A variable-diameter tunneling machine

Abstract

The application provides a variable-diameter tunneling machine, and belongs to the technical field of shield machines; the variable-diameter tunneling machine comprises a first shield body, a second shield body, a first propulsion system, a second propulsion system and a spiral conveyor; the first shield body comprises a first fixed block assembly and a bottom block, and the second shield body comprises a second fixed block assembly; when tunneling of a first diameter is performed, the bottom block and the first fixed block assembly are matched to form a complete first shield body, and the first shield body and the first propulsion system are matched to perform supporting and propelling work; when tunneling of a second diameter is performed, a drive oil cylinder drives the bottom block to displace to the second shield body, the bottom block and the second fixed block assembly are matched to form a complete second shield body, and the second shield body and the second propulsion system are matched to perform supporting and propelling work. The bottom block is displaced to the second shield body, so that the spiral conveyor can be displaced synchronously, and the defects in the prior art are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of shield machines and relates to a variable diameter tunnel boring machine. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the increasing number of urban subway and water diversion shield tunnels, subway station expansions have been implemented on top of shield tunnels. Station expansions typically involve manual or mechanical excavation, which consumes significant ground resources, disrupting normal urban traffic and, to a certain extent, hindering project construction progress. Consequently, demand for variable-diameter shield machines has increased. When using variable-diameter shield machines for tunnel construction, the variable-diameter shield machines often have complex structures and are difficult to operate. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on the technical defects currently existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a variable diameter tunnel boring machine, which aims to solve the problem that station excavation and main line tunnel construction excavation cannot be carried out continuously, and to a certain extent speed up the construction efficiency of the variable diameter tunnel.

[0004] The present invention provides a variable diameter tunnel boring machine, comprising a first shield body, a second shield body, a first propulsion system, a second propulsion system and a screw conveyor;

[0005] The first shield body includes a first fixed block assembly and a bottom block, the second shield body includes a second fixed block assembly, the bottom block is displaced by the driving of a driving cylinder, one end of the driving cylinder is connected to the pipe segment, and the other end of the driving cylinder is connected to the bottom block.

[0006] When excavating a tunnel of the first diameter, the bottom segment and the first fixed segment assembly cooperate with each other to form a complete first shield, and the first shield and the first propulsion system cooperate with each other to perform support and propulsion work;

[0007] When excavating a tunnel of the second diameter, the driving cylinder drives the bottom block to move to the second shield body. The bottom block cooperates with the second fixed block assembly to form a complete second shield body. The second shield body and the second propulsion system cooperate with each other to perform support and propulsion work.

[0008] The screw conveyor is used to transport slag; the bottom block of the first shield includes the interface part of the screw conveyor.

[0009] Furthermore, the first fixed block component is configured as a block structure, and the second fixed block component is configured as a block structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the first fixed block assembly includes a first left block, a first right block and a first top block; the first top block and the bottom block are symmetrically arranged along the center position of the first shield body; the first left block is provided with a plurality of pieces connected in sequence, and the plurality of first left blocks are connected in sequence to form a first left shield body portion, and the two sides of the first left shield body portion are respectively connected to the corresponding ends of the first top block and the bottom block; the first right block is provided with a plurality of pieces connected in sequence, and the plurality of first right blocks are connected in sequence to form a first right shield body portion, and the two sides of the first right shield body portion are respectively connected to the corresponding other ends of the first top block and the bottom block; the first top block, the bottom block, the first left shield body portion and the first right shield body portion are connected to each other to form a complete first shield body.

[0011] Furthermore, the first propulsion system includes a plurality of first propulsion cylinders spaced apart from each other along the inner side surface of the first shield body, one end of each of the plurality of first propulsion cylinders is connected to the pipe segment, and the other ends of the plurality of first propulsion cylinders are respectively connected to the first side block, the first top block and the bottom block.

