Main machine of special-shaped section tunnel boring machine and special-shaped section tunnel boring machine

Abstract

The invention provides a main machine of a special-shaped section tunnel boring machine and the special-shaped section tunnel boring machine, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel boring equipment. The main machine comprises a cutterhead and a main beam extending front and back, an expanding excavation device used for conducting expanding excavation on a circular-section tunnel excavated by the cutterhead so as to form a special-shaped-section tunnel is installed on the main beam, and the expanding excavation device comprises an installation base installed on the main beam in a guiding mode in the front-back direction. The installation base is connected with a telescopic driving device used for driving the installation base to move front and back, a telescopic excavation arm with the rotation axis extending front and back is installed on the installation base through a rotation driving structure, the telescopic excavation arm is perpendicular to the main beam, and the end of the telescopic excavation arm is connected with a rock breaking device. The telescopic excavation arm is perpendicular to the main beam, the telescopic excavation arm conducts excavation in the posture perpendicular to the tunnel, and the space in the length direction is not excessively occupied, so that the length of the main beam can be shortened, the structure of a heading machine main machine is more compact, the length size is smaller, and the turning performance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a mainframe of a special-section tunnel boring machine and a special-section tunnel boring machine, belonging to the technical field of tunnel boring equipment. Background Art

[0002] In tunnel construction, special-shaped cross-section tunnels are a common type of tunnel, mainly including horseshoe-shaped, gate-shaped, rectangular and other cross-section tunnels. Traditional special-shaped cross-section tunnel boring machines use meshing multi-cutting discs, which have a very complex structure. If hard rock is encountered during excavation, the matching cutters cannot withstand rock hardness above 80MPa, and there are blind spots in cutting.

[0003] The Chinese invention patent application with application publication number CN118187882A discloses a shield tunneling excavation device, a hard rock tunnel boring machine, a tunnel blasting machine and a tunnel excavation method thereof, wherein the excavation device includes a cutterhead and a main beam, and variable amplitude cutting devices are installed on the left and right sides of the main beam. The cutterhead cooperates with the variable amplitude cutting device, and the cutterhead first performs construction to excavate a circular contour, and then the variable amplitude cutting device expands the sickle-shaped area to the left and right wings to form a tunnel with a horseshoe-shaped cross-section. The variable amplitude cutting device includes a mounting base fixed on the main beam, a slewing mechanism is arranged on the mounting base, a boom is arranged on the slewing mechanism, and a cutting head is arranged at the front end of the boom. The mounting base and the boom are both provided with variable amplitude cylinders, and the variable amplitude cylinders include a propulsion variable amplitude cylinder, which is used to push the boom forward or retract along the axial direction of the main beam; and an expansion variable amplitude cylinder, which is used to push the boom to perform expansion variable amplitude movement between the axial direction of the main beam and the radial direction of the main beam. A telescopic cylinder is also provided between the boom and the cutting head to control the advancement or retraction of the cutting head.

[0004] In the above-mentioned variable-length cutting device, the rotation axis of the slewing mechanism extends in the left-right direction, perpendicular to the extension direction of the tunnel. Therefore, the boom realizes up and down swinging under the action of the slewing mechanism, and the boom is always in a forward overhanging state during the excavation process, which requires a certain length of space, resulting in a relatively long main beam, which in turn causes the structure of the main machine of the tunnel boring machine to be not compact enough and the length to be large, affecting the turning performance. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a main machine for a special-section tunnel boring machine, so as to solve the problem that in the prior art, a variable-length cutting device is used to expand and excavate a special-section tunnel, and the large arm in the variable-length cutting device swings up and down and cantilevers forward, resulting in a relatively long main beam, which in turn causes the structure of the main machine of the tunnel boring machine to be not compact enough, the length is large, and the turning performance is affected; the object of the present invention is also to provide a special-section tunnel boring machine to solve the above-mentioned problem.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the main machine of the special-shaped cross-section tunnel boring machine in the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: A main machine of a special-section tunnel boring machine comprises a cutterhead and a main beam extending forward and backward, an expansion device for expanding a circular-section tunnel excavated by the cutterhead to form a special-section tunnel is installed on the main beam, the expansion device comprises a mounting seat guided and installed on the main beam along the forward and backward directions, the mounting seat is connected to a telescopic drive device for driving the mounting seat to move forward and backward, a telescopic excavation arm extending forward and backward of a rotary axis is installed on the mounting seat through a rotary drive structure, the telescopic excavation arm is perpendicular to the main beam and a rock breaking device is connected to the end thereof.

[0007] The beneficial effect of the above technical scheme is that the present invention belongs to an improved invention creation, which mainly further defines the expansion device. The expansion device in the present invention includes a mounting seat guided and installed on the main beam along the front and rear directions, and the mounting seat is connected to a telescopic driving device, which can drive the mounting seat to move forward and backward; a telescopic excavation arm extending forward and backward of the rotary axis is installed on the mounting seat through a rotary driving structure, and the telescopic excavation arm is perpendicular to the main beam and a rock breaking device is connected to the end thereof, so that the mounting seat and the telescopic excavation arm can be driven to move forward through the telescopic driving device, so that the rock breaking device can expand the circular cross-section tunnel, and after a forward expansion stroke, the telescopic driving device can control the mounting seat and the telescopic excavation arm to move backward and reset, and at this time, if the excavation depth is not enough, the rock breaking device can be controlled to move outward by extending the telescopic excavation arm, and then the above steps are repeated until the excavation depth is appropriate; then the telescopic excavation arm can be made to rotate a certain angle in the circumferential direction through the rotary driving structure, and then continue to excavate forward under the action of the telescopic driving device, and repeat the above steps to excavate a tunnel with a special cross-section.

