Multi-layer concrete structure construction method based on embedded support shaped like Chinese character'tu '

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-layer concrete structure construction method based on an embedded support shaped like a Chinese character'tu ', belongs to the technical field of building construction, and solves the problems of overall displacement and out-of-control precision caused by the fact that the bottom of a supporting system is not firmly fixed in traditional multi-layer concrete construction. According to the technical scheme, the method comprises the steps of firstly manufacturing a steel bar welded support shaped like a Chinese character'tu '; pre-burying the support system in lower-layer concrete to serve as a bottom fixing point of a vertical rod of the support system; a supporting system vertical rod is detachably connected with the top of the support; concrete is poured after the formwork is installed and adjusted; cutting the exposed part of the bracket after the concrete is hardened; and repeating the steps to finish multi-layer construction. According to the method, through the rigid pre-embedding and detachable connection design of the support shaped like the Chinese character'tu ', the stability and positioning precision of a supporting system are ensured, and the method is mainly used for rapid and high-precision construction of cast-in-place concrete structures such as high-rise buildings or multi-layer industrial factory buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and more particularly to a method for constructing a multi-layer concrete structure based on a U-shaped pre-buried bracket. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of multi-story cast-in-place concrete structures, the stability and positioning accuracy of the support system are critical factors in ensuring that the structural geometry meets design requirements. The currently widely used method for fixing the base of the support system's vertical columns suffers from insufficient bottom-fixing reliability and difficulty in precision control. This lack of bottom-fixing reliability is primarily due to the conventional practice of laying pads on the hardened concrete surface or using expansion bolts to secure the column base. The difficulty in precisely controlling the concrete surface flatness (typically within a tolerance of ±5mm), resulting in initial tilt or partial overhang at the base of the vertical columns. During the pouring process, the fluid pressure of the fresh concrete, vibration loads, and dynamic disturbances caused by construction personnel can easily cause slippage or slight lift between the vertical columns and the foundation surface. The difficulty in precision control is primarily due to the fact that during multi-story construction, installation deviations in the lower support system can be transmitted to the upper structure through the formwork. Traditional fixing methods lack traceable benchmarks, requiring re-drawing of control lines for each floor's layout. This cumulative error amplifies nonlinearly with increasing floor height.

[0003] These inherent defects not only increase the cost of subsequent chiseling and repair, but also pose potential risks to the structural performance. Especially in sensitive areas such as long-span transition layers and prestressed tensioning zones, deviations in the formwork arch caused by support displacement can lead to redistribution of internal forces in the structure and even affect its safety. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of construction displacement and loss of precision control caused by the loose bottom fixation of the traditional support system, and to ensure the stable anchoring of the support poles in the construction of multi-story concrete structures.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to overcome the problem of reduced structural strength caused by welding deformation and dimensional deviation in the production of the U-shaped bracket, and to ensure that the bearing performance of the bracket meets the design load requirements.

[0006] Eliminate the internal damage to steel bars caused by conventional mechanical correction and achieve efficient and non-destructive adjustment of the bracket's geometric accuracy.

[0007] Avoid bracket deviation caused by concrete flow during the pre-embedding stage and improve pre-embedding positioning accuracy to millimeter level.

[0008] Solve the secondary disturbance problem caused by manual reset operation in the initial setting stage of concrete and establish a quantitative displacement intervention mechanism.

[0009] Coordinate the functional conflicts between sensor installation and bracket structure, and achieve the integrated design of the monitoring system and the detachable connection interface.

[0010] Prevent the risk of corrosion expansion of internal steel bars in concrete caused by rusting of the cut surface of the bracket, and ensure the structural durability.

[0011] Break through the defect of monitoring lag in traditional manual inspection, and construct an active safety warning system for the whole process of construction.

[0012] Optimize the problem of insufficient coverage of maintenance blind areas, and achieve targeted maintenance and environmental adaptive control of special-shaped cut parts.

[0013] The construction method of multi-layer concrete structure based on the T-shaped embedded bracket of the present invention includes the following steps: S1. Manufacture the T-shaped bracket: Use steel bars to weld into a T-shaped bracket; S2. Embed the T-shaped bracket: Embed the T-shaped bracket into the lower-layer concrete as the fixed point at the bottom of the vertical pole of the support system; S3. Install the support system: After the lower-layer concrete reaches a certain strength, detachably connect the vertical pole of the support system to the T-shaped bracket; S4. Install and adjust the formwork: Install the formwork on the support system and adjust the position and size; S5. Pour concrete: Pour concrete into the formwork; S6. Treat the exposed part of the bracket: After the concrete pouring is completed, cut the exposed part of the T-shaped bracket; S7. Repeat steps S1 to S6 to complete the construction of the multi-layer concrete structure.

[0014] Preferably, in step S1 of the present invention, the manufacture of the T-shaped bracket includes the following operations: Perform surface pretreatment on the steel bars, including mechanical rust removal to a surface roughness Ra ≤ 12.5 μm, and correcting the straightness deviation of the steel bars ≤ 1 mm / m; According to the design load and structural strength requirements, optimize the welding joint distribution of the vertical and horizontal bars of the T-shaped bracket through finite element analysis software, and the node spacing ≤ 300 mm; Use carbon dioxide gas shielded welding process for welding, select ER50-6 type welding wire, set the welding current to 200-240 A, the welding voltage to 22-28 V, and use magnetic particle flaw detection to detect surface cracks after the weld cools, and the defect size ≤ 0.5 mm; After welding, place the T-shaped bracket on a three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine to detect the verticality deviation of the vertical bar and the horizontality deviation of the horizontal bar of the T-shaped bracket. Among them, the verticality deviation of the vertical bar ≤ ± mm, the horizontality deviation of the horizontal bar ≤ ± 1.5 mm, and the over-tolerance parts are adjusted by the local heating correction method.

[0015] Preferably, the specific operations of the local heating correction method of the present invention include: According to the detection data of the 3D coordinate measuring machine, mark the out-of-tolerance parts of the vertical rods or horizontal rods of the U-shaped bracket and heat the out-of-tolerance parts. The heating temperature is controlled at 600-700℃ and the holding time is 30-60 seconds. Immediately after heating, apply a reverse correction force to the out-of-tolerance part, with the correction force being 10-15% of the yield strength of the steel bar, and cool the heated area to room temperature; After cooling, re-check the geometric dimensions of the corrected part. If the verticality deviation is greater than ±1mm or the horizontality deviation is greater than ±1mm, repeat the heating correction operation until it meets the requirements.

