Cable clustering perforation and electric rotation directional multiplexing safety circuit and working method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cable conveying perforation operation, and relates to a cable clustering perforation and electric rotation directional multiplexing safety circuit and a working method. The multiplexing safety circuit comprises a main control unit, a mode conversion circuit and a power supply module, the mode conversion circuit comprises a first switch driving circuit and a second switch driving circuit; the cable core of the single-core cable is connected with the perforation branch and the electric rotary orientation branch; the electric rotary orientation branch is connected with an electric rotary orientation tool; and the perforating branches are connected with the clustering perforating guns. According to the invention, the problems of matched operation of an existing electric rotary orientation tool and clustering perforation and electrical safety of a clustering perforation gun string in the operation process are solved, and the reliability is high; the perforating gun string is rotated to a specified angle, so that front-stage large voltage and current can be effectively isolated, and the safety of the perforating gun string is ensured; the optical fiber is prevented from being mistakenly shot during perforation, and a duct condition for injecting fluid into a stratum is provided for segmented multi-stage fracturing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cable-transported perforating operations, and in particular relates to a cable cluster perforating and electric rotary directional multiplexing safety circuit and a working method. Background Art

[0002] Unconventional oil and gas reservoirs such as shale gas and tight oil and gas are adsorbed or free in mudstone interlayers rich in organic matter. With the development of intelligent completion and logging technology in shale oil and gas well development, the fiber optic arrangement technology outside the casing has been applied in domestic oil fields. The fiber-avoiding cluster perforating system is a system used in cable-transmitted perforating operations to avoid the position of the fiber outside the casing by rotating the directional tool and perform cluster perforating operations.

[0003] Currently in the oil and gas well industry, the impact of the rotary directional tool on the perforating gun string when it is coordinated with the cable cluster perforating is not considered, and the electrical safety of the lower-level perforating guns cannot be guaranteed. The accidental introduction of strong electricity from the upper end into the perforating gun string can easily cause erroneous perforation. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a cable cluster perforating and electric rotation directional multiplexing safety circuit and working method, including a main control unit, a mode conversion circuit and a power module;

[0005] The power module is electrically connected to the power input terminal of the main control unit;

[0006] The mode conversion circuit includes a first switch driving circuit and a second switch driving circuit;

[0007] The single-core cable core is connected to the perforation branch and the electric rotary directional branch; the electric rotary directional branch is connected to the electric rotary directional tool; the perforation branch is provided with an overvoltage protection circuit;

[0008] The first output end of the main control unit is connected to the perforation branch through the first switch driving circuit; the perforation branch is connected to the cluster perforating gun;

[0009] The second output terminal of the main control unit is connected to the electric rotation directional branch through a second switch driving circuit;

[0010] The power supply module is electrically connected to the power supply input terminal of the main control unit, the power supply input terminal of the first switch driving circuit, and the power supply input terminal of the first switch driving circuit.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a cable cluster perforating and electric rotation directional multiplexing safety circuit working method, comprising:

[0012] Connect and assemble the reused safety circuit nipple, the electric rotary directional tool and the cluster perforating gun string on the ground, and transport the connected and assembled tool string to the preset depth of each perforating point through a single-core cable;

[0013] The main control unit sends a first control instruction to the second switch driving circuit, and the cable cluster perforating and electric rotary directional multiplexing safety circuit switches to the electric rotary directional branch and supplies power to the electric rotary directional tool. The electric rotary directional tool rotates the cluster perforating gun to a preset angle according to the perforating angle data sent from the ground.

[0014] The main control unit sends a second control instruction to the first switch drive circuit, and the safety circuit of cluster perforation and electric rotation directional multiplexing is switched to the perforation branch, and the cluster perforating gun is powered to control the preset target cluster perforating gun in the well to ignite and perforate;

[0015] The main control unit repeatedly sends the first control instruction and the second control instruction in a loop until all clustered perforating guns are ignited and perforated.

[0016] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0017] Furthermore, the cable cluster perforating and electric rotary directional multiplexing safety circuit is arranged in the multiplexing safety circuit short section; the multiplexing safety circuit short section, the electric rotary directional tool and a plurality of cluster perforating guns are sequentially connected in series.

