Double-coal-machine mining method

Abstract

The double-coal-machine mining method comprises the following steps that S1, coal is cut at a first end through a first notch machine to form a first end notch, and coal is cut in the middle of a working face through a middle notch machine to form a second middle notch; s2, the first coal mining machine is controlled to enter the first end notch, and the second coal mining machine is controlled to move from the second end to the first end so as to enter the second middle notch; and S3, the first coal cutter and the second coal cutter both cut coal in the direction from the first end to the second end. According to the double-coal-machine mining method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the coal mining machine can enter the coal wall for normal mining without beveling feed, the process is simpler, and the coal cutting speed is higher, so that the mining efficiency and the propelling speed of a working face can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining methods, and in particular to a dual-coal mining method. Background Art

[0002] The double coal mining machine mining method is mainly used for coal mining in super-long working faces, which includes: setting a left coal mining machine and a right coal mining machine on the working face, the left coal mining machine adopts an oblique cutting feed method to enter the coal wall from the left end of the working face, and then runs to the middle of the working face to cut coal normally. After reaching the middle of the working face, the left coal mining machine adopts an oblique cutting feed method to enter the coal wall, and then runs to the left end of the working face to continue cutting coal; the right coal mining machine adopts an oblique cutting feed method to enter the coal wall from the right end of the working face, and then runs to the middle of the working face to cut coal normally, and cuts through the triangular coal left by the left coal mining machine. After cutting through the triangular coal, the right coal mining machine adopts an oblique cutting feed method to enter the coal wall, and then runs to the right end of the working face to continue cutting coal; thus, the two coal mining machines cut coal alternately, and the mining efficiency is relatively high.

[0003] In the above-mentioned dual-coal mining method, the coal mining machine needs to use an oblique cutting method to enter the coal wall before it can cut coal normally. However, the oblique cutting process is complicated and time-consuming, and generally includes processes such as machine body oblique cutting, machine body straightening, pushing and sliding, reverse cutting, and empty knife clearing of floating coal. In addition, the coal cutting speed of the coal mining machine is slow during oblique cutting, which seriously affects the advancement speed of the working face and reduces the mining efficiency of the working face. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0005] To this end, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a dual coal mining method, in which the coal mining machine can enter the coal wall for normal mining without oblique cutting. The process is simpler and the coal cutting speed is faster, thereby improving the mining efficiency and advancement speed of the working face.

[0006] The dual coal mining method of the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps: S1: using a first notching machine to cut coal at the first end to form a first end notch, and using a middle notching machine to cut coal at the middle of the working face to form a second middle notch; S2: Control the first coal mining machine to enter the first end gap, and control the second coal mining machine to move from the second end to the first end to enter the second middle gap; S3: The first coal shearer and the second coal shearer both cut coal along the direction from the first end to the second end.

[0007] In some embodiments, the dual coal mining method further comprises the following steps: S4: using the middle notch machine to cut coal in the middle of the working face to form a first middle notch, and using the second notch machine to cut coal at the second end to form a second end notch; S5: After the first coal shearer cuts through the coal wall, it runs without cutting and enters the first middle gap. Meanwhile, after the second coal shearer reaches the second end, the second coal shearer is controlled to enter the second end gap; S6: The first coal shearer and the second coal shearer both cut coal in a direction from the second end to the first end; S7: using the first notching machine to cut coal at the first end of the working surface to form the first end notch again, and using the middle notching machine to cut coal in the middle of the working surface to form the second middle notch again; S8: After the first coal shearer reaches the first end, the first coal shearer is controlled to enter the first end gap, and the second coal shearer cuts through the coal wall and then runs without cutting and enters the second middle gap; S9: Repeat steps S3 to S8 to implement coal mining on the working face.

[0008] In some embodiments, in step S1, the length of the first end notch is greater than or equal to the length of the first coal mining machine, the depth of the first end notch is equal to the cutting depth of the first coal mining machine, and the depth of the second middle notch is equal to the cutting depth of the second coal mining machine.

[0009] In some embodiments, in step S4, the length of the second end notch is greater than or equal to the length of the second coal mining machine, the depth of the second end notch is equal to twice the cutting depth of the second coal mining machine, and the depth of the first middle notch is equal to the cutting depth of the first coal mining machine; in step S7, the length of the first end notch is greater than or equal to the length of the first coal mining machine, the depth of the first end notch is equal to twice the cutting depth of the first coal mining machine, and the depth of the second middle notch is equal to the cutting depth of the second coal mining machine.

[0010] In some embodiments, the time point when the first coal mining machine enters the first end gap is the same as the time point when the second coal mining machine enters the second middle gap, and the time point when the first coal mining machine enters the first middle gap is the same as the time point when the second coal mining machine enters the second end gap.

[0011] In some embodiments, the lengths of the first end notch and the second end notch are equal, the distances of the first coal shearer and the second coal shearer running with empty cutters are equal, the coal cutting speeds of the first coal shearer and the second coal shearer are equal, and the speeds of the first coal shearer and the second coal shearer running with empty cutters are equal; The length of the first end notch, the length of the middle notch machine in place, and the distance of the first coal mining machine running without a cutter satisfy the following formula: , in, is the length of the first end notch, is the length of the middle notch machine in place, is the distance that the first coal mining machine runs without cutting, is the coal cutting speed of the first coal mining machine, is the speed at which the first coal mining machine runs with its knife running empty.

