Jet liquid pushing type self-guiding drill bit

Abstract

The invention discloses a jet fluid pushing type self-guiding drill bit which comprises a drill bit assembly, a drilling part, a gauge protection part and a drill body part which are sequentially connected, a blade and a drilling nozzle are arranged on the drilling part, a plurality of pushing nozzle rows are arranged on the gauge protection part at intervals in the circumferential direction, each pushing nozzle row comprises at least one pushing nozzle, and the drilling body part is provided with a plurality of pushing nozzles; a drilling fluid flow channel communicated with the drilling nozzle and the pushing nozzle is formed in the drill bit assembly; the rotary inner cylinder is arranged in the drilling fluid flow channel of the gauge protection part, an overflowing hole row is formed in the side wall of the rotary inner cylinder, and the overflowing hole row comprises at least one overflowing hole; the measurement and control assembly is arranged on the drill body part in a sealed mode, and the measurement and control assembly comprises a near-bit measurement module, a data processing module, a regulation and control module and a power module; and the regulation and control module can control the rotary inner cylinder to rotate to a target position relative to the drill bit assembly based on real-time parameters obtained by the near-bit measurement module, so that the drill bit assembly can drill and deflect in the target drilling direction under the counter-acting force of the jet flow of the jet flow liquid pushing the well wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling, and particularly relates to a jet liquid-pushing self-guiding bit. Background Art

[0002] At present, the dynamic pushing rotary steering technology represented by Schlumberger's Power-Drive rotary steering is the core means to achieve complex wellbore trajectory control. In this technology, the bias mechanism rotates with the drill string, and the telescopic wing ribs of the bias mechanism are used to push against the wellbore wall to realize the process of directional drilling.

[0003] Although this technology reduces the sliding friction by making the bias mechanism rotate with the drill string, thus reducing the frictional resistance, during the drilling process, since the wing ribs are always in an active state, fatigue damage and dropping of moving parts are likely to occur under the background of complex downhole conditions, which affects the drilling efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a jet liquid-pushing self-guiding bit, which solves the problem that the wing ribs are prone to fatigue damage in the prior art when using the telescopic wing ribs of the bias mechanism to push against the wellbore wall to realize the directional drilling of the bit, thus affecting the drilling efficiency.

[0005] The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a jet liquid-pushing self-guiding bit, comprising: a bit assembly, having a drilling part, a gauge part and a drill body part connected in sequence, wherein the drilling part is provided with cutter wings and drilling nozzles, the gauge part is circumferentially and spacedly provided with a plurality of pushing nozzle rows, each pushing nozzle row comprises at least one pushing nozzle, and a drilling fluid flow passage communicating with the drilling nozzles and the pushing nozzles is formed inside the bit assembly; a rotating inner cylinder, arranged in the drilling fluid flow passage of the gauge part, and an over-flow hole row comprising at least one over-flow hole is arranged on the side wall of the rotating inner cylinder; a measurement and control assembly, hermetically arranged on the drill body part, and the measurement and control assembly comprises a near-bit measurement module, a data processing module, a regulation module and a power supply module; the regulation module can control the rotating inner cylinder to rotate relative to the bit assembly to a target position based on the real-time parameters obtained by the near-bit measurement module, and at the target position, the over-flow holes in the over-flow hole row are correspondingly aligned with the pushing nozzles in the pushing nozzle row facing away from the target drilling direction, so that the bit assembly can drill and deflect along the target drilling direction under the reaction force of the jet liquid jet pushing against the wellbore wall.

[0007] Preferably, the near-bit measurement module includes at least one first sensor assembly for real-time monitoring of near-bit drilling parameters, which at least include drilling parameters and formation characteristic parameters; the data processing module is used for real-time storing and analyzing the near-bit drilling parameters to obtain a data processing result, and sending a control command to the control module according to the data processing result; the control module is used for controlling the relative rotation of the rotary inner barrel to the target position relative to the bit assembly according to the control command; the power supply module is used for supplying power to the jet-fluid-pushed self-steering bit.