[0008] Of course, the above excavation process can also be replaced by: driving the telescopic excavation arm to rotate circumferentially through the rotary drive structure, so that the rock breaking device can expand the circular cross-section tunnel. During the expansion process, the rock breaking device can be controlled to move outward by extending the telescopic excavation arm, thereby controlling the excavation depth and cross-sectional shape. After the excavation of the section is completed, the rock breaking device is controlled to be retracted inward by retracting the telescopic excavation arm, and then the mounting seat and the telescopic excavation arm are controlled to move forward through the telescopic drive device to move the rock breaking device to the next excavation position, and the above process can be repeated.

[0009] Since the telescopic excavation arm in the present invention is perpendicular to the main beam, the telescopic excavation arm excavates in a posture perpendicular to the tunnel without occupying too much space in the length direction. Therefore, the length of the main beam can be shortened, making the structure of the tunnel boring machine main body more compact and smaller in length, thereby improving the turning performance.

[0010] Furthermore, the mounting seat includes a ring body which is sleeved on the outside of the main beam, at least part of the outer circumferential surface of the ring body is a cylindrical surface, a front stopper is provided at the front end of the ring body, and a rear stopper is provided at the rear end, the end of the telescopic excavation arm is clamped between the front stopper and the rear stopper and is fitted with the cylindrical surface of the ring body through an arc surface, and a telescopic drive is connected between the telescopic excavation arm and the mounting seat for driving the telescopic excavation arm to rotate along the cylindrical surface of the ring body.

[0011] Furthermore, the excavation direction of the rock breaking device is from back to front, and in a direction perpendicular to the front and rear directions, the length of the rear stopper is greater than the length of the front stopper.

[0012] Furthermore, the rear stopper and / or the front stopper is provided with a wear-resistant plate in contact with the side surface of the telescopic excavation arm.

[0013] Furthermore, the end of the telescopic excavation arm is provided with a guiding structure which cooperates with the rear stopper and / or the front stopper in the circumferential direction.

[0014] Furthermore, the telescopic excavation arms are arranged in pairs and the two telescopic excavation arms in a pair are respectively located on the left and right sides of the main beam, the end of each telescopic excavation arm is connected to a rock breaking device, and a telescopic drive is connected between each telescopic excavation arm and the mounting seat, and one end of the two telescopic drives corresponding to a pair of telescopic excavation arms is hinged to the mounting seat through the same pin shaft.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotary drive structure includes a rotary bearing, which includes a fixed ring fixedly arranged relative to the mounting seat and a rotary ring that can rotate relative to the mounting seat and has a rotary axis extending forward and backward. A gear ring is arranged on the fixed ring or the rotary ring. The rotary drive structure also includes a rotary power source and a driving gear installed at the output end of the rotary power source. The driving gear is meshed with the gear ring, and the telescopic excavation arm is fixed on the rotary ring.

[0016] Furthermore, the telescopic drive device is located at the front side of the mounting seat, one end of the telescopic drive device is connected to the mounting seat, and the other end is connected to the main drive of the special-section tunnel boring machine main machine.

[0017] Furthermore, the expansion device also includes a bottom expansion mechanism connected to the lower part of the mounting seat and used to expand the bottom of the tunnel. The bottom expansion mechanism includes a connecting arm connected to the mounting seat, and the left and right ends of the connecting arm are respectively connected to telescopic arms that can be extended up and down, and the ends of the two telescopic arms are respectively connected to excavation rollers.

[0018] Furthermore, the two excavation drums are arranged symmetrically on the left and right, and the cutting tools on the two excavation drums are arranged in a spiral shape to transport the excavated slag to the middle.

[0019] Furthermore, the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine also includes a star wheel slag collecting mechanism connected to the lower part of the main beam, and the star wheel slag collecting mechanism is located at the rear side of the two cutting drums to collect the slag transported to the middle by the two cutting drums.

[0020] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the special-section tunnel boring machine of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: A special-section tunnel boring machine includes a main machine and rear supporting equipment. The main machine includes a cutter head and a main beam extending forward and backward. An expansion device is installed on the main beam for expanding a circular section tunnel excavated by the cutter head to form a special-section tunnel. The expansion device includes a mounting seat installed on the main beam along the front-back direction. The mounting seat is connected to a telescopic drive device for driving the mounting seat to move forward and backward. A telescopic excavation arm extending forward and backward of a rotary axis is installed on the mounting seat through a rotary drive structure. The telescopic excavation arm is perpendicular to the main beam and a rock breaking device is connected to the end.

[0021] The beneficial effect of the above technical scheme is that the present invention belongs to an improved invention creation, which mainly further defines the expansion device. The expansion device in the present invention includes a mounting seat guided and installed on the main beam along the front and rear directions, and the mounting seat is connected to a telescopic driving device, which can drive the mounting seat to move forward and backward; a telescopic excavation arm extending forward and backward of the rotary axis is installed on the mounting seat through a rotary driving structure, and the telescopic excavation arm is perpendicular to the main beam and a rock breaking device is connected to the end thereof, so that the mounting seat and the telescopic excavation arm can be driven to move forward through the telescopic driving device, so that the rock breaking device can expand the circular cross-section tunnel, and after a forward expansion stroke, the telescopic driving device can control the mounting seat and the telescopic excavation arm to move backward and reset, and at this time, if the excavation depth is not enough, the rock breaking device can be controlled to move outward by extending the telescopic excavation arm, and then the above steps are repeated until the excavation depth is appropriate; then the telescopic excavation arm can be made to rotate a certain angle in the circumferential direction through the rotary driving structure, and then continue to excavate forward under the action of the telescopic driving device, and repeat the above steps to excavate a tunnel with a special cross-section.

