Tunneling and supporting method for controlling roadway deformation

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunneling and supporting method for controlling roadway deformation. The tunneling and supporting method for controlling roadway deformation comprises the steps that S1, a cutting groove is cut between a roadway top plate and a to-be-tunneled coal body; s2, a supporting piece is arranged in the cutting groove and installed on the roadway top plate so that the supporting piece can support the roadway; s3, the to-be-tunneled coal body below the supporting piece is excavated, meanwhile, the top plate is punched to form a grouting hole, an anchor rod penetrates through the supporting piece to be arranged in the grouting hole in a penetrating mode, and grouting is conducted on the grouting hole; and S4, the steps S1 to S3 are repeated, and roadway tunneling work is propelled step by step until tunneling and supporting tasks of the whole coal mining area are completed. The tunneling and supporting method for controlling roadway deformation has the advantages of being simple in step, high in supporting capacity and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of tunnel support, and in particular to a tunneling and supporting method for controlling tunnel deformation. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel excavation is a prerequisite for coal mining. At present, the serious imbalance in mining and excavation caused by low excavation efficiency, large number of people and low level of intelligence seriously restricts the efficient mining of coal in my country.

[0003] In the relevant technologies, as the mining depth of coal mines increases, the stress of the surrounding rock of the tunnel at the bottom of the shaft increases with the increase of mining depth, the deformation of the tunnel becomes more and more serious, and the problems of deflection and roof collapse become more and more prominent, which seriously affects the normal operations of tunnel excavation and anchor support, and threatens the personal safety of operators. Strengthen the maintenance of the roof and anchor support, which will increase the operating time and the number of operators, and strictly prohibit the impact on tunnel excavation operations and limit the speed of tunnel excavation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0005] To this end, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a tunneling and supporting method for controlling tunnel deformation with simple steps and preventing tunnel deformation.

[0006] The excavation and support method for controlling deformation of a tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: S1: cutting a cutting groove between the tunnel roof and the coal body to be excavated; S2: arranging a support member in the cutting groove and installing it on the tunnel roof so that the support member supports the tunnel; S3: excavating the coal body to be excavated below the support member, and at the same time drilling holes in the roof to form grouting holes, passing anchor rods through the support member and arranged in the grouting holes, and grouting the grouting holes; S4: repeating steps S1 to S3, gradually advancing the tunnel excavation work, until the excavation and support tasks of the entire coal mining area are completed.

[0007] The tunneling and supporting method for controlling tunnel deformation in the embodiment of the present invention is provided with steps S1 to S4, and the tunnel roof is supported by supporting members, which can effectively control the problems of roof sinking, deflection, roof collapse and surrounding rock deformation, reduce the mesh construction process, reduce the construction time, and improve the work efficiency of excavating the coal body to be excavated. After completion, the tunnel is anchored and grouting is performed, thereby improving the properties of the roof surrounding rock, further improving the stability of the support, and ensuring the personal safety of the operators.

[0008] In some embodiments, the support member is a support plate, and a through hole is provided on the support plate which penetrates the support plate in the up-down direction. The through hole and the grouting hole are arranged opposite to each other in the up-down direction so that the anchor rod passes through the through hole and is arranged in the grouting hole. The anchor rod is connected to the support member through a fastener.

[0009] In some embodiments, there are multiple through holes, and the multiple through holes are arranged in multiple rows along the length direction of the support member, and each row includes a number of through holes arranged along the width direction of the support member. There are multiple grouting holes and anchor rods, and the multiple through holes and the multiple grouting holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and at least one anchor rod is provided in each grouting hole.

[0010] In some embodiments, in step S3, an integrated drill-anchor anchor rod is used to pass through the through hole of the support member to perform anchoring support operations such as drilling, grouting, and pre-tightening.

[0011] In some embodiments, a first matching portion and a second matching portion are respectively provided on two sides of the support member, and two adjacent support members are connected via the first matching portion and the second matching portion.

[0012] In some embodiments, one of the first matching portion and the second matching portion is a slot, and the other of the first matching portion and the second matching portion is a protrusion.

