Double coal mining method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a double shearer mining method, which includes the following steps: S1: Use a first notch machine to cut coal at the first end to form a first end notch, and use a middle notch machine to cut coal in the middle of the working face to form a second middle notch; S2: Control the first shearer to enter the first end notch, and control the second shearer to move from the second end to the first end to enter the second middle notch; S3: Both the first shearer and the second shearer cut coal along the direction from the first end to the second end. In the double shearer mining method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the shearer can enter the coal wall for normal mining without oblique cutting, the process is simpler, and the coal cutting speed is faster, so that the mining efficiency and advancing speed of the working face can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal mining methods, and particularly relates to a double shearer mining method. Background Art

[0002] The double shearer mining method is mainly used for coal mining in extra-long working faces, and it includes: setting a left shearer and a right shearer on the working face. The left shearer enters the coal wall from the left end of the working face in a way of inclined cutting to enter the coal wall, and then runs towards the middle of the working face to cut coal normally. After reaching the middle of the working face, the left shearer enters the coal wall in a way of inclined cutting, and then runs towards the left end of the working face to continue cutting coal; the right shearer enters the coal wall from the right end of the working face in a way of inclined cutting, and then runs towards the middle of the working face to cut coal normally, and cuts through the triangular coal left by the left shearer. After cutting through the triangular coal, the right shearer enters the coal wall in a way of inclined cutting, and then runs towards the right end of the working face to continue cutting coal; thus, the two shearers cut coal alternately, and the mining efficiency is relatively high.

[0003] In the above double shearer mining method, the shearer needs to enter the coal wall in a way of inclined cutting before it can cut coal normally. However, the process of inclined cutting is complex and time-consuming. Generally, it includes processes such as inclined cutting of the machine body, leveling of the machine body, pushing the scraper conveyor, reverse cutting through, and clearing floating coal with an empty cutter. Moreover, when cutting in an inclined way, the cutting speed of the shearer is slow, which seriously affects the advancing speed of the working face and leads to a reduction in the mining efficiency of the working face. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.

[0005] Therefore, an embodiment of the present invention provides a double shearer mining method, in which the shearer can enter the coal wall for normal mining without inclined cutting, the process is simpler, and the cutting speed is faster, so as to improve the mining efficiency and advancing speed of the working face.

[0006] The double shearer mining method according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0007] S1: Using a first notch machine to cut coal at the first end to form a first end notch, and using a middle notch machine to cut coal in the middle of the working face to form a second middle notch;

[0008] S2: Controlling the first shearer to enter the first end notch, and controlling the second shearer to move from the second end to the first end to enter the second middle notch;

[0009] S3: Both the first shearer and the second shearer cut coal along the direction from the first end to the second end.

[0010] In some embodiments, the double coal mining method further includes the following steps:

[0011] S4: Using the middle notch machine to cut coal in the middle of the working face to form a first middle notch, and using a second notch machine to cut coal at the second end to form a second end notch;

[0012] S5: After the first shearer cuts through the coal wall, it runs with an empty cutter and enters the first middle notch. At the same time, after the second shearer reaches the second end, control the second shearer to enter the second end notch;

[0013] S6: Both the first shearer and the second shearer cut coal in the direction from the second end to the first end;

[0014] S7: Using the first notch machine to cut coal at the first end of the working face to form the first end notch again, and using the middle notch machine to cut coal in the middle of the working face to form the second middle notch again;

[0015] S8: After the first shearer reaches the first end, control the first shearer to enter the first end notch, and after the second shearer cuts through the coal wall, it runs with an empty cutter and enters the second middle notch;

[0016] S9: Repeat steps S3 to S8 to realize the coal mining work on the working face.

[0017] In some embodiments, in step S1, the length of the first end notch is greater than or equal to the length of the first shearer, the depth of the first end notch is equal to the cutting depth of the first shearer, and the depth of the second middle notch is equal to the cutting depth of the second shearer.

[0018] In some embodiments, in step S4, the length of the second end notch is greater than or equal to the length of the second shearer, the depth of the second end notch is equal to twice the cutting depth of the second shearer, and the depth of the first middle notch is equal to the cutting depth of the first shearer; in step S7, the length of the first end notch is greater than or equal to the length of the first shearer, the depth of the first end notch is equal to twice the cutting depth of the first shearer, and the depth of the second middle notch is equal to the cutting depth of the second shearer.

[0019] In some embodiments, the time point when the first shearer enters the first end notch is the same as the time point when the second shearer enters the second middle notch, and the time point when the first shearer enters the first middle notch is the same as the time point when the second shearer enters the second end notch.

[0020] In some embodiments, the lengths of the first end notch and the second end notch are equal, the distances that the first coal shearer and the second coal shearer run without cutting coal are equal, the coal cutting speeds of the first coal shearer and the second coal shearer are equal, and the speeds of the first coal shearer and the second coal shearer running without cutting coal are equal;

[0021] The length of the first end notch, the positioning length of the middle notch machine, and the distance that the first coal shearer runs without cutting coal satisfy the following formula:

[0022] ,

[0023] wherein, is the length of the first end notch, is the positioning length of the middle notch machine, is the distance that the first coal shearer runs without cutting coal, is the coal cutting speed of the first coal shearer, is the speed of the first coal shearer running without cutting coal.

[0024] In some embodiments, at least one of the first coal shearer, the second coal shearer, and the middle notch machine is provided with a rangefinder, and the rangefinder is used to monitor the distance between the middle notch machine and the first coal shearer; and / or the rangefinder is used to monitor the distance between the middle notch machine and the second coal shearer.