[0022] Of course, the above excavation process can also be replaced by: driving the telescopic excavation arm to rotate circumferentially through the rotary drive structure, so that the rock breaking device can expand the circular cross-section tunnel. During the expansion process, the rock breaking device can be controlled to move outward by extending the telescopic excavation arm, thereby controlling the excavation depth and cross-sectional shape. After the excavation of the section is completed, the rock breaking device is controlled to be retracted inward by retracting the telescopic excavation arm, and then the mounting seat and the telescopic excavation arm are controlled to move forward through the telescopic drive device to move the rock breaking device to the next excavation position, and the above process can be repeated.

[0023] Since the telescopic excavation arm in the present invention is perpendicular to the main beam, the telescopic excavation arm excavates in a posture perpendicular to the tunnel without occupying too much space in the length direction. Therefore, the length of the main beam can be shortened, making the structure of the tunnel boring machine main body more compact and smaller in length, thereby improving the turning performance.

[0024] Furthermore, the mounting seat includes a ring body which is sleeved on the outside of the main beam, at least part of the outer circumferential surface of the ring body is a cylindrical surface, a front stopper is provided at the front end of the ring body, and a rear stopper is provided at the rear end, the end of the telescopic excavation arm is clamped between the front stopper and the rear stopper and is fitted with the cylindrical surface of the ring body through an arc surface, and a telescopic drive is connected between the telescopic excavation arm and the mounting seat for driving the telescopic excavation arm to rotate along the cylindrical surface of the ring body.

[0025] Furthermore, the excavation direction of the rock breaking device is from back to front, and in a direction perpendicular to the front and rear directions, the length of the rear stopper is greater than the length of the front stopper.

[0026] Furthermore, the rear stopper and / or the front stopper is provided with a wear-resistant plate in contact with the side surface of the telescopic excavation arm.

[0027] Furthermore, the end of the telescopic excavation arm is provided with a guiding structure which cooperates with the rear stopper and / or the front stopper in the circumferential direction.

[0028] Furthermore, the telescopic excavation arms are arranged in pairs and the two telescopic excavation arms in a pair are respectively located on the left and right sides of the main beam, the end of each telescopic excavation arm is connected to a rock breaking device, and a telescopic drive is connected between each telescopic excavation arm and the mounting seat, and one end of the two telescopic drives corresponding to a pair of telescopic excavation arms is hinged to the mounting seat through the same pin shaft.

[0029] Furthermore, the rotary drive structure includes a rotary bearing, which includes a fixed ring fixedly arranged relative to the mounting seat and a rotary ring that can rotate relative to the mounting seat and has a rotary axis extending forward and backward. A gear ring is arranged on the fixed ring or the rotary ring. The rotary drive structure also includes a rotary power source and a driving gear installed at the output end of the rotary power source. The driving gear is meshed with the gear ring, and the telescopic excavation arm is fixed on the rotary ring.

[0030] Furthermore, the telescopic driving device is located at the front side of the mounting seat, one end of the telescopic driving device is connected to the mounting seat, and the other end is connected to the main drive of the main machine.

[0031] Furthermore, the expansion device also includes a bottom expansion mechanism connected to the lower part of the mounting seat and used to expand the bottom of the tunnel. The bottom expansion mechanism includes a connecting arm connected to the mounting seat, and the left and right ends of the connecting arm are respectively connected to telescopic arms that can be extended up and down, and the ends of the two telescopic arms are respectively connected to excavation rollers.

[0032] Furthermore, the two excavation drums are arranged symmetrically on the left and right, and the cutting tools on the two excavation drums are arranged in a spiral shape to transport the excavated slag to the middle.

[0033] Furthermore, the main machine also includes a star wheel slag collecting mechanism connected to the lower part of the main beam, and the star wheel slag collecting mechanism is located at the rear side of the two cutting drums to collect the slag and stone transported to the middle by the two cutting drums. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a front view of a main machine embodiment 1 of a special-section tunnel boring machine according to the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the Figure 3 It is a side view of the digging mechanism on both sides in the main machine embodiment 1 of the special-section tunnel boring machine of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the use status of the front telescopic shield and the rear telescopic shield in Embodiment 1 of the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine of the present invention (the front telescopic shield is in a state of extending backwards from the front shield body); Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the use status of the front telescopic shield and the rear telescopic shield in Embodiment 1 of the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine of the present invention (the front telescopic shield is in a state of being retracted forward); Figure 7 It is a side view of the front telescopic shield and the rear telescopic shield in Embodiment 1 of the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a side view of the bottom digging mechanism in the embodiment 1 of the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine of the present invention; Fig. 9 This is a diagram of the excavation process of the expansion device in the main body of the special-section tunnel boring machine of the present invention in Embodiment 1; Fig.10 For Fig. 9 The tunnel cross-section diagram corresponding to the excavation process; Fig.11 This is a front view of a mainframe of a special-section tunnel boring machine according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Fig.12 for Fig.11 A partial enlarged view of the Fig.13 It is a side view of the rear shield body and the rear telescopic shield in Embodiment 3 of the main body of the special-section tunnel boring machine of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1. cutterhead; 2. main beam; 2-1. first wear-resistant plate; 3. mounting seat; 3-1. ring body; 3-2. front stop body; 3-3. rear stop body; 3-4. second wear-resistant plate; 3-5. connecting rod; 3-6. sleeve body; 3-7. connecting plate; 4. driving cylinder; 5. main drive; 6. telescopic excavation arm; 6-1. guide protrusion; 7. rock breaking drum; 8. rotary cylinder; 9. connecting arm; 10. telescopic arm; 11. excavation drum; 12. front side shield body; 13. rear side shield body; 14. front telescopic shield; 15. front telescopic cylinder; 16. rear telescopic shield; 17. rear telescopic cylinder; 18. star wheel slag collecting mechanism; 19. belt conveyor; 20. support shoe; 21. propulsion cylinder; 22. fixed ring; 23. rotary ring; 24. gear ring; 25. motor; 26. driving gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In response to the technical problems existing in the prior art, the basic concept of the present invention is to set the telescopic excavation arm in the expansion device perpendicular to the main beam, and realize the expansion operation through circumferential rotation or front and rear extension. The telescopic excavation arm does not occupy too much space in the length direction, so that the structure of the tunnel boring machine main body can be more compact.