[0012] In some embodiments, at least one of the first coal mining machine, the second coal mining machine and the center notch machine is provided with a distance meter, and the distance meter is used to monitor the distance between the center notch machine and the first coal mining machine; and / or the distance meter is used to monitor the distance between the center notch machine and the second coal mining machine.

[0013] In some embodiments, the working surface is provided with a scraper conveyor for guiding the movement of the first coal mining machine, the second coal mining machine and the middle notch machine; the step S3 further includes the following steps: The area after the first coal mining machine cuts the coal is the first cut coal area, and the portion of the scraper conveyor corresponding to the first cut coal area is pushed and slid toward the direction close to the coal wall; the area after the second coal mining machine cuts the coal is the second cut coal area, and the portion of the scraper conveyor corresponding to the second cut coal area is pushed and slid toward the direction close to the coal wall; The step S5 further comprises the following steps: Controlling the scraper conveyor to remain straight so that the first coal mining machine enters the first middle gap and the second coal mining machine enters the second end gap; The step S6 further comprises the following steps: The area after the first coal mining machine cuts the coal is the third cut coal area, and the portion of the scraper conveyor corresponding to the third cut coal area is pushed and slid toward the direction close to the coal wall; the area after the second coal mining machine cuts the coal is the fourth cut coal area, and the portion of the scraper conveyor corresponding to the fourth cut coal area is pushed and slid toward the direction close to the coal wall; The step S8 further comprises the following steps: The scraper conveyor is controlled to remain straight so that the first coal mining machine enters the first end gap and the second coal mining machine enters the second middle gap.

[0014] In some embodiments, the working surface is provided with a plurality of notching machines, at least one of the notching machines is the first notching machine, and at least one of the notching machines is the middle notching machine.

[0015] In some embodiments, the notching machine includes a frame, a second cutting device and two first cutting devices; the frame has a walking portion for connecting a scraper conveyor; the two first cutting devices are symmetrically arranged along the walking direction of the frame, the first cutting device includes a plurality of drill bit groups arranged in sequence along the walking direction of the frame, the drill bit group is rotatably connected to the frame to form a circular cutting area, and the rotation axis of the drill bit group relative to the frame is consistent with the walking direction of the frame; the second cutting device is arranged between the two first cutting devices, and the diameter of the cutting area formed by the plurality of drill bit groups decreases sequentially in the direction away from the second cutting device, the second cutting device includes a swing arm and a cutting drum, the swing arm is swingably connected to the frame, the cutting drum is rotatably connected to the swing arm, the swing axis of the swing arm relative to the frame is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the drill bit group relative to the frame, and the rotation axis of the cutting drum relative to the swing arm is parallel to the swing axis of the swing arm relative to the frame.

[0016] The dual-coal mining method of the embodiment of the present invention uses a first notch machine to cut coal at the first end of the working face to form a first end notch for the first coal mining machine to enter the coal wall, and uses a middle notch machine to cut coal in the middle of the working face to form a second middle notch for the second coal mining machine to enter the coal wall. After entering the coal wall, the first coal mining machine and the second coal mining machine can directly perform normal coal cutting operations. Compared with the mining method in the related art in which the coal mining machine needs to use an oblique cutting method to enter the coal wall, the dual-coal mining method of the embodiment of the present invention does not require an oblique cutting method to enter the coal wall, and the process is simpler and the coal cutting speed is faster, thereby improving the mining efficiency and advancement speed of the working face. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a state diagram of a dual coal mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0018] Figure 2 This is a state diagram of a dual coal mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0019] Figure 3 This is a state diagram of a dual coal mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 .

[0020] Figure 4 This is a state diagram of a dual coal mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 .

[0021] Figure 5 This is a state diagram of a dual coal mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 .

[0022] Figure 6 This is a state diagram of a dual coal mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 .

[0023] Figure 7 This is a state diagram of a dual coal mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 .

[0024] Figure 8 This is a state diagram of a dual coal mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 .

[0025] Fig. 9 This is a state diagram of a dual coal mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 .

[0026] Fig.10 This is a state diagram of a dual coal mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 .

[0027] Fig.11 This is a state diagram of a dual coal mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 one.

[0028] Fig.12 This is a state diagram of a dual coal mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 two.

[0029] Fig.13 It is a dimensioning diagram of a dual coal mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Fig.14 It is a structural schematic diagram of a notching machine of a double coal mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Fig.15 It is a structural schematic diagram from another angle of a notch machine of a double coal mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.16 It is a structural schematic diagram of a drill bit group of a notching machine in a dual coal mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.17 The invention is a double coal mining machine mining method of an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.16 Schematic diagram of the A direction.