[0013] In some embodiments, in step S2, grouting is performed between the upper end surface of the support member and the lower end surface of the cutting groove so that the support member is disposed in the cutting groove.

[0014] In some embodiments, step S1 also includes conducting geological surveys on the tunnel to determine the specific location of the tunnel excavation, the shape of the cross-section of the tunnel and the cross-sectional dimensions of the tunnel, and setting the cutting trajectory of the cutting groove based on the detected tunnel surrounding rock characteristics and the determined cross-sectional shape and dimensions of the tunnel.

[0015] In some embodiments, in step S1, a tunneling machine is used to cut a cutting groove of a preset depth and width between the roof and the coal body to be tunneled.

[0016] In some embodiments, in step S3, a tunneling machine is used to dig the coal body to be excavated below the support member. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a tunneling and supporting method for controlling tunnel deformation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2It is a working schematic diagram of the excavation and support method for controlling tunnel deformation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a support member of a tunneling and supporting method for controlling tunnel deformation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a stereoscopic diagram of a support member of a tunneling and supporting method for controlling tunnel deformation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the support members of the excavation and support method for controlling tunnel deformation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Excavation and support methods to control tunnel deformation 100;

[0023] Roof 1; cutting groove 2; coal body to be excavated 3; support member 4; through hole 41; first matching portion 42; second matching portion 43; anchor rod 5; fastener 6 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0025] The following describes a tunneling and supporting method 100 for controlling tunnel deformation according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the tunneling and supporting method 100 for controlling tunnel deformation according to an embodiment of the present invention includes steps S1 to S4.

[0027] S1: Cut a cutting groove 2 between the tunnel roof 1 and the coal body 3 to be excavated. Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first cutting is performed on the tunnel roof 1 and the coal body 3 to be excavated, so as to cut a cutting groove 2 between the tunnel roof 1 and the coal body 3 to be excavated.

[0028] S2: The support member 4 is arranged in the cutting groove 2 and installed on the tunnel roof 1 so that the support member 4 supports the tunnel. Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the support member 4 is a prefabricated member and is installed in the cutting groove 2 and fixed on the roof 1. A complete support layer is formed on the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock through the support member 4 to wrap the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock to prevent problems such as deviation and roof collapse, so that the support member 4 can provide preliminary support to the tunnel roof 1.

[0029] S3: excavating the coal body 3 to be excavated below the support member 4, while drilling holes in the roof 1 to form grouting holes, inserting the anchor rod 5 through the support member 4 into the grouting holes, and grouting the grouting holes. Specifically, Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, secondary excavation is performed on the coal body 3 to be excavated below the support member 4 to mine the coal body 3 to be excavated below the support member 4. After the coal seam below the support member 4 is excavated, holes can be drilled through the support member 4 to form grouting holes, and then the anchor rods 5 are inserted into the grouting holes and grouting is performed on the grouting holes, thereby enhancing the mechanical properties and stability of the surrounding rock of the roof 1.

[0030] S4: Repeat steps S1 to S3 to gradually advance the tunnel excavation work until the excavation and support tasks of the entire coal mining area are completed. Specifically, after the coal body 3 to be excavated under the roof 1 is excavated and the grouting operation is completed, repeat steps S1 to S3 to excavate and support the coal body 3 to be excavated.

[0031] The tunneling and support method 100 for controlling tunnel deformation according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided with steps S1 to S4, wherein the tunnel roof 1 is supported for the first time by the support member 4. After the support member 4 completes the support, the coal body 3 to be tunneled is tunneled, thereby being able to effectively control the problems of sinking, deflection, and roof collapse of the roof 1 and the deformation of the surrounding rock. The support member 4 can replace the metal mesh, reduce the mesh laying construction process, and reduce the construction time. After the excavation of the coal body 3 is completed, the tunnel is anchored and grouting is performed to support the tunnel for the second time, thereby improving the surrounding rock properties of the roof 1, further improving the stability of the support, and ensuring the personal safety of the operators.

