Tunnel boring machine main machine and tunnel boring machine

Abstract

The invention provides a tunnel boring machine main machine and a tunnel boring machine, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel boring equipment. The tunnel boring machine main machine comprises a cutterhead for excavating a circular-section tunnel, a front shield for supporting the circular-section tunnel, an expanding excavation device for expanding excavation of the circular-section tunnel to form a special-shaped-section tunnel, and a rear shield for supporting the special-shaped-section tunnel; the front shield is provided with a front telescopic shield which can extend out of the front shield backwards and can retract forwards, the rear shield is provided with a rear telescopic shield which can extend out of the rear shield forwards and can retract backwards, each of the front telescopic shield and the rear telescopic shield comprises at least two sections of sub-shield bodies which are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, and each sub-shield body is provided with an independent telescopic driving mechanism; the branch shield body of the front telescopic shield corresponds to the branch shield body of the rear telescopic shield in a front-back mode. During construction, only a part of the tunnel expanded and excavated by the expanding and excavating device is exposed, and the tunnel wall which is not expanded and excavated and the tunnel wall which is expanded and excavated are in a supporting state, so that the safety risk is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a tunnel boring machine host and a tunnel boring machine, belonging to the technical field of tunnel boring equipment. Background Art

[0002] In tunnel construction, special-shaped cross-section tunnels are a common type of tunnel, mainly including horseshoe-shaped, gate-shaped, rectangular-shaped and other cross-section tunnels. Traditional special-shaped cross-section tunnel boring machines use meshing multi-cutting discs, which have a very complex structure. If hard rock is encountered during excavation, the matching cutters cannot withstand rock hardness above 80MPa, and there are blind spots in cutting.

[0003] The invention patent application with application publication number CN118187882A discloses a shield tunneling excavation device, which includes a cutterhead and a main beam. A variable amplitude cutting device (i.e., an expansion device) is installed on the left and right sides of the main beam respectively. The cutterhead cooperates with the variable amplitude cutting device. The cutterhead first performs construction to excavate a circular contour, and then the variable amplitude cutting device expands the sickle-shaped area to the left and right wings to form a tunnel with a horseshoe-shaped cross section. Among them, a movable shield (i.e., a rear shield) that wraps the variable amplitude cutting device is set in the middle section of the main beam. The movable shield includes a top shield and a side shield. After the variable amplitude cutting device expands the sickle-shaped area for a certain distance, the movable shield can follow up in time and temporarily support the tunnel vault contour.

[0004] In fact, the above excavation device also includes a front shield, which can temporarily support the circular cross-section tunnel excavated by the cutter disc. According to common sense in the field, the front shield moves forward together with the excavation of the cutter disc. Before the expansion of the horseshoe-shaped cross-section tunnel, a certain distance will be formed between the front shield and the rear shield, thereby exposing a circle of circular cross-section tunnel for the expansion device to excavate. However, the excavation speed of the expansion device is limited. When excavating a position in the circumference, other positions are in an exposed state without support. Once encountering rock formations with poor geological conditions, the construction risk is very high. Once the tunnel collapses, a very serious safety accident will occur. In addition, the rear shield in the above excavation device only moves forward to temporarily support the tunnel after the horseshoe-shaped cross-section tunnel is expanded. However, the expansion device is also constructed bit by bit, and the expanded position is exposed for a long time, which also poses a great safety risk. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel boring machine main unit to solve the problem in the prior art that when the expansion device is excavating one position in the circumferential direction, other positions are in an exposed state without support, resulting in a very high construction risk. At the same time, it also solves the problem that the existing rear shield is moved forward to support the tunnel only after the expansion of the horseshoe-shaped section tunnel is completed, while the expansion device is constructed bit by bit, and the expanded position is exposed for a long time, resulting in a relatively large safety risk; the purpose of the present invention is also to provide a tunnel boring machine to solve the above problems.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the tunnel boring machine main machine in the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A tunnel boring machine main machine comprises a cutter head for excavating a circular cross-section tunnel, a front shield for supporting the circular cross-section tunnel, an expansion device for expanding the circular cross-section tunnel to form a special-shaped cross-section tunnel, and a rear shield for supporting the special-shaped cross-section tunnel. The front shield is provided with a front telescopic shield that can extend the front shield backward and can be retracted forward, the rear shield is provided with a rear telescopic shield that can extend the rear shield forward and can be retracted backward, or the rear shield itself is a rear telescopic shield that can move forward and backward relative to a main beam. The front telescopic shield and the rear telescopic shield each comprise at least two sub-shield bodies that are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, each sub-shield body is provided with an independent telescopic driving mechanism that can control the sub-shield body to move forward and backward, and the sub-shield bodies of the front telescopic shield correspond to the sub-shield bodies of the rear telescopic shield in front and back.

[0007] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that: the present invention belongs to an improved invention, a front telescopic shield is added to the front shield, a rear telescopic shield is added to the rear shield, or the rear shield itself is a rear telescopic shield that can move forward and backward relative to the main beam, and at the same time, the front telescopic shield and the rear telescopic shield both include at least two sections of sub-shield bodies arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and each sub-shield body is equipped with an independent telescopic driving mechanism, which can independently control the corresponding sub-shield body to move forward and backward, and at the same time, the sub-shield bodies of the front telescopic shield correspond to the sub-shield bodies of the rear telescopic shield front and back, so that in the process of the cutter head excavating the circular cross-section tunnel forward, the sub-shield bodies of the front telescopic shield can extend backward to support the circular cross-section tunnel; when the circular cross-section tunnel needs to be expanded, one of the sub-shield bodies of the front telescopic shield retracts forward to expose a small piece of the circular cross-section tunnel, and other positions are supported by other sub-shield bodies of the front telescopic shield, which greatly reduces the construction risk. When the excavation device excavates a small piece of the special-shaped tunnel, the corresponding sub-shield body of the rear telescopic shield extends forward to support the special-shaped tunnel in time. Therefore, during the entire construction process, only the part of the tunnel excavated by the excavation device is exposed, and the walls of the unexpanded and expanded tunnels are in a supported state, which greatly reduces safety risks and the probability of safety accidents.