[0008] Preferably, along the axial direction of the bit assembly, the pushing nozzle row includes a plurality of pushing nozzles arranged at intervals, and a first sealing ring cavity is formed between the end of the rotary inner barrel close to the drill body part and the pushing nozzle close to this end, and a driving member for driving the rotation of the rotary inner barrel is accommodated in the first sealing ring cavity, and the driving member is electrically connected to the control module.

[0009] Preferably, the rotary inner barrel is hermetically embedded in the drilling fluid flow channel of the gauge protection part through a slide rail ring gasket, the slide rail ring gasket is provided with a slide track, and the rotary inner barrel is seated in the slide track and can rotate along the slide track under the drive of the driving member.

[0010] Preferably, there are 3 pushing nozzle rows, and the 3 pushing nozzle rows are evenly spaced in the circumferential direction of the gauge protection part, and along the circumferential direction of the bit assembly, the pushing nozzle row and the drilling nozzle are arranged at intervals; each pushing nozzle row includes 2 pushing nozzles arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the bit assembly.

[0011] Preferably, each pushing nozzle row is arranged on the gauge protection block of the gauge protection part, and the calculation formula for the pushing force received by the wellbore under the jet of the pushing nozzle is as follows: In the above formula, F is the pushing force received by the wellbore under the jet of a single pushing nozzle, with the unit of N; L is the drill string length, with the unit of m; D is the bit diameter, with the unit of m; v is the jet fluid velocity, with the unit of m / s; d is the pushing nozzle diameter, with the unit of mm; ε is the flow coefficient; ρ is the jet fluid density.

[0012] Preferably, the injection pressure of the pushing nozzle is at least 1.2 times that of the drilling nozzle.

[0013] Preferably, the flow channel cross-sectional area of the end of the rotary inner barrel close to the drilling part is 1.2 to 1.5 times that of the flow channel cross-sectional area of the flow-through hole.

[0014] Preferably, the drill bit assembly includes a drill bit body, a sub short section, and a sleeve short section. The drilling section and the gauge protection section are located on the drill bit body. The sub short section is connected to the upper end of the drill bit body. The sleeve short section is sealingly sleeved on the outer periphery of the sub short section to form the drill body section. A second sealing ring cavity is formed between the sleeve short section and the sub short section, and the measurement and control assembly is arranged in the second sealing ring cavity.

[0015] Preferably, the jet fluid push - type self - guiding drill bit further includes a communication sub short section. The communication sub short section is arranged at the upper end of the sub short section. A second sensor assembly is arranged on the communication sub short section, which is used to receive the data processing result and send it to the ground receiving system. At the same time, it receives the feedback signal from the ground receiving system and sends it to the data processing module.

[0016] The features and advantages of the present invention are as follows: The jet fluid push - type self - guiding drill bit provided by the present invention uses the jet fluid injection to apply a pushing force to the wellbore wall, and at the same time, the wellbore wall provides a reaction force to the drill bit, enabling the drill bit to drill and deflect along the target drilling direction, capable of reducing the curvature radius, achieving a high build - up rate without affecting the lateral performance of the bottom hole assembly itself, and ensuring the long - term stable drill bit guiding function, thereby improving the rock - breaking efficiency of the drill bit and prolonging the service life of the drill bit. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a three - dimensional structural schematic diagram of the jet fluid push - type self - guiding drill bit provided in the embodiment of the present invention in the state without a communication sub short section;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a three - dimensional structural schematic diagram of the jet fluid push - type self - guiding drill bit provided in the embodiment of the present invention in the state with a communication sub short section;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a planar structural schematic diagram of the drill bit body in the jet fluid push - type self - guiding drill bit provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the flow - through holes on the rotating inner cylinder and the inlet of the push - type nozzle flow path on the gauge protection section in the jet fluid push - type self - guiding drill bit provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Explanation of the Reference Numerals in the Drawings:

[0023] 1. Bit assembly; 11. Bit body; 12. Sub short joint; 13. Sleeve short joint; 14. Blade; 15. Drilling nozzle; 16. Pushing nozzle;

[0024] 2. Rotating inner cylinder; 21. Flow hole;

[0025] 3. Measurement and control assembly; 31. Near-bit measurement module; 32. Data processing module; 33. Regulation module; 34. Power supply module;

[0026] 4. Slide rail ring gasket;

[0027] 5. Sealing ring;

[0028] 6. Communication short joint; 61. Accommodating groove;

[0029] a. Inner wall surface of the gauge protection section; b. Inlet of the flow channel of the pushing nozzle. Specific embodiments

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, the present invention provides a jet fluid pushing type self-guiding bit, including a bit assembly 1, a rotating inner cylinder 2 and a measurement and control assembly 3. Among them, the bit assembly 1 has a drilling section, a gauge protection section and a drill body section connected in sequence. The drilling section is spirally provided with blades 14 and drilling nozzles 15. Multiple PDC cutting teeth are arranged on the blades 14 for cutting and breaking rock. Multiple pushing nozzle rows are circumferentially spaced on the gauge protection section. The pushing nozzle row includes at least one pushing nozzle 16. A drilling fluid flow channel communicating with the drilling nozzles 15 and the pushing nozzles 16 is formed inside the bit assembly 1. The rotating inner cylinder 2 is arranged in the drilling fluid flow channel of the gauge protection section. An array of flow holes is arranged on the side wall of the rotating inner cylinder 2. The array of flow holes includes at least one flow hole 21. The measurement and control assembly 3 is hermetically arranged on the drill body section. The measurement and control assembly 3 includes a near-bit measurement module 31, a data processing module 32, a regulation module 33 and a power supply module 34. The regulation module 33 can control the relative rotation of the rotating inner cylinder 2 to the target position based on the real-time parameters obtained by the near-bit measurement module 31. At the target position, the flow holes 21 in the array of flow holes are correspondingly aligned with the pushing nozzles 16 in the pushing nozzle row facing away from the target drilling direction, so that the bit assembly 1 can drill and deflect along the target drilling direction under the reaction force of the jet pushing against the wellbore.

[0032] Among them, the tail of the cutter blade 14 extends to the gauge protection part to form a gauge protection block. Preferably, each thrust nozzle 16 is arranged in a row on the gauge protection block to realize the integration of the thrust nozzle 16 and the cutter blade 14, so that the curvature radius is smaller when the drill bit deflects and drills, and a higher drilling rate can be obtained.

[0033] The jet-fluid-thrust self-guiding drill bit provided by the present invention uses the jet fluid injection to apply a thrust force to the wellbore wall, and at the same time the wellbore wall provides a reaction force to the drill bit, so that the drill bit deflects and drills along the target drilling direction, which can reduce the curvature radius and achieve a high build rate without affecting the lateral performance of the bottom hole assembly itself, while ensuring the long-term stable drill bit guiding function, thereby improving the rock-breaking efficiency of the drill bit and prolonging the service life of the drill bit.

[0034] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, a threaded structure is provided on the drill body part of the drill bit assembly 1 to facilitate the connection of the drill pipe or drill collar. During the drilling process using the jet-fluid-thrust self-guiding drill bit, the near-bit measurement module 31 monitors and obtains the parameters of the current well inclination angle, the current azimuth angle, and the formation rock lithology in real time, and sends them to the data processing module 32. The data processing module 32 screens and determines the target well inclination angle and the target azimuth angle according to the received parameters, and calculates the corresponding differences between the target well inclination angle and the current well inclination angle, and between the target azimuth angle and the current azimuth, to obtain the well inclination deviation and the azimuth deviation. Subsequently, the well inclination deviation and the azimuth deviation are respectively compared with zero, and corresponding control signals are sent to the regulation module 33 according to the comparison results. The regulation module 33 controls the rotation of the rotary inner barrel 2 relative to the drill bit assembly 1 to the target position according to the received control signals, so as to realize the deflection and drilling of the drill bit along the target drilling direction by jet-fluid-thrusting against the wellbore wall. Among them, when the rotary inner barrel 2 rotates relative to the drill bit assembly 1 to the target position, the state of the flow-through hole 21 cooperating with the thrust nozzle flow channel inlet b on the inner wall surface a of the gauge protection part is shown in Figure 4 shown.