[0018] Furthermore, the first switch driving circuit includes a first field effect transistor, a power chip and a second field effect transistor; the second switch driving circuit includes a third field effect transistor;

[0019] The first output terminal of the main control unit is connected to the gate electrical signal of the first field effect transistor; the positive electrode of the power module is connected to the drain electrical signal of the first field effect transistor; the source of the first field effect transistor is connected to the input terminal electrical signal of the power chip; the output terminal of the power chip is connected to the negative electrode of the power module and the gate electrical signal of the second field effect transistor; the source and drain of the second field effect transistor are connected to the perforation branch, the source and drain of the third field effect transistor are connected to the electric rotation orientation branch, and the source of the second field effect transistor is electrically connected to the source of the third field effect transistor; the second output terminal of the main control unit is connected to the gate electrical signal of the third field effect transistor.

[0020] Furthermore, the first switch driving circuit also includes a first resistor; a first end of the first resistor is connected to the first output end of the main control unit and the gate of the first field effect transistor; and a second end of the first resistor is grounded.

[0021] Furthermore, the first switch driving circuit also includes a first diode and a second resistor; the positive electrode of the first diode is connected to the output end of the power chip, the first end of the second resistor and the gate electrical signal of the second field effect transistor; the negative electrode of the first diode is connected to the second end of the second resistor and the source electrical signal of the second field effect transistor.

[0022] Furthermore, the second switch driving circuit also includes a third resistor and a voltage-stabilizing diode; the first end of the third resistor is connected to the cathode of the voltage-stabilizing diode and the gate of the third field effect transistor; the second end of the third resistor is connected to the anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode and the source of the third field effect transistor.

[0023] Furthermore, the main control unit is connected to a wireless communication module, a demodulator and a modulator; the wireless communication module includes a signal receiving module and a signal sending module; the main control unit is provided with a demodulator and a modulator; the signal receiving module is electrically connected to the main control unit through the demodulator; and the main control unit is electrically connected to the signal sending module through the modulator.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] (1) The present invention provides a circuit for protecting the electrical safety of the subsequent perforating gun string when the rotary directional tool is working during the fiber-avoiding perforating process, thereby solving the electrical safety problems of the existing electric rotary directional tool and cluster perforating matching operation and the cluster perforating gun string during the operation, and has high reliability;

[0026] (2) After the downhole operation pipe string is sent to the perforating point at the specified depth, it is first switched to the rotational directional working mode. According to the angle of the clustered perforating gun string sent from the ground, the perforating gun string is rotated to the specified angle, which can effectively isolate the large voltage and current of the front stage and ensure the safety of the perforating gun string;

[0027] (3) This method is applicable to various well conditions such as vertical wells, high-angle wells and horizontal wells. The clustered perforating gun string is rotated to a specified angle to perform avoidance fiber perforation to avoid the optical fiber outside the casing and prevent the optical fiber from being mistakenly perforated. It is applicable to the clustered bridge-shot joint operation process of horizontal wells with pre-installed optical fiber outside the casing for unconventional oil and gas such as shale gas, tight gas and coalbed methane. In the construction of horizontal well bridge-shot joint operation with pre-installed optical fiber outside the casing, the channel conditions for fluid injection into the formation are provided for staged multi-stage fracturing while ensuring that the optical fiber is not damaged during the perforation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 A system block diagram of a cable cluster perforating and electric rotation directional multiplexing safety circuit provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pipe string connection for downhole operations;

[0030] Figure 3 A circuit diagram of a cable cluster perforating and electric rotation directional multiplexing safety circuit provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the working method of the cable cluster perforating and electric rotation directional multiplexing safety circuit provided in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: U1-main control unit; U2-power chip; U3-power module; Q1-first field effect transistor; U2-power chip; Q2-second field effect transistor; Q3-third field effect transistor; R1-first resistor; R2-second resistor; R3-third resistor; D1-first diode; D2-voltage regulator diode; D3-third diode; L1-perforation branch; L2-electric rotation directional branch; L3-single-core cable shell branch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] As an example, Figure 1 As shown, in order to solve the above technical problems, this embodiment provides a cable cluster perforating and electric rotation directional multiplexing safety circuit, including a main control unit, a mode conversion circuit and a power module;

[0036] The power module is electrically connected to the power input terminal of the main control unit;

[0037] The mode conversion circuit includes a first switch driving circuit and a second switch driving circuit;

[0038] The single-core cable core is connected to the perforation branch and the electric rotary directional branch; the electric rotary directional branch is connected to the electric rotary directional tool; the perforation branch is provided with an overvoltage protection circuit;

[0039] The first output end of the main control unit is connected to the perforation branch through the first switch driving circuit; the perforation branch is connected to the cluster perforating gun;

[0040] The second output terminal of the main control unit is connected to the electric rotation directional branch through a second switch driving circuit;

[0041] The power supply module is electrically connected to the power supply input terminal of the main control unit, the power supply input terminal of the first switch driving circuit, and the power supply input terminal of the first switch driving circuit.