[0008] Furthermore, the rear shield is fixed relative to the main beam of the tunnel boring machine main body, and the rear telescopic shield is installed on the rear shield. The rear shield has a sandwich structure consistent with the shape of the rear shield, and each sub-shield body of the rear telescopic shield is arranged in the sandwich of the rear shield.

[0009] Furthermore, the rear shield is fixed relative to the main beam of the tunnel boring machine main body, and the rear telescopic shield is installed on the rear shield. The rear shield has an arc-shaped sandwich structure, and each sub-shield body of the rear telescopic shield is arc-shaped and is arranged in the sandwich of the rear shield.

[0010] Furthermore, the front shield has a sandwich structure that is consistent with the shape of the front shield, and each sub-shield body of the front telescopic shield is arranged in the sandwich of the front shield.

[0011] Furthermore, the excavation expansion device includes a mounting seat guided along the front-to-back direction and installed on the main beam of the tunnel boring machine main body, the mounting seat is connected to a telescopic drive device for driving the mounting seat to move forward and backward, and a telescopic excavation arm extending forward and backward of the rotary axis is installed on the mounting seat through a rotary drive structure, the telescopic excavation arm is perpendicular to the main beam and a rock breaking device is connected to the end.

[0012] Furthermore, the mounting seat includes a ring body which is sleeved on the outside of the main beam, at least part of the outer circumferential surface of the ring body is a cylindrical surface, a front stopper is provided at the front end of the ring body, and a rear stopper is provided at the rear end, the end of the telescopic excavation arm is clamped between the front stopper and the rear stopper and is fitted with the cylindrical surface of the ring body through an arc surface, and a telescopic drive is connected between the telescopic excavation arm and the mounting seat for driving the telescopic excavation arm to rotate along the cylindrical surface of the ring body.

[0013] Furthermore, the excavation direction of the rock breaking device is from back to front, and in a direction perpendicular to the front and rear directions, the length of the rear stopper is greater than the length of the front stopper.

[0014] Furthermore, the rear stopper and / or the front stopper is provided with a wear-resistant plate in contact with the side surface of the telescopic excavation arm.

[0015] Furthermore, the end of the telescopic excavation arm is provided with a guiding structure which cooperates with the rear stopper and / or the front stopper in the circumferential direction.

[0016] Furthermore, the telescopic excavation arms are arranged in pairs and the two telescopic excavation arms in a pair are respectively located on the left and right sides of the main beam, the end of each telescopic excavation arm is connected to a rock breaking device, and a telescopic drive is connected between each telescopic excavation arm and the mounting seat, and one end of the two telescopic drives corresponding to a pair of telescopic excavation arms is hinged to the mounting seat through the same pin shaft.

[0017] Furthermore, the rotary drive structure includes a rotary bearing, which includes a fixed ring fixedly arranged relative to the mounting seat and a rotary ring that can rotate relative to the mounting seat and has a rotary axis extending forward and backward. A gear ring is arranged on the fixed ring or the rotary ring. The rotary drive structure also includes a rotary power source and a driving gear installed at the output end of the rotary power source. The driving gear is meshed with the gear ring, and the telescopic excavation arm is fixed on the rotary ring.

[0018] Furthermore, the expansion device also includes a bottom expansion mechanism connected to the lower part of the mounting seat and used to expand the bottom of the tunnel. The bottom expansion mechanism includes a connecting arm connected to the mounting seat, and the left and right ends of the connecting arm are respectively connected to telescopic arms that can be extended up and down, and the ends of the two telescopic arms are respectively connected to excavation rollers.

[0019] Furthermore, the two excavation drums are arranged symmetrically on the left and right, and the cutting tools on the two excavation drums are arranged in a spiral shape to transport the excavated slag to the middle.

[0020] Furthermore, the tunnel boring machine main body also includes a star wheel slag collecting mechanism connected to the lower part of the main beam, and the star wheel slag collecting mechanism is located at the rear side of the two cutting drums to collect the slag transported to the middle by the two cutting drums.

[0021] To achieve the above purpose, the tunnel boring machine in the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A tunnel boring machine comprises a main machine and rear supporting equipment, wherein the main machine comprises a cutter head for excavating a circular cross-section tunnel, a front shield for supporting the circular cross-section tunnel, an expansion device for expanding the circular cross-section tunnel to form a special-shaped cross-section tunnel, and a rear shield for supporting the special-shaped cross-section tunnel, wherein the front shield is provided with a front telescopic shield which can extend the front shield backward and can be retracted forward, and the rear shield is provided with a rear telescopic shield which can extend the rear shield forward and can be retracted backward, or the rear shield itself is a rear telescopic shield which can move forward and backward relative to a main beam, wherein the front telescopic shield and the rear telescopic shield each comprise at least two sub-shield bodies which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and each sub-shield body is provided with an independent telescopic driving mechanism which can control the sub-shield body to move forward and backward, and the sub-shield bodies of the front telescopic shield correspond to the sub-shield bodies of the rear telescopic shield in front and back relation.

[0022] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that: the present invention belongs to an improved invention, a front telescopic shield is added to the front shield, a rear telescopic shield is added to the rear shield, or the rear shield itself is a rear telescopic shield that can move forward and backward relative to the main beam, and at the same time, the front telescopic shield and the rear telescopic shield both include at least two sections of sub-shield bodies arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and each sub-shield body is equipped with an independent telescopic driving mechanism, which can independently control the corresponding sub-shield body to move forward and backward, and at the same time, the sub-shield bodies of the front telescopic shield correspond to the sub-shield bodies of the rear telescopic shield front and back, so that in the process of the cutter head excavating the circular cross-section tunnel forward, the sub-shield bodies of the front telescopic shield can extend backward to support the circular cross-section tunnel; when the circular cross-section tunnel needs to be expanded, one of the sub-shield bodies of the front telescopic shield retracts forward to expose a small piece of the circular cross-section tunnel, and other positions are supported by other sub-shield bodies of the front telescopic shield, which greatly reduces the construction risk. When the excavation device excavates a small piece of the special-shaped tunnel, the corresponding sub-shield body of the rear telescopic shield extends forward to support the special-shaped tunnel in time. Therefore, during the entire construction process, only the part of the tunnel excavated by the excavation device is exposed, and the walls of the unexpanded and expanded tunnels are in a supported state, which greatly reduces safety risks and the probability of safety accidents.

