Tunnel support structure

Abstract

The tunnel support structure comprises a tunnel top wall, a tunnel left side wall and a tunnel right side wall which are of a concrete structure, the geology of the area where a tunnel is located is soil, a top wall part waterproof steel plate is poured on the upper surface of the tunnel top wall, and a top wall part decoration panel is poured on the lower surface of the tunnel top wall; a left side wall waterproof steel plate is poured on the left surface of the tunnel left side wall, a left side wall decoration panel is poured on the right surface of the tunnel left side wall, a right side wall waterproof steel plate is poured on the right surface of the tunnel right side wall, and a right side wall decoration panel is poured on the left surface of the tunnel right side wall. The tunnel support construction process comprises the steps that A, a tunnel is built to be hollow, specifically, an inner hole with the set length is dug in the area where the tunnel is built, the inner hole is located in the design position of the outer contour of the tunnel support, and the distance between the circumferential face of the inner hole and the design position of the outer contour of the tunnel support is more than half of the thickness of the tunnel support; the anti-seepage structure has the advantage of being good in anti-seepage effect, and solves the problem that a tunnel is prone to seepage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a tunnel support structure. Background Art

[0002] In the process of road traffic construction, it is often necessary to build tunnels. There are several methods of tunnel construction: Full-section excavation method: The full-section excavation method is a construction method that blasts the surface once according to the designed outline and then builds the lining. Step method construction: the step method is to first excavate the upper section, and then excavate the lower section at the same time after excavating to a certain length. The upper and lower sections are excavated simultaneously. Circular excavation and core soil retention method; The middle partition wall method is a construction method in which one side of the tunnel is excavated first, and the middle partition wall is constructed in a large-span tunnel with weak surrounding rock, and then the other side is excavated. It is mainly used in double-line tunnels with Grade IV surrounding rock and deep buried hard rock sections and old loess tunnel sections. The cross-partition wall method is to first excavate one or two parts on one side of the tunnel in a large-span tunnel with soft surrounding rock, construct partial partition walls and cross diaphragms, and then excavate one or two parts on the other side of the tunnel.

[0003] The full-face excavation method is to dig an inner hole of the required size in the area where the tunnel is to be built, and build a tunnel support (i.e. the tunnel wall) in the inner hole to support it to prevent the tunnel from collapsing. When the geology of the area where the tunnel is located is soil, it is easy to cause seepage and leakage. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a tunnel support structure with good anti-leakage effect, which solves the problem that the tunnel is prone to seepage.

[0005] The above technical problems are solved by the following technical solutions: a tunnel support structure, comprising a tunnel top wall of concrete structure, a tunnel left side wall of concrete structure with an upper end cast at the left end of the tunnel top wall, and a tunnel right side wall of concrete structure with an upper end cast at the right end of the tunnel top wall, characterized in that the geology of the area where the tunnel is located is soil, the upper surface of the tunnel top wall is cast with a top wall waterproof steel plate, and the lower surface is cast with a top wall decorative panel, the left surface of the left side wall of the tunnel is cast with a left side wall waterproof steel plate, and the right surface is cast with a left side wall decorative panel, the tunnel The right surface of the right side wall of the tunnel is cast with a right side wall waterproof steel plate, and the left surface is cast with a right side wall decorative panel; the process of constructing the tunnel support is as follows: A. Construction of tunnel interior space: dig an inner hole of a set length in the area of ​​the tunnel under construction, the inner hole is located inside the design position of the outer contour of the tunnel support, and the distance between the circumference of the inner hole and the design position of the outer contour of the tunnel support is more than half of the thickness of the tunnel support; B. Construction of the tunnel support waterproof layer: place the top wall waterproof steel plate flat on the top wall of the inner hole, the left side wall waterproof steel plate flat on the left side wall of the inner hole and the right side wall waterproof steel plate flat on On the right side wall of the tunnel, the top wall waterproof steel plate is squeezed upward by the squeezing mechanism so that the soil on the top wall of the inner hole is compressed to the designed position of the outer contour of the tunnel support, the left side wall waterproof steel plate is squeezed to the left so that the soil on the left side wall of the inner hole is compressed to the designed position of the outer contour of the tunnel support, and the right side wall waterproof steel plate is squeezed to the right so that the soil on the right side wall of the inner hole is compressed to the designed position of the outer contour of the tunnel support; C. Building concrete layer and installing decorative panels: The left template is supported by the squeezing mechanism and the left side wall decorative panel is supported on the left side of the left template so that the left side wall decorative panel and the left side wall The left side wall cavity of the tunnel is formed between the waterproof steel plates, the right template is supported and the right side wall decorative panel is supported on the right side of the right template, so that the right side wall cavity of the tunnel is formed between the right side wall decorative panel and the right side wall waterproof steel plate, and the upper template is supported and the top wall decorative panel is supported on the upper side of the upper template, so that the top wall cavity of the tunnel is formed between the top wall decorative panel and the top wall waterproof steel plate, and the concrete is poured into the left side wall cavity of the tunnel to solidify into the left side wall of the tunnel, poured into the right side wall cavity of the tunnel to solidify into the right side wall of the tunnel, and poured into the top wall cavity of the tunnel to solidify into the top wall of the tunnel. The soil outside the tunnel support is compacted, which can effectively prevent water from leaking into the tunnel. The steel plate is used as a water-retaining layer, which can not only block water, but also can be used as a tool for compacting the hole wall, and the compaction and installation of the waterproof layer are in place in one step; the decorative panel is poured together with the tunnel support, which not only does not need to be drilled and installed to reduce the strength of the tunnel support, but also has a firm and reliable connection, and can also serve as a demoulding layer for mold demoulding, so that there is no need to pad plastic film or apply demoulding agent for demoulding during pouring.