[0016] Preferably, in step S2 of the present invention, pre-embedding the U-shaped bracket specifically includes the following operations: S21. Based on the layout and structural design requirements of the support system poles, use measuring instruments to mark the embedded positions of the "T"-shaped brackets; S22. After the bottom layer of reinforcement is tied, place the "T"-shaped bracket according to the marked position; temporarily secure the bracket to the structural reinforcement by tying or welding, ensuring that the lower crossbar of the "T"-shaped bracket is completely buried in the concrete, with the pre-embedded depth ≥ the designed minimum; use a spirit level and plumb line to calibrate the bracket, controlling the vertical deviation to ≤1‰ and the horizontal deviation to ≤±2mm; S23. Monitor the support displacement in real time before the initial setting of the concrete. If the offset is greater than 3mm, reset it immediately.

[0017] Preferably, step S23 of the present invention specifically includes: S231. Install a displacement sensor on the top of the U-shaped bracket. Connect the displacement sensor to the monitoring terminal via a wireless transmission module. S232. The monitoring terminal dynamically analyzes the displacement data and triggers an alarm when the displacement of the U-shaped bracket in any direction is greater than 3mm or the tilt angle is greater than 0.5°; S233. If the offset of the U-shaped bracket in any direction is 3mm~5mm, a vibration reset device is used to perform local micro-vibration on the concrete at the root of the U-shaped bracket, and the fluidity of the concrete is used to reset the U-shaped bracket; if the offset of the U-shaped bracket in any direction is greater than 5mm, a special reset steel bar is inserted to apply lever force for correction, and after reset, additional concrete is poured to cover the disturbed area.

[0018] Preferably, step S231 of the present invention specifically includes: S2311. Divide the top of the U-shaped bracket into a connection area and a non-connection area, reserve a connection interface in the connection area, and reserve a displacement sensor installation hole in the non-connection area; S2312. Fix the displacement sensor in the mounting hole, with the monitoring direction of the displacement sensor parallel to the vertical axis of the U-shaped bracket; S2313. Remove the displacement sensor after the initial setting of the concrete; S2314. When installing the support system, use the connection interface reserved on the top of the bracket to complete the detachable connection with the vertical pole of the support system.

[0019] Preferably, the processing of the exposed part of the bracket in step S6 of the present invention includes the following operations: cutting the exposed part of the bracket after removing the displacement sensor, and polishing the cut surface after cutting; then performing three-layer anti-corrosion treatment on the cut surface, the first layer is sprayed with zinc-based anti-corrosion primer, the second layer is coated with epoxy iron oxide intermediate paint, and the third layer is roller-coated with polyurethane topcoat; finally, micro-expansive cement repair is performed on the concrete surface around the cutting area.

[0020] Preferably, the present invention further includes step S8, which is to set a monitoring system to monitor the stress of the earth-shaped support, the deformation of the support system, and the displacement of the template in real time during the entire construction process, and take corresponding adjustment measures in a timely manner when the monitoring data exceeds the warning value; step S8 is specifically as follows: S81. Attach resistance strain gauges to the stress points of the U-shaped support, with a sampling frequency of ≥10Hz; deploy inclination sensors at the mid-span of the support system uprights, with an accuracy of ≤0.01°; and install laser displacement meters at key nodes of the formwork. S82. Set three levels of warning thresholds, specifically: Level I Caution: support stress > 60% of the design value or template displacement > 3mm; Level II Warning: support stress > 80% of the design value or template displacement > 5mm; Level III Danger: support stress > 95% of the design value or template displacement > 8mm; When monitoring data triggers the warning threshold, the terminal automatically pushes the warning level and location information: Level I Caution corresponds to Level I Warning, Level II Warning corresponds to Level II Warning, and Level III Danger corresponds to Level III Warning; Among them, when it is a level I warning, the pouring speed is reduced to ≤0.3m / h and the load distribution is verified. When it is a level II warning, the pouring is suspended and the hydraulic jack is used to partially lift the support system to compensate for deformation. When it is a level III warning, emergency evacuation is carried out.

[0021] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. The rigid, pre-embedded, and detachable connection design of the "T"-shaped bracket significantly enhances the support system's pullout and shear resistance, improving construction precision. Its modular construction significantly shortens the construction period for each floor, and the unified support datums on each floor control the cumulative deviation of the top structural axis to within ±5mm.

[0022] 2. The node distribution optimized by finite element analysis and combined with the gas shielded welding process greatly improves the ultimate load of the bracket. At the same time, through three-dimensional coordinate measurement and local thermal correction technology, the vertical deviation of the component is compressed to ±1mm, which is 60% higher than the accuracy of conventional manufacturing processes, effectively avoiding the risk of support system instability caused by bracket deformation.

[0023] 3. High-frequency induction heating combined with water mist cooling achieves precise straightening while maintaining a steel bar yield strength loss rate of less than 3%. This further improves the accuracy of U-shaped bracket assembly and, ultimately, the support system installation. Furthermore, compared to cold straightening, hot straightening significantly extends the fatigue life of the steel bars and eliminates internal microcracks, ensuring the long-term reliability of the bracket under dynamic loads.

[0024] 4. The combination of a stepped fixing process and real-time monitoring significantly improved the pre-embedded qualification rate of the "T"-shaped bracket. At the same time, plumb line correction ensured the bracket's verticality reached 0.5‰, with a horizontal control accuracy of ±1.2mm, providing a precise positioning reference for the superstructure and reducing the transmission of cumulative errors.

[0025] 5. By installing displacement sensors, the displacement sensor network can capture millimeter-level displacement with a response time of less than 0.5 seconds. A graded reset strategy enables 95% of displacement events to be corrected before initial setting, significantly improving efficiency compared to manual reset and avoiding internal concrete damage caused by traditional crowbar operations.

[0026] 6. The partition design greatly reduces the installation accuracy error of the displacement sensor without affecting the function of the bracket connection interface. The fixing method of the mounting holes ensures that the flatness of the top of the bracket is within the specified range after removal, providing a complete contact surface for the pole connection and ensuring the precise installation of the support system.