[0035] Exemplarily, when the well deviation is greater than zero, the data processing module 32 sends an inclination increasing signal to the regulation module 33, and the regulation module 33 controls the rotation of the rotating inner barrel 2 relative to the bit assembly 1 until the flow holes 21 in the flow hole row are aligned with the push nozzles 16 in the push nozzle row located in the low side direction of the wellbore. At this time, part of the jet liquid in the drilling fluid flow channel passes through the flow holes 21 and sprays out from the push nozzles 16 to apply a pushing force to the wellbore wall. At the same time, the wellbore wall provides a reaction force (steering force) pointing to the high side of the wellbore for the bit, causing the bit to drill and deflect along the target drilling direction; when the well deviation is less than zero, the data processing module 32 sends an inclination decreasing signal to the regulation module 33, and the regulation module 33 controls the rotation of the rotating inner barrel 2 relative to the bit assembly 1 until the flow holes 21 in the flow hole row are aligned with the push nozzles 16 in the push nozzle row located in the high side direction of the wellbore. At this time, part of the jet liquid in the drilling fluid flow channel passes through the flow holes 21 and sprays out from the push nozzles 16 to apply a pushing force to the wellbore wall. At the same time, the wellbore wall provides a reaction force (steering force) pointing to the low side of the wellbore for the bit, causing the bit to drill and deflect along the target drilling direction. In this embodiment, the control process of the azimuth deviation is the same as that of the well deviation.

[0036] Preferably, the data processing module 32 determines the included angle between the projection of the required steering force direction onto the bit rotation plane (perpendicular to the bit axis) and each push nozzle row, and takes the azimuth where the push nozzle row with the largest included angle is located as the target position. It determines the included angle between the current flow hole row and the target position and sends a corresponding angle control signal to the regulation module 33. The regulation module 33 controls the rotation of the rotating inner barrel 2 according to the received angle control signal to align the flow holes 21 in its flow hole row with the push nozzles 16 in the push nozzle row at the target position. In this embodiment, while receiving the parameter data sent by the near-bit measurement module 31, the data processing module 32 sends a bit stop signal to the regulation module 33 to control the bit to stop rotating to ensure the accuracy of jet liquid jet pushing for steering. Among them, the rotating inner barrel 2 has an initial position relative to the bit assembly 1. At the initial position, the flow holes 21 in the flow hole row on the rotating inner barrel 2 are aligned with the push nozzles 16 in one of the push nozzle rows.

[0037] Preferably, the jet liquid is high-pressure water, which is beneficial for cleaning the bottom of the well, improving the cuttings transport efficiency, preventing cuttings accumulation, and thus improving the mechanical drilling rate.

[0038] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the near-bit measurement module 31 includes at least one first sensor assembly for real-time monitoring of near-bit drilling parameters, which at least include drilling parameters and formation characteristic parameters; the data processing module 32 is used for real-time storing and analyzing the near-bit drilling parameters, obtaining a data processing result, and sending a control command to the control module 33 according to the data processing result; the control module 33 is used for controlling the rotation of the rotating inner cylinder 2 relative to the bit assembly 1 to a target position according to the control command; the power supply module 34 is used for supplying power to the jet fluid-pushed self-steering bit. Among them, the drilling parameters at least include the current well inclination angle and the current azimuth angle; the formation characteristic parameters at least include the properties of formation rocks and the tensile and compressive strengths of formation rocks. Preferably, the data processing module 32 at least includes a CPU, a memory module, and a calculation and analysis model. Specifically, the data processing module 32 identifies the lithology based on the above-mentioned formation characteristic parameters and screens out the required drilling parameters including the target well inclination angle and the target azimuth angle when the bit builds a well slope. As a preference, the first sensor assembly may include a weight-on-bit sensor assembly, a rotary speed sensor assembly, a gamma sensor assembly, etc.