[0006] Preferably, the top wall waterproof steel plate has a top wall anti-corrosion layer on its upper surface, the left side wall waterproof steel plate has a left side wall anti-corrosion layer on its left surface, and the right side wall waterproof steel plate has a right side wall anti-corrosion layer on its right surface; the top wall anti-corrosion layer is first prefabricated on the top wall waterproof steel plate and then the top wall waterproof steel plate is installed, the left side wall anti-corrosion layer is first prefabricated on the left side wall waterproof steel plate and then the left side wall waterproof steel plate is installed, and the right side wall anti-corrosion layer is first prefabricated on the right side wall waterproof steel plate and then the right side wall waterproof steel plate is installed. This can effectively prevent the waterproof steel plate from being damaged by rust, thereby extending its service life.

[0007] Preferably, the top wall anti-corrosion layer, the left wall anti-corrosion layer and the right wall anti-corrosion layer are all made of non-degradable plastic structures, which have a long service life.

[0008] Preferably, the upper end of the left wall waterproof steel plate abuts against the lower surface of the top wall waterproof steel plate, and the upper end of the right wall waterproof steel plate abuts against the lower surface of the top wall waterproof steel plate, which can improve the anti-seepage effect.

[0009] Preferably, the top wall waterproof steel plate includes a middle section, a left section and a right section; the right side wall waterproof steel plate is provided with a right side wall supporting ear with a right side wall bolt hole for supporting the right side section, the left end of the right side section is provided with a right side section connecting ear with a right side section bolt hole, the right end of the middle section is provided with a right external threaded hole and a right internal threaded hole, and the right end of the right side section is provided with a right side section threaded hole; when the left end face of the right side section is abutted against the right end face of the middle section, the right side section is fixed to the middle section by the right side section connecting bolt passing through the right side section bolt hole and then being threadedly connected in the right external threaded hole, and the right end of the right side section is extended to the right The right side wall waterproof steel plate is provided; the left side wall waterproof steel plate is provided with a left side wall support ear with a left side wall bolt hole for supporting the left section, the left end of the left section is provided with a left section connecting ear with a left section bolt hole, the left end of the middle section is provided with a left external threaded hole and a left internal threaded hole, and the left end of the left section is provided with a left section threaded hole; when the right end face of the left section is abutted against the left end face of the middle section, the left section is fixed with the middle section by the left section connecting bolt passing through the left section bolt hole and then being threadedly connected in the left external threaded hole, and the left end of the left section extends to the left beyond the left side wall waterproof steel plate; B includes: B1. The left section connecting bolt is passed through the bolt hole of the left wall and then threadedly connected to the threaded hole of the left section to fix the left section with the left wall support ear. The right section connecting bolt is passed through the bolt hole of the right wall and then threadedly connected to the threaded hole of the right section to fix the right section with the right wall support ear. B2. The middle section lying flat on the top wall of the inner hole, the left wall waterproof steel plate lying flat on the left side wall of the inner hole and the telescopic right wall waterproof steel plate lying flat on the right side wall of the inner hole are pressed by the extrusion mechanism. At this time, the left section and the right section are overlapped on the lower surface of the middle section. B3. The left wall waterproof steel plate is squeezed leftward by the extrusion mechanism so that the soil of the left side wall of the inner hole is compressed to the tunnel support ear. The outer contour design position of the tunnel support and the right side wall waterproof steel plate are squeezed to the right so that the soil on the right side wall of the inner hole is compressed to the outer contour design position of the tunnel support. At this time, the bolt hole of the left section is aligned with the left internal thread hole, and the bolt hole of the right section is aligned with the right internal thread hole. The left section connecting bolt is removed, and the left section connecting bolt is passed through the left section bolt hole and then threaded into the left internal thread hole to fix the left section and the middle section together. The right section connecting bolt is removed, and the right section connecting bolt is passed through the right section bolt hole and then threaded into the right internal thread hole to fix the right section and the middle section together; B4, the top wall waterproof steel plate is squeezed upward by the extrusion mechanism so that the soil on the top wall of the inner hole is compressed to the outer contour design position of the tunnel support;B5. Remove the connecting bolts of the left section and the right section, squeeze the left section to the left until the right end of the left section is aligned with the left end of the middle section, and squeeze the left section to the right until the left end of the right section is aligned with the right end of the middle section. At this time, the bolt holes of the left section are aligned with the left external threaded holes, and the bolt holes of the right section are aligned with the right external threaded holes. Squeeze the left section upward until the connecting ear of the left section abuts against the lower surface of the middle section, and squeeze the right section upward until the connecting ear of the right section abuts against the lower surface of the middle section. At this time, a left upper groove extending along the extension direction of the tunnel is formed on the left side of the outer contour design position of the tunnel support, and a groove along the tunnel extension direction is formed on the right side of the outer contour design position of the tunnel support. The left section connecting bolt is passed through the bolt hole of the left section and then threaded into the left external threaded hole to fix the left section with the middle section, and the right section connecting bolt is passed through the bolt hole of the right section and then threaded into the right external threaded hole to fix the right section with the middle section; B6, the left side wall waterproof steel plate is lifted up by the extrusion mechanism until the upper end of the left side wall waterproof steel plate abuts against the lower surface of the left section, and the right side wall waterproof steel plate is lifted up until the upper end of the right side wall waterproof steel plate abuts against the lower surface of the right section; B7, the left side wall waterproof steel plate is fixed and the right side wall waterproof steel plate is fixed. ;

[0010] Preferably, the upper surface of the connecting ear of the left section is flush with the lower surface of the left section, and the upper surface of the connecting ear of the right section is flush with the lower surface of the right section.

[0011] Preferably, a left upper concrete water retaining strip extending along the tunnel extension direction is cast at the connection between the left wall waterproof steel plate and the top wall waterproof steel plate, and the left upper concrete water retaining strip is cast on the left surface of the left wall waterproof steel plate and the lower surface of the left section; a right upper concrete water retaining strip extending along the tunnel extension direction is cast at the connection between the right wall waterproof steel plate and the top wall waterproof steel plate, and the right upper concrete water retaining strip is cast on the right surface of the right wall waterproof steel plate and the lower surface of the right section; in step B5, concrete is cast into the left upper groove to form the left upper concrete water retaining strip, and concrete is cast into the left upper groove to form the right upper concrete water retaining strip. The waterproof effect can be improved.