[0032] In some embodiments, the support member 4 is a support plate, and a through hole 41 is provided on the support plate, which penetrates the support plate in the up-down direction. The through hole 41 and the grouting hole are arranged opposite to each other in the up-down direction, so that the anchor rod 5 passes through the through hole 41 and is arranged in the grouting hole. The anchor rod 5 is connected to the support member 4 by a fastener. Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the support plate is a horizontal protective plate with sufficient strength and rigidity and extending in the front-to-back direction. The support plate can be fixedly installed in the cutting groove 2, so as to provide effective support between the tunnel roof 1 and the coal body 3 to be excavated. A plurality of through holes 41 penetrating in the up-down direction are provided on the support plate. The through holes 41 and the grouting holes are arranged opposite to each other in the up-down direction and the through holes 41 and the grouting holes are connected to ensure that the anchor rod 5 can smoothly pass through the through holes 41 and be penetrated in the grouting holes. Fasteners (such as nuts, washers, etc.) are provided under the anchor rod 5, and the support member 4 is located above the fastener, so that the anchor rod 5 and the support member 4 are connected by the fastener, ensuring that the support member 4 is firmly fixed on the roof 1, thereby enhancing the stability of the roof 1.

[0033] In some embodiments, there are multiple through holes 41, and the multiple through holes 41 are arranged along the length direction of the support member 4 (eg Figure 3 The left and right directions shown in the figure) are arranged in multiple rows, each row including a plurality of support members 4 along the width direction (such as Figure 3 The through holes 41 are arranged at intervals in the front-to-back direction (shown in the figure), and the grouting holes and anchor rods 5 are multiple. The multiple through holes 41 and the multiple grouting holes are arranged one by one, and each grouting hole is provided with at least one anchor rod 5. Specifically, as Figure 3 As shown, there are multiple through holes 41 on the support member 4, and the through holes 41 are arranged in multiple rows along the left-right direction, and each row includes a plurality of through holes 41 arranged along the front-back direction. The layout of multiple through holes 41 ensures that the anchor rods 5 and the grouting holes are evenly distributed on the tunnel roof 1, providing a wider support range and enhancing the overall stability of the roof 1.

[0034] In some embodiments, in step S3, the integrated anchor rod 5 is used to pass through the through hole 41 of the support member 4 to perform anchoring support operations such as drilling, grouting, and pre-tightening. Specifically, the integrated anchor rod 5 is used to pass through the through hole 41 on the support member 4 to accurately drill the top plate 1 to ensure that the drilling path is accurate and avoid unnecessary damage to the surrounding rock formations. The diameter of the drilled hole should be slightly larger than the diameter of the anchor rod 5 to ensure that the anchor rod 5 can be smoothly penetrated. After the drilling is completed, cement slurry or other solidifying materials are injected to fill the gaps in the drilled hole and its surroundings to enhance the mechanical properties of the surrounding rock. The grouting pressure should be moderate to ensure that the slurry is fully filled without causing excessive pressure on the surrounding rock to affect its stability. After the anchor rod 5 is installed, it is pre-tightened by nuts or other fasteners to ensure that the anchor rod 5 is firmly fixed in the surrounding rock of the top plate 1 to improve the stability of the top plate 1.

[0035] In some embodiments, a first matching portion 42 and a second matching portion 43 are respectively provided on both sides of the support member 4, and two adjacent support members 4 are connected through the first matching portion 42 and the second matching portion 43. Figure 3-Figure 5 As shown, a first matching portion 42 is provided on the left side of the support member 4 and extends in the front-to-back direction, a first matching portion 42 is provided on the front side of the support member 4 and extends in the left-to-right direction, a second matching portion 43 is provided on the right side of the support member 4 and extends in the front-to-back direction, and a second matching portion 43 is provided on the rear side of the support member 4 and extends in the left-to-right direction. Thus, two adjacent support members 4 can be connected as a whole through the first matching portion 42 and the second matching portion 43 to increase the supporting length of the support member 4, thereby realizing the support of tunnels of any length.