[0023] Furthermore, the rear shield is fixed relative to the main beam of the main machine, the rear telescopic shield is installed on the rear shield, the rear shield has a sandwich structure consistent with the shape of the rear shield, and each sub-shield body of the rear telescopic shield is arranged in the sandwich of the rear shield.

[0024] Furthermore, the rear shield is fixed relative to the main beam of the main machine, and the rear telescopic shield is installed on the rear shield. The rear shield has an arc-shaped sandwich structure, and each sub-shield body of the rear telescopic shield is arc-shaped and is arranged in the sandwich of the rear shield.

[0025] Furthermore, the front shield has a sandwich structure that is consistent with the shape of the front shield, and each sub-shield body of the front telescopic shield is arranged in the sandwich of the front shield.

[0026] Furthermore, the excavation expansion device includes a mounting seat guided along the front-rear direction and installed on the main beam of the main machine, the mounting seat is connected to a telescopic drive device for driving the mounting seat to move forward and backward, and a telescopic excavation arm extending forward and backward of the rotary axis is installed on the mounting seat through a rotary drive structure, the telescopic excavation arm is perpendicular to the main beam and a rock breaking device is connected to the end.

[0027] Furthermore, the mounting seat includes a ring body which is sleeved on the outside of the main beam, at least part of the outer circumferential surface of the ring body is a cylindrical surface, a front stopper is provided at the front end of the ring body, and a rear stopper is provided at the rear end, the end of the telescopic excavation arm is clamped between the front stopper and the rear stopper and is fitted with the cylindrical surface of the ring body through an arc surface, and a telescopic drive is connected between the telescopic excavation arm and the mounting seat for driving the telescopic excavation arm to rotate along the cylindrical surface of the ring body.

[0028] Furthermore, the excavation direction of the rock breaking device is from back to front, and in a direction perpendicular to the front and rear directions, the length of the rear stopper is greater than the length of the front stopper.

[0029] Furthermore, the rear stopper and / or the front stopper is provided with a wear-resistant plate in contact with the side surface of the telescopic excavation arm.

[0030] Furthermore, the end of the telescopic excavation arm is provided with a guiding structure which cooperates with the rear stopper and / or the front stopper in the circumferential direction.

[0031] Furthermore, the telescopic excavation arms are arranged in pairs and the two telescopic excavation arms in a pair are respectively located on the left and right sides of the main beam, the end of each telescopic excavation arm is connected to a rock breaking device, and a telescopic drive is connected between each telescopic excavation arm and the mounting seat, and one end of the two telescopic drives corresponding to a pair of telescopic excavation arms is hinged to the mounting seat through the same pin shaft.

[0032] Furthermore, the rotary drive structure includes a rotary bearing, which includes a fixed ring fixedly arranged relative to the mounting seat and a rotary ring that can rotate relative to the mounting seat and has a rotary axis extending forward and backward. A gear ring is arranged on the fixed ring or the rotary ring. The rotary drive structure also includes a rotary power source and a driving gear installed at the output end of the rotary power source. The driving gear is meshed with the gear ring, and the telescopic excavation arm is fixed on the rotary ring.

[0033] Furthermore, the expansion device also includes a bottom expansion mechanism connected to the lower part of the mounting seat and used to expand the bottom of the tunnel. The bottom expansion mechanism includes a connecting arm connected to the mounting seat, and the left and right ends of the connecting arm are respectively connected to telescopic arms that can be extended up and down, and the ends of the two telescopic arms are respectively connected to excavation rollers.

[0034] Furthermore, the two excavation drums are arranged symmetrically on the left and right, and the cutting tools on the two excavation drums are arranged in a spiral shape to transport the excavated slag to the middle.

[0035] Furthermore, the main machine also includes a star wheel slag collecting mechanism connected to the lower part of the main beam, and the star wheel slag collecting mechanism is located at the rear side of the two cutting drums to collect the slag and stone transported to the middle by the two cutting drums. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a front view of a tunnel boring machine mainframe embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the Figure 3 It is a side view of the digging mechanism on both sides in the main body of the tunnel boring machine of the present invention in Embodiment 1; Figure 4 for Figure 3A partial enlarged view of the Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the use status of the front telescopic shield and the rear telescopic shield in Embodiment 1 of the tunnel boring machine mainframe of the present invention (the front telescopic shield is in a state of extending the front shield backward); Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the use status of the front telescopic shield and the rear telescopic shield in Embodiment 1 of the tunnel boring machine mainframe of the present invention (the front telescopic shield is in a forward retracted state); Figure 7 It is a side view of the front telescopic shield and the rear telescopic shield in the mainframe of the tunnel boring machine of the present invention in Embodiment 1; Figure 8 It is a side view of the bottom digging mechanism in the main body of the tunnel boring machine of the present invention in Embodiment 1; Fig. 9 This is a diagram of the excavation process of the expansion device in the tunnel boring machine host embodiment 1 of the present invention; Fig.10 For Fig. 9 The tunnel cross-section diagram corresponding to the excavation process; Fig.11 This is a front view of a tunnel boring machine mainframe embodiment 2 of the present invention; Fig.12 for Fig.11 A partial enlarged view of the Fig.13 It is a side view of the rear shield and the rear telescopic shield in the tunnel boring machine main body embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1. cutterhead; 2. main beam; 2-1. first wear-resistant plate; 3. mounting seat; 3-1. ring body; 3-2. front stop body; 3-3. rear stop body; 3-4. second wear-resistant plate; 3-5. connecting rod; 3-6. sleeve body; 3-7. connecting plate; 4. driving cylinder; 5. main drive; 6. telescopic excavation arm; 6-1. guide protrusion; 7. rock breaking drum; 8. rotary cylinder; 9. connecting arm; 10. telescopic arm; 11. excavation drum; 12. front shield; 13. rear shield; 14. front telescopic shield; 15. front telescopic cylinder; 16. rear telescopic shield; 17. rear telescopic cylinder; 18. star wheel slag collecting mechanism; 19. belt conveyor; 20. support shoe; 21. propulsion cylinder; 22. fixed ring; 23. rotary ring; 24. gear ring; 25. motor; 26. driving gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the basic concept of the present invention is to add a front telescopic shield to the front shield, and to add a rear telescopic shield to the rear shield, or the rear shield itself is a rear telescopic shield that can move forward and backward relative to the main beam, and the front telescopic shield and the rear telescopic shield both include multiple sub-shield bodies. When it is necessary to expand the circular cross-section tunnel, one of the sub-shield bodies of the front telescopic shield retracts forward to expose a small piece of the circular cross-section tunnel. After the expansion, the corresponding sub-shield body of the rear telescopic shield extends forward to support the special-shaped cross-section tunnel in time, ensuring that the tunnel walls that have not been expanded and have been expanded are in a supported state.