[0037] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0038] Embodiment 1 of the main machine of the special-shaped cross-section tunnel boring machine in the present invention: like Figure 1 As shown, the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine includes a cutterhead 1 for excavating a circular-section tunnel, a main drive 5 for driving the cutterhead 1 to rotate, and a main beam 2 extending forward and backward, on which a gripper 20 is installed, and a thrust cylinder 21 is connected between the gripper 20 and the main beam 2. An expansion device for expanding the circular-section tunnel excavated by the cutterhead 1 to form a special-section tunnel is also installed on the main beam 2. The special-section in this embodiment is a horseshoe-shaped section, and the expansion device includes a two-side expansion mechanism and a bottom expansion mechanism.

[0039] Specifically, the excavation expansion device includes a mounting base 3 installed on the main beam 2 along the front-rear direction. The mounting base 3 is connected to a telescopic driving device for driving the mounting base 3 to move forward and backward. The telescopic driving device in this embodiment is specifically a driving cylinder 4. There are multiple driving cylinders 4 arranged along the circumferential direction. The driving cylinder 4 is located on the front side of the mounting base 3, one end of which is connected to the mounting base 3, and the other end is connected to the main drive 5.

[0040] A telescopic excavation arm 6 extending forward and backward along the rotation axis is installed on the mounting seat 3 through a rotation drive structure, where "telescopic" means that the excavation arm can be extended and shortened, for example, two arm sections are nested and have a built-in oil cylinder, and the two ends of the oil cylinder are respectively connected to the two arm sections, which can control one arm to extend or retract, thereby changing the length of the telescopic excavation arm. The telescopic excavation arm 6 is perpendicular to the main beam 2 and a rock breaking device is connected to the end thereof. The rock breaking device in this embodiment is a rock breaking drum 7, on which cutting teeth are installed, and the rotation axis of the rock breaking drum 7 is perpendicular to the front-rear direction.

[0041] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the mounting seat 3 includes a ring body 3-1 sleeved on the outside of the main beam 2. Since the cross section of the main beam 2 is rectangular, the inner hole of the ring body 3-1 is a rectangular hole, and the four corners of the main beam 2 are respectively fixed with a first wear-resistant plate 2-1 ( Figure 4 As shown), the first wear-resistant plate 2-1 contacts the inner hole wall of the ring body 3-1, which can reduce the friction force when the mounting seat 3 moves forward and backward.

[0042] The outer peripheral surface of the ring body 3-1 is entirely cylindrical. A front stopper 3-2 is provided at the front end of the ring body 3-1, and a rear stopper 3-3 is provided at the rear end. The front stopper 3-2 is connected to one end of the driving cylinder 4. The end of the telescopic excavation arm 6 is clamped between the front stopper 3-2 and the rear stopper 3-3 and is fitted with the cylindrical surface of the ring body 3-1 through an arc surface. A telescopic drive for driving the telescopic excavation arm 6 to rotate along the cylindrical surface of the ring body 3-1 is connected between the telescopic excavation arm 6 and the mounting seat 3. The telescopic drive in this embodiment is a rotary cylinder 8. Such a rotary drive structure is relatively simple and convenient for processing, manufacturing and installation.

[0043] The telescopic excavation arm 6 and the rock-breaking drum 7 realize excavation from the back to the front under the control of the driving cylinder 4. The force applied to the telescopic excavation arm 6 during the rock-breaking process is in the direction of the back and the main beam 2. Since the telescopic excavation arm 6 and the ring body 3-1 are in surface-to-surface contact with each other, the mounting seat 3 can withstand a relatively large reaction force. At the same time, in the direction perpendicular to the front-to-back direction, the length of the rear stopper 3-3 is greater than the length of the front stopper 3-2, so that the rear stopper 3-3 can better withstand the reaction force during the rock-breaking process. In addition, in order to reduce the friction during the rotation of the telescopic excavation arm 6, a second wear-resistant plate 3-4 in contact with the side of the telescopic excavation arm 6 is provided on the rear stopper 3-3. In other embodiments, the wear-resistant plate can also be provided only on the front stopper, and of course, the wear-resistant plate can also be provided on both the front stopper and the rear stopper.

[0044] The telescopic excavation arms 6 in this embodiment are arranged in pairs and the two telescopic excavation arms 6 in a pair are respectively located on the left and right sides of the main beam 2, which can improve the excavation efficiency. Figure 3As shown, the end of each telescopic excavation arm 6 is connected to a rock breaking roller 7, and a rotary cylinder 8 is connected between each telescopic excavation arm 6 and the mounting seat 3. A connecting rod 3-5 is fixed on the mounting seat 3. One end of the two rotary cylinders 8 corresponding to a pair of telescopic excavation arms 6 is hinged to the connecting rod 3-5 through the same pin shaft, so that the structure is relatively compact. Figure 3 A pair of telescopic excavation arms 6 is shown in FIG. 1 . If the stroke of the rotary cylinder 8 is not sufficient to enable the rock breaking drum 7 to excavate to the bottom of the tunnel, another pair of telescopic excavation arms can be added below the mounting seat 3 .