[0025] In some embodiments, the working face is provided with a scraper conveyor for guiding the movement of the first coal shearer, the second coal shearer, and the middle notch machine; the step S3 further includes the following steps:

[0026] The area after the first coal shearer cuts coal is the first coal-cut area, and the part of the scraper conveyor corresponding to the first coal-cut area is pushed towards the coal wall; the area after the second coal shearer cuts coal is the second coal-cut area, and the part of the scraper conveyor corresponding to the second coal-cut area is pushed towards the coal wall;

[0027] The step S5 further includes the following steps:

[0028] Control the scraper conveyor to be straight so that the first coal shearer enters the first middle notch and the second coal shearer enters the second end notch;

[0029] The step S6 further includes the following steps:

[0030] The area after the first coal shearer cuts coal is the third cut coal area. Push the part of the scraper conveyor corresponding to the third cut coal area towards the coal wall. The area after the second coal shearer cuts coal is the fourth cut coal area. Push the part of the scraper conveyor corresponding to the fourth cut coal area towards the coal wall.

[0031] The step S8 further includes the following steps:

[0032] Control the scraper conveyor to keep straight so that the first coal shearer enters the first end notch and the second coal shearer enters the second middle notch.

[0033] In some embodiments, the working face is provided with a plurality of notch machines. At least one of the notch machines is the first notch machine, and at least one of the notch machines is the middle notch machine.

[0034] In some embodiments, the notch machine includes a frame, a second cutting device and two first cutting devices. The frame has a traveling part for connecting the scraper conveyor. The two first cutting devices are symmetrically arranged along the traveling direction of the frame. The first cutting device includes a plurality of drill bit groups arranged in sequence along the traveling direction of the frame. The drill bit groups are rotatably connected to the frame to form a circular cutting area. The rotation axis of the drill bit group relative to the frame is consistent with the traveling direction of the frame. The second cutting device is arranged between the two first cutting devices. The diameter of the cutting area formed by the plurality of drill bit groups decreases in sequence along the direction away from the second cutting device. The second cutting device includes a swing arm and a cutting drum. The swing arm is swingably connected to the frame. The cutting drum is rotatably connected to the swing arm. The swing axis of the swing arm relative to the frame is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the drill bit group relative to the frame. The rotation axis of the cutting drum relative to the swing arm is parallel to the swing axis of the swing arm relative to the frame.

[0035] In the double coal shearer mining method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the first notch machine is used to cut coal at the first end of the working face to form a first end notch for the first coal shearer to enter the coal wall. The middle notch machine is used to cut coal in the middle of the working face to form a second middle notch for the second coal shearer to enter the coal wall. After the first coal shearer and the second coal shearer enter the coal wall, they can directly carry out normal coal cutting operations. Compared with the mining method in the related art where the coal shearer needs to use the oblique cutting method to enter the coal wall, in the double coal shearer mining method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the coal shearer can enter the coal wall without oblique cutting. The process is simpler and the coal cutting speed is faster, so as to improve the mining efficiency and advancing speed of the working face. Description of the Drawings

[0036] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the state of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 。

[0037] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the state of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 。

[0038] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the state of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 。

[0039] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the state of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 。

[0040] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the state of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 5 。

[0041] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the state of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 6 。

[0042] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the state of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 7 。

[0043] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the state of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 8 。

[0044] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the state of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 9 。

[0045] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the state of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 10 。

[0046] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the state of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 11 One.

[0047] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the state of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 12 Two.

[0048] Figure 13 Dimension marking diagram of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 14It is a schematic structural diagram of the gap machine in the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 15 It is a schematic structural diagram of the gap machine in another angle in the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 16 It is a schematic structural diagram of the drill bit group of the gap machine in the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 17 It is along the Figure 16 drill bit of the gap machine in the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 18 It is a schematic principle diagram of the transmission assembly of the gap machine in the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Reference numerals:

[0055] 10, working face; 11, middle dividing surface; 12, first end; 13, second end; 14, first end gap; 15, second end gap; 16, first middle gap; 17, second middle gap;

[0056] 20, gap machine; 21, middle gap machine; 22, frame; 23, first cutting device; 231, drill bit group; 2311, rotating seat; 2312, drill bit; 2312-1, tooth seat; 2312-2, first cutting tooth; 24, second cutting device; 241, swing arm; 242, cutting drum; 2421, drum body; 2422, second cutting tooth; 243, jack; 25, transmission shaft; 26, transmission assembly; 261, driving bevel gear; 262, driven bevel gear; 2621, rotating shaft;

[0057] 31, first shearer; 32, second shearer;

[0058] 40, scraper conveyor. Detailed implementation manners

[0059] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0060] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, the working face 10 has a middle dividing face 11, a first end 12 and a second end 13. Roadways are provided at both ends along the length direction of the working face 10. The first end 12 and the second end 13 are respectively arranged close to the roadways at both ends of the working face 10. The middle dividing face 11 is arranged between the first end 12 and the second end 13 and divides the working face 10 equally along its length direction. The working face 10 is provided with a first coal shearer 31 and a second coal shearer 32. Both the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 run along the length direction of the working face 10. The first coal shearer 31 mainly mines the working face 10 on one side of the middle dividing face 11 close to the first end 12, and the second coal shearer 32 mainly mines the working face 10 on one side of the middle dividing face 11 close to the second end 13.