[0027] 7. The water jet cutting process is used to protect the concrete around the U-shaped bracket from vibration damage. At the same time, a three-layer anti-corrosion system is designed to greatly improve the salt spray resistance of the cut surface. Micro-expansive cement repair eliminates micro-cracks on the interface, ensuring that the concrete protective layer fully protects the steel bars.

[0028] 8. 10Hz data acquisition is achieved through a multi-source sensor network, and a three-level early warning mechanism enables accident response to be advanced by more than 30 minutes. The hydraulic compensation system can complete support deformation correction within 120 seconds, restoring the formwork displacement to within the allowable deviation range, greatly improving the accuracy of formwork installation, overall improving construction accuracy, and reducing rework rates.

[0029] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be reflected in part from the following description and will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can implement it according to the text of the specification.

[0031] The present invention provides a construction method for a multi-layer concrete structure based on a T-shaped embedded support, which specifically includes the following steps: S1. Fabricate the T-shaped support: Weld the T-shaped support using reinforcing bars. S2. Embed the T-shaped support: Embed the T-shaped support in the lower-layer concrete as the fixed point at the bottom of the vertical pole of the support system. S3. Install the support system: After the lower-layer concrete reaches a certain strength, detachably connect the vertical poles of the support system to the T-shaped support. S4. Install and adjust the formwork: Install the formwork on the support system and adjust its position and size. S5. Pour the concrete: Pour the concrete into the formwork. S6. Treat the exposed part of the support: After the concrete pouring is completed, cut the exposed part of the T-shaped support. S7. Repeat steps S1 to S6 to complete the construction of the multi-layer concrete structure.

[0032] In the above technical solution, specifically, the T-shaped support can be welded using HRB400 grade deformed bars with diameters of 16 mm, 20 mm or 25 mm. After the surface of the reinforcing bars is mechanically derusted by a angle grinder, the roughness Ra is controlled at 6.3 μm, 10 μm or 12.5 μm. The embedding depth of the T-shaped support can be selected as 100 mm, 150 mm or 200 mm. The embedding position is located by setting out with a total station, and the horizontal deviation threshold is set as ±1.5 mm, ±2.0 mm or ±2.5 mm. The T-shaped support is placed at the intersection of the steel mesh of the lower-layer concrete structure, and the lower cross bar is completely embedded in the concrete. The displacement monitoring threshold before the initial setting of the concrete is set as 3.0 mm. When it exceeds the limit, a portable vibrator with a vibration frequency of 40 Hz (such as Honda EX30 type) can be used for micro-vibration reset.

[0033] The support system's uprights can be constructed of Q345B steel pipe (outer diameter 48mm, wall thickness 3.5mm). They can be removably connected to the top threaded connection of the "T"-shaped bracket via a flange (a pre-installed threaded connection is available). The bolt torque can be set to 100N·m, 120N·m, or 150N·m, depending on the specific situation. The formwork is constructed of 18mm thick plywood (compliant with GB / T 17656). After installation, the plane position is adjusted using a laser rangefinder, with a dimensional deviation threshold set to ±3mm. The concrete pouring speed is controlled at 0.5m / h, 0.8m / h, or 1.0m / h, with the slump maintained within a range of 160±20mm. The vibrating rod insertion points are spaced 300mm, 400mm, or 500mm apart.

[0034] Exposed "T"-shaped supports can be removed using an ultra-high-pressure water jet (Flow Mach4 series optional) at 380 MPa water pressure, with the cut surface located 50 mm, 60 mm, or 70 mm from the concrete surface. After cutting, the surface is polished using a 3M 967Q abrasive belt to a surface roughness of Ra 1.6 μm, Ra 2.5 μm, or Ra 3.2 μm. Each layer's construction cycle is limited to 72 to 120 hours. The embedded position of the upper "T"-shaped supports is measured based on the reference points reserved for the lower layer, with an axis transfer deviation threshold of ±2 mm. Construction of the next layer can be commenced when the concrete strength reaches 15 MPa, 18 MPa, or 20 MPa.

[0035] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: through the rigid pre-embedded and detachable connection design of the U-shaped bracket, the pull-out and shear resistance of the support system are significantly improved, and the construction accuracy is improved; through standardized bracket production and millimeter-level pre-embedded positioning, the rigid anchoring of the bottom of the support system is achieved; the modular connection interface ensures the consistency of the benchmark transfer of multi-layer construction, which greatly shortens the single-layer construction period; the quantitative construction parameter control effectively reduces the cumulative error and meets the position accuracy and construction safety requirements of the cast-in-place concrete structure.

[0036] In another technical solution, in step S1, the production of the Chinese-shaped bracket includes the following operations: Surface pretreatment of steel bars, including mechanical rust removal to a surface roughness of Ra ≤ 12.5 μm, and use of a hydraulic straightening machine to correct the straightness deviation of the steel bars to ≤ 1 mm / m; According to the design load and structural strength requirements, the distribution of welding nodes of the vertical and horizontal bars of the U-shaped bracket is optimized by finite element analysis software, and the node spacing is ≤300mm; The welding process is carried out using carbon dioxide gas shielded welding, the welding wire is ER50-6, the welding current is set to 200-240A, the welding voltage is 22-28V, and the surface cracks are detected by magnetic particle inspection after the weld cools down. The defect size is ≤0.5mm; After welding is completed, the U-shaped bracket is placed on a three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine to detect the verticality of the vertical rod and the horizontality deviation of the horizontal rod. The verticality deviation of the vertical rod is ≤±2mm, and the horizontality deviation of the horizontal rod is ≤±1.5mm. The local heating correction method is used to adjust the out-of-tolerance parts.

[0037] In the above technical solution, specifically, the surface pretreatment of the steel bars adopts a mechanical rust removal process. The Bosch GWS 18V-180 angle grinder with a wire brush disc can be used, and the surface roughness Ra can be controlled at 6.3μm, 10μm or 12.5μm. The straightness correction uses the Tongze TY-50 hydraulic straightening machine, and the deviation threshold can be set to 0.5mm / m, 0.8mm / m or 1.0mm / m. The distribution of welding nodes is optimized by ANSYS finite element software, and the node spacing can be selected as 200mm, 250mm or 300mm. The optimization goal is that the maximum stress does not exceed 80% of the material yield strength when the bracket bears the design load of 80kN, 100kN or 120kN. The steel bar material can be HRB400 grade threaded steel with a diameter of 16mm, 20mm or 25mm.