[0012] Preferably, the left side wall of the tunnel comprises a lower left section and an upper left section cast together, and a plurality of left supporting steel bar heads are cast in the upper left section, with the lower end supported on the lower left section and the upper end supported on the lower surface of the left section; the right side wall of the tunnel comprises a lower right section and an upper right section cast together, and a plurality of right supporting steel bar heads are cast in the upper right section, with the lower end supported on the lower right section and the upper end supported on the lower surface of the right section; step C comprises the following steps: C1, supporting the left formwork by the extrusion mechanism and supporting the left side wall decorative panel on the left side of the left formwork so that a tunnel left side wall cavity is formed between the left side wall decorative panel and the left side wall waterproof steel plate, supporting the right formwork and supporting the right side wall decorative panel on the right side of the right formwork so that a tunnel right side wall cavity is formed between the right side wall decorative panel and the right side wall waterproof steel plate, the upper end of the left formwork is lower than the upper end of the left side wall decorative panel, and the upper end of the right formwork is lower than the upper end of the right side wall decorative panel; C2, pouring concrete into the left side wall cavity of the tunnel C3, using a plurality of left supporting steel bar heads to support the upper end surface of the lower left section to support the left section, using a plurality of left supporting steel bar heads to support the upper end surface of the lower right section to support the right section, so that the extrusion mechanism loses the pressing operation on the waterproof steel plate of the top wall; C4, supporting the upper formwork through the pressure structure and supporting the top wall decorative panel on the upper side of the upper formwork so that a tunnel top wall cavity is formed between the top wall decorative panel and the top wall waterproof steel plate, pouring concrete into the remaining part of the tunnel left wall cavity to solidify to form the upper left section, pouring concrete into the remaining part of the tunnel right wall cavity to solidify to form the upper right section, and pouring concrete into the tunnel top wall cavity to solidify into the tunnel top wall.

[0013] As an option, the tunnel bottom wall of the concrete structure is also included, the bottom wall of the inner hole is provided with a left groove and a right groove extending in the tunnel extension direction; the left groove is provided with a left lower concrete strip extending in the left groove extension direction to support the left side wall waterproof steel plate in the left groove, the lower end of the left side wall of the tunnel and the lower end of the left side wall decorative panel are both supported in the left groove, and the left end of the tunnel bottom wall is cast together with the left side wall decorative panel; the right groove is provided with a right lower concrete strip extending in the right groove extension direction to support the right side wall waterproof steel plate in the right groove, the lower end of the right side wall of the tunnel and the lower end of the right side wall decorative panel are both normally in the right groove, and the right end of the tunnel bottom wall is cast together with the right side wall decorative panel. The waterproof and anti-leakage effect can be improved.

[0014] Preferably, a left flange extending to the bottom surface of the left groove is provided on the lower surface of the left end of the tunnel bottom wall, the left flange is cast together with the left side wall decorative panel, and the left flange is integrally formed with the bottom wall; a right flange extending to the bottom surface of the right groove is provided on the lower surface of the right end of the tunnel bottom wall, the right flange is cast together with the right side wall decorative panel, and the right flange is integrally formed with the bottom wall. This can improve the waterproof and anti-leakage effect.

[0015] The invention has the following advantages: good anti-penetration effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic end view of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point A; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the waterproof steel plate just installed in the inner hole; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point B; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the left wall protection steel plate and the right wall waterproof steel plate being installed in place horizontally; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point C; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the middle section moving up to its proper position; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A local enlarged schematic diagram of D; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the top wall protective steel plate being installed in place; Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A local enlarged schematic diagram of E; Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram when the left wall protective steel plate and the right wall waterproof steel plate are also installed in place; Fig.12 for Fig.11 A local enlarged schematic diagram of F; Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the lower left and lower right sections after pouring; Fig.14 for Fig.13 A local enlarged schematic diagram of G; Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of the tunnel support structure after it has been cast but the formwork has not been removed; Fig.16 for Fig.15 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point H.