[0039] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0040] Embodiment 1 of the tunnel boring machine main engine of the present invention: like Figure 1 As shown, the main machine of the tunnel boring machine includes a cutterhead 1 for excavating a circular cross-section tunnel and a front shield 12 for supporting the circular cross-section tunnel, a main drive 5 for driving the cutterhead 1 to rotate, and a main beam 2 extending forward and backward. A support shoe 20 is installed on the main beam 2, and a thrust cylinder 21 is connected between the support shoe 20 and the main beam 2. An expansion device for expanding the circular cross-section tunnel excavated by the cutterhead 1 to form a special-shaped cross-section tunnel is also installed on the main beam 2. The special-shaped cross-section in this embodiment is a horseshoe cross-section. The main machine of the tunnel boring machine also includes a rear shield 13 for supporting the horseshoe cross-section tunnel. The rear shield 13 is connected to the main beam 2 through a bracket and is fixed relative to the main beam 2. When the cutterhead 1 excavates forward, the rear shield 13 moves forward with the main beam 2.

[0041] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the front shield 12 is provided with a front telescopic shield 14 that can extend backwards from the front shield 12 and can be retracted forwards, and the rear shield 13 is provided with a rear telescopic shield 16 that can extend forwards from the rear shield 13 and can be retracted backwards. The front telescopic shield 14 is an arc-shaped shield body, and the shape of the rear telescopic shield 16 is adapted to the horseshoe-shaped cross-section. The front telescopic shield 14 and the rear telescopic shield 16 each include at least two sections of sub-shield bodies arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and in this embodiment, there are four sections, and each sub-shield body is equipped with an independent telescopic driving mechanism that can control the forward and backward movement of the sub-shield body. In this embodiment, the telescopic driving mechanism equipped with the sub-shield body of the front telescopic shield 14 is a front telescopic oil cylinder 15, one end of the front telescopic oil cylinder 15 is connected to the sub-shield body of the front telescopic shield 14, and the other end is connected to the front shield 12. The telescopic driving mechanism configured for the sub-shield bodies of the rear telescopic shield 16 is a rear telescopic oil cylinder 17 , one end of the rear telescopic oil cylinder 17 is connected to the sub-shield bodies of the rear telescopic shield 16 , and the other end is connected to the rear protective shield 13 .

[0042] The sub-shield bodies of the front telescopic shield 14 correspond to the sub-shield bodies of the rear telescopic shield 16 in front and back, so that in the process of the cutter head 1 excavating the circular cross-section tunnel forward, the sub-shield bodies of the front telescopic shield 14 can extend backward to support the circular cross-section tunnel; when the circular cross-section tunnel needs to be expanded, one of the sub-shield bodies of the front telescopic shield 14 retracts forward to expose a small piece of the circular cross-section tunnel, and the other positions are supported by the other sub-shield bodies of the front telescopic shield 14, which greatly reduces the construction risk. When the excavation device expands a small piece of the horseshoe-shaped cross-section tunnel, the corresponding sub-shield body of the rear telescopic shield 16 extends forward to support the horseshoe-shaped cross-section tunnel in time. Therefore, during the entire construction process, only the part of the tunnel excavated by the excavation device is exposed, and the unexpanded and expanded tunnel walls are in a state of support, which greatly reduces the safety risk and the probability of safety accidents.

[0043] In the present invention, the excavation of the expansion device and the cutter head 1 can be carried out synchronously to improve the construction efficiency. When the expansion device is excavating a small circular cross-section tunnel, except for a sub-shield body that has been retracted forward in the front telescopic shield 14, the remaining sub-shield bodies can continue to extend backward adaptively to support the newly exposed circular cross-section tunnel. When the expansion device is excavating the next position, the sub-shield bodies corresponding to the front telescopic shield 14 need to be retracted forward again. At the same time, during the excavation process of the cutter head 1, since the rear shield 13 moves forward synchronously, in order to avoid blocking, the sub-shield bodies of the rear telescopic shield 16 need to be recovered backward, and when a small horseshoe-shaped cross-section tunnel is excavated, the corresponding sub-shield bodies of the rear telescopic shield 16 need to be extended forward again to provide support in time. Therefore, the sub-shield bodies of the front telescopic shield 14 and the rear telescopic shield 16 are in a working state of continuous forward and backward movement to adapt to the excavation process of the cutter head 1 and the expansion device, achieve perfect speed matching, and ensure geological stability.

[0044] Furthermore, the rear shield 13 has a sandwich structure with the same shape as the rear shield 13, and each sub-shield body of the rear telescopic shield 16 is arranged in the sandwich of the rear shield 13, which not only plays a protective role, but also allows the rear telescopic shield 16 to be close enough to the tunnel wall to improve the support effect. At the same time, the front shield 12 has a sandwich structure with the same shape as the front shield 12, and each sub-shield body of the front telescopic shield 14 is arranged in the sandwich of the front shield 12, which also not only plays a protective role, but also allows the front telescopic shield 14 to be close enough to the tunnel wall to improve the support effect.

[0045] The above-mentioned expansion device includes expansion mechanisms on both sides, specifically, as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the excavation expansion device includes a mounting base 3 installed on the main beam 2 along the front-rear direction. The mounting base 3 is connected to a telescopic driving device for driving the mounting base 3 to move forward and backward. The telescopic driving device in this embodiment is specifically a driving cylinder 4. A plurality of driving cylinders 4 are arranged along the circumferential direction. The driving cylinder 4 is located on the front side of the mounting base 3, one end of which is connected to the mounting base 3, and the other end is connected to the main drive 5.