[0045] Although the telescopic excavation arm 6 is clamped between the front stopper 3-2 and the rear stopper 3-3 and is in surface contact with the ring body 3-1, the telescopic excavation arm 6 will not be separated from the mounting seat 3 under the action of the rotary cylinder 8. However, in order to improve its rotation stability, especially when a pair of telescopic excavation arms are also provided below, in order to prevent the telescopic excavation arm from coming out, a guide structure is provided at the end of the telescopic excavation arm 6 to guide and cooperate with the rear stopper 3-3 in the circumferential direction. Figure 2 As shown, the guide structure is a guide protrusion 6-1 provided at the rear side of the end of the telescopic excavation arm 6. The guide protrusion 6-1 is arc-shaped and extends into the annular groove between the second wear-resistant plate 3-4 and the ring body 3-1, and contacts and slides with the second wear-resistant plate 3-4 and the ring body 3-1, respectively, so as to prevent the telescopic excavation arm 6 from slipping out. Of course, in other embodiments, an annular groove may also be provided on the front stopper 3-2. In this case, the guide protrusion is only provided at the front side of the end of the telescopic excavation arm 6, and the guide protrusion extends into the annular groove. Of course, the guide protrusions may also be provided at the front and rear sides of the end of the telescopic excavation arm 6, respectively. In this case, annular grooves for the guide protrusion to extend into are provided on the front stopper 3-2 and the rear stopper 3-3, respectively.

[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, the excavation device also includes a bottom excavation mechanism connected to the lower part of the mounting seat 3 and used to excavate the bottom of the tunnel. When the oil cylinder 4 is driven to control the telescopic excavation arm 6 and the rock-breaking drum 7 to move forward for excavation, the bottom excavation mechanism moves forward synchronously with the mounting seat 3, and the rock-breaking drum 7 cannot reach the bottom of the tunnel for excavation. Specifically, the bottom excavation mechanism includes a connecting arm 9 connected to the mounting seat 3, and the connecting arm 9 includes an arm body extending left and right, and the left and right ends of the arm body are respectively provided with extension arms extending obliquely downward, and the extension arm is connected to a telescopic arm 10 that can be extended up and down through an oil cylinder, and the ends of the two telescopic arms 10 are respectively connected to excavation drums 11, and the two excavation drums 11 are arranged symmetrically on the left and right, so as to excavate the lower contour of the horseshoe-shaped cross-section tunnel.

[0047] Furthermore, the two excavation drums 11 are both cutting drums equipped with cutting teeth, and the cutting teeth on the two cutting drums are arranged in a spiral shape to transport the excavated slag to the middle, so that both excavation and slag transportation can be achieved, and construction is more convenient. In addition, the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine also includes a star wheel slag collecting mechanism 18 connected to the lower part of the main beam 2. The star wheel slag collecting mechanism 18 is located at the rear side of the two cutting drums to collect the slag transported to the middle by the two cutting drums, so as to facilitate the rearward transportation of the slag. A belt conveyor 19 is arranged at the rear side of the star wheel slag collecting mechanism 18 to facilitate the transportation of the slag out of the hole.

[0048] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the main body of the special-section tunnel boring machine also includes a front shield body 12 for supporting the excavated circular section tunnel and a rear shield body 13 for supporting the excavated special-section tunnel. The cutterhead 1 and the main drive 5 are installed on the front shield body 12, and the rear shield body 13 is connected to the main beam 2 through a bracket. When the cutterhead 1 excavates forward, the rear shield body 13 moves forward with the main beam 2.

[0049] In the present invention, both the front shield body 12 and the rear shield body 13 are provided with a sandwich structure, a front telescopic shield 14 is installed inside the sandwich of the front shield body 12, a front telescopic oil cylinder 15 is connected between the front telescopic shield 14 and the front shield body 12, and the front telescopic oil cylinder 15 is used to control the front telescopic shield 14 to extend backward or retract forward to the front shield body 12. A rear telescopic shield 16 is installed inside the sandwich of the rear shield body 13, a rear telescopic oil cylinder 17 is connected between the rear telescopic shield 16 and the rear shield body 13, and the rear telescopic oil cylinder 17 is used to control the rear telescopic shield 16 to extend forward or retract backward to the rear shield body 13.

[0050] Combination Figure 7 As shown, the front telescopic shield 14 is an arc-shaped shield body, and the shape of the rear telescopic shield 16 is adapted to the horseshoe-shaped cross section, and the front telescopic shield 14 and the rear telescopic shield 16 are both composed of at least two sections of shield bodies arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and in this embodiment, there are four sections. Each section of the shield body is equipped with an independent telescopic drive mechanism, that is, each section of the front telescopic shield 14 is connected to the front telescopic oil cylinder 15, and each section of the rear telescopic shield 16 is connected to the rear telescopic oil cylinder 17, and each section of the shield body can be independently telescoped forward and backward.