[0061] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, the double coal shearer mining method of the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0062] S1: Use a first notch machine (not shown in the figure) to cut coal at the first end 12 to form a first end notch 14, and use a middle notch machine 21 to cut coal in the middle of the working face 10 to form a second middle notch 17;

[0063] S2: Control the first coal shearer 31 to enter the first end notch 14, and control the second coal shearer 32 to move from the second end 13 to the first end 12 to enter the second middle notch 17;

[0064] S3: Both the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 cut coal along the direction from the first end 12 to the second end 13.

[0065] For the double coal shearer mining method of the embodiment of the present invention, a first notch machine is used to cut coal at the first end 12 of the working face 10 to form a first end notch 14 for the first coal shearer 31 to enter the coal wall, and a middle notch machine 21 is used to cut coal in the middle of the working face 10 to form a second middle notch 17 for the second coal shearer 32 to enter the coal wall. After the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 enter the coal wall, they can directly carry out normal coal cutting operations. Compared with the mining method in the related technology where the coal shearer needs to use the oblique cutting method to enter the coal wall, for the double coal shearer mining method of the embodiment of the present invention, the coal shearer can enter the coal wall without oblique cutting, the process is simpler, the coal cutting speed is faster, and thus the mining efficiency and advancing speed of the working face 10 can be improved.

[0066] In some embodiments, as Figures 5 to 12 shown, the double coal shearer mining method further includes the following steps:

[0067] S4: Use a middle notch machine 21 to cut coal in the middle of the working face 10 to form a first middle notch 16, and use a second notch machine (not shown in the figure) to cut coal at the second end 13 to form a second end notch 15;

[0068] S5: After the first coal shearer 31 cuts through the coal wall, it runs with an empty cutter and enters the first middle notch 16. Meanwhile, after the second coal shearer 32 reaches the second end 13, control the second coal shearer 32 to enter the second end notch 15;

[0069] S6: Both the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 cut coal along the direction from the second end 13 to the first end 12;

[0070] S7: Use the first notch machine to cut coal at the first end 12 of the working face 10 to form the first end notch 14 again, and use the middle notch machine 21 to cut coal in the middle of the working face 10 to form the second middle notch 17 again;

[0071] S8: After the first coal shearer 31 reaches the first end 12, control the first coal shearer 31 to enter the first end notch 14. After the second coal shearer 32 cuts through the coal wall, it runs with an empty cutter and enters the second middle notch 17;

[0072] S9: Repeat steps S3 to S8 to realize the coal mining work on the working face 10.

[0073] In the above steps, use the middle notch machine 21 to cut coal in the middle of the working face 10 to form the first middle notch 16 for the first coal shearer 31 to enter the coal wall, and use the second notch machine to cut coal at the second end 13 of the working face 10 to form the second end notch 15 for the second coal shearer 32 to enter the coal wall. Thus, during the whole mining process of the double - coal - shearer mining method of the embodiment of the present invention, the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 can directly enter the coal wall for normal coal - cutting operations in the middle and at the ends of the working face 10, without using the way of oblique cutting to enter the coal wall, thereby greatly improving the mining efficiency of the working face 10.

[0074] It can be understood that the double - coal - shearer mining method of the embodiment of the present invention includes two processes: coal shearer in - place and normal coal mining by coal shearer. For example, steps S2, S5, and S8 are the coal shearer in - place processes, and steps S3 and S6 are the normal coal mining processes by coal shearer.

[0075] Specifically, as Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, in steps S3 and S4, the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 cut coal normally along the direction from the first end 12 to the second end 13, and the middle notch machine 21 moves in the same direction accordingly, and forms the first middle notch 16 in the middle of the working face 10. Meanwhile, before the second coal shearer 32 reaches the second end 13, the second notch machine forms the second end notch 15 at the second end 13.

[0076] As Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, in step S5, the second coal shearer 32 cuts through the coal wall in the direction from the first end 12 to the second end 13, and moves to a position corresponding to the second end notch 15. By controlling the second coal shearer 32 to move towards the coal wall, the second coal shearer 32 can enter the second end notch 15 to complete the positioning; meanwhile, the first coal shearer 31 enters the first middle notch 16 to complete the positioning.

[0077] As Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown, in steps S6 and S7, the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 cut coal normally in the direction from the second end 13 to the first end 12, and the middle notch machine 21 moves in the same direction accordingly, and gradually forms a second middle notch 17 again in the middle of the working face 10; meanwhile, before the first coal shearer 31 reaches the first end 12, the first notch machine forms a first end notch 14 again at the first end 12.

[0078] As Figure 10 and Figure 11 shown, in step S8, the first coal shearer 31 cuts through the coal wall in the direction from the second end 13 to the first end 12, and moves to a position corresponding to the first end notch 14. By controlling the first coal shearer 31 to move towards the coal wall, the first coal shearer 31 can enter the first end notch 14 to complete the positioning; meanwhile, the second coal shearer 32 enters the second middle notch 17 to complete the positioning.

[0079] Optionally, in steps S1, S4, and S7, after the middle notch machine 21 completes the opening of the first middle notch 16 or the second middle notch 17, it stops walking.

[0080] In some embodiments, in step S1, the length of the first end notch 14 is greater than or equal to the length of the first coal shearer 31, the depth of the first end notch 14 is equal to the cutting depth of the first coal shearer 31, and the depth of the second middle notch 17 is equal to the cutting depth of the second coal shearer 32.