[0038] The CO2 gas shielded welding equipment used is the Panasonic YD-350GR3 welding machine, and the Atlantic CHW-50C6 (ER50-6) welding wire is used. Welding parameter combinations include: 200A / 22V, 220A / 25V, and 240A / 28V. When the weld cools below 50°C, a McCourt MP-A2G magnetic particle flaw detector is used to detect surface cracks, with defect size thresholds set to 0.3mm, 0.4mm, or 0.5mm. Fluorescent magnetic suspension can be used as the flaw detection agent, and cracks are observed under black light.

[0039] A Hexagon Global Advantage measuring machine can be used for three-dimensional coordinate measurement, with the test bracket placed on a granite platform. Verticality deviation thresholds are set to ±1.5mm, ±2.0mm, or ±2.5mm, and horizontality deviation thresholds are set to ±1.0mm, ±1.5mm, or ±2.0mm. The correction equipment can be an Indus HF-10 high-frequency induction heater, with heating temperatures selectable at 600°C, 650°C, or 700°C and hold times set to 40 seconds, 50 seconds, or 60 seconds. Cooling is performed using a Nordson AirPro 48-75 water mist nozzle, with a controlled cooling rate of 12°C / s, 13°C / s, or 15°C / s. Re-measurement accuracy after correction requires verticality ≤±1.0mm and horizontality ≤±0.8mm.

[0040] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that, through quantitative process parameter control and precise detection means, the geometric dimension accuracy of the U-shaped bracket is guaranteed to meet the installation requirements of the support system, further improving the construction accuracy; the thermal correction process avoids material performance damage caused by cold processing; the non-destructive testing system ensures the quality reliability of the welding node, providing qualified embedded anchors for multi-layer concrete construction.

[0041] In another technical solution, the specific operations of the local heating correction method include: According to the detection data of the 3D coordinate measuring machine, mark the out-of-tolerance parts of the vertical rods or horizontal rods of the U-shaped bracket and heat the out-of-tolerance parts. The heating temperature is controlled at 600-700℃ and the holding time is 30-60 seconds. Immediately after heating, apply a reverse correction force to the out-of-tolerance part, with the correction force being 10-15% of the yield strength of the steel bar, and cool the heated area to room temperature; After cooling, re-check the geometric dimensions of the corrected part. If the verticality deviation is greater than ±1mm or the horizontality deviation is greater than ±1mm, repeat the heating correction operation until it meets the requirements.

[0042] In the above technical solution, based on three-dimensional coordinate measurement data, a heating range is demarcated using high-temperature resistant marking paint in the out-of-tolerance area of the vertical rod of the "T"-shaped support (the heating range is marked from the out-of-tolerance area to both sides of the out-of-tolerance area). The length of the heating range is selected according to the diameter of the rebar: for example, for 16mm rebar, the heating range can be set to 24mm, 28mm, or 32mm; for 20mm rebar, the heating range can be set to 30mm, 35mm, or 40mm. The high-frequency induction heating equipment can be the Indox HF-10 model, with the center of the induction coil aligned with the out-of-tolerance area. The heating temperature can be selected from 600°C, 650°C, or 700°C, and the heating rate threshold can be set to 45°C / s, 48°C / s, or 50°C / s. Temperature monitoring is performed using a Raytech MI3 series infrared thermometer, with the measurement point 10mm from the heating center and the hold time set to 35 seconds, 45 seconds, or 60 seconds.

[0043] The reverse corrective force is applied by a hydraulic jack, with the force application point located 15mm outside the out-of-tolerance area. The corrective force is set according to the yield strength of the steel bar: HRB400 grade steel bar (yield strength 400MPa) corresponds to a corrective force of 15.3kN, 17.8kN, or 20.4kN (for a diameter of 20mm). The force is applied in the opposite direction of the deviation and is maintained for at least 30 seconds. Cooling can be achieved using a water mist system, with the nozzle 50mm away from the heating surface. The cooling rate is controlled at 11°C / s, 13°C / s, or 15°C / s, and the water temperature is maintained in the range of 15-25°C. The cooling endpoint temperature threshold is set at 35°C, 40°C, or 45°C.

[0044] After cooling, it is placed back on the original measurement platform. The remeasurement verticality deviation thresholds are set to ±0.8 mm, ±1.0 mm, or ±1.2 mm, and the horizontality deviation thresholds are set to ±0.5 mm, ±0.8 mm, or ±1.0 mm. For the parts where the remeasurement exceeds the tolerance (the area where the deviation > 80% of the set threshold), secondary heating correction is carried out, and the heating temperature is reduced by 50 °C, 60 °C, or 70 °C compared with the previous time. The maximum correction times threshold is set to 3 times, and the parts exceeding the limit are scrapped. After correction, the brackets are stored on a special bracket to avoid deformation during transportation.

[0045] Adopting this technical solution, the beneficial effects obtained are that the geometric accuracy of the bracket is improved through the controlled thermal correction process, while maintaining the stability of the mechanical properties of the steel bars; the cooling parameters are quantified to avoid thermal stress concentration; and the iterative correction mechanism ensures that the qualified rate of the finished products meets the installation accuracy requirements of the support system.

[0046] In another technical solution, in step S2, the embedding of the T-shaped bracket specifically includes the following operations: S21. Precise positioning: According to the layout and structural design requirements of the vertical poles of the support system, a measuring instrument is used to lay out and mark the embedding position of the T-shaped bracket. S22. Step-by-step fixation: a) After the bottom layer of steel bars is tied, place the T-shaped bracket at the marked position; b) Temporarily fix the bracket to the structural steel bars by tying or welding, ensuring that the lower cross bar of the T-shaped bracket is completely embedded in the concrete, and the embedding depth ≥ the design minimum value; c) Use a level and a plumb line to correct the bracket, controlling the verticality deviation ≤ 1‰ and the horizontality deviation ≤ ±2 mm. S23. Concrete pouring monitoring: Monitor the displacement of the bracket in real time before the concrete initial sets. If the offset > 3 mm, immediately reset it.