[0046] A telescopic excavation arm 6 extending forward and backward along the rotation axis is installed on the mounting seat 3 through a rotation drive structure, where "telescopic" means that the excavation arm can be extended and shortened, for example, two arm sections are nested and have a built-in oil cylinder, and the two ends of the oil cylinder are respectively connected to the two arm sections, which can control one arm to extend or retract, thereby changing the length of the telescopic excavation arm. The telescopic excavation arm 6 is perpendicular to the main beam 2 and a rock breaking device is connected to the end thereof. The rock breaking device in this embodiment is a rock breaking drum 7, on which cutting teeth are installed, and the rotation axis of the rock breaking drum 7 is perpendicular to the front-rear direction.

[0047] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the mounting seat 3 includes a ring body 3-1 sleeved on the outside of the main beam 2. Since the cross section of the main beam 2 is rectangular, the inner hole of the ring body 3-1 is a rectangular hole, and the four corners of the main beam 2 are respectively fixed with a first wear-resistant plate 2-1 ( Figure 4 As shown), the first wear-resistant plate 2-1 contacts the inner hole wall of the ring body 3-1, which can reduce the friction force when the mounting seat 3 moves forward and backward.

[0048] The outer peripheral surface of the ring body 3-1 is entirely cylindrical. A front stopper 3-2 is provided at the front end of the ring body 3-1, and a rear stopper 3-3 is provided at the rear end. The front stopper 3-2 is connected to one end of the driving cylinder 4. The end of the telescopic excavation arm 6 is clamped between the front stopper 3-2 and the rear stopper 3-3 and is fitted with the cylindrical surface of the ring body 3-1 through an arc surface. A telescopic drive for driving the telescopic excavation arm 6 to rotate along the cylindrical surface of the ring body 3-1 is connected between the telescopic excavation arm 6 and the mounting seat 3. The telescopic drive in this embodiment is a rotary cylinder 8. Such a rotary drive structure is relatively simple and convenient for processing, manufacturing and installation.

[0049] The telescopic excavation arm 6 and the rock-breaking drum 7 realize excavation from the back to the front under the control of the driving cylinder 4. The force applied to the telescopic excavation arm 6 during the rock-breaking process is in the direction of the back and the main beam 2. Since the telescopic excavation arm 6 and the ring body 3-1 are in surface-to-surface contact with each other, the mounting seat 3 can withstand a relatively large reaction force. At the same time, in the direction perpendicular to the front-to-back direction, the length of the rear stopper 3-3 is greater than the length of the front stopper 3-2, so that the rear stopper 3-3 can better withstand the reaction force during the rock-breaking process. In addition, in order to reduce the friction during the rotation of the telescopic excavation arm 6, a second wear-resistant plate 3-4 in contact with the side of the telescopic excavation arm 6 is provided on the rear stopper 3-3. In other embodiments, the wear-resistant plate can also be provided only on the front stopper, and of course, the wear-resistant plate can also be provided on both the front stopper and the rear stopper.

[0050] The telescopic excavation arms 6 in this embodiment are arranged in pairs and the two telescopic excavation arms 6 in a pair are respectively located on the left and right sides of the main beam 2, which can improve the excavation efficiency. Figure 3 As shown, the end of each telescopic excavation arm 6 is connected to a rock breaking roller 7, and a rotary cylinder 8 is connected between each telescopic excavation arm 6 and the mounting seat 3. A connecting rod 3-5 is fixed on the mounting seat 3. One end of the two rotary cylinders 8 corresponding to a pair of telescopic excavation arms 6 is hinged to the connecting rod 3-5 through the same pin shaft, so that the structure is relatively compact. Figure 3 A pair of telescopic excavation arms 6 is shown in FIG. 1 . If the stroke of the rotary cylinder 8 is not sufficient to enable the rock breaking drum 7 to excavate to the bottom of the tunnel, another pair of telescopic excavation arms can be added below the mounting seat 3 .

[0051] Although the telescopic excavation arm 6 is clamped between the front stopper 3-2 and the rear stopper 3-3 and is in surface contact with the ring body 3-1, the telescopic excavation arm 6 will not be separated from the mounting seat 3 under the action of the rotary cylinder 8. However, in order to improve its rotation stability, especially when a pair of telescopic excavation arms are also provided below, in order to prevent the telescopic excavation arm from coming out, a guide structure is provided at the end of the telescopic excavation arm 6 to guide and cooperate with the rear stopper 3-3 in the circumferential direction. Figure 2 As shown, the guide structure is a guide protrusion 6-1 provided at the rear side of the end of the telescopic excavation arm 6. The guide protrusion 6-1 is arc-shaped and extends into the annular groove between the second wear-resistant plate 3-4 and the ring body 3-1, and contacts and slides with the second wear-resistant plate 3-4 and the ring body 3-1, respectively, so as to prevent the telescopic excavation arm 6 from slipping out. Of course, in other embodiments, an annular groove may also be provided on the front stopper 3-2. In this case, the guide protrusion is only provided at the front side of the end of the telescopic excavation arm 6, and the guide protrusion extends into the annular groove. Of course, the guide protrusions may also be provided at the front and rear sides of the end of the telescopic excavation arm 6, respectively. In this case, annular grooves for the guide protrusion to extend into are provided on the front stopper 3-2 and the rear stopper 3-3, respectively.

[0052] like Figure 1and Figure 8 As shown, the excavation device also includes a bottom excavation mechanism connected to the lower part of the mounting seat 3 and used to excavate the bottom of the tunnel. When the oil cylinder 4 is driven to control the telescopic excavation arm 6 and the rock-breaking drum 7 to move forward for excavation, the bottom excavation mechanism moves forward synchronously with the mounting seat 3, and the rock-breaking drum 7 cannot reach the bottom of the tunnel for excavation. Specifically, the bottom excavation mechanism includes a connecting arm 9 connected to the mounting seat 3, and the connecting arm 9 includes an arm body extending left and right, and the left and right ends of the arm body are respectively provided with extension arms extending obliquely downward, and the extension arm is connected to a telescopic arm 10 that can be extended up and down through an oil cylinder, and the ends of the two telescopic arms 10 are respectively connected to excavation drums 11, and the two excavation drums 11 are arranged symmetrically on the left and right, so as to excavate the lower contour of the horseshoe-shaped cross-section tunnel.