[0081] In the embodiments of the present invention, the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 are coal shearers of the same model, that is, parameters such as the size and cutting depth of the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 are equal.

[0082] The first end notch 14, the first middle notch 16, the second end notch 15, and the second middle notch 17 are collectively referred to as notches, and the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 are collectively referred to as coal shearers; the depth of the notch is the dimension of the notch in the advancing direction of the working face 10, and this dimension is the thickness of the coal wall that needs to be cut after the coal shearer enters the notch; the length of the notch is the dimension of the notch in the length direction of the working face 10.

[0083] With the above settings, in step S1, the depth of the first end notch 14 is equal to the cutting depth of the first shearer 31. Then, after the second shearer 32 enters the second middle notch 17, the thickness of the coal wall that needs to be cut is equal to the cutting depth of the second shearer 32. After the first shearer 31 enters the first end notch 14, it can cut through the coal wall by directly moving along the length direction of the working face 10 to cut coal.

[0084] Similarly, the depth of the second middle notch 17 is equal to the cutting depth of the second shearer 32. Then, after the second shearer 32 enters the second middle notch 17, the thickness of the coal wall that needs to be cut is equal to the cutting depth of the second shearer 32. After the second shearer 32 enters the second middle notch 17 and directly cuts coal, it can also cut through the coal wall.

[0085] Thus, the thickness of the coal wall that the first shearer and the second shearer need to cut matches their cutting capabilities, which can prevent phenomena such as excessive cutting resistance and overloading of the shearer caused by the thickness of the coal wall cut by the shearer being greater than its cutting depth. While ensuring the normal operation of the shearer, it can maximize the cutting efficiency of the first shearer 31 and the second shearer 32, thereby improving the mining efficiency of the working face 10.

[0086] In addition, since the length of the first end notch 14 is greater than or equal to the length of the first shearer 31, it is more conducive to the first shearer 31 entering the first end notch 14 to complete the positioning.

[0087] In some embodiments, in step S4, the length of the second end notch 15 is greater than or equal to the length of the second shearer 32, the depth of the second end notch 15 is equal to twice the cutting depth of the second shearer 32, and the depth of the first middle notch 16 is equal to the cutting depth of the first shearer 31;

[0088] In step S7, the length of the first end notch 14 is greater than or equal to the length of the first shearer 31, the depth of the first end notch 14 is equal to twice the cutting depth of the first shearer 31, and the depth of the second middle notch 17 is equal to the cutting depth of the second shearer 32.

[0089] With the above settings, in steps S4 and S5, after the second shearer 32 cuts through the coal wall along the direction from the first end 12 to the second end 13, the depth of the second end notch 15 decreases by one cutting depth of the second shearer 32. After the second shearer 32 enters the second end notch 15, the thickness of the coal wall that it needs to cut is equal to the cutting depth of the second shearer 32. Then, when the second shearer 32 runs towards the first end 12, it can cut through the coal wall; at the same time, after the first shearer 31 enters the first middle notch 16, the thickness of the coal wall that it needs to cut is equal to the cutting depth of the first shearer 31. Then, when the first shearer 31 runs towards the first end 12, it can cut through the coal wall.

[0090] Similarly, in steps S7 and S8, after the first coal shearer 31 cuts through the coal wall in the direction from the second end 13 to the first end 12, the depth of the first end notch 14 also decreases by the cutting depth of the first coal shearer 31. After the first coal shearer 31 enters the first end notch 14, the thickness of the coal wall that needs to be cut is equal to the cutting depth of the first coal shearer 31. Then, when the first coal shearer 31 runs towards the second end 13, it can cut through the coal wall. At the same time, after the second coal shearer 32 enters the second middle notch 17, the thickness of the coal wall that needs to be cut is equal to the cutting depth of the second coal shearer 32. Then, when the second coal shearer 32 runs towards the second end 13, it can cut through the coal wall.

[0091] Therefore, it is possible to prevent situations such as large cutting resistance and overloading of the coal shearer caused by the thickness of the coal wall cut by the coal shearer being greater than its cutting depth. While ensuring the normal operation of the coal shearer, the cutting efficiency of the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 can be maximally improved, thereby improving the mining efficiency of the working face 10.

[0092] In addition, since the length of the first end notch 14 is greater than or equal to the length of the first coal shearer 31, and the length of the second end notch 15 is greater than or equal to the length of the second coal shearer 32, it is more conducive for the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 to enter the corresponding notches to complete the positioning.

[0093] In some embodiments, the time point when the first coal shearer 31 enters the first end notch 14 is the same as the time point when the second coal shearer 32 enters the second middle notch 17, and the time point when the first coal shearer 31 enters the first middle notch 16 is the same as the time point when the second coal shearer 32 enters the second end notch 15.

[0094] With the above settings, the positioning time points of the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 are the same. In other words, the running times of the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 are the same, so that the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 can always maintain the coal cutting state to maximally improve the mining speed.

[0095] Specifically, as Figure 3 shown, when the second coal shearer 32 is positioned in the second middle notch 17, the second coal shearer 32 is located on the side of the middle dividing plane 11 away from the second end 13, and the side of the second coal shearer 32 away from the middle notch machine 21 is flush with the middle dividing plane 11.

[0096] Thus, in steps S3 to S5, the traveling distance of the first coal shearer 31 from the first end notch 14 to the first middle notch 16 is basically equal to the traveling distance of the second coal shearer 32 from the second middle notch 17 to the second end notch 15, so that the time point when the first coal shearer 31 enters the first middle notch 16 can be ensured to be the same as the time point when the second coal shearer 32 enters the second end notch 15.