[0012] Furthermore, the second fixed block assembly includes a second left portion block, a second right portion block and a second top portion block, the second left portion block is provided with a plurality of pieces connected in sequence, the plurality of second left portion blocks are connected in sequence to form a second left shield body portion, one side of the second left shield body portion is connected to one end of the second top portion block; the second right portion block is provided with a plurality of pieces connected in sequence, the plurality of second right portion blocks are connected in sequence to form a second right shield body portion, one side of the second right shield body portion is connected to the other end of the second top portion block; the second left shield body portion and the second right shield body portion are arranged opposite to each other away from one end of the second top portion block and are separated by a space for installing the bottom portion block.

[0013] Furthermore, the second propulsion system includes a plurality of second propulsion cylinders spaced apart from each other along the inner side surface of the second shield body, one end of each of the plurality of second propulsion cylinders is connected to the outer end surface of the first shield body, and the other end of each of the second propulsion cylinders is connected to the inner side surface of the second shield body.

[0014] Furthermore, a first adjusting oil cylinder and a second adjusting oil cylinder are respectively provided on the second left shield body portion and the second right shield body portion.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The present invention satisfies the first diameter excavation requirement by detachably installing a passable second shield on the first shield used for excavation of the first diameter, and by simultaneously shifting the bottom block of the first shield to the second shield to ensure the synchronous displacement of the screw conveyor. This effectively solves the deficiencies in the prior art (specifically, when a station in a subway section tunnel is expanded on the basis of a shield tunnel, manual labor / machinery other than the tunnel boring machine is required for expansion, resulting in the technical problem of occupying a large amount of ground resources, affecting normal urban traffic, and to a certain extent affecting the progress of project construction), while solving the problems in the prior art of complex structure and difficult diameter-changing operation of the variable-diameter tunnel boring machine.

[0017] In addition to the above-described objects, features and advantages, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a variable diameter tunnel boring machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure when the midsole block and the second shield are connected to each other;

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the large block in the middle and lower sides.

[0022] in:

[0023] 1. First shield body, 101. Bottom block, 2. Second shield body, 201. Second left shield body, 2011. First adjustment cylinder, 3. First propulsion system, 4. Second propulsion system, 5. Screw conveyor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more clear and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the drawings of the present invention are all simplified and non-precisely scaled, and are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the implementation of the present invention; the "numbers" mentioned in the present invention are not limited to the specific quantities in the examples in the accompanying drawings; the directions or positional relationships indicated by "front", "middle", "back", "left", "right", "up", "down", "top", "bottom", "middle", etc. mentioned in the present invention are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific direction, nor can they be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0025] Example:

[0026] See also Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the variable diameter tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention includes a first shield body 1, a second shield body 2, a first propulsion system 3, a second propulsion system 4, and a screw conveyor 5;

[0027] When excavating a tunnel of the first diameter, the first shield 1 and the first propulsion system 3 cooperate with each other to perform support and propulsion work;

[0028] When excavating a tunnel of the second diameter, the second shield 2 and the second propulsion system 4 cooperate with each other to perform support and propulsion work;

[0029] The screw conveyor 5 is used to transport the slag; the bottom block 101 of the first shield body 1 includes the interface part of the screw conveyor 5.

[0030] Preferably, other structures of the variable diameter tunnel boring machine are all existing technologies.

[0031] Furthermore, the first shield body 1 is configured as a block structure, specifically including a first left partial block, a first right partial block, a first top partial block and a bottom partial block 101; the first top partial block and the bottom partial block 101 are symmetrically arranged along the center position of the first shield body 1; the first left partial block is provided with a plurality of pieces connected in sequence, and the plurality of first left partial blocks are connected in sequence to form a first left shield body portion, and the two sides of the first left shield body portion are respectively connected to the corresponding ends of the first top partial block and the bottom partial block 101; the first right partial block is provided with a plurality of pieces connected in sequence, and the plurality of first right partial blocks are connected in sequence to form a first right shield body portion, and the two sides of the first right shield body portion are respectively connected to the corresponding other ends of the first top partial block and the bottom partial block 101; the first top partial block, the bottom block 101, the first left shield body portion and the first right shield body portion are connected to each other to form a complete first shield body 1.

