Coring drilling tool and drilling machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a coring drilling tool, and relates to the technical field of shallow surface layer drilling, the coring drilling tool mainly comprises a coring outer pipe, a core barrel, a core shaft and a drill bit, the two ends of the coring outer pipe are respectively connected with a driving device and the drill bit, the core shaft is rotatably arranged in an inner cavity of the coring outer pipe, and the core barrel is fixedly connected with the core shaft; the outer wall of the core barrel is close to the inner wall of the coring outer pipe, a gap is formed between the outer wall of the core barrel and the inner wall of the coring outer pipe and is not larger than 1 mm, the inner diameter of the drill bit is not larger than 30 mm, and the inner diameter of the core barrel is not smaller than that of the drill bit The invention further discloses a drilling machine which comprises the coring drilling tool. The coring device can adapt to coring of hard rocks on the shallow surface layer, and it can be guaranteed that the coring amount is large.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shallow surface drilling, in particular to a coring drill and a drilling rig. Background Art

[0002] Due to the complex terrain and different soil quality in some remote areas, traditional geological exploration methods such as manual field drilling and vehicle-mounted drilling rigs face many challenges when conducting mineral resource surveys in these areas. Since the current coring drills are mostly for deep drilling, the length and diameter of the drill rod are very large. For the specific coring work of shallow hard rock, the rock is soft and hard, and the drill pipe with too large diameter may cause the borehole to become unstable, which makes it difficult to achieve traditional sampling methods. In response to this, there is currently a water-proof single-action double-tube coring drill, but for the sake of hole wall stability, the diameter of the drill pipe used for soft formations needs to be smaller, and its core tube is set correspondingly to the core shaft, and the diameter of the core tube is much smaller than the diameter of the drill tube, resulting in a significant reduction in the capacity of the core tube, which ultimately leads to a small amount of coring. The small amount of coring cannot truly reflect the overall strength distribution of the formation, which will lead to inaccurate assessment results. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a coring drill and a drilling rig to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a coring drill and a drilling rig to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, which can be adapted to shallow surface geological coring and can ensure a large coring volume.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a coring drill tool, comprising a coring outer tube, a core tube, a core shaft and a drill bit, wherein two ends of the coring outer tube are respectively connected to a driving device and a drill bit, the core shaft is rotatably arranged in the inner cavity of the coring outer tube, the core tube is fixedly connected to the core shaft, the outer wall of the core tube is arranged close to the inner wall of the coring outer tube and there is a gap, the gap is no greater than 1 mm, the inner diameter of the drill bit is no greater than 30 mm, and the inner diameter of the core tube is no less than the inner diameter of the drill bit.

[0006] In some embodiments, a transformation joint is further included, wherein the transformation joint is a hollow shaft-shaped joint, the core shaft is fixedly connected to the inner hole of the transformation joint, and the core tube is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the transformation joint.

[0007] In some embodiments, a first locking nut is further included, the core shaft is threadedly connected to the conversion joint, the first locking nut is threadedly connected to the core shaft and sleeved on the core shaft, and the first locking nut is arranged above the conversion joint and is closely arranged.

[0008] In some embodiments, a transmission joint is further included, and two ends of the transmission joint are respectively fixedly connected to the driving device and the coring outer tube.

[0009] In some embodiments, a bearing is further included, wherein the inner ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the core shaft, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the coring outer tube.

[0010] In some embodiments, a second locking nut is further included, wherein the second locking nut is sleeved on the core shaft and connected via threads, and the top of the second locking nut is arranged to fit the inner ring of the bearing.

[0011] In some embodiments, a plug is further included, which is fixedly disposed on the end of the core shaft close to the core tube and is used to seal the end of the core shaft close to the core tube, and a water outlet is provided on the side wall of the core shaft, and the water outlet is used to discharge drilling fluid.

[0012] In some embodiments, the drill bit includes a drill bit body and polycrystalline diamond composite blades, wherein the polycrystalline diamond composite blades are obliquely disposed at the end of the drill bit body and fixedly connected, and are evenly arranged along the circumference of the drill bit body.

[0013] In some embodiments, a core retaining spring and a retaining spring seat are further included, wherein the core retaining spring is fixedly disposed in the retaining spring seat, and the retaining spring seat is fixedly disposed at one end of the core tube close to the drill bit.