[0047] In the above technical solution, specifically, during the actual construction process, according to the design drawing of the support system, a total station is used to lay out the embedding points, and the horizontal positioning error thresholds are set to ±1.5 mm, ±2.0 mm, or ±2.5 mm. The T-shaped bracket is placed at the intersection of the lower layer structural steel bar mesh, and the embedding depth can be selected as 100 mm, 150 mm, or 200 mm. After the bottom layer of steel bars is tied, the deviation threshold between the axis of the vertical bar of the T-shaped bracket and the center of the layout mark is set to ±1.0 mm. Temporary fixation is carried out by tying with 1.2 mm diameter galvanized iron wire to the main structural steel bars, or by spot welding with J422 electrodes, and the weld length ≤ 10 mm.

[0048] Verticality correction can be performed using an electronic level attached to the side of the bracket's vertical bar, with a plumb line suspended from the center of the top of the "T" bracket. Verticality deviation thresholds are set to 0.8‰, 1.0‰, or 1.2‰. Levelness is controlled by centering the bubble on the level, with deviation thresholds set to ±1.5mm, ±2.0mm, or ±2.5mm. After correction, the gap between the lower crossbar of the "T" bracket and the underlying rebar is ≤3mm, ensuring complete embedment in the concrete. The concrete cover thickness control pads are prefabricated with C30 fine stone concrete and measure 40mm x 40mm x thickness difference.

[0049] The displacement monitoring system can use the Keyence HG-C series laser displacement meter, installed on the support platform 500mm to the side of the top of the U-shaped support. The monitoring frequency is set to 10Hz, 20Hz, or 30Hz, and the displacement alarm threshold is set to 2.5mm, 3.0mm, or 3.5mm. When the offset is in the range of 3-5mm, use a Honda EX30 vibrator to micro-vibrate within a 200mm radius at the base of the support for 5-10 seconds. When the offset is greater than 5mm, use a 25mm diameter 45# steel reset bar to insert it into the concrete and apply a lever force of ≤5kN at a distance of 150mm from the support to correct it. After reset, the thickness of the concrete cover layer must be ≥30mm.

[0050] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: ensuring the accuracy of the embedded position of the bracket through a hierarchical control process and reducing the impact of concrete pouring disturbances; quantitative correction standards ensure the uniformity of the support system benchmark; and the real-time monitoring mechanism effectively controls the cumulative error, providing reliable basic positioning for the construction of multi-story concrete structures.

[0051] In another technical solution, step S23 specifically includes: S231. Install a high-precision displacement sensor on the top of the U-shaped bracket. Connect the displacement sensor to the monitoring terminal via a wireless transmission module. S232. The monitoring terminal dynamically analyzes the displacement data and triggers an alarm when the displacement of the U-shaped bracket in any direction is greater than 3mm or the tilt angle is greater than 0.5°; S233. If the offset of the U-shaped bracket in any direction is 3mm~5mm, use a vibration reset device to perform local micro-vibration on the concrete at the base of the bracket, and use the fluidity of the concrete to reset the bracket; if the offset of the U-shaped bracket in any direction is greater than 5mm, insert a special reset steel chisel to apply leverage to correct it, and after resetting, pour concrete to cover the disturbed area.

[0052] In the above technical solution, specifically, the top of the U-shaped bracket is divided into a connection area and a non-connection area. Bolt holes for installing displacement sensors can be reserved in the connection area of the top of the U-shaped bracket, and threaded holes for installing the vertical poles of the support system can be set in the non-connection area. The displacement sensor can be the Keyence HG-C1050 type, fixed to the corresponding threaded hole with stainless steel bolts, and the monitoring axis is parallel to the center line of the vertical pole of the U-shaped bracket. The sensor cable is passed through a Φ10mm PVC pipe and led to the outside of the pouring area, with the pipe mouth 300mm away from the concrete surface. The wireless transmission module uses Siemens 6ES7972-0BB12-0XA0, which is installed on the side wall of the monitoring terminal box, and the sampling frequency is set to 50Hz, 100Hz or 200Hz. The terminal display refresh cycle is set to 0.5 seconds, 1 second or 2 seconds.

[0053] The monitoring terminal runs a LabVIEW data analysis program, and displacement calculations use cubic spline interpolation. The X / Y / Z offset thresholds are set to 2.8mm, 3.0mm, or 3.2mm, and the tilt angle thresholds are set to 0.45°, 0.50°, or 0.55°. The continuous trigger determination time is set to 3 seconds, 5 seconds, or 8 seconds. Alarm signals are divided into two levels: a first-level audible and visual alarm (85dB buzzer + yellow LED) and a second-level linkage reset system (red LED + relay output). Alarm records are stored in CSV format with a timestamp accuracy of 0.01 second.

[0054] If the monitoring terminal detects a 3-5mm offset in any direction, a Honda EX30 vibrator with a 30mm Φ flat head should be used to vibrate the base of the U-shaped support within a 150mm radius at 40Hz for 8, 10, or 12 seconds. After vibration, the support should be left to stand for 60 seconds. If the support does not reset, the process should be repeated. The maximum number of vibrations is set to 3 to ensure reset. If the monitoring terminal detects a 5mm offset in any direction, a 45# steel reset bar (25mm×25mm cross-section, 1.2m long) should be used, inserted 120mm, 150mm, or 180mm from the edge of the U-shaped support. The lever fulcrum should be a 100mm×100mm×10mm steel plate. The operator should apply a force of ≤3kN and a correction angle increment of ≤0.5° per repetition to achieve reset. After reset, the support should be repaired with C40 micro-expansive concrete covering an area of 300mm×300mm×50mm.

[0055] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: through quantitative monitoring and graded intervention mechanism, precise control of the support offset during the initial setting stage of concrete can be achieved; vibration reset reduces the disturbance of concrete caused by manual intervention; lever correction provides a controllable mechanical correction method to ensure that the positioning accuracy of the support system meets the requirements of multi-layer construction.

[0056] In another technical solution: step S231 specifically includes: S2311. Divide the top of the U-shaped bracket into a connection area and a non-connection area, reserve a connection interface in the connection area, and reserve a displacement sensor installation hole in the non-connection area; S2312. Fix the displacement sensor in the mounting hole with bolts, with the monitoring direction of the displacement sensor parallel to the vertical axis of the U-shaped bracket; S2313. Remove the displacement sensor after the initial setting of the concrete; S2314. When installing the support system, use the connection interface reserved on the top of the bracket to complete the detachable connection with the vertical pole of the support system.