[0032] The first propulsion system 3 includes a plurality of first propulsion cylinders spaced apart from each other along the inner side surface of the first shield body 1, one end of each of the plurality of first propulsion cylinders is connected to the pipe segment, and the other ends of the plurality of first propulsion cylinders are respectively connected to the first side block, the first top block and the bottom block 101, so as to propel the first shield body 1 forward to achieve excavation of the first shield body 1.

[0033] Furthermore, the second shield body 2 is configured as a block structure, specifically including a second left partial block, a second right partial block and a second top partial block, the second left partial block is provided with a plurality of pieces connected in sequence, and the plurality of second left partial blocks are connected in sequence to form a second left shield body portion 201, and one side of the second left shield body portion 201 is connected to one end of the second top partial block; the second right partial block is provided with a plurality of pieces connected in sequence, and the plurality of second right partial blocks are connected in sequence to form a second right shield body portion, and one side of the second right shield body portion is connected to the other end of the second top partial block; the second left shield body portion 201 and the second right shield body portion are arranged opposite to each other away from one end of the second top partial block and are separated by a space for installing the bottom partial block 101.

[0034] The second propulsion system 4 includes a plurality of second propulsion cylinders spaced apart from each other along the inner side surface of the second shield body 2, one end of each of the plurality of second propulsion cylinders is connected to the outer end surface of the first shield body 1, and the other end of each of the second propulsion cylinders is connected to the inner side surface of the second shield body 2, for stacking the second shield body 2 for propulsion, so as to achieve excavation of the second shield body 2.

[0035] Furthermore, the variable diameter tunnel boring machine also includes a driving cylinder for driving the bottom block 101 to move, one end of the driving cylinder is connected to the pipe segment, and the other end of the driving cylinder is connected to the bottom block 101, and is used to drive the bottom block 101 to move to the second shield body 2 or retract to the first shield body 1.

[0036] Furthermore, a first adjustment cylinder 2011 and a second adjustment cylinder are respectively provided on the second left shield body 201 and the second right shield body, so as to fine-tune the positions of the second left shield body 201 and the second right shield body.

[0037] Preferably, the first adjustment cylinder 2011 and the second adjustment cylinder can also be used to respectively open the second left shield body 201 and the second right shield body in a direction of separation by a certain angle (preferably set to 5°-10°) so that the bottom block 101 can be smoothly inserted between the second left shield body 201 and the second right shield body. Specifically, when the bottom block 101 needs to extend to the second shield body 2, the first adjustment cylinder 2011 and the second adjustment cylinder respectively drive the second left shield body 201 and the second right shield body to open a certain angle (preferably set to 5°-10°) in a direction of separation. The bottom block 101 is then driven by the driving cylinders to move to the second shield body 2, and the first adjustment cylinder 2011 and the second adjustment cylinder then drive the second left shield body 201 and the second right shield body to return to their original position.

[0038] When the first shield body 1 is used for excavation, the driving cylinder is in a retracted state, and the bottom block 101 is connected to the first top block, the first left shield body portion, and the first right shield body portion to form a complete first shield body 1; and at this time, the second shield body 1 is in a disassembled state (i.e., the second shield body 2 and the second propulsion system 4 have not yet been installed);

[0039] When it is necessary to convert the first shield body 1 into the second shield body 2, the plurality of second left side blocks, the plurality of second right side blocks, the second top block, and the plurality of second propulsion cylinders are transported to the corresponding installation positions; the second shield body 2 and the second propulsion system 4 are installed respectively; the driving cylinder is then activated to push the bottom block 101 to the corresponding position of the second shield body 2, and the bottom block 101 and the second shield body 2 are connected to each other to form a complete shield structure of the second shield body 2, thus completing the operation of converting the variable diameter tunnel boring machine from a small diameter to a large diameter.