[0097] As Figure 7 shown, when the first coal shearer 31 is in place at the first middle notch 16, the first coal shearer 31 is located on the side of the middle dividing plane 11 away from the first end 12, and the side of the first coal shearer 31 away from the middle notch machine 21 is flush with the middle dividing plane 11.

[0098] Thus, in steps S6 to S8, the traveling distance of the first coal shearer 31 from the first middle notch 16 to the first end notch 14 is substantially equal to the traveling distance of the second coal shearer 32 from the second end notch 15 to the second middle notch 17. The first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 simultaneously cut coal normally from the second end 13 to the first end 12, so as to ensure that the time point when the second coal shearer 32 enters the second middle notch 17 is the same as the time point when the first coal shearer 31 enters the first end notch 14.

[0099] Of course, in other embodiments, the running speeds of the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 can also be controlled so that the in-place time points of the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 are the same.

[0100] In some embodiments, the lengths of the first end notch 14 and the second end notch 15 are equal, the distances of the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 running with empty cutters are equal, the coal cutting speeds of the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 are equal, and the running speeds of the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 running with empty cutters are equal;

[0101] The length of the first end notch 14, the in-place length of the middle notch machine 21, and the distance of the first coal shearer 31 running with an empty cutter satisfy the following formula:

[0102] ,

[0103] As Figure 13 shown, where is the length of the first end notch 14, is the in-place length of the middle notch machine 21, is the distance of the first coal shearer 31 running with an empty cutter, is the coal cutting speed of the first coal shearer 31, is the running speed of the first coal shearer 31 running with an empty cutter.

[0104] Thus, according to the running speed of the coal shearer running with an empty cutter and the coal cutting speed of the coal shearer, the length of the notch, the in-place length of the middle notch machine 21, and the distance Adjust the parameters appropriately so that the first shearer 31 and the second shearer 32 are in place at the same time point, and the first shearer 31 and the second shearer 32 always maintain the coal cutting state, thereby maximizing the mining speed of the working face 10.

[0105] Specifically, since the first shearer 31 and the second shearer 32 need to operate in coordination, the operating times of the first shearer 31 and the second shearer 32 need to be the same, that is, the first shearer 31 and the second shearer 32 are in place at the same time point, then the length of the gap , the in-place length of the middle gap machine 21 , the distance of the shearer running with empty cutter need to satisfy the following formula:

[0106] ,

[0107] As Figure 13 shown, where is the total length of the working face 10, is the distance of the first shearer 31 and the second shearer 32 running with empty cutter, is the length of the first end gap 14 and the second end gap 15, is the in-place length of the middle gap machine 21, is the coal cutting speed of the first shearer 31 and the second shearer 32, is the speed of the first shearer 31 and the second shearer 32 running with empty cutter; by transforming the above formula, the formula can be obtained:

[0108] ,

[0109] As Figure 13 shown, after the first shearer 31 is in place at the first middle gap 16, the minimum allowable distance between the middle gap machine 21 and the first shearer 31 is the safety distance, and the in-place length of the middle gap machine 21 is the sum of the length of the middle gap machine 21 and this safety distance.

[0110] Optionally, the safety distance is 5m to 7m.

[0111] Since the coal cutting speed of the shearer is 5m / min to 7m / min, by setting the safety distance within the above range, there is always a distance of about 1 minute between the first shearer 31 (or the second shearer 32) and the middle gap machine 21, that is, if the first shearer 31 (or the second shearer 32) collides with the middle gap machine 21, it needs to travel for about 1 minute, thereby preventing the first shearer 31 (or the second shearer 32) from colliding with the middle gap machine 21.

[0112] In some embodiments, at least one of the first coal mining machine 31, the second coal mining machine 32, and the middle gap machine 21 is provided with a rangefinder, and the rangefinder is used to monitor the distance between the middle gap machine 21 and the first coal mining machine 31; and / or the rangefinder is used to monitor the distance between the middle gap machine 21 and the second coal mining machine 32.

[0113] By arranging the rangefinder, the first coal mining machine 31 and the second coal mining machine 32 can always maintain a safe distance from the middle gap machine 21, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the first coal mining machine 31, the second coal mining machine 32, and the middle gap machine 21.

[0114] Optionally, the rangefinder is an ultrasonic rangefinder.

[0115] Optionally, rangefinders are provided on the first coal mining machine 31, the second coal mining machine 32, and the middle gap machine 21.

[0116] In some embodiments, the working face 10 is provided with a scraper conveyor 40 for guiding the movement of the first coal mining machine 31, the second coal mining machine 32, and the middle gap machine 21; as Figure 5 shown, step S3 further includes the following steps:

[0117] The area after the first coal mining machine 31 cuts coal is the first cut coal area, and the part of the scraper conveyor 40 corresponding to the first cut coal area is pushed towards the coal wall. The area after the second coal mining machine 32 cuts coal is the second cut coal area, and the part of the scraper conveyor 40 corresponding to the second cut coal area is pushed towards the coal wall;

[0118] As Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, step S5 further includes the following steps:

[0119] Control the scraper conveyor 40 to keep it straight so that the first coal mining machine 31 enters the first middle gap 16 and the second coal mining machine 32 enters the second end gap 15;

[0120] As Figure 9 shown, step S6 further includes the following steps:

[0121] The area after the first coal mining machine 31 cuts coal is the third cut coal area, and the part of the scraper conveyor 40 corresponding to the third cut coal area is pushed towards the coal wall. The area after the second coal mining machine 32 cuts coal is the fourth cut coal area, and the part of the scraper conveyor 40 corresponding to the fourth cut coal area is pushed towards the coal wall.