[0034] Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the transmission assembly of the notching machine of the double coal mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Reference numerals: 10. working surface; 11. center dividing surface; 12. first end; 13. second end; 14. first end notch; 15. second end notch; 16. first middle notch; 17. second middle notch; 20. notching machine; 21. middle notching machine; 22. frame; 23. first cutting device; 231. drill bit group; 2311. rotating seat; 2312. drill bit; 2312-1. tooth seat; 2312-2. first cutting tooth; 24. second cutting device; 241. swing arm; 242. cutting drum; 2421. drum body; 2422. second cutting tooth; 243. jack; 25. transmission shaft; 26. transmission assembly; 261. driving bevel gear; 262. driven bevel gear; 2621. rotating shaft; 31. First coal mining machine; 32. Second coal mining machine; 40. Scraper conveyor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the working face 10 has a center dividing surface 11, a first end 12 and a second end 13, and tunnels are provided at both ends along the length direction of the working face 10, and the first end 12 and the second end 13 are respectively arranged close to the tunnels at both ends of the working face 10; the center dividing surface 11 is arranged between the first end 12 and the second end 13, and divides the working face 10 equally along its length direction. The working face 10 is provided with a first coal mining machine 31 and a second coal mining machine 32, and the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 both operate along the length direction of the working face 10, and the first coal mining machine 31 mainly mines the working face 10 on the side of the center dividing surface 11 close to the first end 12, and the second coal mining machine 32 mainly mines the working face 10 on the side of the center dividing surface 11 close to the second end 13.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the dual coal mining method of the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: S1: using a first notching machine (not shown) to cut coal at the first end 12 to form a first end notch 14, and using a middle notching machine 21 to cut coal at the middle of the working face 10 to form a second middle notch 17; S2: Control the first coal mining machine 31 to enter the first end gap 14, and control the second coal mining machine 32 to move from the second end 13 to the first end 12 to enter the second middle gap 17; S3: The first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 both cut coal along the direction from the first end 12 to the second end 13 .

[0039] The dual coal mining method of the embodiment of the present invention uses a first notch machine to cut coal at the first end 12 of the working face 10 to form a first end notch 14 for the first coal mining machine 31 to enter the coal wall, and uses a middle notch machine 21 to cut coal in the middle of the working face 10 to form a second middle notch 17 for the second coal mining machine 32 to enter the coal wall. After entering the coal wall, the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 can directly perform normal coal cutting operations. Compared with the mining method in the related art in which the coal mining machine needs to use an oblique cutting method to enter the coal wall, the dual coal mining method of the embodiment of the present invention does not require an oblique cutting method to enter the coal wall, the process is simpler, and the coal cutting speed is faster, thereby improving the mining efficiency and advancement speed of the working face 10.

[0040] In some embodiments, Figures 5 to 12 As shown, the dual coal mining method also includes the following steps: S4: using the middle notch machine 21 to cut coal in the middle of the working face 10 to form a first middle notch 16, and using a second notch machine (not shown) to cut coal at the second end 13 to form a second end notch 15; S5: After the first coal mining machine 31 cuts through the coal wall, it runs without cutting and enters the first middle gap 16. At the same time, after the second coal mining machine 32 reaches the second end 13, the second coal mining machine 32 is controlled to enter the second end gap 15; S6: The first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 both cut coal along the direction from the second end 13 to the first end 12; S7: using the first notching machine to cut coal at the first end 12 of the working face 10 to form the first end notch 14 again, and using the middle notching machine 21 to cut coal at the middle of the working face 10 to form the second middle notch 17 again; S8: After the first coal shearer 31 reaches the first end 12, the first coal shearer 31 is controlled to enter the first end gap 14, and the second coal shearer 32 cuts through the coal wall and then runs without cutting into the second middle gap 17; S9: Repeat steps S3 to S8 to implement coal mining work on the working face 10.

[0041] In the above steps, the middle notching machine 21 is used to cut coal in the middle of the working face 10 to form a first middle notch 16 for the first coal mining machine 31 to enter the coal wall, and the second notching machine is used to cut coal at the second end 13 of the working face 10 to form a second end notch 15 for the second coal mining machine 32 to enter the coal wall; thus, during the entire mining process of the dual coal mining method of the embodiment of the present invention, the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 can directly enter the coal wall in the middle and end of the working face 10 to perform normal coal cutting operations, without the need to use an oblique cutting method to enter the coal wall, thereby greatly improving the mining efficiency of the working face 10.

[0042] It can be understood that the dual coal machine mining method of the embodiment of the present invention includes two processes: coal machine placement and coal machine normal mining. For example, steps S2, S5, and S8 are the coal machine placement process, and steps S3 and S6 are the coal machine normal mining process.

[0043] Specifically, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in steps S3 and S4, the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 cut coal normally in the direction from the first end 12 to the second end 13, and the middle notching machine 21 moves in the same direction therewith and forms a first middle notch 16 in the middle of the working face 10; at the same time, before the second coal mining machine 32 reaches the second end 13, the second notching machine forms a second end notch 15 at the second end 13.

[0044] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in step S5, the second coal mining machine 32 cuts through the coal wall along the direction from the first end 12 to the second end 13, and moves to a position corresponding to the second end notch 15. The second coal mining machine 32 is controlled to move toward the direction close to the coal wall, so that the second coal mining machine 32 enters the second end notch 15 and is positioned; at the same time, the first coal mining machine 31 enters the first middle notch 16 and is positioned.

[0045] like Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, in steps S6 and S7, the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 cut coal normally in the direction from the second end 13 to the first end 12, and the middle notch machine 21 moves in the same direction therewith, and gradually forms the second middle notch 17 again in the middle of the working face 10; at the same time, before the first coal mining machine 31 reaches the first end 12, the first notch machine forms the first end notch 14 again at the first end 12.

[0046] like Fig.10 and Fig.11As shown, in step S8, the first coal mining machine 31 cuts through the coal wall along the direction from the second end 13 to the first end 12, and moves to a position corresponding to the first end notch 14. The first coal mining machine 31 is controlled to move toward the direction close to the coal wall, so that the first coal mining machine 31 enters the first end notch 14 and is positioned; at the same time, the second coal mining machine 32 enters the second middle notch 17 and is positioned.

[0047] Optionally, in steps S1, S4 and S7, the middle notch machine 21 stops moving after completing the opening of the first middle notch 16 or the second middle notch 17.

