Plunger with rotating function and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of gas field exploitation equipment, and particularly relates to a plunger with a rotating function and a method. The device comprises a fishing head, a guide rod and a plunger shell, the top of the guide rod is connected with the fishing head, a first flow guide channel is formed in the center of the bottom end of the guide rod in the axial direction, a plurality of lateral flow guide channels are formed in the middle of the side wall of the guide rod, and the first flow guide channel communicates with the lateral flow guide channels; the plunger shell is connected to the bottom end of the guide rod, a second flow guide channel is formed in the center of the plunger shell in the axial direction, and the second flow guide channel communicates with the lateral flow guide channel through the first flow guide channel. The purpose of gas lift liquid drainage of the rotary plunger is achieved, the liquid lifting efficiency of the plunger is effectively improved, and meanwhile the design of the fishing head effectively prevents throwing errors in the construction process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of gas field mining equipment, and in particular relates to a plunger with a rotation function and a method. Background Art

[0002] The plunger gas lift process is a drainage and gas production technology method that uses the energy of the gas well itself to discharge the liquid from the wellbore. This technology uses the plunger as the mechanical interface between gas and liquid, and uses the gas produced by the gas well to push the plunger to move up and down periodically in the oil pipe, thereby periodically lifting the liquid produced by the formation to the ground and producing gas. The plunger, as the gas-liquid interface, can effectively prevent the gas from rising and the liquid from falling back, reduce the "slippage" effect of the liquid running from the bottom of the well to the wellhead, and improve the efficiency of gas lifting liquid. This process is a mechanical drainage and gas production method. During the drainage process, it relies entirely on the energy of the gas well itself, without adding any chemical agents, and does not require any external energy. It is suitable for wells with a certain production capacity and a daily water production of less than 40m 3 Gas wells, have been widely used in tight low-yield gas fields around the world and achieved good results. At present, when the plunger lifts the liquid in the wellbore, due to the gap between the plunger and the oil pipe, the liquid leakage during the conventional plunger upward process is large, which to a certain extent affects the efficiency of gas lifting liquid. With the large-scale promotion of plunger gas lifting technology, according to theoretical research, it is found that the liquid leakage decreases with the increase of rotation speed. Through numerical simulation and continuous experiments to improve the plunger structure, a plunger with rotation function is developed, which can realize plunger rotation by itself, thereby reducing liquid loss and improving the plunger's liquid lifting efficiency. Summary of the invention The invention provides a plunger with a rotation function and a method thereof, the purpose of which is to provide a plunger capable of improving the efficiency of the plunger in lifting liquid and preventing the plunger from being placed incorrectly during construction.

[0003] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A plunger with a rotating function, comprising: Salvage head; A guide rod, the top of which is connected to the fishing head, a first guide channel is opened in the center of the bottom end of the guide rod along the axial direction, a plurality of lateral guide channels are opened in the middle of the side wall of the guide rod, and the first guide channel is connected to the plurality of lateral guide channels; The plunger housing is connected to the bottom end of the guide rod. A second flow guide channel is axially arranged at the center of the plunger housing. The second flow guide channel is connected to the lateral flow guide channel through the first flow guide channel.

[0004] A plurality of herringbone-shaped annular protrusions are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction on the outer side wall of the plunger housing.

[0005] The herringbone-shaped annular protrusions are arranged at equal intervals.

[0006] The plurality of lateral flow guide channels are arranged in a circular array with the center of the guide rod, and the centers of the outer outlets of the lateral flow guide channels are placed on the same horizontal circular plane.

[0007] The lateral flow guide channel is a spiral channel, and a line connecting the inlet center of the spiral channel and the center of the guide rod, and a line connecting the outlet center of the spiral channel and the center of the guide rod form an angle θ.

[0008] The second flow guiding channel and the first flow guiding channel have the same inner diameter.

[0009] A method for using a plunger with a rotating function, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Step 1: Plunger connection; Connect the fishing head, guide rod and plunger housing in sequence from top to bottom; Step 2: plunger placement; The stopper is placed at the determined position in the well by means of the logging vehicle, or the existing stopper of the gas well is used to place the plunger with a rotating function, and then the well is shut down, and the plunger with a rotating function falls down above the stopper by its own gravity; Step 3: Plunger production; After the well is opened, the bottom hole gas pushes the plunger with a rotating function and the liquid above it to move upward, and the bottom hole gas enters the second guide channel in the plunger shell in turn, and is discharged through the lateral guide channel in the guide rod; when the bottom hole gas is discharged through the spirally arranged lateral guide channel, the plunger with a rotating function is rotated; the plunger with a rotating function rotates and rises, and the liquid is discharged after reaching the wellhead, and the plunger with a rotating function reaches the blowout preventer; after the production is completed, the well is closed, and the plunger with a rotating function moves downward again by its own gravity and falls above the limiter, and the entire production cycle is this process.