[0053] Furthermore, the two excavation drums 11 are both cutting drums equipped with cutting teeth, and the cutting teeth on the two cutting drums are arranged in a spiral shape to transport the excavated slag to the middle, so that both excavation and slag transportation can be achieved, and construction is more convenient. In addition, the main engine of the tunnel boring machine also includes a star wheel slag collecting mechanism 18 connected to the lower part of the main beam 2. The star wheel slag collecting mechanism 18 is located at the rear side of the two cutting drums to collect the slag transported to the middle by the two cutting drums, so as to facilitate the rearward transportation of the slag. A belt conveyor 19 is arranged at the rear side of the star wheel slag collecting mechanism 18 to facilitate the transportation of the slag out of the hole.

[0054] The construction process of the tunnel boring machine mainframe in this embodiment is as follows: After the cutter head 1 excavates a circular cross-section tunnel, the two rock breaking rollers 7 are first rotated to the lower part of the tunnel under the control of the rotary cylinder 8, and then move forward under the control of the driving cylinder 4 to expand the excavation. Fig. 9 As shown in (a) in the figure, the excavated section is as follows Fig.10 As shown in (a) in the figure. For this position, the depth of one expansion is not enough to achieve the shape and size of the horseshoe section, so two expansions are required. First, the telescopic excavation arm 6 is controlled by the driving cylinder 4 to move backward and reset, and then the telescopic excavation arm 6 is controlled to extend to move the rock breaking drum 7 outward, and then the second expansion is carried out, as shown in FIG. Fig. 9 As shown in (b) in the figure, the excavated section is as follows Fig.10 Then repeat the above steps to carry out the third expansion, as shown in (b) in the figure. Fig. 9 As shown in (c) in the figure, the expanded cross section is as follows Fig.10As shown in (c) in the figure. During the third excavation process of the rock-breaking drum 7, the two excavation drums 11 also extend to excavate the bottom of the tunnel. Of course, since the excavation drum 11 moves forward synchronously with the mounting seat 3, and the connecting arm 9 is connected to the rear side of the mounting seat 3, the excavation drum 11 and the rock-breaking drum 7 are not in the same section, and the two will not interfere with each other. Therefore, when the rock-breaking drum 7 starts to excavate, the excavation drum 11 can extend to excavate the bottom of the tunnel, and the excavation is also carried out in multiple times.

[0055] When the excavation depth of a position at the bottom is qualified, the telescopic excavation arm 6 and the rock breaking drum 7 are controlled by the rotary cylinder 8 to rotate to the top of the tunnel to expand the top position. Fig. 9 As shown in (d) in the figure, the expanded cross section is as follows Fig.10 As shown in (d) in the figure, since the top needs to be excavated at a relatively shallow depth, the excavation can be completed in one step. Then, the telescopic excavation arm 6 is controlled by the rotary cylinder 8 to rotate to the side to continue the excavation. Fig. 9 As shown in (e) in the figure, the expanded cross section is as follows Fig.10 As shown in (e) in FIG. 1 , this position can also be excavated in one time. Then, the rotary cylinder 8 continues to control the telescopic excavation arm 6 to rotate and excavate the next position. Fig. 9 As shown in (f) in the figure, the excavated section is as follows Fig.10 As shown in (f) in the figure, since the thickness of the area is relatively high, it is excavated twice. Fig. 9 As shown in (g) in the figure, the completed cross section is as follows Fig.10 Then, the telescopic excavation arm 6 is further controlled to rotate by the rotary cylinder 8 to expand the last position, as shown in (g). Fig. 9 As shown in (h) in the figure, the expanded cross section is as follows Fig.10 As shown in (h), since the location is thicker, it is also expanded in two steps. Fig. 9 As shown in (i) in the figure, the completed cross section is as follows Fig.10 As shown in (i) in the figure, the excavation of the horseshoe-shaped cross-section tunnel is completed.

[0056] During the excavation process of the rock-breaking drum 7, the two excavation drums 11 can gather the fallen slag to the middle, and then transport it to the belt conveyor 19 through the star wheel slag collecting mechanism 18, and finally transport it out of the hole. In addition, when the rock-breaking drum 7 excavates to the position of the front telescopic shield 14 support, the corresponding sub-shield body retracts forward to expose a small circular cross-section tunnel. After the expansion is completed, a corresponding sub-shield body on the rear telescopic shield 16 extends forward for support. Of course, the expansion order of the rock-breaking drum 7 is not limited to the above process. For example, the top of the tunnel can be expanded first, then the side, and finally the bottom.

[0057] In the present invention, the telescopic excavation arm is perpendicular to the main beam, and the telescopic excavation arm excavates in a posture perpendicular to the tunnel without occupying too much space in the length direction. Therefore, the length of the main beam can be shortened, making the structure of the tunnel boring machine main body more compact and smaller in length, thereby improving the turning performance.

[0058] Embodiment 2 of the tunnel boring machine main engine of the present invention: like Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the embodiment 1 lies in the different structures of the slewing drive structure and the mounting seat 3. In the embodiment 2, the mounting seat 3 includes a sleeve 3-6 with a guide sleeve arranged outside the main beam 2 and a connecting plate 3-7 fixed at the front end of the sleeve 3-6, and the connecting plate 3-7 is connected to one end of the driving oil cylinder 4. The slewing drive structure includes a slewing bearing, which includes a fixed ring 22 fixedly arranged relative to the sleeve 3-6 and a slewing ring 23 that can slew relative to the sleeve 3-6 and whose slewing axis extends forward and backward. The telescopic excavation arm 6 is fixed on the slewing ring 23. A gear ring 24 is arranged on the slewing ring 23. The slewing drive structure also includes a rotary power source and a driving gear 26 installed at the output end of the rotary power source. The rotary power source is a motor 25 fixed on the fixed ring 22, which is used to control the rotation of the driving gear 26. The driving gear 26 is meshed with the gear ring 24, and can drive the slewing ring 23 to rotate, thereby changing the circumferential position of the telescopic excavation arm 6 and the rock breaking drum 7. The other structures and excavation process are the same as those in Example 1 and will not be repeated in this example.