[0048] In some embodiments, in step S1, the length of the first end notch 14 is greater than or equal to the length of the first coal mining machine 31, the depth of the first end notch 14 is equal to the cutting depth of the first coal mining machine 31, and the depth of the second middle notch 17 is equal to the cutting depth of the second coal mining machine 32.

[0049] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 are coal shearers of the same model, that is, the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 have the same parameters such as size and cutting depth.

[0050] The first end notch 14, the first middle notch 16, the second end notch 15 and the second middle notch 17 are collectively referred to as notches, and the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 are collectively referred to as coal mining machines; the depth of the notch is the dimension of the notch in the advancing direction of the working face 10, which is the thickness of the coal wall that needs to be cut after the coal mining machine enters the notch; the length of the notch is the dimension of the notch in the length direction of the working face 10.

[0051] Through the above settings, in step S1, the depth of the first end notch 14 is equal to the cutting depth of the first coal mining machine 31, and the thickness of the coal wall that needs to be cut after the second coal mining machine 32 enters the second middle notch 17 is equal to the cutting depth of the second coal mining machine 32. After the first coal mining machine 31 enters the first end notch 14, it can cut through the coal wall by directly moving along the length direction of the working face 10 to cut coal.

[0052] Similarly, the depth of the second middle gap 17 is equal to the cutting depth of the second coal mining machine 32. The thickness of the coal wall that needs to be cut after the second coal mining machine 32 enters the second middle gap 17 is equal to the cutting depth of the second coal mining machine 32. The second coal mining machine 32 can directly cut coal after entering the second middle gap 17 and can also cut through the coal wall.

[0053] Therefore, the thickness of the coal wall that the first coal mining machine and the second coal mining machine need to cut matches their cutting capacity, which can prevent the occurrence of large cutting resistance and overload operation of the coal mining machine due to the thickness of the coal wall cut by the coal mining machine being greater than its cutting depth. While ensuring the normal operation of the coal mining machine, the cutting efficiency of the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 can be maximized, thereby improving the mining efficiency of the working face 10.

[0054] In addition, since the length of the first end notch 14 is greater than or equal to the length of the first coal mining machine 31, it is more convenient for the first coal mining machine 31 to enter the first end notch 14 and complete positioning.

[0055] In some embodiments, in step S4, the length of the second end notch 15 is greater than or equal to the length of the second coal cutter 32, the depth of the second end notch 15 is equal to twice the cutting depth of the second coal cutter 32, and the depth of the first middle notch 16 is equal to the cutting depth of the first coal cutter 31; In step S7 , the length of the first end notch 14 is greater than or equal to the length of the first coal mining machine 31 , the depth of the first end notch 14 is equal to twice the cutting depth of the first coal mining machine 31 , and the depth of the second middle notch 17 is equal to the cutting depth of the second coal mining machine 32 .

[0056] Through the above settings, in step S4 and step S5, after the second coal mining machine 32 cuts through the coal wall along the direction from the first end 12 to the second end 13, the depth of the second end notch 15 is reduced by the cutting depth of the second coal mining machine 32. After the second coal mining machine 32 enters the second end notch 15, the thickness of the coal wall it needs to cut is equal to the cutting depth of the second coal mining machine 32, and then the second coal mining machine 32 runs toward the first end 12 to cut through the coal wall; at the same time, after the first coal mining machine 31 enters the first middle notch 16, the thickness of the coal wall it needs to cut is equal to the cutting depth of the first coal mining machine 31, and then the first coal mining machine 31 runs toward the first end 12 to cut through the coal wall.

[0057] Similarly, in step S7 and step S8, after the first coal mining machine 31 cuts through the coal wall along the direction from the second end 13 to the first end 12, the depth of the first end notch 14 is also reduced by the cutting depth of the first coal mining machine 31. After the first coal mining machine 31 enters the first end notch 14, the thickness of the coal wall it needs to cut is equal to the cutting depth of the first coal mining machine 31, and then the first coal mining machine 31 runs toward the second end 13 to cut through the coal wall; at the same time, after the second coal mining machine 32 enters the second middle notch 17, the thickness of the coal wall it needs to cut is equal to the cutting depth of the second coal mining machine 32, and then the second coal mining machine 32 runs toward the second end 13 to cut through the coal wall.

[0058] In this way, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of situations such as large cutting resistance and overload operation of the coal mining machine due to the thickness of the coal wall cut by the coal mining machine being greater than its cutting depth. While ensuring the normal operation of the coal mining machine, the cutting efficiency of the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 is maximized, thereby improving the mining efficiency of the working face 10.

[0059] In addition, since the length of the first end notch 14 is greater than or equal to the length of the first coal mining machine 31, and the length of the second end notch 15 is greater than or equal to the length of the second coal mining machine 32, it is more convenient for the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 to enter the corresponding notches and complete their positioning.

[0060] In some embodiments, the time point when the first coal mining machine 31 enters the first end gap 14 is the same as the time point when the second coal mining machine 32 enters the second middle gap 17, and the time point when the first coal mining machine 31 enters the first middle gap 16 is the same as the time point when the second coal mining machine 32 enters the second end gap 15.

[0061] Through the above settings, the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 are in place at the same time point. In other words, the operating time of the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 is the same, so that the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 can always maintain the coal cutting state to maximize the mining speed.

[0062] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, when the second coal mining machine 32 is in place in the second middle notch 17 , the second coal mining machine 32 is located on the side of the center plane 11 away from the second end 13 , and the side of the second coal mining machine 32 away from the middle notch 21 is flush with the center plane 11 .