[0017] In the figure: tunnel top wall 1, tunnel left side wall 2, tunnel right side wall 3, tunnel bottom wall 4, tunnel area 5, top wall waterproof steel plate 6, top wall decorative panel 7, top wall anti-corrosion layer 8, middle section 9, left section 10, right section 11, left section bolt hole 12, left section connecting ear 13, left external threaded hole 14, left internal threaded hole 15, left section threaded hole 16, left section connecting bolt 17, left wall waterproof steel plate 18, left wall decorative panel 19, right wall waterproof steel plate 20, right wall decorative panel 21, left wall anti-corrosion layer 22, right wall anti-corrosion layer 23, left Wall bolt hole 26, left wall supporting ear 27, left groove 28, right groove 29, lower left concrete strip 30, lower right concrete strip 31, left flange 32, right flange 33, upper left concrete water retaining strip 34, upper right concrete water retaining strip 35, lower left section 36, upper left section 37, left supporting steel bar head 38, lower right section 39, upper right section 40, right supporting steel bar head 41, inner hole 42, tunnel support outer contour 43, left formwork 44, right formwork 45, upper formwork 46, movable support platform 47, through lifting cylinder 48, middle frame 49, lifting cylinder 50, right extrusion cylinder 51 and left extrusion cylinder 52. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] See also Figures 1 to 16A tunnel support structure comprises a tunnel top wall 1 of concrete structure, a tunnel left side wall 2 of concrete structure with the upper end cast on the left end of the tunnel top wall, a tunnel right side wall 3 of concrete structure with the upper end cast on the right end of the tunnel top wall, and a tunnel bottom wall 4 of concrete structure. The geology of the area 5 where the tunnel is located is soil. A top wall waterproof steel plate 6 is cast on the upper surface of the tunnel top wall, and a top wall decorative panel 7 is cast on the lower surface. A top wall anti-corrosion layer 8 is provided on the upper surface of the top wall waterproof steel plate. The top wall anti-corrosion layer is a non-degradable plastic structure. The top wall waterproof steel plate comprises a middle section 9, a left section 10 and a right section 11. The left end of the right section is provided with a right section connecting ear with a right section bolt hole, the right end of the middle section is provided with a right external threaded hole and a right internal threaded hole, and the right end of the right section is provided with a right section threaded hole. When the left end face of the right section is butted against the right end face of the middle section, the right section is fixed to the middle section by the right section connecting bolt passing through the right section bolt hole and then being threaded into the right external threaded hole, and the right end of the right section is rightwardly protruding beyond the right wall waterproof steel plate. The structure of the left section, i.e., the connection method, is the same as that of the right section, i.e.: the left end of the left section is provided with a left section connecting ear 13 with a left section bolt hole 12, the left end of the middle section is provided with a left external threaded hole 14 and a left internal threaded hole 15, and the left end of the left section is provided with a left section threaded hole 16; when the right end face of the left section is butted against the left end face of the middle section, the left section is fixed to the middle section by the left section connecting bolt 17 passing through the left section bolt hole and then being threaded into the left external threaded hole, and the left end of the left section is leftwardly protruding beyond the left wall waterproof steel plate. The left surface of the left side wall of the tunnel is cast with a left side wall waterproof steel plate 18, and the right surface is cast with a left side wall decorative panel 19. The right surface of the right side wall of the tunnel is cast with a right side wall waterproof steel plate 20, and the left surface is cast with a right side wall decorative panel 21. The left surface of the left side wall waterproof steel plate is provided with a left side wall anti-corrosion layer 22, and the right surface of the right side wall waterproof steel plate is provided with a right side wall anti-corrosion layer 23; the top wall anti-corrosion