[0122] As Figure 11 shown, step S8 further includes the following steps:

[0123] Control the scraper conveyor 40 to keep it straight so that the first coal shearer 31 enters the first end notch 14 and the second coal shearer 32 enters the second middle notch 17;

[0124] In the above steps S5 and S8, by controlling the scraper conveyor 40 to push the scraper, the running trajectories of the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 can be controlled, so that the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 move along the advancing direction of the working face 10, thereby realizing the coal shearer positioning process of the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32. After that, the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 can enter the normal coal mining process of the coal shearer by running in the same direction under the guidance of the scraper conveyor 40.

[0125] In the above steps S3 and S6, by controlling the scraper conveyor 40 to push the scraper, the running trajectory of the middle notch machine 21 can be controlled, so that only by controlling the moving direction of the middle notch machine 21 can the first middle notch 16 and the second middle notch 17 be formed in the middle of the working face 10.

[0126] Optionally, the first notch machine and the second notch machine are also connected to the scraper conveyor 40 and run through the scraper conveyor 40.

[0127] Thus, by pushing the scraper of the scraper conveyor 40, the movement of the first notch machine and the second notch machine along the advancing direction of the working face 10 can be controlled, which is more conducive to forming the first end notch 14 and the second end notch 15 on the working face 10 by the first notch machine and the second notch machine, and the control operation of the first notch machine and the second notch machine is more convenient.

[0128] As Figure 1 shown, step S1 includes the following steps:

[0129] The scraper conveyor 40 on the side of the mid-plane 11 close to the first end 12 is pushed towards the coal wall, the scraper conveyor 40 on the side of the mid-plane 11 close to the second end 13 is not pushed and there is a gap between it and the coal wall, and the middle notch machine 21 enters the middle of the working face 10 through this gap and cuts coal in the middle of the working face 10 to form the second middle notch 17.

[0130] Thus, in step S1, half of the scraper conveyor 40 is pushed and the other half is not pushed, so that a natural S-bend is formed in the middle of the scraper conveyor 40 on the working face 10, and the middle notch machine 21 walks along this S-bend and cuts coal towards the direction of the first end 12 to form the second middle notch 17 for the second coal shearer 32 to enter the coal wall.

[0131] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, step S2 includes the following steps:

[0132] Control the first coal shearer 31 to enter the first end notch 14, move the second coal shearer 32 from the second end 13 towards the first end 12, enter the second middle notch 17 through the gap between the scraper conveyor 40 and the coal wall, and then push the scraper conveyor 40 on the side close to the second end 13 of the scraper conveyor 40 towards the direction close to the coal wall to keep the scraper conveyor 40 straight.

[0133] By controlling the scraper conveyor 40 to be straight, then the first coal shearer 31 and the second coal shearer 32 can enter the normal mining process along the direction from the first end 12 to the second end 13.

[0134] In some embodiments, the working face 10 is provided with a plurality of notch machines 20, at least one notch machine is the first notch machine, and at least one notch machine is the middle notch machine 21.

[0135] Optionally, the working face 10 is provided with three notch machines 20, namely the first notch machine, the second notch machine and the middle notch machine.

[0136] In some embodiments, as Figure 14 and Figure 15 shown, the notch machine 20 includes a frame 22, two first cutting devices 23 and a second cutting device 24. The frame 22 has a traveling part for connecting the scraper conveyor 40; the two first cutting devices 23 are symmetrically arranged along the traveling direction of the frame 22. The first cutting device 23 includes a plurality of drill bit groups 231 arranged in sequence along the traveling direction of the frame 22. The drill bit groups 231 are rotatably connected to the frame 22 to form a circular cutting area. The rotation axis of the drill bit groups 231 relative to the frame 22 is consistent with the traveling direction of the frame 22; the second cutting device 24 is arranged between the two first cutting devices 23. The diameter of the cutting area formed by the plurality of drill bit groups 231 decreases in sequence along the direction away from the second cutting device 24. The second cutting device 24 includes a swing arm 241 and a cutting drum 242. The swing arm 241 is swingably connected to the frame 22. The cutting drum 242 is rotatably connected to the swing arm 241. The swing axis of the swing arm 241 relative to the frame 22 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the drill bit groups 231 relative to the frame 22. The rotation axis of the cutting drum 242 relative to the swing arm 241 is parallel to the swing axis of the swing arm 241 relative to the frame 22.

[0137] Through the connection between the frame 22 and the scraper conveyor 40, the notching machine 20 can move along the length direction of the working face 10 to cut coal to form a notch; in the process of the notching machine 20 moving and cutting coal, the multiple drill bit groups 231 of the first cutting device 23 located on the front side of the second cutting device 24 rotate to form multiple cutting areas on the coal wall. The multiple cutting areas are arranged in a cone shape from front to back, which can reduce the cutting resistance. The notch formed on the coal wall by the drill bit group 231 located on the front side is smaller. As the notching machine 20 moves forward, the notch formed on the coal wall by the multiple drill bit groups 231 gradually increases; at the same time, the cutting drum 242 of the second cutting device 24 rotates to continue cutting the coal wall, and cuts through the coal wall under the swing of the swing arm 241, thereby expanding the notch size so that the notch can be entered by the coal mining machine.