[0059] Embodiment 3 of the tunnel boring machine main engine in the present invention: The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 is that Fig.13 As shown, the rear shield 13 has an arc-shaped sandwich structure, and each sub-shield body of the rear telescopic shield 16 is arc-shaped and is arranged in the sandwich of the rear shield 13. Although the gap between the rear telescopic shield 16 and the inner wall of the tunnel is relatively large at this time, it can still play a supporting role.

[0060] In other embodiments of the tunnel boring machine main unit: a rear telescopic shield is no longer installed on the rear shield, but the rear shield is set to a rear telescopic shield that can move forward and backward relative to the main beam. Of course, the rear telescopic shield still includes multiple sub-shield bodies. At this time, multiple slides can be installed on the main beam for forward and backward guidance. Each slide is connected to a sub-shield body through a bracket. At the same time, a telescopic driving mechanism is connected between the main beam and each slide to individually control the forward and backward movement of each slide and sub-shield body. The timing of the movement of the sub-shield body is the same as above.

[0061] In other embodiments of the tunnel boring machine mainframe: the oil cylinders for controlling the forward and backward telescopic movement of each sub-shield body of the front telescopic shield and the rear telescopic shield may also be replaced by air cylinders.

[0062] In other embodiments of the tunnel boring machine mainframe, the shield bodies of the front telescopic shield and the rear telescopic shield may also be two or three sections. Of course, depending on the tunnel diameter and the performance of the excavation device, it may also be set to five or more sections.

[0063] In other embodiments of the tunnel boring machine main unit: the various sub-shield bodies of the front telescopic shield may not be installed in the interlayer of the front shield, but may be located on the inner side of the front shield, close to the inner wall of the front shield; similarly, the various sub-shield bodies of the rear telescopic shield may not be installed in the interlayer of the rear shield, but may be located on the inner side of the rear shield, close to the inner wall of the rear shield.

[0064] In other embodiments of the tunnel boring machine mainframe: the star wheel slag collecting mechanism can also be replaced by a slag scraping manipulator, which scrapes the slag onto the belt conveyor. Of course, if the belt conveyor is set relatively high, a lifting chain bucket can also be set, and the slag scraping manipulator first scrapes the slag into the chain bucket, and then lifts and pours it onto the belt conveyor.

[0065] In other embodiments of the tunnel boring machine main unit: the cutting tool on the excavation drum can also be a roller cutter, in which case the excavation drum is equivalent to a wheel cutter disc. Of course, the cutting tool on the excavation drum can also be a scraper. In other embodiments, the excavation drum can also be replaced by a cutting head.

[0066] In other embodiments of the tunnel boring machine mainframe: the cutting tools on the two excavation drums may not be arranged in a spiral shape. In this case, the excavation drums do not have a slag conveying function, so a slag removal robot needs to be connected to the main beam to transport the slag backwards.

[0067] In other embodiments of the tunnel boring machine main unit: the excavation device may not include a bottom excavation mechanism, that is, the connecting arm, telescopic arm and excavation drum are no longer provided. At this time, only the rock breaking drum is rotated to both sides of the tunnel bottom for excavation.

[0068] In other embodiments of the tunnel boring machine mainframe: when the power is sufficient, the telescopic drive device that controls the forward and backward movement of the mounting seat can be replaced by a cylinder.

[0069] In other embodiments of the tunnel boring machine mainframe: the cutting teeth on the rock breaking drum can also be replaced by a roller cutter, and in this case the rock breaking drum is equivalent to a wheel cutter disc.

[0070] In other embodiments of the tunnel boring machine main unit: the rock breaking device can be a cutting head or a rock breaking drum whose own rotation axis extends in the front-to-back direction. At this time, the telescopic excavation arm is driven by the rotary drive structure to rotate in the circumferential direction, so that the rock breaking device expands the circular cross-section tunnel. During the expansion process, the rock breaking device can be controlled to move outward by extending the telescopic excavation arm, thereby controlling the excavation depth and cross-sectional shape. After the excavation of the section is completed, the rock breaking device is controlled to be retracted inward by retracting the telescopic excavation arm, and then the mounting seat and the telescopic excavation arm are controlled to move forward by the telescopic drive device to move the rock breaking device to the next excavation position, and the above process is repeated.

[0071] In other embodiments of the tunnel boring machine mainframe: the telescopic drive device can also be arranged on the rear side of the mounting seat, and in this case the telescopic drive device is connected between the mounting seat and the main beam.

[0072] In other embodiments of the tunnel boring machine main unit: Different from Embodiment 2, the rotating power source may be a hydraulic motor, and the gear ring may also be arranged on the fixed ring, in which case the rotating power source is fixed on the rotating ring.

[0073] In other embodiments of the tunnel boring machine main machine: Different from the first embodiment, under the condition of sufficient power, the telescopic drive for controlling the rotation of the telescopic excavation arm can also be a cylinder.

[0074] In other embodiments of the tunnel boring machine mainframe, only one telescopic excavation arm may be provided, and in this case, only one rock breaking device is provided.

[0075] In other embodiments of the tunnel boring machine main body: Different from Embodiment 1, the guide structure at the end of the telescopic excavation arm is a guide groove. In this case, the rear stopper and / or the front stopper is provided with an annular protrusion extending into the guide groove to guide the circumferential rotation of the telescopic excavation arm and prevent the telescopic excavation arm from falling out.

[0076] In other embodiments of the tunnel boring machine main unit: Different from Embodiment 1, a guide structure is no longer provided at the end of the telescopic excavation arm, and the telescopic excavation arm is now kept on the mounting seat only by a telescopic drive.

[0077] In other embodiments of the tunnel boring machine main body: Different from Embodiment 1, wear-resistant plates may no longer be provided on the rear stopper and / or the front stopper, and the side surfaces of the telescopic excavation arm are in direct contact with the front stopper and the rear stopper.