[0014] The present invention also provides a drilling rig, comprising the coring drill tool as described above.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0016] The two ends of the coring outer tube provided by the present invention are respectively connected to a driving device and a drill bit, the core shaft is rotatably arranged in the inner cavity of the coring outer tube, the core tube is fixedly connected to the core shaft, and the core tube is fitted to the inner wall of the coring outer tube, the inner diameter of the drill bit is not greater than 30 mm, and the inner diameter of the core tube is not less than the inner diameter of the drill bit, the core tube is arranged in the inner cavity of the coring outer tube and fits the inner wall, thereby ensuring the maximum diameter that the core tube can obtain, the inner diameter of the drill bit is not greater than 30 mm, and the inner diameter of the drill bit of conventional rope coring is not less than 36.5 mm, the inner diameter is smaller, the core drilling hole for shallow surface is smaller, the hole wall is more stable, and it can adapt to the coring of shallow surface geology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coring drill in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the drill bit in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1-transmission joint; 2-core shaft; 3-coring outer tube; 4-bearing; 5-second locking nut; 6-first locking nut; 7-conversion joint; 8-plug; 9-core tube; 10-core retaining spring; 11-retaining spring seat; 12-drill bit; 13-polycrystalline diamond composite blade; 14-drill bit body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a coring drill and a drilling rig to solve the problems existing in the prior art, which can be adapted to shallow geological coring and can ensure a large coring volume.

[0023] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Embodiment 1

[0025] like Figure 1-Figure 2As shown, the present invention provides a coring drill, including a coring outer tube 3, a core tube 9, a core shaft 2, a conversion joint 7 and a drill bit 12, the two ends of the coring outer tube 3 are connected to a driving device and a drill bit 12 respectively, the coring outer tube 3 can rotate relative to the core shaft, the core tube 9 is fixedly connected to the core shaft 2, the outer wall of the core tube 9 is arranged close to the inner wall of the coring outer tube 3 and there is a gap, the gap is not greater than 1mm, and the specific gap is an annular gap, which serves as a water flow space for drilling fluid and can allow the drilling fluid to flow, the inner diameter of the drill bit 12 is not greater than 30mm, and the inner diameter of the core tube 9 is not less than the inner diameter of the drill bit 12, preferably, the inner diameter of the core tube 9 is equal to the inner diameter of the drill bit 12. The core tube 9 is arranged in contact with the inner wall of the coring outer tube 3, so that the core tube 9 can obtain the largest possible diameter under given structural conditions. The core tube 9 with a larger diameter can accommodate a thicker core sample, which is helpful to obtain a more complete and representative core, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of geological analysis. The inner diameter of the drill bit 12 is not greater than 30 mm, which is smaller than the inner diameter of a conventional rope coring drill bit (not less than 36.5 mm). A smaller inner diameter of the drill bit means that the borehole diameter is smaller when coring at the shallow surface. A small diameter borehole causes less disturbance to the surrounding strata, and the borehole wall is more stable, reducing the probability of problems such as borehole wall collapse, and is more suitable for relatively soft or unstable geological conditions at the shallow surface.

[0026] In some embodiments, the coring drill tool further includes a conversion joint 7, which is a hollow shaft-shaped joint, the core shaft 2 is fixedly connected to the inner hole of the conversion joint 7, and the core tube 9 is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the conversion joint 7. The outer edge of the conversion joint 7 is fixedly connected to the core tube 9. Since the conversion joint 7 can be enlarged in diameter according to design requirements, it can provide a larger installation space for the core tube 9, thereby maximizing the diameter of the core tube 9. The core tube 9 with a larger diameter can obtain a thicker core sample, which is conducive to more accurate analysis of geological structures and properties. The design of the conversion joint 7 plays a role in diameter conversion. The diameter of the connection end of the conversion joint 7 and the core shaft 2 is small, which is convenient for stable connection with the core shaft 2; the diameter of the connection end of the conversion joint 7 and the core tube 9 is enlarged, which provides a larger diameter connection foundation for the core tube 9, which can not only ensure the connection stability between the components, but also make full use of the space to maximize the diameter of the core tube 9.

[0027] It should be noted that the conversion joint can also be in the shape of a stepped shaft, with the small end having a diameter close to that of the core shaft 2 and fixedly connected to the core shaft 2 , and the large end having a diameter close to that of the core tube 9 and fixedly connected to the core tube 9 .

[0028] In some embodiments, the coring drill also includes a first locking nut 6, and the core shaft 2 is threadedly connected to the conversion joint 7, which can ensure the coaxiality of the core shaft 2, the conversion joint 7 and the core tube 9 to a certain extent. The first locking nut 6 is threadedly connected to the core shaft 2 and sleeved on the core shaft 2, and the first locking nut 6 is arranged above the conversion joint 7 and is fitted, which can play a secondary tightening role for the connection between the core shaft 2 and the conversion joint 7, and effectively prevent the threaded connection between the core shaft 2 and the conversion joint 7 from loosening due to factors such as vibration and torque during the coring operation, thereby ensuring the structural stability of the entire coring drill during operation and ensuring the smooth progress of the coring work.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment, two first locking nuts 6 are provided at the upper and lower parts, arranged along the axial direction of the core shaft, and are closely arranged. The two first locking nuts 6 can further ensure the tight connection between the core shaft 2 and the conversion joint 7.