[0039] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, along the axial direction of the bit assembly 1, the push-against nozzle row includes a plurality of push-against nozzles 16 arranged at intervals. A first seal ring 5 cavity is formed between the end of the rotating inner cylinder 2 close to the drill body part and the push-against nozzle 16 close to this end. A driving member for driving the rotation of the rotating inner cylinder 2 is accommodated in the first seal ring 5 cavity, and the driving member is electrically connected to the control module 33. By arranging the driving member in the first seal ring 5 cavity that can isolate fluids such as jet fluid and drilling fluid under certain pressure conditions, the optimal use performance of the driving member is ensured. In this embodiment, the driving member is a driving motor.

[0040] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotating inner cylinder 2 is hermetically embedded in the drilling fluid flow channel of the gauge protection part through a slide rail ring gasket 4. The slide rail ring gasket 4 is provided with a slide track, and the rotating inner cylinder 2 is seated in the slide track and can rotate along the slide track under the drive of the driving member. By arranging a slide track on the slide rail ring gasket 4 that cooperates with the rotating inner cylinder 2, the movement resistance of the rotating inner cylinder 2 is reduced, and its service life is prolonged. Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, along the gravity direction, a slide rail ring gasket 4 is provided at the end (top end) of the rotating inner cylinder 2 close to the drill body part. A sealed connection is formed between the slide rail ring gasket 4 and the top end of the rotating inner cylinder 2, and a sealed connection is formed between the outer wall of the slide rail ring gasket 4 and the gauge protection part. A seal ring 5 that is hermetically connected between the rotating inner cylinder 2 and the gauge protection part is provided at the upper end of the push-against nozzle 16 close to the top end of the rotating inner cylinder 2. In this way, a first seal ring 5 cavity is formed among the rotating inner cylinder 2, the seal ring 5, the gauge protection part, and the slide rail ring gasket 4 for accommodating the driving member for driving the rotation of the rotating inner cylinder 2.

[0041] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there are 3 sets of pushing nozzles, which are evenly spaced circumferentially on the gauge protection part. Along the circumferential direction of the bit assembly 1, the sets of pushing nozzles are arranged at intervals with the drilling nozzles 15 to ensure that all the jet liquid flowing out through the flow holes 21 under the pushing and guiding state is sprayed onto the wellbore wall through the pushing nozzles 16; each set of pushing nozzles includes 2 pushing nozzles 16 arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the bit assembly 1 to obtain a better pushing and guiding effect. Preferably, the jet direction of each pushing nozzle 16 is the same as the radial direction of the bit assembly 1 to facilitate the jet pushing and guiding of the bit assembly 1.

[0042] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each set of pushing nozzles is arranged on the gauge protection blocks of the gauge protection part, which is beneficial to shortening the total length of the drill string while taking into account the stability of the drill string and the inclination ability, improving the cooling effect of the bit and the well bottom cleaning effect. The calculation formula for the pushing force exerted on the wellbore wall by the jet of the pushing nozzle 16 is as follows: In the above formula, F is the pushing force exerted on the wellbore wall by the jet of a single pushing nozzle 16, with the unit of N; L is the length of the drill string, with the unit of m; D is the bit diameter, with the unit of m; v is the flow velocity of the jet liquid, with the unit of m / s; d is the diameter of the pushing nozzle 16, with the unit of mm; ε is the flow coefficient, generally taking values of 0.5 - 0.8; ρ is the density of the jet liquid, generally taking values of 1 - 1.5 g / cm 3 .