[0051] The sub-shield bodies of the front telescopic shield 14 correspond to the sub-shield bodies of the rear telescopic shield 16 in front and back, so that in the process of the cutter head 1 excavating the circular cross-section tunnel forward, the sub-shield bodies of the front telescopic shield 14 can extend backward to support the circular cross-section tunnel; when the circular cross-section tunnel needs to be expanded, one of the sub-shield bodies of the front telescopic shield 14 retracts forward to expose a small piece of the circular cross-section tunnel, and the other positions are supported by the other sub-shield bodies of the front telescopic shield 14, which greatly reduces the construction risk. When the excavation device expands a small piece of the horseshoe-shaped cross-section tunnel, the corresponding sub-shield body of the rear telescopic shield 16 extends forward to support the horseshoe-shaped cross-section tunnel in time. Therefore, during the entire construction process, only the part of the tunnel excavated by the excavation device is exposed, and the unexpanded and expanded tunnel walls are in a state of support, which greatly reduces the safety risk and the probability of safety accidents.

[0052] In the present invention, the excavation of the expansion device and the cutter head 1 can be carried out synchronously to improve the construction efficiency. When the expansion device is excavating a small circular cross-section tunnel, except for a sub-shield body that has been retracted forward in the front telescopic shield 14, the remaining sub-shield bodies can continue to extend backward adaptively to support the newly exposed circular cross-section tunnel. When the expansion device is excavating the next position, the sub-shield bodies corresponding to the front telescopic shield 14 need to be retracted forward again. At the same time, during the excavation process of the cutter head 1, since the rear shield 13 moves forward synchronously, in order to avoid blocking, the sub-shield bodies of the rear telescopic shield 16 need to be recovered backward, and when a small horseshoe-shaped cross-section tunnel is excavated, the corresponding sub-shield bodies of the rear telescopic shield 16 need to be extended forward again to provide support in time. Therefore, the sub-shield bodies of the front telescopic shield 14 and the rear telescopic shield 16 are in a working state of continuous forward and backward movement to adapt to the excavation process of the cutter head 1 and the expansion device, achieve perfect speed matching, and ensure geological stability.

[0053] The construction process of the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine in this embodiment is as follows: After the cutter head 1 excavates a circular cross-section tunnel, the two rock breaking rollers 7 are first rotated to the lower part of the tunnel under the control of the rotary cylinder 8, and then move forward under the control of the driving cylinder 4 to expand the excavation. Fig. 9 As shown in (a) in the figure, the excavated section is as follows Fig.10 As shown in (a) in the figure. For this position, the depth of one expansion is not enough to achieve the shape and size of the horseshoe section, so two expansions are required. First, the telescopic excavation arm 6 is controlled by the driving cylinder 4 to move backward and reset, and then the telescopic excavation arm 6 is controlled to extend to move the rock breaking drum 7 outward, and then the second expansion is carried out, as shown in FIG. Fig. 9 As shown in (b) in the figure, the excavated section is as follows Fig.10 Then repeat the above steps to carry out the third expansion, as shown in (b) in the figure. Fig. 9As shown in (c) in the figure, the excavated section is as follows Fig.10 As shown in (c) in the figure. During the third excavation process of the rock-breaking drum 7, the two excavation drums 11 also extend to excavate the bottom of the tunnel. Of course, since the excavation drum 11 moves forward synchronously with the mounting seat 3, and the connecting arm 9 is connected to the rear side of the mounting seat 3, the excavation drum 11 and the rock-breaking drum 7 are not in the same section, and the two will not interfere with each other. Therefore, when the rock-breaking drum 7 starts to excavate, the excavation drum 11 can extend to excavate the bottom of the tunnel, and the excavation is also carried out in multiple times.

[0054] When the excavation depth of a position at the bottom is qualified, the telescopic excavation arm 6 and the rock breaking drum 7 are controlled by the rotary cylinder 8 to rotate to the top of the tunnel to expand the top position. Fig. 9 As shown in (d) in the figure, the expanded cross section is as follows Fig.10 As shown in (d) in the figure, since the top needs to be excavated at a relatively shallow depth, the excavation can be completed in one step. Then, the telescopic excavation arm 6 is controlled by the rotary cylinder 8 to rotate to the side to continue the excavation. Fig. 9 As shown in (e) in the figure, the expanded cross section is as follows Fig.10 As shown in (e) in FIG. 1 , this position can also be excavated in one time. Then, the rotary cylinder 8 continues to control the telescopic excavation arm 6 to rotate and excavate the next position. Fig. 9 As shown in (f) in the figure, the excavated section is as follows Fig.10 As shown in (f) in the figure, since the thickness of the area is relatively high, it is excavated twice. Fig. 9 As shown in (g) in the figure, the completed cross section is as follows Fig.10 Then, the telescopic excavation arm 6 is further controlled to rotate by the rotary cylinder 8 to expand the last position, as shown in (g). Fig. 9 As shown in (h) in the figure, the excavated section is as follows Fig.10 As shown in (h), since the location is thicker, it is also expanded in two steps. Fig. 9 As shown in (i) in the figure, the completed cross section is as follows Fig.10 As shown in (i) in the figure, the excavation of the horseshoe-shaped cross-section tunnel is completed.

[0055] During the excavation process of the rock-breaking drum 7, the two excavation drums 11 can gather the fallen slag to the middle, and then transport it to the belt conveyor 19 through the star wheel slag collecting mechanism 18, and finally transport it out of the hole. In addition, when the rock-breaking drum 7 excavates to the position of the front telescopic shield 14 support, the corresponding sub-shield body retracts forward to expose a small circular cross-section tunnel. After the expansion is completed, a corresponding sub-shield body on the rear telescopic shield 16 extends forward for support. Of course, the expansion order of the rock-breaking drum 7 is not limited to the above process. For example, the top of the tunnel can be expanded first, then the side, and finally the bottom.