[0057] In the above technical solution, the top plane of the "T"-shaped bracket is divided into a connection area and a non-connection area. The center of the connection area can be machined with an M12, M16, or M20 bolt hole with a depth of 20mm, 25mm, or 30mm for mounting a displacement sensor. In the non-connection area, two sets of M6, M8, or M10 threaded holes (designed to suit the rebar diameter) are provided, 15mm, 20mm, or 25mm from the bracket edge, with thread depths of 8mm, 10mm, or 12mm, for connecting to the support system's vertical poles. The "T"-shaped bracket is made of Q235B steel plate with a thickness of 16mm, 20mm, or 25mm. The machining equipment can be a Tongze TK-40 CNC milling machine with a positioning accuracy of ±0.02mm.

[0058] The displacement sensor is secured to the threaded hole with stainless steel bolts. The parallelism deviation threshold between the displacement sensor axis and the vertical axis of the U-shaped bracket is set to 0.05°, 0.10°, or 0.15°. The displacement sensor cable is threaded through a Φ8mm, Φ10mm, or Φ12mm PVC conduit with a bend radius greater than 100mm to allow it to exit to a non-concrete area. Initial setting of concrete is determined by a penetration resistance value of 3.5MPa, 4.0MPa, or 4.5MPa (this can be tested using the New Europe NP-3 penetrometer). Once this value is met, loosen the bolts and remove the sensor. Immediately install a nylon protective cap into the threaded hole.

[0059] The surface roughness Ra of the connection interface reserved at the top of the U-shaped bracket is controlled to 1.6μm, 2.5μm, or 3.2μm (tested using a Mitutoyo SJ-210 roughness tester). Bolt holes matching the connection interface are provided on the flange at the bottom of the support system's uprights. A torque wrench is used to apply preload during installation. Molybdenum disulfide grease (0.1mm thick) is applied to the flange contact surface. After disassembly, the interface is cleaned with a copper wire brush to remove any remaining concrete.

[0060] The beneficial effects of adopting this technical solution are: the partition design realizes the physical isolation of the monitoring function and the structural function; the standardized threaded interface ensures the installation accuracy of the sensor; the protective measures maintain the integrity and reusability of the connection interface, provide a reliable installation benchmark for the support system, further improve the accuracy of the support system installation, and improve the construction accuracy and efficiency.

[0061] In another technical solution, the processing of the exposed portion of the stent in step S6 includes the following operations: Use water jet cutting equipment to cut off the exposed part of the U-shaped bracket after the sensor is removed. The cutting water pressure is set to 300-400MPa and the cutting speed is ≤10mm / s. After cutting, the cut surface is polished with a belt sander, with a surface roughness of Ra ≤ 3.2 μm. After polishing, a laser scanner is used to detect flatness, with a flatness deviation of ≤ 0.5 mm / m. The cut surface is treated with three layers of anti-corrosion treatment. The first layer is sprayed with zinc-based anti-corrosion primer with a dry film thickness of ≥80μm, a curing temperature of 60-80℃, and a curing time of ≥2h. The second layer is coated with epoxy micaceous iron intermediate paint with a wet film thickness of ≥150μm, a surface drying time of ≤30min, and a thorough drying time of ≤24h. The third layer is roller-coated with polyurethane topcoat with a wet film thickness of ≥100μm, a paint film pencil hardness of ≥2H, and salt spray resistance of ≥2000h. Repair the concrete surface around the cutting area with micro-expansive cement, and the thickness of the repair layer should be ≥5mm.

[0062] In the above technical solution, the exposed portion of the bracket is removed using a Flow Mach 4 ultra-high-pressure water jet system. The cutting water pressure is set to 350 MPa, 380 MPa, or 400 MPa, and the cutting speed is controlled to 8 mm / s, 9 mm / s, or 10 mm / s. The horizontal distance between the cutting surface and the embedded PVC pipe for the sensor wires is set to 50 mm, 55 mm, or 60 mm. 80-mesh garnet sand is used as the abrasive, with a flow rate set to 450 g / min, 500 g / min, or 550 g / min. The incision is located 40 mm, 45 mm, or 50 mm from the concrete surface, and the remaining steel bar length after cutting is controlled to 15 mm, 18 mm, or 20 mm.

[0063] Cut surfaces can be polished using a 3M 967Q belt sander with 120-, 240-, and 400-grit abrasive belts. Surface roughness Ra is controlled to 2.0μm, 2.5μm, or 3.2μm. Flatness is measured using a Faro Edge scanner, with flatness deviation thresholds set to 0.3mm / m, 0.4mm / m, or 0.5mm / m. Spots with out-of-tolerances are locally reground with a 240-grit abrasive belt.

[0064] The first coat of zinc-based primer has a dry film thickness of 80μm, 85μm, or 90μm, curing temperature of 65°C, 70°C, or 75°C, and curing time of 2.5 hours. The second coat of epoxy micaceous iron intermediate has a wet film thickness of 160μm, 170μm, or 180μm, with a surface-free time of 25 minutes. The third coat of polyurethane topcoat has a wet film thickness of 100μm, 110μm, or 120μm, and pencil hardness is tested using a Mitsubishi UNI hardness tester. For concrete repairs, use C40 micro-expansive cement (e.g., 0.03% expansion ratio) with a repair layer thickness of 6mm, 7mm, or 8mm, extending 20mm beyond the edge of the cut.

[0065] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: avoiding the formation of heat-affected zone through water jet cutting; using a graded polishing process to ensure the integrity of the incision surface; adopting a multi-layer anti-corrosion system to improve the durability of steel bars; using micro-expansion repair materials to eliminate interface stress and maintain the protective function of the concrete cover.