[0030] In some embodiments, the coring drill tool also includes a transmission joint 1, and the two ends of the transmission joint 1 are fixedly connected to the driving device and the coring outer tube 3 respectively. The transmission joint 1 can stably and efficiently transmit the power of the driving device to the coring outer tube 3. During the coring operation, the rotational power generated by the driving device is accurately transmitted to the coring outer tube 3 through the transmission joint 1, ensuring that the coring outer tube 3 can rotate according to the predetermined speed and torque, thereby ensuring that the drill bit 12 can effectively crush the rock and achieve the purpose of coring. It should be noted that the transmission joint 1 and the coring outer tube 3 and other structures of this embodiment can be made of 7075 aviation aluminum, which is light in weight, high in strength, corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant, and can be used for a long time in a more complex field environment.

[0031] In some embodiments, the coring drill also includes a bearing 4, the inner ring of the bearing 4 is fixedly connected to the core shaft 2, and the outer ring of the bearing 4 is fixedly connected to the coring outer tube 3. The bearing 4 enables the core shaft 2 and the coring outer tube 3 to rotate relatively independently. During the coring operation, the driving device drives the coring outer tube 3 to rotate, and the core shaft 2 can maintain a relatively stable rotation state through the support of the bearing 4, or rotate at different speeds as needed. The presence of the bearing 4 can reduce the direct friction between the core shaft 2 and the coring outer tube 3. In the absence of the bearing 4, the relative movement between the core shaft 2 and the coring outer tube 3 may cause severe friction and wear, which will not only reduce the service life of the equipment, but also may affect the normal progress of the coring operation. The bearing 4 transmits force and motion through the rolling of rolling bodies (such as balls, rollers, etc.), which can reduce wear between components, thereby extending the overall service life of the coring drill.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment, two bearings 4 are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the core shaft. The two bearings 4 arranged at intervals can share the force exerted on the core shaft 2 in the radial direction. During the coring operation, the drill bit 12 will generate a large radial reaction force when breaking the rock. Through the support of the two bearings 4, these forces can be more effectively dispersed, avoiding premature wear or damage of a single bearing 4 due to excessive radial load, thereby improving the overall load-bearing capacity and reliability of the coring drill.

[0033] In some embodiments, the coring drill tool further includes a second locking nut 5, which is sleeved on the mandrel 2 and threadedly connected to the mandrel 2, and the top of the second locking nut 5 is arranged in contact with the inner ring of the bearing 4. The second locking nut 5 can firmly fix the inner ring of the bearing 4 on the mandrel 2 to prevent the inner ring of the bearing 4 from axially moving relative to the mandrel 2 due to vibration, impact or axial force during the coring operation.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment, the mandrel 2 is in the shape of a stepped shaft, the large head of the mandrel 2 is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing 4, the small head of the mandrel 2 is fixedly connected to the conversion joint 7, and the second locking nut 5 is threadedly connected to the small head of the mandrel 2. The mandrel 2 is in the shape of a stepped shaft, and the large head has a larger diameter. When it is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing 4, it can provide a larger contact area, making the installation of the bearing 4 more stable and the positioning more accurate. The larger contact area can evenly distribute the load borne by the bearing 4, reduce local stress concentration, thereby extending the service life of the bearing 4 and improving the reliability of the coring drill.

[0035] In some embodiments, the coring drill also includes a plug 8, which is fixedly arranged at the end of the core shaft 2 near the core tube 9, and is used to seal the end of the core shaft 2 near the core tube 9, and a water outlet is arranged on the side wall of the core shaft 2, and the water outlet is used to discharge the drilling fluid between the core tube 9 and the coring outer tube 3, and finally discharged to the borehole through the water outlet on the drill bit. The presence of the plug 8 can prevent the drilling fluid from directly entering the core tube 9 and prevent the drilling fluid from contaminating the core sample. The drilling fluid may contain various chemical components and impurities. If it enters the core tube 9 and contacts the core, it may change the physical and chemical properties of the core and affect the accuracy of the geological analysis. The plug 8 can play an isolating role to ensure that the core sample is not adversely affected by the drilling fluid. The water outlet provided on the side wall of the core shaft 2 can enable the drilling fluid to be discharged smoothly, ensuring that the circulation path of the drilling fluid is unobstructed.