[0063] Therefore, in steps S3 to S5, the walking distance of the first coal mining machine 31 moving from the first end gap 14 to the first middle gap 16 is basically equal to the walking distance of the second coal mining machine 32 moving from the second middle gap 17 to the second end gap 15, thereby ensuring that the time point when the first coal mining machine 31 enters the first middle gap 16 is the same as the time point when the second coal mining machine 32 enters the second end gap 15.

[0064] like Figure 7 As shown, when the first coal mining machine 31 is in place in the first central notch 16 , the first coal mining machine 31 is located on the side of the central dividing surface 11 away from the first end 12 , and the side of the first coal mining machine 31 away from the central notch 21 is flush with the central dividing surface 11 .

[0065] Therefore, in steps S6 to S8, the walking distance of the first coal mining machine 31 moving from the first middle gap 16 to the first end gap 14 is basically equal to the walking distance of the second coal mining machine 32 moving from the second end gap 15 to the second middle gap 17. The first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 cut coal normally from the second end 13 to the first end 12 at the same time, thereby ensuring that the time point when the second coal mining machine 32 enters the second middle gap 17 is the same as the time point when the first coal mining machine 31 enters the first end gap 14.

[0066] Of course, in other embodiments, the operating speeds of the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 may be controlled so that the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 are in place at the same time point.

[0067] In some embodiments, the lengths of the first end notch 14 and the second end notch 15 are equal, the distances of the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 running without cutting are equal, the coal cutting speeds of the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 are equal, and the speeds of the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 running without cutting are equal; The length of the first end notch 14, the length of the middle notch machine 21 in position and the distance of the first coal mining machine 31 running without cutting satisfy the following formula: , like Fig.13 As shown, is the length of the first end notch 14, is the length of the middle notch machine 21 in place, is the distance that the first coal mining machine 31 runs without cutting, is the coal cutting speed of the first coal mining machine 31, It is the speed of the first coal mining machine 31 running with no cutter.

[0068] Therefore, according to the speed of the coal mining machine's empty cutter operation and the coal cutting speed of the shearer , the length of the gap can be , the length of the middle notch machine 21 in place , Distance of coal mining machine running without cutting The parameters such as the first and second coal shearers 31 and 32 are appropriately adjusted so that the time points at which the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 are in place are the same, and the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 always maintain the coal cutting state, thereby maximizing the mining speed of the working face 10.

[0069] Specifically, since the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 need to operate in coordination, the operation time of the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 need to be the same, that is, the time point when the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 are in place is the same, then the length of the gap , the length of the middle notch machine 21 in place , Distance of coal mining machine running without cutting The following formula needs to be satisfied: , like Fig.13 As shown, is the total length of the working surface 10, is the distance of the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 running without cutting, is the length of the first end notch 14 and the second end notch 15, is the length of the middle notch machine 21 in place, is the coal cutting speed of the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32, is the speed of the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 running without cutting; the above formula can be transformed to obtain the formula: , like Fig.13 As shown, after the first coal mining machine 31 is in place at the first middle notch 16, the minimum distance allowed between the middle notch machine 21 and the first coal mining machine 31 is the safety distance, and the length of the middle notch machine 21 in place is It is the sum of the length of the middle notch machine 21 and the safety spacing.

[0070] Optionally, the safety distance is 5m~7m.

[0071] Since the coal cutting speed of the coal mining machine is 5m / min~7m / min, by setting the safety distance to the above range, there is always a distance of about 1 minute between the first coal mining machine 31 (or the second coal mining machine 32) and the middle notching machine 21, that is, if the first coal mining machine 31 (or the second coal mining machine 32) collides with the middle notching machine 21, it needs to walk for about 1 minute, thereby preventing the first coal mining machine 31 (or the second coal mining machine 32) from colliding with the middle notching machine 21.

[0072] In some embodiments, at least one of the first coal mining machine 31, the second coal mining machine 32 and the middle notch machine 21 is provided with a distance meter, and the distance meter is used to monitor the distance between the middle notch machine 21 and the first coal mining machine 31; and / or the distance meter is used to monitor the distance between the middle notch machine 21 and the second coal mining machine 32.

[0073] By setting up the distance meter, the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 always maintain a safe distance from the middle notch machine 21, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the first coal mining machine 31, the second coal mining machine 32 and the middle notch machine 21.

[0074] Optionally, the rangefinder is an ultrasonic rangefinder.

[0075] Optionally, the first coal mining machine 31 , the second coal mining machine 32 and the middle notch machine 21 are all provided with a distance meter.

[0076] In some embodiments, the working face 10 is provided with a scraper conveyor 40 for guiding the movement of the first coal mining machine 31, the second coal mining machine 32 and the middle notch machine 21; Figure 5 As shown, step S3 also includes the following steps: The area after the first coal mining machine 31 cuts the coal is the first cut coal area, and the part of the scraper conveyor 40 corresponding to the first cut coal area is pushed toward the direction close to the coal wall. The area after the second coal mining machine 32 cuts the coal is the second cut coal area, and the part of the scraper conveyor 40 corresponding to the second cut coal area is pushed toward the direction close to the coal wall. like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, step S5 also includes the following steps: Control the scraper conveyor 40 to remain straight, so that the first coal mining machine 31 enters the first middle gap 16, and the second coal mining machine 32 enters the second end gap 15; like Fig. 9 As shown, step S6 also includes the following steps: The area after the first coal mining machine 31 cuts coal is the third cut coal area, and the part of the scraper conveyor 40 corresponding to the third cut coal area is pushed toward the direction close to the coal wall. The area after the second coal mining machine 32 cuts coal is the fourth cut coal area, and the part of the scraper conveyor 40 corresponding to the fourth cut coal area is pushed toward the direction close to the coal wall.