layer is first prefabricated on the top wall waterproof steel plate and then installed on the top wall waterproof steel plate, the left side wall anti-corrosion layer is first prefabricated on the left side wall waterproof steel plate and then installed on the left side wall waterproof steel plate, and the right side wall anti-corrosion layer is first prefabricated on the right side wall waterproof steel plate and then installed on the right side wall waterproof steel plate. The left side wall anti-corrosion layer and the right side wall anti-corrosion layer are both non-degradable plastic structures. The upper end of the left side wall waterproof steel plate abuts on the lower surface of the top wall waterproof steel plate, and the upper end of the right side wall waterproof steel plate abuts on the lower surface of the top wall waterproof steel plate. The right side wall waterproof steel plate is provided with a right side wall support ear for supporting the right side section with a right side wall bolt hole. The left side wall waterproof steel plate is provided with a left side wall support ear 27 for supporting the left side section with a left side wall bolt hole 26. The upper surface of the left side section connecting ear is flush with the lower surface of the left side section, and the upper surface of the right side section connecting ear is flush with the lower surface of the right side section.The bottom wall of the inner hole is provided with a left groove 28 and a right groove 29 extending in the direction of the tunnel extension; the left groove is provided with a left lower concrete strip 30 extending in the direction of the left groove to support the left side wall waterproof steel plate in the left groove, so that the left side wall waterproof steel plate is fixed. The lower end of the left side wall of the tunnel and the lower end of the left side wall decorative panel are both supported in the left groove, and the left end of the bottom wall of the tunnel is cast together with the left side wall decorative panel; the right groove is provided with a right lower concrete strip 31 extending in the direction of the right groove to support the right side wall waterproof steel plate in the right groove, so that the right side wall waterproof steel plate is fixed. The lower end of the right side wall of the tunnel and the lower end of the right side wall decorative panel are normally in the right groove, and the right end of the bottom wall of the tunnel is cast together with the right side wall decorative panel. A left flange 32 extending to the bottom surface of the left groove is provided on the lower surface of the left end of the tunnel bottom wall. The left flange is cast together with the left wall decorative panel, and the left flange is integrally formed with the bottom wall. A right flange 33 extending to the bottom surface of the right groove is provided on the lower surface of the right end of the tunnel bottom wall. The right flange is cast together with the right wall decorative panel, and the right flange is integrally formed with the bottom wall. A left upper concrete water retaining strip 34 extending along the tunnel extension direction is cast at the connection between the left wall waterproof steel plate and the top wall waterproof steel plate. The left upper concrete water retaining strip is cast on the left surface of the left wall waterproof steel plate and the lower surface of the left section. A right upper concrete water retaining strip 35 extending along the tunnel extension direction is cast at the connection between the right wall waterproof steel plate and the top wall waterproof steel plate. The right upper concrete water retaining strip is cast on the right surface of the right wall waterproof steel plate and the lower surface of the right section. The left side wall of the tunnel includes a lower left section 36 and an upper left section 37 cast together, and a plurality of left supporting steel bar heads 38 are cast in the upper left section, with the lower end supported on the lower left section and the upper end supported on the lower surface of the left section; the right side wall of the tunnel includes a lower right section 39 and an upper right section 40 cast together, and a plurality of right supporting steel bar heads 41 are cast in the upper right section, with the lower end supported on the lower right section and the upper end supported on the lower surface of the right section.