[0042] The overvoltage protection circuit is used to protect the electrical safety of the perforating branch circuit when the first switch driving circuit fails, forming a two-level electrical protection. The overvoltage protection circuit is used to set the protection voltage threshold of the perforating branch circuit, and the threshold is set according to the specific cable length to ensure that the ignition voltage is reached, which can effectively protect the electrical safety of the perforating gun string.

[0043] The working principle of the cable cluster perforation and electric rotation directional multiplexing safety circuit is:

[0044] S1: Connect and assemble the multiplexed safety circuit sub, the electric rotary directional tool and the cluster perforating gun string on the ground, and transport the connected and assembled tool string to the preset depth of each perforating point through a single-core cable;

[0045] S2: The main control unit sends a first control instruction to the second switch driving circuit, and the cable cluster perforating and electric rotary directional multiplexing safety circuit switches to the electric rotary directional branch and supplies power to the electric rotary directional tool. The electric rotary directional tool rotates the cluster perforating gun to a preset angle according to the perforating angle data sent from the ground.

[0046] S3: The main control unit sends a second control instruction to the first switch driving circuit, and the safety circuit of cluster perforation and electric rotation directional multiplexing switches to the perforation branch, and supplies power to the cluster perforating gun, controlling the preset target cluster perforating gun in the well to ignite and detonate;

[0047] S4: The main control unit repeatedly sends the first control instruction and the second control instruction in a loop until all clustered perforating guns are ignited and perforated.

[0048] In actual application, the power module adopts a power supply with a wide input range, which can meet the large voltage range of single-core cables in perforating operations and electric rotary directional tool operations, work stably, and provide stable low voltage and low current for each module.

[0049] Optionally, the cable cluster perforating and electric rotary directional multiplexing safety circuit is arranged in a multiplexing safety circuit pup joint; the multiplexing safety circuit pup joint, the electric rotary directional tool and a plurality of cluster perforating guns are sequentially connected in series.

[0050] As attached Figure 2 As shown in the schematic diagram of the connection of the downhole operation pipe string, the multiplexed safety circuit short section 1, the electric rotary directional tool 2, and the cluster perforating guns 301, 302, ..., and n are connected in series.

[0051] Optional, as attached Figure 3 As shown, the first switch driving circuit includes a first field effect transistor Q1, a power chip U2 and a second field effect transistor Q2; the second switch driving circuit includes a third field effect transistor Q3;

[0052] The first output terminal OUT1 of the main control unit U1 is connected to the gate electrical signal of the first field effect transistor Q1; the positive electrode of the power module U3 is connected to the drain electrical signal of the first field effect transistor Q1; the source of the first field effect transistor Q1 is connected to the input terminal electrical signal of the power chip U2; the output terminal of the power chip U2 is connected to the negative electrode of the power module U3 and the gate electrical signal of the second field effect transistor Q2; the source and drain of the second field effect transistor Q2 are connected to the perforation branch L1, the source and drain of the third field effect transistor Q3 are connected to the electric rotation orientation branch L2, and the source of the second field effect transistor Q2 is electrically connected to the source of the third field effect transistor Q3; the second output terminal OUT2 of the main control unit U1 is connected to the gate electrical signal of the third field effect transistor Q3.

[0053] Optional, as attached Figure 3 As shown, the first switch driving circuit further includes a first resistor R1; a first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to a first output end OUT1 of the main control unit U1 and a gate of the first field effect transistor Q1; a second end of the first resistor R1 is grounded.

[0054] Optional, as attached Figure 3 As shown, the first switch driving circuit also includes a first diode D1 and a second resistor R2; the anode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the output end of the power chip U2, the first end of the second resistor R2 and the gate of the second field effect transistor Q2; the cathode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the second end of the second resistor R2 and the source of the second field effect transistor Q2.