[0010] Step 4: Salvage the plunger; When the plunger with a rotating function can reach the wellhead, the plunger catcher on the blowout preventer is opened, the plunger with a rotating function reaches the wellhead and is caught, the blowout preventer is opened, and the plunger with a rotating function is taken out; when the plunger cannot reach the wellhead, the plunger salvage tool grasps the plunger salvage head through wireline operations, and the plunger with a rotating function is salvaged out of the wellbore.

[0011] In step 3, there is a correlation between the plunger rotation speed ω and the rotation driving force F and the angle θ, as follows: v =219.96Δp 0.59 - v 柱塞 Where: ΔP is the pressure difference between the upper and lower parts of the plunger, ΔP≤0.1 MPa; v 柱塞 is the upward speed of the plunger, v 柱塞 ≤10 m / s; v is the annular air velocity, 10 m / s; n is the number of lateral flow guide channels; ρ is the density of the fluid passing through the plunger, kg / m 3 ; δ is the width of the second flow guiding channel, mm; L is the length from the outlet of the lateral flow guide channel to the bottom end of the plunger, mm.

[0012] Beneficial effects: (1) The present invention is composed of a fishing head, a guide rod and a plunger housing. Due to the arrangement of multiple inclined lateral flow guide channels in the guide rod, the present invention achieves the purpose of rotary plunger gas lift and discharges liquid, greatly improving the efficiency of plunger lifting liquid.

[0013] (2) The design of the fishing head in the present invention effectively prevents the plunger from being dropped incorrectly during construction.

[0014] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the flow guide channel in the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1. fishing head; 2. lateral flow guide channel; 3. guide rod; 4. second flow guide channel; 5. plunger housing; 6. fishbone-shaped annular protrusion; 7. first flow guide channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Embodiment 1: according to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A plunger with a rotating function is shown, comprising Salvage head 1; A guide rod 3, the top of which is connected to the fishing head 1, a first guide channel 7 is axially opened at the center of the bottom end of the guide rod 3, a plurality of lateral guide channels 2 are opened in the middle of the side wall of the guide rod 3, and the first guide channel 7 is connected to the plurality of lateral guide channels 2; The plunger housing 5 is connected to the bottom end of the guide rod 3 . A second flow guide channel 4 is axially arranged at the center of the plunger housing 5 . The second flow guide channel 4 is connected to the lateral flow guide channel 2 through the first flow guide channel 7 .

[0021] In actual use, first connect the fishing head 1, the guide rod 3 and the plunger housing 5 from top to bottom in sequence; then, use the logging vehicle to determine the position in the well to place the stopper, or use the existing stopper in the gas well to place the plunger with a rotating function, and then shut down the well. The plunger with a rotating function falls down on the stopper by its own gravity. After the well is opened, the bottom hole gas pushes the plunger with a rotating function and the liquid above it to move upward, and the bottom hole gas enters the second guide channel 4 in the plunger housing 5 in turn, and is discharged through the lateral guide channel 2 in the guide rod 3; when the bottom hole gas is discharged through the inclined lateral guide channel 2, the plunger with a rotating function rotates; the plunger with a rotating function rotates and rises, and the liquid is discharged after reaching the wellhead, and the plunger with a rotating function reaches the blowout preventer; after the production is completed, the well is shut down, and the plunger with a rotating function moves downward again by its own gravity and falls on the stopper, and the entire production cycle is this process. When the plunger with a rotating function can reach the wellhead, the plunger catcher on the blowout preventer is opened, the plunger with a rotating function reaches the wellhead and is caught, the blowout preventer is opened, and the plunger with a rotating function is taken out; when the plunger cannot reach the wellhead, the plunger fishing head 1 is caught by a fishing tool through wire operation, and the plunger with a rotating function is fished out of the wellbore.

[0022] The present invention achieves the purpose of liquid drainage by rotary plunger gas lift, thereby reducing liquid loss and effectively improving the efficiency of plunger liquid lifting. At the same time, the design of the fishing head effectively prevents placement errors during the construction process.

[0023] Embodiment 2: according to Figure 1 The plunger with a rotating function shown in the figure is different from the first embodiment in that a plurality of herringbone-shaped annular protrusions 6 are arranged on the outer side wall of the plunger housing 5 at intervals along the circumferential direction.

[0024] Furthermore, the herringbone-shaped annular protrusions 6 are arranged at equal intervals.

[0025] In actual use, the plunger housing 5 adopts a technical solution of arranging a plurality of herringbone-shaped annular protrusions 6 at circumferential intervals on the outer wall. On the one hand, when the plunger moves up and down, a turbulent seal is formed, which can reduce liquid loss and help improve the liquid lifting efficiency of the plunger. On the other hand, the herringbone-shaped annular protrusions 6 have the characteristics of strong permeability, easy processing and easy capture.