[0020] The process of constructing tunnel supports is as follows: A. Construction of tunnel interior: dig an inner hole 42 of a set length in the area of ​​the tunnel under construction. The inner hole is located inside the designed position of the tunnel support outer contour 43. The distance between the circumference of the inner hole and the designed position of the tunnel support outer contour is more than half of the thickness of the tunnel support; B. Construction of waterproof layer of tunnel support: specifically including: B1. Pass the left section connecting bolt through the bolt hole of the left wall and then thread it into the threaded hole of the left section to fix the left section with the left wall support ear together; pass the right section connecting bolt through the bolt hole of the right wall and then thread it into the threaded hole of the right section to fix the right section with the right wall support ear together; B2. Press the middle section lying flat on the top wall of the inner hole, press the left wall waterproof steel plate lying flat on the left wall of the inner hole, and press the telescopic right wall waterproof steel plate lying flat on the right wall of the inner hole through the extrusion mechanism. At this time, the left section and the right section are overlapped on the lower surface of the middle section; B3. Press the middle section towards the top wall of the inner hole through the extrusion mechanism. The left side wall waterproof steel plate is squeezed to the left so that the soil on the left side wall of the inner hole is compressed to the designed position of the outer contour of the tunnel support, and the right side wall waterproof steel plate is squeezed to the right so that the soil on the right side wall of the inner hole is compressed to the designed position of the outer contour of the tunnel support. At this time, the bolt hole of the left section is aligned with the left internal thread hole, and the bolt hole of the right section is aligned with the right internal thread hole. The left section connecting bolt is removed, and the left section connecting bolt is passed through the bolt hole of the left section and then threadedly connected to the left internal thread hole to fix the left section and the middle section together. The right section connecting bolt is removed, and the right section connecting bolt is passed through the bolt hole of the right section and then threadedly connected to the right internal thread hole to fix the right section and the middle section together; B4, through the extrusion mechanism towards Extrude the waterproof steel plate on the top wall so that the soil on the top wall of the inner hole is compressed to the designed position of the outer contour of the tunnel support; B5. Remove the connecting bolts of the left section and the right section, extrude the left section to the left until the right end of the left section is aligned with the left end of the middle section and extrude the left section to the right until the left end of the right section is aligned with the right end of the middle section. At this time, the bolt holes of the left section are aligned with the left external threaded holes, and the bolt holes of the right section are aligned with the right external threaded holes. Extrude the left section upward until the connecting ear of the left section abuts against the lower surface of the middle section and extrude the right section upward until the connecting ear of the right section abuts against the lower surface of the middle section. At this time, the upper left groove and tunnel extending along the extension direction of the tunnel are formed on the outside of the left side of the designed position of the outer contour of the tunnel support. The right upper groove extending along the extension direction of the tunnel on the right side of the outer contour design position of the road support, the left section connecting bolt is passed through the left section bolt hole and then threaded into the left external threaded hole to fix the left section with the middle section, and the right section connecting bolt is passed through the right section bolt hole and then threaded into the right external threaded hole to fix the right section with the middle section; B6, lift the left side wall waterproof steel plate through the extrusion mechanism until the upper end of the left side wall waterproof steel plate abuts on the lower surface of the left section, and lift the right side wall waterproof steel plate until the upper end of the right side wall waterproof steel plate abuts on the lower surface of the right section; B7, fix the left side wall waterproof steel plate and the right side wall waterproof steel plate. In step B5, concrete is poured into the upper left groove to form the upper left concrete water retaining, and concrete is poured into the upper left groove to form the upper right concrete water retaining.