[0036] In some embodiments, one of the first matching portion 42 and the second matching portion 43 is a slot, and the other of the first matching portion 42 and the second matching portion 43 is a protrusion. Figure 3As shown, the first matching part 42 and the second matching part 43 can be set according to actual conditions, for example: the first matching part 42 is a card slot, the second matching part 43 is a card convex, or the first matching part 42 is a card convex, and the second matching part 43 is a card slot, and the shapes of the card slot and the card convex can be adjusted according to the specific application scenario. The shapes of the card slot and the card convex include but are not limited to rectangle, circle, ellipse, etc. Thus, a mechanical interlocking structure is formed by the close fit of the card slot and the card convex, which ensures the firm connection between the two adjacent support members 4, enhances the overall support effect, and improves the stability of the system.

[0037] In some embodiments, in step S2, grouting is performed between the upper end surface of the support member 4 and the lower end surface of the cutting groove 2 so that the support member 4 is disposed in the cutting groove 2. Specifically, the grouting material may be cement slurry or other solidifying materials and fills the gap between the upper end surface of the support member 4 and the lower end surface of the cutting groove 2, ensuring that the support member 4 is tightly combined with the cutting groove 2 to form a whole, thereby improving the surrounding rock characteristics, enhancing the stability of the support member 4 in the cutting groove 2, fixing the support member 4 and the surrounding rock together, and enhancing the support effect.

[0038] In some embodiments, step S1 also includes geological detection of the tunnel to determine the specific location of the tunnel excavation, the shape of the tunnel section and the cross-sectional size of the tunnel, and setting the cutting trajectory of the cutting groove 2 according to the detected tunnel surrounding rock characteristics and the determined tunnel cross-sectional shape and size. Specifically, first, through geological exploration, the specific location of the tunnel excavation is determined to ensure that the excavation route avoids potential geological disaster areas, such as faults, caves, etc., and then the cross-sectional shape and size of the tunnel are determined according to the functional requirements and geological conditions of the tunnel. The cross-sectional shapes include rectangular, trapezoidal, circular, etc., and the size is determined according to factors such as transportation equipment and ventilation requirements. The mechanical properties (such as compressive strength, elastic modulus, etc.) and hydrogeological conditions (such as water content, fracture development, etc.) of the tunnel surrounding rock are evaluated in detail to provide a basis for subsequent support design. Then, according to the detected tunnel surrounding rock characteristics and the determined tunnel cross-sectional shape and size, the cutting trajectory of the cutting groove 2 is set, and the design of the cutting trajectory should ensure that the position and size of the cutting groove 2 meet the design requirements, while minimizing the disturbance to the surrounding rock formations and reducing the difficulty of construction to ensure the smooth progress of subsequent excavation and support work.

[0039] In some embodiments, in step S1, a cutting groove 2 of a preset depth and width is cut between the roof 1 and the coal body 3 to be excavated by a roadheader, and in step S3, the coal body 3 to be excavated under the support 4 is excavated by the roadheader. Thus, the cutting efficiency of the cutting groove 2 and the excavation efficiency of the coal body are improved by the roadheader.

[0040] The following is a detailed description of the steps of the tunneling and supporting method 100 for controlling tunnel deformation according to an embodiment of the present invention:

[0041] Carry out geological survey on the tunnel to be excavated to determine the tunnel excavation location, as well as the cross-sectional shape and size of the tunnel.

[0042] According to the characteristics of the tunnel surrounding rock, as well as the shape and size of the tunnel section, the first cutting trajectory of the tunnel boring machine cutting head is set.

[0043] The cutting trajectory of the tunnel boring machine's cutting head is divided into two parts. The first cutting trajectory of the cutting head is the tunnel cross-section contour cutting trajectory, which is used to cut out the tunnel cross-section contour. The cutting groove 2 obtained by the first cutting is prepared for the subsequent installation of the support member 4; the second cutting trajectory of the cutting head is the tunnel full-section cutting trajectory, which is used to cut all coal bodies (i.e., the coal body 3 to be excavated) within the range defined by the aforementioned tunnel cross-section contour and supporting components after the support of the support member 4 is completed, and to excavate a complete tunnel cross-section to form a tunnel.