[0077] like Fig.11 As shown, step S8 also includes the following steps: Control the scraper conveyor 40 to remain straight, so that the first coal mining machine 31 enters the first end gap 14, and the second coal mining machine 32 enters the second middle gap 17; In the above steps S5 and S8, by controlling the scraper conveyor 40 to push and slide, the running trajectories of the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 can be controlled, so that the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 move along the propulsion direction of the working face 10, thereby realizing the coal machine positioning process of the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32. After that, the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 can run in the same direction under the guidance of the scraper conveyor 40 to enter the normal mining process of the coal mining machine.

[0078] In the above steps S3 and S6, the running trajectory of the middle notch machine 21 can be controlled by controlling the scraper conveyor 40 to push and slide, so that the first middle notch 16 and the second middle notch 17 can be formed in the middle of the working surface 10 by only controlling the moving direction of the middle notch machine 21.

[0079] Optionally, the first notch machine and the second notch machine are also connected to the scraper conveyor 40 and run through the scraper conveyor 40.

[0080] Therefore, the movement of the first notch machine and the second notch machine along the propulsion direction of the working surface 10 can be controlled by pushing the scraper conveyor 40, which is more conducive to forming the first end notch 14 and the second end notch 15 on the working surface 10 through the first notch machine and the second notch machine, and the control operation of the first notch machine and the second notch machine is more convenient.

[0081] like Figure 1 As shown, step S1 includes the following steps: The scraper conveyor 40 on the side of the center dividing surface 11 close to the first end 12 pushes the coal toward the coal wall, while the scraper conveyor 40 on the side of the center dividing surface 11 close to the second end 13 does not push the coal and has a gap with the coal wall. The center notching machine 21 enters the center of the working face 10 through the gap and cuts coal in the center of the working face 10 to form a second center notch 17.

[0082] Therefore, in step S1, half of the scraper conveyor 40 is pushed and the other half is not pushed, so that the scraper conveyor 40 naturally forms an S-bend in the middle of the working face 10, and the middle notch machine 21 walks along the S-bend toward the first end 12 to cut coal to form a second middle notch 17 for the second coal mining machine 32 to enter the coal wall.

[0083] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, step S2 includes the following steps: The first coal mining machine 31 is controlled to enter the first end gap 14, and the second coal mining machine 32 moves from the second end 13 to the first end 12, and enters the second middle gap 17 through the gap between the scraper conveyor 40 and the coal wall, and then the scraper conveyor 40 on the side of the scraper conveyor close to the second end 13 is pushed and slid toward the direction close to the coal wall, so that the scraper conveyor 40 remains straight.

[0084] By controlling the scraper conveyor 40 to remain straight, the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 can then enter a normal mining process along the direction from the first end 12 to the second end 13 .

[0085] In some embodiments, the working surface 10 is provided with a plurality of notching machines 20 , at least one notching machine is a first notching machine, and at least one notching machine is a middle notching machine 21 .

[0086] Optionally, the working surface 10 is provided with three notching machines 20, namely a first notching machine, a second notching machine and a middle notching machine.

[0087] In some embodiments, Fig.14 and Fig.15As shown, the notching machine 20 includes a frame 22, two first cutting devices 23 and a second cutting device 24. The frame 22 has a walking portion for connecting to the scraper conveyor 40; the two first cutting devices 23 are symmetrically arranged along the walking direction of the frame 22, and the first cutting device 23 includes a plurality of drill bit groups 231 arranged in sequence along the walking direction of the frame 22. The drill bit group 231 is rotatably connected to the frame 22 to form a circular cutting area. The rotation axis of the drill bit group 231 relative to the frame 22 is consistent with the walking direction of the frame 22; the second cutting device 24 is arranged at Between the two first cutting devices 23, the diameter of the cutting area formed by the multiple drill bit groups 231 decreases successively in the direction away from the second cutting device 24. The second cutting device 24 includes a swing arm 241 and a cutting drum 242. The swing arm 241 is swingably connected to the frame 22, and the cutting drum 242 is rotatably connected to the swing arm 241. The swing axis of the swing arm 241 relative to the frame 22 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the drill bit group 231 relative to the frame 22, and the rotation axis of the cutting drum 242 relative to the swing arm 241 is parallel to the swing axis of the swing arm 241 relative to the frame 22.

[0088] Through the connection between the frame 22 and the scraper conveyor 40, the notching machine 20 can move along the length direction of the working face 10 to cut coal to form a notch; in the process of the notching machine 20 moving and cutting coal, the multiple drill bit groups 231 of the first cutting device 23 located on the front side of the second cutting device 24 rotate to form multiple cutting areas on the coal wall. The multiple cutting areas are arranged in a cone shape from front to back, which can reduce the cutting resistance. The notch formed on the coal wall by the drill bit group 231 located on the front side is smaller. As the notching machine 20 moves forward, the notch formed on the coal wall by the multiple drill bit groups 231 gradually increases; at the same time, the cutting drum 242 of the second cutting device 24 rotates to continue cutting the coal wall, and cuts through the coal wall under the swing of the swing arm 241, thereby expanding the notch size so that the notch can be entered by the coal mining machine.