[0138] Therefore, in steps S1 to S9 of the dual coal mining method, a notch can be opened in the coal wall in advance by the notching machine 20, and the coal mining machine directly enters the coal wall through the notch to complete the coal mining machine positioning process, and then enters the normal mining process. There is no need to use an oblique cutting method to enter the coal wall, thereby increasing the coal cutting speed of the coal mining machine and further increasing the advancement speed of the working face 10.

[0139] Optionally, the connection structure of the frame 22 of the notching machine 20 to the scraper conveyor 40 is the same as the connection structure of the coal mining machine to the scraper conveyor 40.

[0140] As an example, Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, the first cutting device 23 includes four drill bit groups 231, and the four drill bit groups 231 are arranged in a cone shape in sequence along the direction away from the second cutting device 24; the drill bit group 231 includes a rotating seat 2311 and six drill bits 2312, the rotating seat 2311 is columnar, and the six drill bits 2312 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the rotating seat 2311, and the drill bits 2312 can rotate around their own axes so that the drill bits 2312 can drill into the coal wall. At the same time, the rotating seat 2311 can rotate relative to the frame 22, thereby driving the six drill bits 2312 to rotate around the walking direction of the notching machine 20, thereby realizing the coal cutting action.

[0141] like Figure 16 and Figure 17 As shown, the drill bit 2312 includes a tooth seat 2312-1 and a plurality of first cutting teeth 2312-2. The tooth seat 2312-1 is rotatably connected to the rotating seat 2311 around its own axis. The tooth seat 2312-1 extends radially outward from the rotating seat 2311. The cross-section of a part of the tooth seat 2312-1 away from the rotating seat 2311 gradually decreases from the inside to the outside. The plurality of first cutting teeth 2312-2 are arranged in a spiral shape along the extension direction of the tooth seat 2312-1. Therefore, the drill bit 2312 can cut the coal wall by rotating around its own axis, and the cutting efficiency is relatively high.

[0142] like Figure 15 and Figure 18 As shown, the notching machine 20 also includes a transmission shaft 25 and a plurality of transmission components 26, the transmission shaft 25 is rotationally connected to the frame 22, a plurality of rotating seats 2311 are all mounted on the transmission shaft 25 and rotate synchronously therewith, the transmission component 26 corresponds to the rotating seat 2311 one by one, and the rotating seat 2311 is transmission-connected to the drill bit 2312 through the transmission component 26; the transmission component 26 includes a driving bevel gear 261 and a plurality of driven bevel gears 262 meshed with the driving bevel gear 261, the driving bevel gear 261 is mounted on the transmission shaft 25 and rotates synchronously therewith, so as to drive the plurality of driving bevel gears 261 to rotate synchronously through the transmission shaft 25; the driven bevel gear 262 corresponds to and is connected to the drill bit 2312 one by one, and the driven bevel gear 262 is rotationally connected to the rotating seat 2311 through the rotating shaft 2621, so as to improve the stability of the driven bevel gear 262 relative to the rotating seat 2311.

[0143] Therefore, the transmission shaft 25 drives the rotating seat 2311 to rotate, so that the multiple drill bits 2312 can be rotated around the walking direction of the notching machine 20; at the same time, the transmission shaft 25 drives the active bevel gear 261 to rotate, and through the engagement of the active bevel gear 261 and the driven bevel gear 262, it drives the multiple driven bevel gears 262 to rotate, and the multiple drill bits 2312 connected to the same rotating seat 2311 can be rotated around their own axes; thus, the rotation of the drill bit 2312 in two directions can be realized by only one power system, which saves more installation space.

[0144] like Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, the second cutting device 24 includes a swing arm 241 and a cutting drum 242. The cutting drum 242 includes a drum body 2421 and a plurality of second cutting teeth 2422. The drum body 2421 is cylindrical and rotatably connected to the swing arm 241. The plurality of second cutting teeth 2422 are arranged in a spiral shape along the axial direction of the drum body 2421. When the notching machine 20 is moving and cutting coal, the cutting drum 242 rotates and cuts the coal wall through the plurality of second cutting teeth 2422.

[0145] The swing arm 241 is rotatably connected to the frame 22 through a swing shaft. A jack 243 is provided on the frame 22. The cylinder of the jack 243 is hinged to the frame 22. The telescopic rod of the jack 243 is hinged to one end of the swing arm 241. The other end of the swing arm 241 is connected to the cutting drum 242. The connection position of the telescopic rod of the jack 243 on the swing arm 241 and the connection position of the cutting drum 242 on the swing arm 241 are respectively arranged on both sides of the swing shaft; thus, the swing arm 241 can be controlled to swing by the extension and retraction of the jack 243, thereby controlling the cutting drum 242 to swing in the up and down directions to cut through the coal wall.

[0146] The number of the jacks 243 is two, namely a first jack and a second jack, and the first jack and the second jack are oppositely arranged on both sides of the swing arm 241 along the traveling direction of the notch machine 20.

[0147] The first jack can drive the swing arm 241 to swing 90 degrees from the vertical direction to one side, and the second jack can drive the swing arm 241 to swing 90 degrees from the vertical direction to the other side. That is, the swing angle of the swing arm 241 is 180 degrees, thereby improving the cutting efficiency of the second cutting device 24.