[0044] The tunnel section to be excavated is positioned, and the first tunnel section contour cutting is performed through the positioning point to cut out the tunnel section contour cutting groove 2.

[0045] Withdraw the cutting head and lay the support members 4 to form the first tunnel support. The support members 4 are connected to each other to form a complete support layer on the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock, which wraps the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock to prevent problems such as deviation and roof collapse.

[0046] More preferably, to ensure the supporting effect of the support member 4, grouting operation can be performed between the support member 4 and the outer side of the tunnel section cutting groove 2 to improve the surrounding rock characteristics, fix the support member 4 and the surrounding rock together, and enhance the supporting effect.

[0047] Adjust the cutting head and set the cutting trajectory of the tunnel boring machine cutting head for the second time.

[0048] The second tunnel section cutting is to dig in the tunnel section contour where the support member 4 is laid, dig out the complete tunnel section, and form the tunnel.

[0049] Carry out the second tunnel support operation.

[0050] The support members 4 are connected via reserved holes, so that the support members 4 are connected as a whole.

[0051] After the tunnel section is excavated, the integrated anchor rod 5 matched with the support member 4 is used to carry out anchoring support operations such as drilling, grouting, and pre-tightening through the through hole 41 of the support member 4.

[0052] Alternatively, use a common anchor rod 5, use a drill rod to drill through the through hole 41 of the support member 4, withdraw the drill rod, insert the anchor rod 5, and perform anchoring operations such as grouting and pre-tightening of the anchor rod 5; or use an anchoring agent, after withdrawing the drill rod, insert the anchoring agent into the borehole, install the anchor rod 5, and perform anchoring operations such as stirring and pre-tightening.

[0053] It should be noted that in order to ensure that the support member 4 can replace the metal mesh and the tray at the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the diameter of the anchor rod 5, the diameter of the nut, and the diameter of the through hole 41 of the support member 4 have a reasonable size relationship.

[0054] Taking a rectangular tunnel section as an example, the excavation and support method 100 for controlling tunnel deformation is described in detail below:

[0055] The characteristics of the support member 4 and the supporting anchoring materials are as follows:

[0056] In order to ensure that the support members 4 can be connected to each other as a whole and realize the support of a tunnel of any length, the support members 4 are manufactured with uniform specifications and corresponding connection structures are designed at the edges.

[0057] The support members 4 used in the rectangular tunnel section are also rectangular.

[0058] The support member 4 is provided with a certain number of through holes 41 which are evenly distributed on the support member 4 , and the size parameters of the support member 4 are determined according to the support design designed according to the surrounding rock characteristics of the tunnel.

[0059] The through holes 41 at the edges of the support member 4 are all connecting holes between components, which can be used to connect the support member 4 and the anchor support, and the remaining through holes 41 are used to install the anchor support of the anchor rod 5.

[0060] by Figure 1 , 2 Taking the middle support member 4 as an example, the standard thickness of the support member 4 is H. In order to ensure the mutual connection between the components, the surfaces on both sides of the components within the range of the through hole 41 on the left and lower sides of the components are cut off to a certain thickness to form a convex structure (i.e., a convex structure), which is thinner than the standard thickness, namely H1, and H1 is smaller than H.

[0061] A certain thickness is cut off in the middle of the component within the range of the through hole 41 on the upper side and the right side of the component to form a concave structure (i.e., a slot). The thickness of this part is H2, which is smaller than H and slightly larger than H1, so that the convex part can cooperate smoothly with the concave part of the next component to complete the installation.

[0062] After installation is completed, the through holes 41 of the connection parts correspond to each other, and the anchor rod 5 can be installed.

[0063] The through hole 41 has a diameter R1, the drill bit has a diameter R2, the anchor rod 5 has a diameter R3, and the nut has an outer diameter R4.

[0064] To ensure smooth drilling, the diameter R3 of the anchor rod 5 is smaller than the diameter R2 of the drill bit, and the diameter R2 of the drill bit is smaller than the diameter R1 of the through hole 41 .