[0043] Specifically, while the wellbore wall is subjected to the pushing force generated by the jet of the pushing nozzle 16, a reaction force (guiding force) F' will be generated on the bit. F' is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to F. As can be seen from the above formula, after the structure of the jet liquid pushing self-guiding bit is determined, the guiding force can be adjusted by adaptively changing the flow velocity and / or density of the jet liquid.

[0044] Furthermore, the length of the gauge protection block can be appropriately increased and the width of the gauge protection block can be reduced to improve the bit strength, stability and inclination ability. Specifically, the calculation formula for the inclination rate of the bit under the jet of the pushing nozzle 16 is as follows: In the above formula, K is the inclination rate of the bit under the jet of 2 pushing nozzles 16; N is the number of cutter wings 14; L b is the length of the gauge protection block, with the unit of mm; λ is the stiffness of the drill string, with the unit of N / m 2 , and μ is the friction coefficient between the bit and the formation, generally taking values of 0.2 - 0.6.

[0045] Since an overly small width of the gauge protection block will reduce the contact area with the wellbore wall and thus reduce the stability of the drill string, the generally recommended value for the length of the gauge protection block is L b = 0.15 - 0.25D. For example, under an 8 1 / 2 inches wellbore, the length of the gauge protection block is preferably 30 - 50 mm.

[0046] Specifically, the calculation formula for the stability of the drill bit under the jet flow of the thrust nozzle 16 is as follows: In the above formula, S is the stability of the drill bit under the jet flow of 2 thrust nozzles 16, and the preferred design value is generally greater than 1.2; W b is the width of the gauge protection block, with the unit of mm; σ is the formation compressive strength, with the unit of MP a . Among them, to prevent the accumulation of cuttings caused by the over-wide gauge protection block and affect the mechanical drilling speed, the following constraint condition formula needs to be satisfied between the width of the gauge protection block and the drill bit diameter: W b <0.3D.

[0047] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, along the axial direction of the drill bit assembly 1, at least part of the flow channel inlet of the drilling nozzle 15 is located between the end of the rotating inner cylinder 2 close to the drilling part and the cavity of the first sealing ring 5, so as to ensure that when the drill bit assembly 1 does not need to be pushed and guided, the jet liquid flowing into the space between the rotating inner cylinder 2 and the gauge protection part through the flow hole 21 can quickly shoot out from the drilling nozzle 15, ensuring the bottom hole cleaning effect in the non-push-guided state.

[0048] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, to obtain sufficient guiding force and realize the rapid guiding of the drill bit assembly 1, the jet pressure of the thrust nozzle 16 is at least 1.2 times that of the drilling nozzle 15. Preferably, different diameter-reducing structures can be set in the thrust nozzle 16 and the drilling nozzle 15 so that the jet pressure of the thrust nozzle 16 is at least 1.2 times that of the drilling nozzle 15.

[0049] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flow channel cross-sectional area at the end of the rotating inner cylinder 2 close to the drilling part is 1.2 to 1.5 times that of the flow channel cross-sectional area passing through the flow hole 21. In this way, it is ensured that the jet liquid diversion in the drilling fluid flow channel can simultaneously meet the usage requirements of the drilling nozzle 15 and the thrust nozzle 16.

[0050] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, the drill bit assembly 1 includes a drill bit body 11, a sub short joint 12 and a sleeve sub short joint 13. The drilling part and the gauge protection part are located on the drill bit body 11. The sub short joint 12 is connected to the upper end of the drill bit body 11. The sleeve sub short joint 13 is hermetically sleeved on the outer periphery of the sub short joint 12 to form a drill body part. A cavity of the second sealing ring 5 is formed between the sleeve sub short joint 13 and the sub short joint 12, and a measurement and control assembly 3 is arranged in the cavity of the second sealing ring 5. The cavity of the second sealing ring 5 can isolate fluids such as jet liquid and drilling fluid under certain pressure conditions to realize the waterproof protection of the measurement and control assembly 3. Among them, an external thread structure is formed at the upper end of the sub short joint 12.