[0066] Another technical solution further includes step S8, which is to set up a monitoring system to monitor the stress of the U-shaped support, the deformation of the support system, and the displacement of the template in real time during the entire construction process. When the monitoring data exceeds the warning value, corresponding adjustment measures are taken in a timely manner. The S8 steps are as follows: S81. Multi-source sensor network construction: Attach resistance strain gauges to the stress points of the U-shaped support, with a sampling frequency of ≥10Hz; deploy inclination sensors at the mid-span of the support system uprights, with an accuracy of ≤0.01°; install laser displacement meters at key template nodes, with a range of ±50mm and a resolution of 0.1mm; S82, dynamic threshold warning: a) Set three levels of warning thresholds, specifically: Level I Caution: support stress > 60% of the design value or template displacement > 3mm; Level II Warning: support stress > 80% of the design value or template displacement > 5mm; Level III Danger: support stress > 95% of the design value or template displacement > 8mm; b) When the monitoring data triggers the threshold, the terminal automatically pushes the warning level and location information. Level I attention corresponds to level I warning, level II warning corresponds to level II warning, and level III danger corresponds to level III warning; S83. Intelligent intervention decision: Level I warning: reduce the pouring speed to ≤0.3m / h and recheck the load distribution; Level II warning: suspend pouring and use hydraulic jacks to partially lift the support system to compensate for deformation; Level III warning: emergency evacuation and activate the support system redundant reinforcement plan.

[0067] In the above technical solution, specifically, a resistance strain gauge is pasted at the intersection of the crossbar and the vertical pole of the U-shaped bracket. The Keyence KFW-5-120-C1-11 model can be used, and the sampling frequency is set to 10Hz, 15Hz, or 20Hz. The inclination sensor is installed at the mid-span of the vertical pole of the support system. The SIKE PTM-FS60M4AP0X3 model can be used, with an accuracy of 0.008°, 0.010°, or 0.012°. A laser displacement meter is installed at the inner corner of the template. The Keyence IL-065 model can be used, with a range of ±50mm and an installation spacing of 3m, 4m, or 5m. The sensor cable is passed through a Φ20mm flame-retardant PVC pipe and merged into the data acquisition box.

[0068] The early warning system runs on Advantech's ARK-1123 industrial computer, with a data processing cycle of 0.5 seconds. Level I caution thresholds: bracket stress > 60% of the design value (e.g., a design value of 80kN corresponds to 48kN), and template displacement > 3.0mm, 3.5mm, or 4.0mm. Level II warning thresholds: bracket stress > 80% of the design value (64kN), and template displacement > 5.0mm, 5.5mm, or 6.0mm. Level III danger thresholds: bracket stress > 95% of the design value (76kN), and template displacement > 8.0mm, 8.5mm, or 9.0mm. Alarm information is pushed to mobile devices via a 4G module (Huawei ME909s-821 is optional), with response time thresholds of 0.8, 1.0, or 1.2 seconds.

[0069] The three-level warning response is as follows: Level I: The pouring speed is reduced to 0.3m / h, 0.4m / h, or 0.5m / h, and load verification is performed using pressure sensors to monitor the concrete distribution. Level II: After pausing pouring, Enerpac RC-254 hydraulic jacks are deployed in the deformed area, with the lifting force set to 70%, 80%, or 90% of the design load and a lifting rate of ≤1mm / min. Level III: The audible and visual alarms (110dB siren and red rotating beacon) are activated, and personnel evacuate according to the pre-set evacuation map.

[0070] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: through multi-parameter real-time monitoring and a graded response mechanism, active prevention and control of risks in the construction process can be achieved; quantitative intervention measures can effectively control the deformation development of the support system; and the information-based early warning platform can improve the efficiency of accident handling, ensure the safety of concrete structure construction, and ultimately improve construction quality.

[0071] <Example 1> Construction of standard floors of high-rise office buildings.

[0072] Project Overview: 22-story frame-core tube structure, 3.9m floor height, 120mm floor thickness, concrete design strength C30. The method described in this invention was used to construct the 5th to 8th standard floors.

[0073] The construction process and parameter control are as follows: 1. Production of the earth-shaped bracket Material: HRB400 grade Φ20mm threaded steel (produced by Shougang); Welding: Panasonic YD-350GR3 welding machine, ER50-6 welding wire, current 220A / voltage 25V; Node distribution: optimized by ANSYS, spacing 250mm; Geometric inspection: Hexagon Global Advantage measuring machine, verticality deviation control ±1.8mm; Thermal correction: Yingda HF-10 heater, 650℃ holding time for 45 seconds, water mist cooling rate of 13℃ / s; 2. Pre-embedded positioning of the bracket Setting out: Leica TS16 total station, positioning error ±2.0mm; Fixing: Tie galvanized iron wire to the main reinforcement of the beam-column joint; Monitoring: KEYENCE HG-C1050 displacement sensor, alarm threshold 3.0mm; Reset: When the displacement is 4mm, use Honda EX30 vibrator to vibrate for 10 seconds; 3. Support system installation Pole: Φ48×3.5mm Q345B steel pipe, flange connection; Torque control: Daweili QTX-100 torque wrench, 100N·m preload; Template: 18mm thick GB / T 17656 plywood, laser distance measurement adjustment deviation ±3mm 4. Concrete pouring monitoring Multi-source sensing: strain gauge + inclination sensor + displacement meter; Warning response: Level II warning (formwork displacement 5.8mm): pouring is suspended, and the Enerpac RC-254 jack is used for compensation (lifting force 64kN) The pouring speed is controlled at 0.4m / h and the slump is 160±10mm. 5. Bracket treatment and maintenance Cutting: Flow Mach 4 water jet, 380 MPa water pressure, 9 mm / s speed; Anti-corrosion: Primer: Jotun Barrier 77, dry film 85μm (cured at 65℃ for 2.5h); Topcoat: Hempadur 45100, pencil hardness 2H.

[0074] The implementation effect verification is shown in Table 1.

[0075] Table 1 Measurement results of each test item Test items Control Standards Measured mean Pass rate Verticality of embedded bracket ≤1‰ 0.8‰ 100% Cumulative deviation of floor axis ≤8mm 3.2mm 100% Template displacement warning >5mm alarm Maximum 5.8mm Timely disposal From the above, it can be seen that: this embodiment 1 achieves a significant reduction in the cumulative error rate of the support system and a significant shortening of the single-layer construction period through quantitative parameter control and systematic process.

Claims

1. A multi-layer concrete structure construction method based on a T-shaped embedded bracket, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Fabricate a T-shaped support: Use steel bars to weld into a T-shaped support; S2. Embed the T-shaped support: Embed the T-shaped support in the lower-layer concrete as the fixed point at the bottom of the vertical pole of the support system; S3. Install the support system: After the lower-layer concrete reaches a certain strength, detachably connect the vertical poles of the support system to the T-shaped support; S4. Install and adjust the formwork: Install the formwork on the support system and adjust its position and size; S5. Pour concrete: Pour concrete into the formwork; S6. Treat the exposed part of the support: After the concrete pouring is completed, cut the exposed part of the T-shaped support; S7. Repeat steps S1 to S6 to complete the construction of the multi-layer concrete structure.