[0036] In some embodiments, the drill bit 12 includes a drill bit body 14 made of manganese steel and a polycrystalline diamond composite blade 13 (PDC composite blade), the polycrystalline diamond composite blade 13 is tilted and fixedly connected to the end of the drill bit body 14, and is evenly arranged along the circumference of the drill bit body 14. The inclined PDC composite blade has a more reasonable contact with the rock during drilling, and can cut into the rock at a more favorable angle, so that the cutting force acts on the rock more effectively, thereby improving the efficiency of crushing the rock. Compared with the vertical setting, the inclined blade can utilize the anisotropy of the rock, making it easier to crack and break the rock, especially when drilling hard rock or highly abrasive formations, which can significantly increase the drilling speed, and the inclined blade is less subject to resistance than the vertical blade and is not easy to fall. By equipping with a variety of types of drill bits, different situations such as soft formations, medium-hard formations and some hard formations can be dealt with.

[0037] In some embodiments, the coring drill tool further includes a core retaining spring 10 and a retaining spring seat 11. The core retaining spring 10 is fixedly disposed in the retaining spring seat 11. The retaining spring seat 11 is fixedly disposed at one end of the core tube 9 close to the drill bit. When the core enters the core tube 9, the core retaining spring 10 is in a retracted state. After the core enters the core tube 9, the core retaining spring 10 can tightly clamp the core. When the coring drill tool is lifted, the core retaining spring 10 can prevent the core from falling off the core tube 9, ensuring that the core sample is completely taken out, improving the success rate of coring and the integrity of the core, and providing a reliable sample for subsequent geological analysis.

[0038] Other general points need to be explained that the transmission joint 1 of this embodiment is connected to the coring outer tube 3 by threads, the mandrel 2 is connected to the conversion joint 7 by threads, the plug 8 is connected to the conversion joint 7 by threads and is sealed at the end of the mandrel 2, and the drill bit is connected to the coring outer tube 3 by threads. All threaded connections of this embodiment are connected by trapezoidal threads. The tooth profile design of the trapezoidal thread enables it to withstand large loads in both axial and radial directions. Its tooth profile angle and thread height are specially designed relative to ordinary threads, which can provide higher tensile, compressive and torsional strengths, ensuring that the pipeline connection is still firm and reliable under complex working conditions, such as high pressure, high torque and other environments, and it is not easy to cause thread stripping or breaking. The tooth profile structure of the trapezoidal thread can achieve a better sealing effect. When tightening the thread, the fit between the inner and outer threads is tight, which can effectively prevent the leakage of fluids (such as oil, natural gas, etc.). In addition, in some applications, it can also be used in conjunction with sealing grease or other sealing materials to further enhance the sealing performance, ensure the safety and reliability of the pipeline system, and reduce the waste of resources and environmental pollution risks caused by leakage.

[0039] Embodiment 2

[0040] This embodiment also provides a drilling rig, including the coring drill tool as described in the first embodiment, which can adapt to shallow surface geological coring and can ensure a large coring volume.

[0041] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A coring drill, characterized in that: It includes a coring outer tube, a core tube, a core shaft and a drill bit, wherein the two ends of the coring outer tube are respectively connected to a driving device and a drill bit, the core shaft is rotatably arranged in the inner cavity of the coring outer tube, the core tube is fixedly connected to the core shaft, the outer wall of the core tube is arranged close to the inner wall of the coring outer tube and there is a gap, the gap is not greater than 1 mm, the inner diameter of the drill bit is not greater than 30 mm, and the inner diameter of the core tube is not less than the inner diameter of the drill bit.

2. The coring drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a conversion joint, which is a hollow shaft-shaped joint, the core shaft is fixedly connected to the inner hole of the conversion joint, and the core tube is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the conversion joint.

3. The coring drill according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a first locking nut, the core shaft is threadedly connected to the conversion joint, the first locking nut is threadedly connected to the core shaft and sleeved on the core shaft, and the first locking nut is arranged above the conversion joint and is closely arranged.

4. The coring drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a transmission joint, and two ends of the transmission joint are respectively fixedly connected to the driving device and the coring outer tube.

5. The coring drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a bearing, the inner ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the core shaft, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the coring outer tube.

6. The coring drill according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a second locking nut, which is sleeved on the core shaft and connected through threads, and the top of the second locking nut is arranged to fit the inner ring of the bearing.

7. The coring drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a plug, which is fixedly arranged at the end of the core shaft close to the core tube and is used to seal the end of the core shaft close to the core tube. A water outlet is arranged on the side wall of the core shaft and is used to discharge drilling fluid.

8. The coring drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill bit comprises a drill bit body and polycrystalline diamond composite blades. The polycrystalline diamond composite blades are obliquely arranged at the end of the drill bit body and fixedly connected, and are evenly arranged along the circumference of the drill bit body.

9. The coring drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a core retaining spring and a retaining spring seat, wherein the core retaining spring is fixedly arranged in the retaining spring seat, and the retaining spring seat is fixedly arranged at one end of the core tube close to the drill bit.

10. A drilling rig, characterized in that: It comprises the coring drill tool as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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