[0055] Optional, as attached Figure 3 As shown, the second switch driving circuit also includes a third resistor R3 and a Zener diode D2; the first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the cathode of the Zener diode D2 and the gate of the third field effect transistor Q3; the second end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the anode of the Zener diode D2 and the source of the third field effect transistor Q3.

[0056] As attached Figure 3 As shown, the single-core cable housing branch L3 is connected to the third diode D3; the single-core cable housing branch L3 is electrically connected to the anode of the third diode D3; the cathode of the third diode D3 is electrically connected to the positive power input terminal of the main control unit.

[0057] Optionally, the main control unit is connected to a wireless communication module, a demodulator and a modulator; the wireless communication module includes a signal receiving module and a signal sending module; the main control unit is provided with a demodulator and a modulator; the signal receiving module is electrically connected to the main control unit through the demodulator; and the main control unit is electrically connected to the signal sending module through the modulator.

[0058] In actual application, the main control unit communicates with the ground end through the wireless communication module. The signal receiving module is used to demodulate the mode switching control signal such as the first control instruction and the second control instruction and transmit it to the main control unit; the signal sending module is used to receive the feedback signal output by the main control unit and modulate it for output, and the feedback signal is used to provide feedback on the mode switching result.

[0059] The present invention provides a circuit for protecting the electrical safety of the subsequent perforating gun string when the rotary directional tool is working during the fiber-free perforating process, thereby solving the electrical safety problems of the existing electric rotary directional tool and cluster perforating matching operation and the cluster perforating gun string during the operation. The cable cluster perforating and electric rotary directional multiplexing safety circuit adopts semiconductor devices, can adapt to the impact of explosion shock and high temperature in the perforating operation, and has high reliability.

[0060] After sending the downhole operation pipe string to the perforating point at the specified depth, it is first switched to the rotary directional working mode, and the perforating gun string is rotated to the specified angle according to the angle of the clustered perforating gun string sent from the ground. In this process, the working voltage of the electric rotary directional tool is 450V and the current is 1-2A. This voltage and current pose a great safety risk to the subsequent perforating gun. The multiplexed safety circuit can effectively isolate the large voltage and current of the previous stage to ensure the safety of the perforating gun string.

[0061] In actual application, the clustered perforating gun string is rotated to a specified angle to perform avoidance fiber perforation to avoid the optical fiber outside the casing and prevent the optical fiber from being mistakenly perforated. This is suitable for clustered bridge-shot joint operation of horizontal wells with pre-installed optical fiber outside the casing of unconventional oil and gas such as shale gas, tight gas and coalbed methane. In the construction of horizontal well bridge-shot joint operation with pre-installed optical fiber outside the casing, while ensuring that the optical fiber is not damaged during the perforation process, the channel conditions for fluid injection into the formation are provided for staged multi-stage fracturing.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] Based on the same principle as the cable cluster perforation and electric rotation directional multiplexing safety circuit shown in Example 1 of the present invention, as shown in the attached Figure 4 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a cable cluster perforating and electric rotation directional multiplexing safety circuit working method, including:

[0064] Connect and assemble the reused safety circuit nipple, the electric rotary directional tool and the cluster perforating gun string on the ground, and transport the connected and assembled tool string to the preset depth of each perforating point through a single-core cable;

[0065] The main control unit sends a first control instruction to the second switch driving circuit, and the cable cluster perforating and electric rotary directional multiplexing safety circuit switches to the electric rotary directional branch and supplies power to the electric rotary directional tool. The electric rotary directional tool rotates the cluster perforating gun to a preset angle according to the perforating angle data sent from the ground.

[0066] The main control unit sends a second control instruction to the first switch drive circuit, and the safety circuit of cluster perforation and electric rotation directional multiplexing is switched to the perforation branch, and the cluster perforating gun is powered to control the preset target cluster perforating gun in the well to ignite and perforate;

[0067] The main control unit repeatedly sends the first control instruction and the second control instruction in a loop until all clustered perforating guns are ignited and perforated.