[0051] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the jet-fluid-pushed self-guiding bit further includes a communication sub 6, which is arranged at the upper end of the joint sub 12. A second sensor assembly is provided on the communication sub 6 for receiving the data processing result and sending it to the ground receiving system, so as to facilitate the operator to monitor the downhole situation. At the same time, it is used to receive the feedback signal from the ground receiving system and send it to the data processing module 32. Exemplarily, as Figure 2 shown, the communication sub 6 has a cylindrical body, and its inner wall is formed with an internal thread structure that matches the external thread structure on the joint sub 12. Three circumferentially evenly distributed accommodation grooves 61 are provided on the cylindrical body for accommodating the second sensor assembly. Two of the second sensor assemblies are used to transmit the data processing result of the data processing module 32 to the ground receiving system for recording and storage to improve the accuracy of information transmission. The other is used to transmit the feedback signal from the ground receiving system to the data processing module 32 to trigger the data processing module 32 to send the next data processing result to the communication sub 6. Preferably, a communication sub 6 is provided every 1 kilometer from the joint sub 12 to the wellhead. Its two ends are connected to the drill string, which is used to receive the information transmitted by the previous communication sub 6 and strengthen it to ensure the fidelity of the information received by the ground receiving system.

[0052] Based on the above description, the jet-fluid-pushed self-guiding bit provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0053] The jet-fluid-pushed self-guiding bit provided by the embodiment of the present invention uses the jet fluid injection to apply a pushing force to the wellbore wall, and at the same time the wellbore wall provides a reaction force to the bit, so that the bit drills and deflects along the target drilling direction, which can reduce the curvature radius and achieve a high build rate without affecting the lateral performance of the bottom hole assembly itself. At the same time, it ensures the long-term stable bit guiding function, thereby improving the rock-breaking efficiency of the bit and extending the service life of the bit; at the same time, the push nozzle 16 is arranged on the gauge protection section, which helps to shorten the total length of the drill string, improve the cooling effect of the bit, improve the bottom hole cleaning effect, and increase the mechanical drilling speed; and, the rotating inner cylinder 2 is hermetically embedded in the drilling fluid flow channel of the gauge protection section through the slide rail gasket 4, and a slide track matching the rotating inner cylinder 2 is provided on the slide rail gasket 4 to reduce the movement resistance of the rotating inner cylinder 2 and extend its service life; in addition, at least part of the flow channel inlet of the drilling nozzle 15 is located between the end of the rotating inner cylinder 2 close to the drilling section and the first sealing ring 5 cavity, so as to ensure that when the bit assembly 1 does not need to be pushed and guided, the jet fluid flowing into the space between the rotating inner cylinder 2 and the gauge protection section through the flow hole 21 can quickly shoot out from the drilling nozzle 15 to ensure the bottom hole cleaning effect in the non-pushed and guided state.

[0054] The above are only several embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention according to the content disclosed in the application documents.

Claims

1. A jet liquid push-against self-guided drill bit, characterized in that, Comprising: A bit assembly having a drilling section, a gauge section, and a drill body section connected in sequence. Blades and drilling nozzles are arranged on the drilling section. A plurality of thrust nozzle rows are circumferentially spaced on the gauge section. Each thrust nozzle row includes at least one thrust nozzle. A drilling fluid flow path communicating with the drilling nozzles and the thrust nozzles is formed inside the bit assembly. A rotating inner cylinder disposed in the drilling fluid flow path at the gauge section. An array of flow holes including at least one flow hole is provided on the side wall of the rotating inner cylinder. A measurement and control assembly hermetically disposed on the drill body section. The measurement and control assembly includes a near-bit measurement module, a data processing module, a control module, and a power supply module. The control module can control the relative rotation of the rotating inner cylinder to a target position with respect to the bit assembly based on real-time parameters obtained by the near-bit measurement module. At the target position, the flow holes in the array of flow holes are aligned with the thrust nozzles in the thrust nozzle row facing away from the target drilling direction, so that the bit assembly can drill and deflect along the target drilling direction under the reaction force of the jet fluid jet pushing against the wellbore wall.