[0148] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double coal mining method, characterized in that, Applicable to coal mining at the working face, the working face having a first end and a second end, the double coal mining machine method comprising the following steps: S1: Using a first notch machine to cut coal at the first end to form a first end notch, and using a middle notch machine to cut coal in the middle of the working face to form a second middle notch; S2: Controlling the first coal mining machine to enter the first end notch, and controlling the second coal mining machine to move from the second end towards the first end to enter the second middle notch; S3: Both the first coal mining machine and the second coal mining machine cut coal in the direction from the first end to the second end; S4: Using the middle notch machine to cut coal in the middle of the working face to form a first middle notch, and using a second notch machine to cut coal at the second end to form a second end notch; S5: After the first coal mining machine cuts through the coal wall, it runs with an empty cutter and enters the first middle notch. At the same time, after the second coal mining machine reaches the second end, control the second coal mining machine to enter the second end notch; S6: Both the first coal mining machine and the second coal mining machine cut coal in the direction from the second end to the first end; S7: Using the first notch machine to cut coal at the first end of the working face to form the first end notch again, and using the middle notch machine to cut coal in the middle of the working face to form the second middle notch again; S8: After the first coal mining machine reaches the first end, control the first coal mining machine to enter the first end notch, and after the second coal mining machine cuts through the coal wall, it runs with an empty cutter and enters the second middle notch; S9: Repeat steps S3 to S8 to achieve coal mining work on the working face.

2. The double coal mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S1, the length of the first end notch is greater than or equal to the length of the first coal mining machine, the depth of the first end notch is equal to the cutting depth of the first coal mining machine, and the depth of the second middle notch is equal to the cutting depth of the second coal mining machine.

3. The double coal mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the length of the second end notch is greater than or equal to the length of the second coal mining machine, the depth of the second end notch is equal to twice the cutting depth of the second coal mining machine, and the depth of the first middle notch is equal to the cutting depth of the first coal mining machine; In step S7, the length of the first end notch is greater than or equal to the length of the first coal mining machine, the depth of the first end notch is equal to twice the cutting depth of the first coal mining machine, and the depth of the second middle notch is equal to the cutting depth of the second coal mining machine.

4. The double coal mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The time point when the first coal mining machine enters the first end notch is the same as the time point when the second coal mining machine enters the second middle notch, and the time point when the first coal mining machine enters the first middle notch is the same as the time point when the second coal mining machine enters the second end notch.

5. The double coal mining method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lengths of the first end notch and the second end notch are equal, the distances that the first coal mining machine and the second coal mining machine run with an empty cutter are equal, the coal cutting speeds of the first coal mining machine and the second coal mining machine are equal, and the speeds of the first coal mining machine and the second coal mining machine when running with an empty cutter are equal; The length of the first end notch, the in-place length of the middle notch machine, and the distance of the first shearer running with empty cutter satisfy the following formula ， Wherein, is the length of the first end notch, is the in-place length of the middle notch machine, is the distance of the first shearer running with empty cutters, is the coal cutting speed of the first shearer, is the speed of the first shearer running with empty cutters.

6. The double coal mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the first shearer, the second shearer, and the middle notch machine is provided with a rangefinder, and the rangefinder is used to monitor the distance between the middle notch machine and the first shearer; and / or The rangefinder is used to monitor the distance between the middle notch machine and the second shearer.

7. The double coal mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that, A scraper conveyor for guiding the movement of the first shearer, the second shearer, and the middle notch machine is provided on the working face; Step S3 further includes the following steps: The area after the first shearer cuts coal is the first coal-cut area, and the part of the scraper conveyor corresponding to the first coal-cut area is pushed towards the coal wall; the area after the second shearer cuts coal is the second coal-cut area, and the part of the scraper conveyor corresponding to the second coal-cut area is pushed towards the coal wall; Step S5 further includes the following steps: Control the scraper conveyor to keep straight so that the first shearer enters the first middle notch and the second shearer enters the second end notch; Step S6 further includes the following steps: The area after the first shearer cuts coal is the third coal-cut area, and the part of the scraper conveyor corresponding to the third coal-cut area is pushed towards the coal wall; the area after the second shearer cuts coal is the fourth coal-cut area, and the part of the scraper conveyor corresponding to the fourth coal-cut area is pushed towards the coal wall; Step S8 further includes the following steps: Control the scraper conveyor to keep straight so that the first shearer enters the first end notch and the second shearer enters the second middle notch.

8. The double coal mining method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, A plurality of notch machines are provided on the working face, at least one of the notch machines is the first notch machine, and at least one of the notch machines is the middle notch machine.

9. The double coal mining method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The notch machine includes: A frame having a traveling part for connecting the scraper conveyor; Two first cutting devices symmetrically arranged along the traveling direction of the frame. The first cutting device includes a plurality of drill bit groups arranged in sequence along the traveling direction of the frame. The drill bit groups are rotatably connected to the frame to form a circular cutting area. The rotation axis of the drill bit group relative to the frame is consistent with the traveling direction of the frame; A second cutting device provided between the two first cutting devices. The diameter of the cutting area formed by the plurality of drill bit groups decreases sequentially in the direction away from the second cutting device. The second cutting device includes a swing arm and a cutting drum. The swing arm is swingably connected to the frame, the cutting drum is rotatably connected to the swing arm, the swing axis of the swing arm relative to the frame is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the drill bit group relative to the frame, and the rotation axis of the cutting drum relative to the swing arm is parallel to the swing axis of the swing arm relative to the frame.

Images