[0056] In the present invention, the telescopic excavation arm is perpendicular to the main beam, and the telescopic excavation arm excavates in a posture perpendicular to the tunnel without occupying too much space in the length direction. Therefore, the length of the main beam can be shortened, making the structure of the tunnel boring machine main body more compact and smaller in length, thereby improving the turning performance.

[0057] Embodiment 2 of the main machine of the special-shaped cross-section tunnel boring machine in the present invention: like Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the embodiment 1 lies in the different structures of the slewing drive structure and the mounting seat 3. In the embodiment 2, the mounting seat 3 includes a sleeve 3-6 with a guide sleeve arranged outside the main beam 2 and a connecting plate 3-7 fixed at the front end of the sleeve 3-6, and the connecting plate 3-7 is connected to one end of the driving oil cylinder 4. The slewing drive structure includes a slewing bearing, which includes a fixed ring 22 fixedly arranged relative to the sleeve 3-6 and a slewing ring 23 that can slew relative to the sleeve 3-6 and whose slewing axis extends forward and backward. The telescopic excavation arm 6 is fixed on the slewing ring 23. A gear ring 24 is arranged on the slewing ring 23. The slewing drive structure also includes a rotary power source and a driving gear 26 installed at the output end of the rotary power source. The rotary power source is a motor 25 fixed on the fixed ring 22, which is used to control the rotation of the driving gear 26. The driving gear 26 is meshed with the gear ring 24, and can drive the slewing ring 23 to rotate, thereby changing the circumferential position of the telescopic excavation arm 6 and the rock breaking drum 7. The other structures and excavation process are the same as those in Example 1 and will not be repeated in this example.

[0058] Embodiment 3 of the main machine of the special-shaped cross-section tunnel boring machine in the present invention: The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 is that Fig.13 As shown, the rear telescopic shield 16 in the rear shield body 13 is in an arc shape. Although the gap between the rear telescopic shield 16 and the inner wall of the tunnel is relatively large at this time, it can still play a supporting role.

[0059] In other embodiments of the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine: the oil cylinders for controlling the forward and backward telescopic movement of the front telescopic shield and the rear telescopic shield can also be replaced by air cylinders.

[0060] In other embodiments of the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine: the shield bodies of the front telescopic shield and the rear telescopic shield can also be two or three sections. Of course, in other embodiments, the front telescopic shield and the rear telescopic shield can both be an integrated shield body, which is telescopic as a whole.

[0061] In other embodiments of the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine: the front telescopic shield may not be installed in the interlayer of the front shield body, but may be located on the inner side of the front shield body; similarly, the rear telescopic shield may not be installed in the interlayer of the rear shield body, but may be located on the inner side of the rear shield body.

[0062] In other embodiments of the main body of a special-section tunnel boring machine: the main body of the special-section tunnel boring machine may not include a front telescopic shield and a rear telescopic shield, and only rely on a front side shield body and a rear side shield body for support.

[0063] In other embodiments of the mainframe of the special-section tunnel boring machine: the star wheel slag collecting mechanism can also be replaced by a slag scraping manipulator, which scrapes the slag onto the belt conveyor. Of course, if the belt conveyor is set relatively high, a lifting chain bucket can also be set, and the slag scraping manipulator first scrapes the slag into the chain bucket, and then lifts and pours it onto the belt conveyor.

[0064] In other embodiments of the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine: the cutting tool on the excavation drum can also be a roller cutter. In this case, the excavation drum is equivalent to a wheel cutter disc. Of course, the cutting tool on the excavation drum can also be a scraper. In other embodiments, the excavation drum can also be replaced by a cutting head.

[0065] In other embodiments of the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine: the cutting tools on the two excavation drums may not be arranged in a spiral shape. In this case, the excavation drums do not have a slag conveying function, so a slag removal robot needs to be connected to the main beam to transport the slag backwards.

[0066] In other embodiments of the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine: the expansion device may not include a bottom expansion mechanism, that is, the connecting arm, telescopic arm and excavation drum are no longer provided. At this time, only the rock breaking drum is rotated to both sides of the tunnel bottom for expansion.

[0067] In other embodiments of the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine: when the power is sufficient, the telescopic drive device that controls the forward and backward movement of the mounting seat can be replaced by a cylinder.

[0068] In other embodiments of the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine: the cutting teeth on the rock breaking drum can also be replaced by a roller cutter, and in this case the rock breaking drum is equivalent to a wheel cutter head.

[0069] In other embodiments of the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine: the rock breaking device can be a cutting head or a rock breaking drum whose own rotation axis extends in the front-to-back direction. At this time, the telescopic excavation arm is driven by the rotary drive structure to rotate in the circumferential direction, so that the rock breaking device expands the circular section tunnel. During the expansion process, the rock breaking device can be controlled to move outward by extending the telescopic excavation arm, thereby controlling the excavation depth and the cross-sectional shape. After the excavation of the section is completed, the rock breaking device is controlled to be retracted inward by retracting the telescopic excavation arm, and then the mounting seat and the telescopic excavation arm are controlled to move forward by the telescopic drive device to move the rock breaking device to the next excavation position, and the above process is repeated.

[0070] In other embodiments of the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine: the telescopic drive device can also be arranged on the rear side of the mounting seat, and the telescopic drive device is connected between the mounting seat and the main beam.

[0071] In other embodiments of the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine: Different from Embodiment 2, the rotating power source can be a hydraulic motor, and the gear ring can also be set on the fixed ring, in which case the rotating power source is fixed on the rotating ring.

[0072] In other embodiments of the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine: Different from the first embodiment, under the condition of sufficient power, the telescopic drive for controlling the rotation of the telescopic excavation arm can also be a cylinder.