[0089] Therefore, in steps S1 to S9 of the dual coal mining method, a notch can be opened in the coal wall in advance by the notching machine 20, and the coal mining machine directly enters the coal wall through the notch to complete the coal mining machine positioning process, and then enters the normal mining process. There is no need to use an oblique cutting method to enter the coal wall, thereby increasing the coal cutting speed of the coal mining machine and further increasing the advancement speed of the working face 10.

[0090] Optionally, the connection structure of the frame 22 of the notching machine 20 to the scraper conveyor 40 is the same as the connection structure of the coal mining machine to the scraper conveyor 40.

[0091] As an example, Fig.15 and Fig.16As shown, the first cutting device 23 includes four drill bit groups 231, and the four drill bit groups 231 are arranged in a cone shape in sequence along the direction away from the second cutting device 24; the drill bit group 231 includes a rotating seat 2311 and six drill bits 2312, the rotating seat 2311 is columnar, and the six drill bits 2312 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the rotating seat 2311, and the drill bits 2312 can rotate around their own axes so that the drill bits 2312 can drill into the coal wall. At the same time, the rotating seat 2311 can rotate relative to the frame 22, thereby driving the six drill bits 2312 to rotate around the walking direction of the notching machine 20, thereby realizing the coal cutting action.

[0092] like Fig.16 and Fig.17 As shown, the drill bit 2312 includes a tooth seat 2312-1 and a plurality of first cutting teeth 2312-2. The tooth seat 2312-1 is rotatably connected to the rotating seat 2311 around its own axis. The tooth seat 2312-1 extends radially outward from the rotating seat 2311. The cross-section of a part of the tooth seat 2312-1 away from the rotating seat 2311 gradually decreases from the inside to the outside. The plurality of first cutting teeth 2312-2 are arranged in a spiral shape along the extension direction of the tooth seat 2312-1. Therefore, the drill bit 2312 can cut the coal wall by rotating around its own axis, and the cutting efficiency is relatively high.

[0093] like Fig.15 and Fig.18 As shown, the notching machine 20 also includes a transmission shaft 25 and a plurality of transmission components 26, the transmission shaft 25 is rotationally connected to the frame 22, a plurality of rotating seats 2311 are all mounted on the transmission shaft 25 and rotate synchronously therewith, the transmission component 26 corresponds to the rotating seat 2311 one by one, and the rotating seat 2311 is transmission-connected to the drill bit 2312 through the transmission component 26; the transmission component 26 includes a driving bevel gear 261 and a plurality of driven bevel gears 262 meshed with the driving bevel gear 261, the driving bevel gear 261 is mounted on the transmission shaft 25 and rotates synchronously therewith, so as to drive the plurality of driving bevel gears 261 to rotate synchronously through the transmission shaft 25; the driven bevel gear 262 corresponds to and is connected to the drill bit 2312 one by one, and the driven bevel gear 262 is rotationally connected to the rotating seat 2311 through the rotating shaft 2621, so as to improve the stability of the driven bevel gear 262 relative to the rotating seat 2311.

[0094] Therefore, the transmission shaft 25 drives the rotating seat 2311 to rotate, so that the multiple drill bits 2312 can be rotated around the walking direction of the notching machine 20; at the same time, the transmission shaft 25 drives the active bevel gear 261 to rotate, and through the engagement of the active bevel gear 261 and the driven bevel gear 262, it drives the multiple driven bevel gears 262 to rotate, and the multiple drill bits 2312 connected to the same rotating seat 2311 can be rotated around their own axes; thus, the rotation of the drill bit 2312 in two directions can be realized by only one power system, which saves more installation space.

[0095] like Fig.14 and Fig.15 As shown, the second cutting device 24 includes a swing arm 241 and a cutting drum 242. The cutting drum 242 includes a drum body 2421 and a plurality of second cutting teeth 2422. The drum body 2421 is cylindrical and rotatably connected to the swing arm 241. The plurality of second cutting teeth 2422 are arranged in a spiral shape along the axial direction of the drum body 2421. When the notching machine 20 is moving and cutting coal, the cutting drum 242 rotates and cuts the coal wall through the plurality of second cutting teeth 2422.

[0096] The swing arm 241 is rotatably connected to the frame 22 through a swing shaft. A jack 243 is provided on the frame 22. The cylinder of the jack 243 is hinged to the frame 22. The telescopic rod of the jack 243 is hinged to one end of the swing arm 241. The other end of the swing arm 241 is connected to the cutting drum 242. The connection position of the telescopic rod of the jack 243 on the swing arm 241 and the connection position of the cutting drum 242 on the swing arm 241 are respectively arranged on both sides of the swing shaft; thus, the swing arm 241 can be controlled to swing by the extension and retraction of the jack 243, thereby controlling the cutting drum 242 to swing in the up and down directions to cut through the coal wall.

[0097] There are two jacks 243 , namely a first jack and a second jack. The first jack and the second jack are arranged relatively on both sides of the swing arm 241 along the moving direction of the notching machine 20 .

[0098] The first jack can drive the swing arm 241 to swing from the vertical direction to one side, and the second jack can drive the swing arm 241 to swing 90 degrees from the vertical direction to the other side, that is, the swing angle of the swing arm 241 is 180 degrees, thereby improving the cutting efficiency of the second cutting device 24.

[0099] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual coal mining method, characterized in that: Suitable for coal mining at a working face, the working face having a first end and a second end, the dual coal mining method comprises the following steps: S1: using a first notching machine to cut coal at the first end to form a first end notch, and using a middle notching machine to cut coal at the middle of the working face to form a second middle notch; S2: Control the first coal mining machine to enter the first end gap, and control the second coal mining machine to move from the second end to the first end to enter the second middle gap; S3: The first coal shearer and the second coal shearer both cut coal along the direction from the first end to the second end.