[0026] Embodiment three: according to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The plunger with a rotating function shown is different from the first embodiment in that: the plurality of lateral guide channels 2 are arranged in a circular array with the center of the guide rod 3, and the centers of the outer outlets of the lateral guide channels 2 are placed on the same horizontal circular plane.

[0027] In actual use, the lateral flow guide channel 2 adopts the above technical solution, so that when the lateral flow guide channel 2 discharges liquid, the rotation speed of the plunger is faster, thereby enhancing the liquid lifting efficiency of the plunger.

[0028] Embodiment 4: according to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The plunger with a rotating function shown is different from the third embodiment in that the lateral flow guide channel 2 is a spiral channel, and the line connecting the inlet center of the spiral channel and the center of the guide rod 3 and the line connecting the outlet center and the center of the guide rod 3 form an angle θ.

[0029] In actual use, the lateral flow guide channel 2 adopts a spiral channel so that when the lateral flow guide channel 2 discharges liquid, the rotation speed of the plunger is faster, so as to enhance the liquid lifting efficiency of the plunger.

[0030] Embodiment five: according to Figure 1 The plunger with a rotating function shown is different from the first embodiment in that the inner diameters of the second flow guiding channel 4 and the first flow guiding channel 7 are the same.

[0031] In actual use, the second guide channel 4 and the first guide channel 7 adopt the above-mentioned technical solution, the purpose of which is that when the airflow passes through the second guide channel 4 and the first guide channel 7, it is not blocked, so that when the lateral guide channel 2 discharges the fluid, the rotation speed of the plunger is faster, thereby enhancing the liquid lifting efficiency of the plunger.

[0032] Embodiment six: according to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The plunger with a rotating function shown in the figure is different from the embodiment 1 in that: a plurality of fishbone-shaped annular protrusions 6 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the plunger housing 5; the fishbone-shaped annular protrusions 6 are arranged at equal intervals; a plurality of the lateral guide channels 2 are arranged in a circular array with the center of the guide rod 3, and the outer outlet centers of the lateral guide channels 2 are placed on the same horizontal circular plane; the lateral guide channels 2 are spiral channels, and the line connecting the inlet center of the spiral channel with the center of the guide rod 3 and the line connecting the outlet center and the center of the guide rod 3 form an angle θ; the inner diameters of the second guide channel 4 and the first guide channel 7 are the same.

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention achieves the purpose of rotary plunger gas lift drainage, effectively improves the efficiency of plunger liquid lifting, and at the same time, the design of the fishing head effectively prevents placement errors during the construction process.

[0034] Embodiment seven: Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a method for using a plunger with a rotating function comprises the following steps: Step 1: Plunger connection; Connect the fishing head 1, the guide rod 3 and the plunger housing 5 in sequence from top to bottom; Step 2: plunger placement; The stopper is placed at the determined position in the well by means of the logging vehicle, or the existing stopper of the gas well is used to place the plunger with a rotating function, and then the well is shut down, and the plunger with a rotating function falls down above the stopper by its own gravity; Step 3: Plunger production; After the well is opened, the bottom hole gas pushes the plunger with a rotating function and the liquid above it to move upward, and the bottom hole gas enters the second guide channel 4 in the plunger housing 5 in turn, and is discharged through the lateral guide channel 2 in the guide rod 3; when the bottom hole gas is discharged through the inclined lateral guide channel 2, the plunger with a rotating function is rotated; the plunger with a rotating function rotates and rises, and the liquid is discharged after reaching the wellhead, and the plunger with a rotating function reaches the blowout preventer; after the production is completed, the well is closed, and the plunger with a rotating function moves downward again by its own gravity and falls above the limiter, and the entire production cycle is this process.

[0035] Step 4: Salvage the plunger; When the plunger with a rotating function can reach the wellhead, the plunger catcher on the blowout preventer is opened, the plunger with a rotating function reaches the wellhead and is caught, the blowout preventer is opened, and the plunger with a rotating function is taken out; when the plunger cannot reach the wellhead, the plunger fishing head 1 is caught by a fishing tool through wire operation, and the plunger with a rotating function is fished out of the wellbore.

[0036] The present invention can realize the rotation of the plunger by itself, thereby reducing the loss of liquid and effectively improving the liquid lifting efficiency of the plunger. The plunger can be rotated by itself, and the design of the fishing head prevents the occurrence of errors in the construction.