[0040] When it is necessary to convert from the second shield body 2 to the first shield body 1, the second shield body 2 and the second propulsion system 4 are removed respectively, and then the driving cylinder is started to retract the bottom block 101 to the first shield body 1 to complete the operation of converting the variable diameter tunnel boring machine from a large diameter to a small diameter.

[0041] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable diameter tunnel boring machine, characterized in that: It comprises a first shield body (1), a second shield body (2), a first propulsion system (3), a second propulsion system (4) and a screw conveyor (5); The first shield body (1) comprises a first fixed block assembly and a bottom block (101); the second shield body (2) comprises a second fixed block assembly; the bottom block (101) is displaced by driving a driving cylinder; one end of the driving cylinder is connected to the pipe segment, and the other end of the driving cylinder is connected to the bottom block (101); When excavating a tunnel of the first diameter, the bottom block (101) and the first fixed block assembly cooperate with each other to form a complete first shield (1), and the first shield (1) and the first propulsion system (3) cooperate with each other to perform support and propulsion work; When excavating a tunnel of the second diameter, the driving cylinder drives the bottom block (101) to move to the second shield body (2), the bottom block (101) and the second fixed block assembly cooperate with each other to form a complete second shield body (2), and the second shield body (2) and the second propulsion system (4) cooperate with each other to perform support and propulsion work; The screw conveyor (5) is used to convey slag; the bottom block (101) of the first shield (1) includes an interface portion of the screw conveyor (5).

2. The variable diameter tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fixed block component is configured as a block structure, and the second fixed block component is configured as a block structure.

3. The variable diameter tunnel boring machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first fixed block assembly comprises a first left side block, a first right side block and a first top block; the first top block and the bottom block (101) are symmetrically arranged along the center position of the first shield body (1); the first left side block is provided with a plurality of pieces connected in sequence, the plurality of first left side blocks are connected in sequence to form a first left shield body portion, and the two sides of the first left shield body portion are respectively connected to one end of the first top block and the bottom block (101) corresponding to each other; the first right side block is provided with a plurality of pieces connected in sequence, the plurality of first right side blocks are connected in sequence to form a first right shield body portion, and the two sides of the first right shield body portion are respectively connected to the other end of the first top block and the bottom block (101) corresponding to each other; the first top block, the bottom block (101), the first left shield body portion and the first right shield body portion are connected to each other to form a complete first shield body (1).

4. The variable diameter tunnel boring machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first propulsion system (3) comprises a plurality of first propulsion cylinders spaced apart from each other along the inner side surface of the first shield body (1), one end of each of the plurality of first propulsion cylinders being connected to the pipe segment, and the other ends of the plurality of first propulsion cylinders being respectively connected to the first side block, the first top block and the bottom block (101).

5. The variable diameter tunnel boring machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second fixed block assembly comprises a second left side block, a second right side block and a second top block, the second left side block is provided with a plurality of pieces connected in sequence, the plurality of second left side blocks are connected in sequence to form a second left shield body (201), one side of the second left shield body (201) is connected to one end of the second top block; the second right side block is provided with a plurality of pieces connected in sequence, the plurality of second right side blocks are connected in sequence to form a second right shield body, one side of the second right shield body is connected to the other end of the second top block; the second left shield body (201) and the second right shield body are arranged opposite to one end of the second top block and are spaced apart from each other by a space for mounting the bottom block (101).

6. The variable diameter tunnel boring machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second propulsion system (4) comprises a plurality of second propulsion cylinders spaced apart from each other along the inner side surface of the second shield body (2), one end of each of the plurality of second propulsion cylinders being connected to the outer end surface of the first shield body (1), and the other end of each of the second propulsion cylinders being connected to the inner side surface of the second shield body (2).

7. The variable diameter tunnel boring machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first adjustment oil cylinder (2011) and a second adjustment oil cylinder are respectively provided on the second left shield body portion (201) and the second right shield body portion.

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