[0073] In other embodiments of the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine: only one telescopic excavation arm may be provided, and in this case, only one rock breaking device is also provided.

[0074] In other embodiments of the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine: Different from Embodiment 1, the guide structure at the end of the telescopic excavation arm is a guide groove. In this case, the rear stopper and / or the front stopper is provided with an annular protrusion extending into the guide groove to guide the circumferential rotation of the telescopic excavation arm and prevent the telescopic excavation arm from falling out.

[0075] In other embodiments of the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine: Different from the first embodiment, a guide structure is no longer provided at the end of the telescopic excavation arm, and the telescopic excavation arm is now kept on the mounting seat only by the telescopic drive.

[0076] In other embodiments of the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine: Different from the first embodiment, wear-resistant plates may no longer be provided on the rear stopper and / or the front stopper, and the side surfaces of the telescopic excavation arm are in direct contact with the front stopper and the rear stopper.

[0077] In other embodiments of the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine: Different from the first embodiment, no matter whether the excavation direction of the rock breaking device is from back to front or circumferential rotation, the length of the rear stop body can be equal to the length of the front stop body.

[0078] In other embodiments of the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine: Different from the first embodiment, only the partial outer peripheral surface of the ring body of the mounting seat can be set as a cylindrical surface, as long as the rotation stroke of the telescopic excavation arm can be met.

[0079] In other embodiments of the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine: the special-section tunnel can also be a tunnel with a city gate shape or a rectangular cross-section, and the excavation of other special-section tunnels can be achieved by controlling the angle and extension of the rock breaking device.

[0080] An embodiment of the special-section tunnel boring machine in the present invention is as follows: the special-section tunnel boring machine includes a main machine and supporting equipment. The structure of the main machine is the same as any embodiment of the special-section tunnel boring machine main machine described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0081] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The patent protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the claims. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention should also be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A main machine for a special-section tunnel boring machine, comprising a cutterhead and a main beam extending forward and backward, on which is mounted an expansion device for expanding a circular-section tunnel excavated by the cutterhead to form a special-section tunnel, characterized in that: The excavation expansion device includes a mounting seat guided along the front-rear direction and installed on the main beam, the mounting seat is connected to a telescopic drive device for driving the mounting seat to move forward and backward, and a telescopic excavation arm extending forward and backward of the rotary axis is installed on the mounting seat through a rotary drive structure, the telescopic excavation arm is perpendicular to the main beam and a rock breaking device is connected to the end.

2. The main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting seat includes a ring body which is sleeved on the outside of the main beam, at least part of the outer circumferential surface of the ring body is a cylindrical surface, a front stopper is provided at the front end of the ring body, and a rear stopper is provided at the rear end, the end of the telescopic excavation arm is clamped between the front stopper and the rear stopper and is fitted with the cylindrical surface of the ring body through an arc surface, and a telescopic driver is connected between the telescopic excavation arm and the mounting seat for driving the telescopic excavation arm to rotate along the cylindrical surface of the ring body.

3. The main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The excavation direction of the rock breaking device is from back to front, and in a direction perpendicular to the front and rear directions, the length of the rear stopper is greater than the length of the front stopper.

4. The main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The rear stopper and / or the front stopper are provided with wear-resistant plates which are in contact with the side surfaces of the telescopic excavation arm.

5. The main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The end of the telescopic excavation arm is provided with a guide structure which cooperates with the rear stopper and / or the front stopper in the circumferential direction.

6. The main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The telescopic excavation arms are arranged in pairs and the two telescopic excavation arms in a pair are respectively located on the left and right sides of the main beam, the end of each telescopic excavation arm is connected with a rock breaking device, and a telescopic drive is connected between each telescopic excavation arm and the mounting seat, and one end of the two telescopic drives corresponding to a pair of telescopic excavation arms is hinged to the mounting seat through the same pin shaft.

7. The main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary drive structure includes a rotary bearing, which includes a fixed ring fixedly arranged relative to the mounting seat and a rotary ring that can rotate relative to the mounting seat and has a rotary axis extending forward and backward. A gear ring is arranged on the fixed ring or the rotary ring. The rotary drive structure also includes a rotary power source and a driving gear installed at the output end of the rotary power source. The driving gear is meshed with the gear ring, and the telescopic excavation arm is fixed on the rotary ring.

8. The main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 7, characterized in that: The telescopic drive device is located at the front side of the mounting seat, one end of the telescopic drive device is connected to the mounting seat, and the other end is connected to the main drive of the main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine.

9. The main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 7, characterized in that: The expansion device also includes a bottom expansion mechanism connected to the lower part of the mounting seat and used to expand the bottom of the tunnel. The bottom expansion mechanism includes a connecting arm connected to the mounting seat. The left and right ends of the connecting arm are respectively connected to telescopic arms that can be extended up and down, and the ends of the two telescopic arms are respectively connected to excavation rollers.

10. The main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The two excavation drums are arranged symmetrically on the left and right, and the cutting tools on the two excavation drums are arranged in a spiral shape to transport the excavated slag to the middle.

11. The main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine according to claim 10, characterized in that: The main machine of the special-section tunnel boring machine also includes a star wheel slag collecting mechanism connected to the lower part of the main beam. The star wheel slag collecting mechanism is located at the rear side of the two cutting drums to collect the slag transported to the middle by the two cutting drums.

12. A special-section tunnel boring machine, comprising a main machine and supporting equipment, characterized in that: The main machine is a special-section tunnel boring machine main machine as described in any one of claims 1 to 11.

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