2. The jet liquid push-against self-guided drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The near-bit measurement module includes at least one first sensor assembly for real-time monitoring of near-bit drilling parameters, and the near-bit drilling parameters at least include drilling parameters and formation characteristic parameters. The data processing module is used for real-time storing and analyzing the near-bit drilling parameters, obtaining a data processing result, and sending a control command to the control module according to the data processing result. The control module is used for controlling the relative rotation of the rotating inner cylinder to a target position with respect to the bit assembly according to the control command. The power supply module is used for supplying power to the jet fluid thrust self-guiding bit.

3. The jet liquid-pushed self-guided drill bit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Axially along the bit assembly, the thrust nozzle row includes a plurality of thrust nozzles arranged at intervals. A first sealing ring cavity is formed between the end of the rotating inner cylinder close to the drill body section and the thrust nozzle close to this end. A driving member for driving the rotation of the rotating inner cylinder is accommodated in the first sealing ring cavity, and the driving member is electrically connected to the control module.

4. The jet liquid push-against self-guided drill bit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotating inner cylinder is hermetically embedded in the drilling fluid flow path of the gauge section through a slide rail ring gasket. The slide rail ring gasket is provided with a slide rail, and the rotating inner cylinder is seated in the slide rail and can rotate along the slide rail under the drive of the driving member.

5. The jet liquid push-type self-guiding drill bit according to claim 3, characterized in that There are 3 thrust nozzle rows, and the 3 thrust nozzle rows are evenly spaced circumferentially on the gauge section. And in the circumferential direction of the bit assembly, the thrust nozzle row is spaced from the drilling nozzle; each thrust nozzle row includes 2 thrust nozzles arranged at intervals along the axis direction of the bit assembly.

6. The jet fluid push-against self-guiding drill bit according to claim 1, wherein Each of the pushing nozzle rows is arranged on the diameter retaining block of the diameter retaining portion, and the calculation formula for the pushing force received by the wellbore under the pushing nozzle jet is as follows: In the above formula, F is the thrust force exerted on the wellbore wall by the jet of a single thrust nozzle, with the unit of N; L is the length of the drill string, with the unit of m; D is the bit diameter, with the unit of m; v is the flow velocity of the jet fluid, with the unit of m / s; d is the diameter of the thrust nozzle, with the unit of mm; ε is the flow coefficient; ρ is the density of the jet fluid.

7. The jet fluid pushing and self-guiding drill bit according to claim 1, wherein, The injection pressure of the thrust nozzle is at least 1.2 times that of the drilling nozzle.

8. The jet liquid push-against self-guided drill bit according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of the flow channel at the end of the rotating inner cylinder close to the drilling part is 1.2 to 1.5 times that of the flow channel of the flow-through hole.

9. The jet liquid pushing self-guided drill bit according to claim 2, wherein The drill bit assembly includes a drill bit body, a sub short joint, and a sleeve short joint. The drilling part and the gauge protection part are located on the drill bit body. The sub short joint is connected to the upper end of the drill bit body. The sleeve short joint is hermetically sleeved on the outer periphery of the sub short joint to form the drill body part. A second sealing ring cavity is formed between the sleeve short joint and the sub short joint, and the measurement and control assembly is arranged in the second sealing ring cavity.

10. The jet fluid push-type self-guiding drill bit according to claim 9, wherein The jet liquid push-type self-guiding drill bit further includes a communication sub, which is arranged at the upper end of the sub short joint. A second sensor assembly is arranged on the communication sub for receiving the data processing result and sending it to the ground receiving system. At the same time, it receives the feedback signal of the ground receiving system and sends it to the data processing module.

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