2. The method for constructing a multi-layer concrete structure based on a U-shaped pre-buried support as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the fabrication of the T-shaped support includes the following operations: Perform surface pretreatment on the steel bars, including mechanical rust removal to a surface roughness Ra ≤ 12.5 μm and correction of the straightness deviation of the steel bars ≤ 1 mm / m; According to the design load and structural strength requirements, optimize the welding joint distribution of the vertical and horizontal bars of the T-shaped support through finite element analysis software, with the joint spacing ≤ 300 mm; Adopt the carbon dioxide gas shielded welding process for welding, select ER50-6 type welding wire, set the welding current at 200 - 240 A, the welding voltage at 22 - 28 V, and use magnetic particle flaw detection to detect surface cracks after the weld cools, with the defect size ≤ 0.5 mm; After welding, place the T-shaped support on a three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine to detect the verticality deviation of the vertical bar and the horizontality deviation of the horizontal bar of the T-shaped support. Among them, the verticality deviation of the vertical bar ≤ ±2 mm, the horizontality deviation of the horizontal bar ≤ ±1.5 mm, and use the local heating correction method to adjust the over-tolerance parts.

3. The method for constructing a multi-layer concrete structure based on a U-shaped pre-buried support as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The specific operation of the local heating correction method includes: According to the detection data of the three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine, mark the over-tolerance parts of the vertical or horizontal bar of the T-shaped support, and heat the over-tolerance parts, with the heating temperature controlled at 600 - 700 °C and the heat preservation time of 30 - 60 seconds; Immediately apply a reverse correction force to the over-tolerance parts after heating, with the correction force size being 10 - 15% of the yield strength of the steel bars, and cool the heating area to room temperature; After cooling, re-detect the geometric dimensions of the corrected parts. If the verticality deviation > ±1 mm or the horizontality deviation > ±1 mm, repeat the heating and correction operations until the requirements are met.

4. The method for constructing a multi-layer concrete structure based on a U-shaped embedded bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the embedding of the T-shaped support specifically includes the following operations: S21. According to the layout of the vertical poles of the support system and the structural design requirements, use measuring instruments to lay out and mark the embedding positions of the T-shaped support; [[ID=*19]]S22. After the bottom-layer steel bars are tied, place the T-shaped support at the marked positions; temporarily fix the support to the structural steel bars by tying or welding, ensure that the lower horizontal bar of the T-shaped support is completely buried in the concrete, and the embedding depth ≥ the design minimum value; use a level and a plumb line to correct the support, and control the verticality deviation ≤ 1‰ and the horizontality deviation ≤ ±2 mm; S23. Monitor the displacement of the support in real time before the concrete initial sets. If the offset > 3 mm, immediately reset it.

5. The method for constructing a multi-layer concrete structure based on a U-shaped pre-buried support as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: Step S23 specifically includes: S231. Install a displacement sensor on the top of the U-shaped bracket. Connect the displacement sensor to the monitoring terminal via a wireless transmission module. S232. The monitoring terminal dynamically analyzes the displacement data and triggers an alarm when the displacement of the U-shaped bracket in any direction is greater than 3mm or the tilt angle is greater than 0.5°; S233. If the offset of the U-shaped bracket in any direction is 3mm~5mm, a vibration reset device is used to perform local micro-vibration on the concrete at the root of the U-shaped bracket, and the fluidity of the concrete is used to reset the U-shaped bracket; if the offset of the U-shaped bracket in any direction is greater than 5mm, a special reset steel bar is inserted to apply lever force for correction, and after reset, additional concrete is poured to cover the disturbed area.

6. The method for constructing a multi-layer concrete structure based on a U-shaped embedded support as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: Step S231 specifically includes: S2311. Divide the top of the U-shaped bracket into a connection area and a non-connection area, reserve a connection interface in the connection area, and reserve a displacement sensor installation hole in the non-connection area; S2312. Fix the displacement sensor in the mounting hole, with the monitoring direction of the displacement sensor parallel to the vertical axis of the U-shaped bracket; S2313. Remove the displacement sensor after the initial setting of the concrete; S2314. When installing the support system, use the connection interface reserved on the top of the bracket to complete the detachable connection with the vertical pole of the support system.

7. The method for constructing a multi-story concrete structure based on a U-shaped embedded support as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The treatment of the exposed part of the bracket in step S6 includes the following operations: cutting the exposed part of the bracket after removing the displacement sensor, and polishing the cut surface after cutting; then performing three-layer anti-corrosion treatment on the cut surface, the first layer is sprayed with zinc-based anti-corrosion primer, the second layer is coated with epoxy micaceous iron intermediate paint, and the third layer is roller-coated with polyurethane topcoat; finally, micro-expansive cement is repaired on the concrete surface around the cutting area.

8. The method for constructing a multi-story concrete structure based on a U-shaped pre-buried support as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The construction process also includes step S8, which is to set up a monitoring system to monitor the stress of the earth-shaped support, the deformation of the support system, and the displacement of the template in real time during the entire construction process. When the monitoring data exceeds the warning value, appropriate adjustment measures are taken in a timely manner. The details of step S8 are as follows: S81. Attach resistance strain gauges to the stress points of the U-shaped support, with a sampling frequency of ≥10Hz; deploy inclination sensors at the mid-span of the support system uprights, with an accuracy of ≤0.01°; and install laser displacement meters at key nodes of the formwork. S82. Set three levels of warning thresholds, specifically: Level I Caution: support stress > 60% of the design value or template displacement > 3mm; Level II Warning: support stress > 80% of the design value or template displacement > 5mm; Level III Danger: support stress > 95% of the design value or template displacement > 8mm; When monitoring data triggers the warning threshold, the terminal automatically pushes the warning level and location information: Level I Caution corresponds to Level I Warning, Level II Warning corresponds to Level II Warning, and Level III Danger corresponds to Level III Warning; Among them, when it is a level I warning, the pouring speed is reduced to ≤0.3m / h and the load distribution is verified. When it is a level II warning, the pouring is suspended and the hydraulic jack is used to partially lift the support system to compensate for deformation. When it is a level III warning, emergency evacuation is carried out.