2. The dual coal mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: S4: using the middle notch machine to cut coal in the middle of the working face to form a first middle notch, and using the second notch machine to cut coal at the second end to form a second end notch; S5: After the first coal shearer cuts through the coal wall, it runs without cutting and enters the first middle gap. Meanwhile, after the second coal shearer reaches the second end, the second coal shearer is controlled to enter the second end gap; S6: the first coal shearer and the second coal shearer both cut coal in a direction from the second end to the first end; S7: using the first notching machine to cut coal at the first end of the working surface to form the first end notch again, and using the middle notching machine to cut coal in the middle of the working surface to form the second middle notch again; S8: After the first coal shearer reaches the first end, the first coal shearer is controlled to enter the first end gap, and the second coal shearer cuts through the coal wall and then runs without cutting and enters the second middle gap; S9: Repeat steps S3 to S8 to implement coal mining on the working face.

3. The dual coal mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the length of the first end notch is greater than or equal to the length of the first coal mining machine, the depth of the first end notch is equal to the cutting depth of the first coal mining machine, and the depth of the second middle notch is equal to the cutting depth of the second coal mining machine.

4. The dual coal mining method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4, the length of the second end notch is greater than or equal to the length of the second coal mining machine, the depth of the second end notch is equal to twice the cutting depth of the second coal mining machine, and the depth of the first middle notch is equal to the cutting depth of the first coal mining machine; In step S7, the length of the first end notch is greater than or equal to the length of the first coal mining machine, the depth of the first end notch is equal to twice the cutting depth of the first coal mining machine, and the depth of the second middle notch is equal to the cutting depth of the second coal mining machine.

5. The dual coal mining method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The time point when the first coal mining machine enters the first end gap is the same as the time point when the second coal mining machine enters the second middle gap, and the time point when the first coal mining machine enters the first middle gap is the same as the time point when the second coal mining machine enters the second end gap.

6. The dual coal mining method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lengths of the first end notch and the second end notch are equal, the distances of the first coal shearer and the second coal shearer running with empty cutters are equal, the coal cutting speeds of the first coal shearer and the second coal shearer are equal, and the speeds of the first coal shearer and the second coal shearer running with empty cutters are equal; The length of the first end notch, the length of the middle notch machine in place and the distance of the first coal mining machine running without a cutter satisfy the following formula: ， in, is the length of the first end notch, is the length of the middle notch machine in place, is the distance that the first coal mining machine runs without cutting, is the coal cutting speed of the first coal mining machine, is the speed at which the first coal mining machine runs with its knife running empty.

7. The dual coal mining method according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least one of the first coal mining machine, the second coal mining machine and the center notch machine is provided with a distance meter, and the distance meter is used to monitor the distance between the center notch machine and the first coal mining machine; and / or The distance meter is used to monitor the distance between the middle notch machine and the second coal mining machine.

8. The dual coal mining method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The working surface is provided with a scraper conveyor for guiding the movement of the first coal mining machine, the second coal mining machine and the middle notch machine; the step S3 further includes the following steps: The area after the first coal mining machine cuts the coal is the first cut coal area, and the portion of the scraper conveyor corresponding to the first cut coal area is pushed and slid toward the direction close to the coal wall; the area after the second coal mining machine cuts the coal is the second cut coal area, and the portion of the scraper conveyor corresponding to the second cut coal area is pushed and slid toward the direction close to the coal wall; The step S5 further comprises the following steps: Controlling the scraper conveyor to remain straight so that the first coal mining machine enters the first middle gap and the second coal mining machine enters the second end gap; The step S6 further comprises the following steps: The area after the first coal mining machine cuts the coal is the third cut coal area, and the portion of the scraper conveyor corresponding to the third cut coal area is pushed and slid toward the direction close to the coal wall; the area after the second coal mining machine cuts the coal is the fourth cut coal area, and the portion of the scraper conveyor corresponding to the fourth cut coal area is pushed and slid toward the direction close to the coal wall; The step S8 further comprises the following steps: The scraper conveyor is controlled to remain straight so that the first coal mining machine enters the first end gap and the second coal mining machine enters the second middle gap.

9. The dual coal mining method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The working surface is provided with a plurality of notching machines, at least one of the notching machines is the first notching machine, and at least one of the notching machines is the middle notching machine.

10. The dual coal mining method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The notching machine comprises: A frame having a walking portion for connecting to a scraper conveyor; Two first cutting devices, the two first cutting devices are symmetrically arranged along the travel direction of the frame, the first cutting device comprises a plurality of drill bit groups arranged in sequence along the travel direction of the frame, the drill bit groups are rotatably connected to the frame to form a circular cutting area, and the rotation axis of the drill bit group relative to the frame is consistent with the travel direction of the frame; A second cutting device, wherein the second cutting device is arranged between the two first cutting devices, and the diameter of the cutting area formed by the plurality of drill bit groups decreases successively in the direction away from the second cutting device. The second cutting device comprises a swing arm and a cutting drum, wherein the swing arm is swingably connected to the frame, and the cutting drum is rotatably connected to the swing arm, and the swing axis of the swing arm relative to the frame is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the drill bit group relative to the frame, and the rotation axis of the cutting drum relative to the swing arm is parallel to the swing axis of the swing arm relative to the frame.

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