[0078] In other embodiments of the tunnel boring machine main machine: Different from Embodiment 1, no matter whether the excavation direction of the rock breaking device is from back to front or circumferential rotation, the length of the rear stop body can be equal to the length of the front stop body.

[0079] In other embodiments of the tunnel boring machine mainframe: Different from the first embodiment, only the partial outer peripheral surface of the ring body of the mounting seat may be set as a cylindrical surface, as long as the rotation stroke of the telescopic excavation arm can be met.

[0080] In other embodiments of the tunnel boring machine mainframe: the special-shaped cross-section tunnel may also be a tunnel similar to a rectangular cross-section, and the excavation of other special-shaped cross-section tunnels may be achieved by controlling the angle and elongation of the rock breaking device.

[0081] An embodiment of a tunnel boring machine in the present invention is as follows: the tunnel boring machine includes a host machine and supporting equipment. The structure of the host machine is the same as any embodiment of the tunnel boring machine host machine described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0082] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The patent protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the claims. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention should also be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel boring machine mainframe, comprising a cutter head for excavating a circular cross-section tunnel, a front shield for supporting the circular cross-section tunnel, an expansion device for expanding the circular cross-section tunnel to form a special-shaped cross-section tunnel, and a rear shield for supporting the special-shaped cross-section tunnel, wherein: The front shield is provided with a front telescopic shield which can be extended backward and retracted forward, the rear shield is provided with a rear telescopic shield which can be extended forward and retracted backward, or the rear shield itself is a rear telescopic shield which can move forward and backward relative to the main beam, the front telescopic shield and the rear telescopic shield each include at least two sub-shield bodies which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, each sub-shield body is provided with an independent telescopic driving mechanism which can control the forward and backward movement of the sub-shield body, and the sub-shield bodies of the front telescopic shield correspond front to back to the sub-shield bodies of the rear telescopic shield.

2. The tunnel boring machine main machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear shield is fixed relative to the main beam of the tunnel boring machine main body, and the rear telescopic shield is installed on the rear shield. The rear shield has a sandwich structure consistent with the shape of the rear shield, and each sub-shield body of the rear telescopic shield is arranged in the sandwich of the rear shield.

3. The tunnel boring machine mainframe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear shield is fixed relative to the main beam of the tunnel boring machine main body, and the rear telescopic shield is installed on the rear shield. The rear shield has an arc-shaped sandwich structure, and each sub-shield body of the rear telescopic shield is arc-shaped and is arranged in the sandwich of the rear shield.

4. The tunnel boring machine mainframe according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The front shield has a sandwich structure that is consistent with the shape of the front shield, and each sub-shield body of the front telescopic shield is arranged in the sandwich of the front shield.

5. The tunnel boring machine mainframe according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The excavation expansion device includes a mounting seat guided along the front-to-back direction and installed on the main beam of the tunnel boring machine main body. The mounting seat is connected to a telescopic drive device for driving the mounting seat to move forward and backward. A telescopic excavation arm extending forward and backward along the rotary axis is installed on the mounting seat through a rotary drive structure. The telescopic excavation arm is perpendicular to the main beam and a rock breaking device is connected to the end.

6. The tunnel boring machine mainframe according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting seat includes a ring body which is sleeved on the outside of the main beam, at least part of the outer circumferential surface of the ring body is a cylindrical surface, a front stopper is provided at the front end of the ring body, and a rear stopper is provided at the rear end, the end of the telescopic excavation arm is clamped between the front stopper and the rear stopper and is fitted with the cylindrical surface of the ring body through an arc surface, and a telescopic driver is connected between the telescopic excavation arm and the mounting seat for driving the telescopic excavation arm to rotate along the cylindrical surface of the ring body.

7. The tunnel boring machine main machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The excavation direction of the rock breaking device is from back to front, and in a direction perpendicular to the front and rear directions, the length of the rear stopper is greater than the length of the front stopper.

8. The tunnel boring machine main machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rear stopper and / or the front stopper are provided with wear-resistant plates which are in contact with the side surfaces of the telescopic excavation arm.

9. The tunnel boring machine main machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end of the telescopic excavation arm is provided with a guide structure which cooperates with the rear stopper and / or the front stopper in the circumferential direction.

10. The tunnel boring machine main machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The telescopic excavation arms are arranged in pairs and the two telescopic excavation arms in a pair are respectively located on the left and right sides of the main beam, the end of each telescopic excavation arm is connected with a rock breaking device, and a telescopic drive is connected between each telescopic excavation arm and the mounting seat, and one end of the two telescopic drives corresponding to a pair of telescopic excavation arms is hinged to the mounting seat through the same pin shaft.

11. The tunnel boring machine main machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotary drive structure includes a rotary bearing, which includes a fixed ring fixedly arranged relative to the mounting seat and a rotary ring that can rotate relative to the mounting seat and has a rotary axis extending forward and backward. A gear ring is arranged on the fixed ring or the rotary ring. The rotary drive structure also includes a rotary power source and a driving gear installed at the output end of the rotary power source. The driving gear is meshed with the gear ring, and the telescopic excavation arm is fixed on the rotary ring.

12. The tunnel boring machine main machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The expansion device also includes a bottom expansion mechanism connected to the lower part of the mounting seat and used to expand the bottom of the tunnel. The bottom expansion mechanism includes a connecting arm connected to the mounting seat. The left and right ends of the connecting arm are respectively connected to telescopic arms that can be extended up and down, and the ends of the two telescopic arms are respectively connected to excavation rollers.

13. The tunnel boring machine main machine according to claim 12, characterized in that: The two excavation drums are arranged symmetrically on the left and right, and the cutting tools on the two excavation drums are arranged in a spiral shape to transport the excavated slag to the middle.

14. The tunnel boring machine main machine according to claim 13, characterized in that: The main machine of the tunnel boring machine also includes a star wheel slag collecting mechanism connected to the lower part of the main beam. The star wheel slag collecting mechanism is located at the rear side of the two cutting drums to collect the slag transported to the middle by the two cutting drums.

15. A tunnel boring machine, comprising a main machine and supporting equipment, characterized in that: The host machine is a tunnel boring machine host machine as described in any one of claims 1 to 14.

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