[0037] Embodiment eight: Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a method for using a plunger with a rotating function is different from that of the seventh embodiment in that: in step three, there is a correlation between the plunger rotation speed ω and the rotation driving force F and the angle θ, as follows: v =219.96Δp 0.59 - v 柱塞 Where: ΔP is the pressure difference between the upper and lower parts of the plunger, ΔP≤0.1 MPa; v 柱塞 is the upward speed of the plunger, v 柱塞 ≤10 m / s; v is the annular air velocity, 10 m / s; n is the number of lateral flow guide channels; ρ is the density of the fluid passing through the plunger, kg / m 3 ; δ is the width of the second flow guiding channel, mm; L is the length from the outlet of the lateral flow guide channel to the bottom end of the plunger, mm.

[0038] The lateral flow guide channel is made into a spiral shape, so that the air flow can impact the plunger to generate rotation, thereby achieving the purpose of rotating the plunger to lift and discharge liquid, and greatly improving the efficiency of the plunger lifting liquid.

[0039] In the absence of conflicts, technicians in this field can combine the relevant technical features in the above examples according to actual conditions to achieve corresponding technical effects. The specific combinations are not described here one by one.

[0040] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0041] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0042] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. The present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but should conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. Any simple modification, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plunger with a rotating function, characterized in that: include Salvage head (1); A guide rod (3), the top of the guide rod (3) being connected to the fishing head (1), a first guide channel (7) being opened axially at the center of the bottom end of the guide rod (3), a plurality of lateral guide channels (2) being opened in the middle of the side wall of the guide rod (3), the first guide channel (7) being connected to the plurality of lateral guide channels (2); A plunger housing (5) is connected to the bottom end of the guide rod (3), a second flow guide channel (4) is axially arranged at the center of the plunger housing (5), and the second flow guide channel (4) is connected to the lateral flow guide channel (2) through the first flow guide channel (7).

2. A plunger with a rotating function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of herringbone-shaped annular protrusions (6) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction on the outer side wall of the plunger housing (5).

3. A plunger with a rotating function as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The herringbone-shaped annular protrusions (6) are arranged at equal intervals.

4. A plunger with a rotating function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of lateral flow guide channels (2) are arranged in a circular array with the center of the guide rod (3), and the centers of the outer outlets of the lateral flow guide channels (2) are placed on the same horizontal circular plane.

5. A plunger with a rotating function as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The lateral flow guide channel (2) is a spiral channel, and a line connecting the center of the inlet of the spiral channel and the center of the guide rod (3) and a line connecting the center of the outlet of the spiral channel and the center of the guide rod (3) form an angle θ.

6. A plunger with a rotating function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The second flow guiding channel (4) and the first flow guiding channel (7) have the same inner diameter.

7. A method for using a plunger with a rotating function according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Plunger connection; Connecting the fishing head (1), the guide rod (3) and the plunger housing (5) in sequence from top to bottom; Step 2: plunger placement; The stopper is placed at the determined position in the well by means of the logging vehicle, or the existing stopper of the gas well is used to place the plunger with a rotating function, and then the well is shut down, and the plunger with a rotating function falls down above the stopper by its own gravity; Step 3: Plunger production; After the well is opened, the bottom hole gas pushes the plunger with a rotating function and the liquid above it to move upward, and the bottom hole gas sequentially enters the second guide channel (4) in the plunger housing (5) and is discharged through the lateral guide channel (2) in the guide rod (3); when the bottom hole gas is discharged through the spirally arranged lateral guide channel (2), the plunger with a rotating function is rotated; the plunger with a rotating function rotates upward, and the liquid is discharged after reaching the wellhead, and the plunger with a rotating function reaches the blowout preventer; After the production is completed, the well is closed, and the plunger with a rotating function moves downward again by its own gravity and falls above the limiter, completing the entire production cycle. Step 4: Salvage the plunger; When the plunger with a rotating function can reach the wellhead, the plunger catcher on the lubricating preventer is opened, the plunger with a rotating function reaches the wellhead and is caught, the lubricating preventer is opened, and the plunger with a rotating function is taken out; When the plunger cannot reach the wellhead, the fishing tool grasps the plunger fishing head through wireline operation and fishes the plunger with rotating function out of the wellbore.

8. A method for using a plunger with a rotating function as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: In step 3, there is a correlation between the plunger rotation speed ω and the rotation driving force F and the angle θ, as follows: v =219.96Δp 0.59 - v 柱塞 Where: ΔP is the pressure difference between the upper and lower parts of the plunger, ΔP≤0.1 MPa; v 柱塞 is the upward speed of the plunger, v 柱塞 ≤10 m / s; v is the annular air velocity, 10 m / s; n is the number of lateral flow guide channels; ρ is the density of the fluid passing through the plunger, kg / m 3 ; δ is the width of the second flow guiding channel, mm; L is the length from the outlet of the lateral flow guide channel to the bottom end of the plunger, mm.

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