[0021] C. Building concrete layer and installing decorative panels; specifically including: C1. Supporting the left template 44 by an extrusion mechanism and supporting the left side wall decorative panel on the left side of the left template so that a tunnel left side wall cavity is formed between the left side wall decorative panel and the left side wall waterproof steel plate; supporting the right template 45 and supporting the right side wall decorative panel on the right side of the right template so that a tunnel right side wall cavity is formed between the right side wall decorative panel and the right side wall waterproof steel plate, the upper end of the left template is lower than the upper end of the left side wall decorative panel, and the upper end of the right template is lower than the upper end of the right side wall decorative panel; C2. Pouring concrete into the tunnel left side wall cavity, the upper end of the concrete in the tunnel left side wall cavity is below the upper end of the left template, the concrete in the tunnel left side wall cavity solidifies to form a left lower section, and pouring concrete into the tunnel right side wall cavity , the upper end of the concrete in the cavity of the right side wall of the tunnel is below the upper end of the right template, and the concrete in the cavity of the right side wall of the tunnel solidifies to form the lower right section; C3, use a number of left supporting steel bar heads to support the upper end surface of the lower left section to support the left section, and use a number of left supporting steel bar heads to support the upper end surface of the lower right section to support the right section, so that the extrusion mechanism loses the pressing operation on the top wall waterproof steel plate; C4, the upper template 46 is supported by the pressure structure and the top wall decorative panel is supported on the upper side of the upper template so that a tunnel top wall cavity is formed between the top wall decorative panel and the top wall waterproof steel plate, and concrete is poured into the remaining part of the tunnel left side wall cavity to solidify to form the upper left section, and concrete is poured into the remaining part of the tunnel right side wall cavity to solidify to form the upper right section, and concrete is poured into the tunnel top wall cavity to solidify into the tunnel top wall.

[0022] D. Remove the extrusion mechanism.

[0023] E. Casting tunnel bottom wall: Concrete of set thickness is poured on the bottom wall of the inner hole and solidified.

[0024] The pressurizing mechanism includes a movable support platform 47, a middle frame 49 supported on the movable support platform by a lifting cylinder 48, a lifting cylinder 50 connected to the movable support platform, a right extrusion cylinder 51 connected to the right side of the middle frame and extending toward the right, and a left extrusion cylinder 52 connected to the left side of the middle frame and extending toward the left.

Claims

1. A tunnel support structure, comprising a tunnel top wall of a concrete structure, a tunnel left side wall of a concrete structure cast at the left end of the tunnel top wall, and a tunnel right side wall of a concrete structure cast at the right end of the tunnel top wall, characterized in that: The geology of the area where the tunnel is located is soil. The upper surface of the tunnel top wall is cast with a top wall waterproof steel plate, and the lower surface is cast with a top wall decorative panel. The left surface of the left side wall of the tunnel is cast with a left side wall waterproof steel plate, and the right surface is cast with a left side wall decorative panel. The right surface of the right side wall of the tunnel is cast with a right side wall waterproof steel plate, and the left surface is cast with a right side wall decorative panel.

2. A tunnel support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the top wall waterproof steel plate is provided with a top wall anti-corrosion layer, the left surface of the left wall waterproof steel plate is provided with a left wall anti-corrosion layer, and the right surface of the right wall waterproof steel plate is provided with a right wall anti-corrosion layer.