[0068] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Cable cluster perforation and electric rotation directional multiplexing safety circuit, characterized by: It includes a main control unit, a mode conversion circuit and a power module; The power module is electrically connected to the power input terminal of the main control unit; The mode conversion circuit includes a first switch driving circuit and a second switch driving circuit; The single-core cable core is connected to the perforation branch and the electric rotary directional branch; the electric rotary directional branch is connected to the electric rotary directional tool; the perforation branch is provided with an overvoltage protection circuit; The first output end of the main control unit is connected to the perforation branch through the first switch driving circuit; the perforation branch is connected to the clustered perforating gun; The second output terminal of the main control unit is connected to the electric rotation directional branch through a second switch driving circuit; The power module is electrically connected to the power input terminal of the main control unit, the power input terminal of the first switch driving circuit, and the power input terminal of the first switch driving circuit.

2. According to claim 1, the cable cluster perforating and electric rotation directional multiplexing safety circuit is characterized in that: The cable cluster perforating and electric rotary directional multiplexing safety circuit is arranged in the multiplexing safety circuit short section; the multiplexing safety circuit short section, the electric rotary directional tool and a plurality of cluster perforating guns are connected in series in sequence.

3. According to claim 1, the cable cluster perforating and electric rotation directional multiplexing safety circuit is characterized in that: The first switch driving circuit includes a first field effect transistor, a power chip and a second field effect transistor; the second switch driving circuit includes a third field effect transistor; The first output terminal of the main control unit is connected to the gate electrical signal of the first field effect transistor; the positive electrode of the power module is connected to the drain electrical signal of the first field effect transistor; the source of the first field effect transistor is connected to the input terminal electrical signal of the power chip; the output terminal of the power chip is connected to the negative electrode of the power module and the gate electrical signal of the second field effect transistor; the source and drain of the second field effect transistor are connected to the perforation branch, the source and drain of the third field effect transistor are connected to the electric rotation orientation branch, and the source of the second field effect transistor is electrically connected to the source of the third field effect transistor; the second output terminal of the main control unit is connected to the gate electrical signal of the third field effect transistor.

4. According to claim 3, the cable cluster perforating and electric rotation directional multiplexing safety circuit is characterized in that: The first switch driving circuit also includes a first resistor; a first end of the first resistor is connected to the first output end of the main control unit and the gate of the first field effect transistor; and a second end of the first resistor is grounded.

5. According to claim 3, the cable cluster perforating and electric rotation directional multiplexing safety circuit is characterized in that: The first switch driving circuit also includes a first diode and a second resistor; the positive electrode of the first diode is connected to the output end of the power chip, the first end of the second resistor and the gate electrical signal of the second field effect transistor; the negative electrode of the first diode is connected to the second end of the second resistor and the source electrical signal of the second field effect transistor.

6. The cable cluster perforating and electric rotation directional multiplexing safety circuit according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The second switch driving circuit also includes a third resistor and a voltage-stabilizing diode; the first end of the third resistor is connected to the cathode of the voltage-stabilizing diode and the gate of the third field effect transistor; the second end of the third resistor is connected to the anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode and the source of the third field effect transistor.

7. The cable cluster perforating and electric rotation directional multiplexing safety circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The main control unit is connected with a communication module, a demodulator and a modulator; the communication module includes a signal receiving module and a signal sending module; the main control unit is provided with a demodulator and a modulator; the signal receiving module is electrically connected with the main control unit through the demodulator; the main control unit is electrically connected with the signal sending module through the modulator.

8. A cable cluster perforating and electric rotation directional multiplexing safety circuit working method based on the cable cluster perforating and electric rotation directional multiplexing safety circuit of claim 1, comprising: Connect and assemble the reused safety circuit nipple, the electric rotary directional tool and the cluster perforating gun string on the ground, and transport the connected and assembled tool string to the preset depth of each perforating point through a single-core cable; The main control unit sends a first control instruction to the second switch driving circuit, and the cable cluster perforating and electric rotary directional multiplexing safety circuit switches to the electric rotary directional branch and supplies power to the electric rotary directional tool. The electric rotary directional tool rotates the cluster perforating gun to a preset angle according to the perforating angle data sent from the ground. The main control unit sends a second control instruction to the first switch drive circuit, and the safety circuit of cluster perforation and electric rotation directional multiplexing is switched to the perforation branch, and the cluster perforating gun is powered to control the preset target cluster perforating gun in the well to ignite and perforate; The main control unit repeatedly sends the first control instruction and the second control instruction in a loop until all clustered perforating guns are ignited and perforated.

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