[0065] In order to replace the tray and ensure that the support member 4 can serve as a tray, the outer diameter R4 of the nut should be larger than the diameter R1 of the through hole 41 .

[0066] It should be noted that the density of the anchor rod 5 may be inconsistent with the density of the through hole 41 . The density of the anchor rod 5 may be lower than that of the through hole 41 according to the support design, and the maximum density is the density of the through hole 41 .

[0067] The tunneling and supporting method 100 for controlling tunnel deformation according to the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0068] 1. By first cutting out the cutting groove 2 of the tunnel section contour, the deformation of the surrounding rock is controlled by the support member 4, and the problems of deflection and roof collapse are controlled, and it can be ensured that the tunneling head can perform tunneling and other operations under the support of the support member 4.

[0069] 2. The support member 4 acts as a metal mesh or a tray, and can replace the metal mesh or the tray, thereby reducing the steps and time of the tunnel excavation support process, reducing the work intensity of the operators, and reducing the tunnel support cost by replacing the metal mesh or the tray, and can effectively reduce the deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock.

[0070] 3. By laying support members 4 throughout the tunnel section, problems such as deviation and roof collapse can be greatly reduced.

[0071] 4. The safety of the workers is ensured by carrying out operations such as excavation and anchoring support under the surrounding rock of the top plate 1 where the support members 4 are laid.

[0072] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0073] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0074] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0075] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0076] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0077] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunneling and supporting method for controlling tunnel deformation, characterized in that: include: S1: cutting a cutting groove between the roadway roof and the coal body to be excavated; S2: placing a support member in the cutting groove and installing it on the top plate of the tunnel so that the support member supports the tunnel; S3: excavating the coal body to be excavated below the support member, and drilling holes in the roof to form grouting holes, passing anchor rods through the support member and into the grouting holes, and grouting the grouting holes; S4: Repeat steps S1 to S3 to gradually advance the tunnel excavation work until the excavation and support tasks of the entire coal mining area are completed.

2. The tunneling and supporting method for controlling tunnel deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support member is a support plate, and a through hole is provided on the support plate which penetrates the support plate in the up-down direction. The through hole and the grouting hole are arranged opposite to each other in the up-down direction so that the anchor rod passes through the through hole and is arranged in the grouting hole. The anchor rod is connected to the support member by a fastener.

3. The tunneling and supporting method for controlling tunnel deformation according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are multiple through holes, and the multiple through holes are arranged in multiple rows along the length direction of the support member, and each row includes a number of through holes arranged at intervals along the width direction of the support member. There are multiple grouting holes and anchor rods, and the multiple through holes and the multiple grouting holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and at least one anchor rod is provided in each grouting hole.

4. The tunneling and supporting method for controlling tunnel deformation according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3, the integrated drilling and anchoring anchor rod is passed through the through hole of the supporting member to perform anchoring support operations such as drilling, grouting, and pre-tightening.

5. The tunneling and supporting method for controlling tunnel deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first matching portion and a second matching portion are respectively provided on both sides of the support member, and two adjacent support members are connected via the first matching portion and the second matching portion.

6. The tunneling and supporting method for controlling tunnel deformation according to claim 5, characterized in that: One of the first matching portion and the second matching portion is a locking groove, and the other of the first matching portion and the second matching portion is a locking protrusion.

7. The tunneling and supporting method for controlling tunnel deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, grouting is performed between the upper end surface of the support member and the lower end surface of the cutting groove so that the support member is disposed in the cutting groove.

8. The tunneling and supporting method for controlling tunnel deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1, it also includes conducting geological detection on the tunnel to determine the specific position of the tunnel excavation, the shape of the cross-section of the tunnel and the cross-section size of the tunnel, and setting the cutting trajectory of the cutting groove according to the detected tunnel surrounding rock characteristics and the determined cross-section shape and size of the tunnel.

9. The tunneling and supporting method for controlling tunnel deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, a tunneling machine is used to cut a cutting groove of a preset depth and width between the roof and the coal body to be tunneled.

10. The tunneling and supporting method for controlling tunnel deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the coal body to be excavated below the support member is excavated using a tunneling machine.

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