3. A tunnel support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top wall anti-corrosion layer, the left side wall anti-corrosion layer and the right side wall anti-corrosion layer are all non-degradable plastic structures.

4. A tunnel support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the left wall waterproof steel plate abuts against the lower surface of the top wall waterproof steel plate, and the upper end of the right wall waterproof steel plate abuts against the lower surface of the top wall waterproof steel plate.

5. A tunnel support structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top wall waterproof steel plate includes a middle section, a left section and a right section; the right side wall waterproof steel plate is provided with a right side wall supporting ear with a right side wall bolt hole for supporting the right side section, the left end of the right side section is provided with a right side section connecting ear with a right side section bolt hole, the right end of the middle section is provided with a right external threaded hole and a right internal threaded hole, and the right end of the right side section is provided with a right side section threaded hole; when the left end face of the right side section is abutted against the right end face of the middle section, the right side section is fixed together with the middle section by the right side section connecting bolt passing through the right side section bolt hole and then being threadedly connected in the right external threaded hole, and the right end of the right side section is extended to the right The right side wall waterproof steel plate protrudes; the left side wall waterproof steel plate is provided with a left side wall supporting ear with a left side wall bolt hole for supporting the left section, the left end of the left section is provided with a left section connecting ear with a left section bolt hole, the left end of the middle section is provided with a left external threaded hole and a left internal threaded hole, and the left end of the left section is provided with a left section threaded hole; when the right end face of the left section is abutted against the left end face of the middle section, the left section is fixed together with the middle section by the left section connecting bolt passing through the left section bolt hole and then being threadedly connected in the left external threaded hole, and the left end of the left section extends to the left beyond the left side wall waterproof steel plate.

6. A tunnel support structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper surface of the connecting ear of the left section is flush with the lower surface of the left section, and the upper surface of the connecting ear of the right section is flush with the lower surface of the right section.

7. A tunnel support structure according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: An upper left concrete water retaining strip extending along the extension direction of the tunnel is cast at the connection between the left wall waterproof steel plate and the top wall waterproof steel plate, and the upper left concrete water retaining strip is cast on the left surface of the left wall waterproof steel plate and the lower surface of the left section; an upper right concrete water retaining strip extending along the extension direction of the tunnel is cast at the connection between the right wall waterproof steel plate and the top wall waterproof steel plate, and the upper right concrete water retaining strip is cast on the right surface of the right wall waterproof steel plate and the lower surface of the right section.

8. A tunnel support structure according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The left side wall of the tunnel includes a lower left section and an upper left section cast together, and a plurality of left supporting steel bar heads are cast in the upper left section, with the lower end supported on the lower left section and the upper end supported on the lower surface of the left section; the right side wall of the tunnel includes a lower right section and an upper right section cast together, and a plurality of right supporting steel bar heads are cast in the upper right section, with the lower end supported on the lower right section and the upper end supported on the lower surface of the right section.

9. A tunnel support structure according to claim 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that: It also includes a tunnel bottom wall of a concrete structure, and a left groove and a right groove extending in the extension direction of the tunnel are provided on the bottom wall of the inner hole; a lower left concrete strip extending in the extension direction of the left groove is provided in the left groove to support the waterproof steel plate of the left side wall in the left groove, the lower end of the left side wall of the tunnel and the lower end of the decorative panel of the left side wall are both supported in the left groove, and the left end of the tunnel bottom wall is cast together with the left side wall decorative panel; a lower right concrete strip extending in the extension direction of the right groove is provided in the right groove to support the waterproof steel plate of the right side wall in the right groove, the lower end of the right side wall of the tunnel and the lower end of the decorative panel of the right side wall are normally in the right groove, and the right end of the tunnel bottom wall is cast together with the right side wall decorative panel.

10. A tunnel support structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: A left flange extending to the bottom surface of the left groove is provided on the lower surface of the left end of the tunnel bottom wall, and the left flange is cast together with the left side wall decorative panel, and the left flange is integrally formed with the bottom wall; a right flange extending to the bottom surface of the right groove is provided on the lower surface of the right end of the tunnel bottom wall, and the right flange is cast together with the right side wall decorative panel, and the right flange is integrally formed with the bottom wall.

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