Oil cooling lubricating structure of coaxial electric drive assembly and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses an oil cooling lubrication structure of a coaxial electric drive assembly and a vehicle, the oil cooling lubrication structure comprises a shell, a rotating shaft arranged in the shell, a bearing coaxially connected with the rotating shaft and a stator and rotor component, an oil duct is formed in the shell, and an oil suction port of the oil duct is located in the center of the bottom of the shell; the oil duct comprises a main oil duct which is arranged along the length direction of the shell and is communicated with the oil suction port; the bearing lubricating branch oil passage is communicated with the main oil passage and is used for lubricating the bearing; and the stator and rotor cooling branch oil ducts are communicated with the main oil duct and are used for cooling stator and rotor components. Through reasonable structural design, oil suction holes are arranged in the middle, and the risk that an oil pump sucks air when a vehicle inclines leftwards and rightwards is reduced; and the problem that the rotor cannot be cooled is solved under a coaxial framework.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of parts for new energy vehicles, and in particular to an oil-cooling and lubricating structure of a coaxial electric drive assembly and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] As a major energy consumer and an important force in environmental protection, China has actively implemented the electric vehicle technology strategy, promoted the upgrading of the automotive industry structure and the electrification transformation of the power system, and cultivated and developed an electric vehicle society, and has achieved certain results. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the transportation sector is an important means to solve global climate change and a prerequisite for building a sustainable electric vehicle society. Electric vehicles do not produce exhaust gas like internal combustion engine vehicles, and do not produce exhaust pollution. They are very beneficial to environmental protection and air cleanliness, and are almost "zero pollution". On the other hand, the application of new energy vehicles can effectively reduce dependence on oil resources, and limited oil can be used for more important aspects. As the core of new energy vehicles, the structural design of the electric drive assembly is becoming more and more important.

[0003] Coaxial electric drive assemblies are widely used as a common electric drive assembly for new energy vehicles. Currently, most coaxial electric drive solutions on the market use water cooling structures to cool components, and a few electric drive assemblies use oil cooling solutions.

[0004] Regardless of whether the coaxial electric drive assembly uses a water-cooling or oil-cooling solution, the rotor cannot be lubricated. In addition, since the oil holes are arranged on one side of the electric drive assembly, there is a risk of the oil pump being sucked empty when the vehicle tilts left or right. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the above-mentioned background technology and to provide an oil-cooling and lubrication structure of a coaxial electric drive assembly and a vehicle without the risk of oil pump cavitation and capable of effectively cooling and lubricating components including a rotor.

[0006] To achieve this purpose, the oil-cooling lubrication structure of the coaxial electric drive assembly designed in the present invention includes a shell, a rotating shaft arranged inside the shell, a bearing coaxially connected to the rotating shaft, and a stator and rotor component. An oil channel is opened inside the shell, and the oil suction port of the oil channel is located at the bottom center of the shell; the oil channel includes a main oil channel arranged along the length direction of the shell and connected to the oil suction port; a bearing lubrication oil channel connected to the main oil channel and used for lubricating the bearing; and a stator and rotor cooling oil channel connected to the main oil channel and used for cooling the stator and rotor components.

[0007] Furthermore, the oil suction port is connected to an oil pump and an oil filter.

[0008] Furthermore, the bearing lubrication oil channel includes an end bearing lubrication oil channel for lubricating the bearings at both ends of the rotating shaft and a middle bearing lubrication oil channel for lubricating the bearings in the middle of the rotating shaft, and the middle bearing lubrication oil channel is connected to the stator and rotor cooling oil channel.

[0009] Furthermore, the stator-rotor cooling oil passage includes a stator cooling oil passage opened inside the shell and capable of performing heat exchange with the stator.

[0010] Furthermore, the stator and rotor cooling oil passages include a rotor cooling oil passage, which includes a shaft oil inlet hole opened on the rotating shaft in a radial direction and connected to the middle bearing lubrication oil passage, and an end plate oil passage opened on the end plates at both ends of the rotating shaft; the lubricating oil can enter the interior of the rotating shaft through the shaft oil inlet hole and flow in the end plate oil passage, and the oil located in the rotor layout area can exchange heat with the rotor to cool the rotor.

[0011] Furthermore, the middle bearing lubrication oil channel is connected to an axial oil inlet space which is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft and is closed at both axial ends, and the rotating shaft oil inlet hole is connected to the axial oil inlet space.

[0012] Furthermore, the axial oil inlet space is surrounded by an oil seal coaxially connected to the middle of the rotating shaft, a bearing coaxially connected to the middle of the rotating shaft, a middle inner surface of the housing and a middle outer surface of the rotating shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, a planetary gear assembly and the stator and rotor assembly are coaxially connected to the rotating shaft, and the rotor cooling oil channel is located between the planetary gear assembly and the stator and rotor assembly.

[0014] Furthermore, a planetary gear assembly and the stator and rotor assembly are coaxially connected to the rotating shaft, and the axial oil inlet space is located between the planetary gear assembly and the stator and rotor assembly.

[0015] Still further, a vehicle includes the oil cooling and lubrication structure of the coaxial electric drive assembly described above.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the oil channel of the oil-cooling lubrication structure designed by the present invention includes a bearing lubrication oil channel, which is divided into an end bearing lubrication oil channel and a middle bearing lubrication oil channel. In this way, the bearings at both ends and the middle of the rotating shaft can be lubricated, ensuring the smoothness of the bearings during operation, reducing friction losses, and extending the service life of the bearings. For example, when the electric drive assembly is running at a high speed, the bearings can be fully lubricated to avoid problems such as overheating and wear due to insufficient lubrication. The oil suction port of the oil channel is arranged in the center, which reduces the risk of the oil pump sucking air when the vehicle tilts left or right. The oil pump can ensure that the oil can circulate stably in the oil channel and provide a continuous supply of oil for lubrication and cooling. The oil filter can filter out impurities in the oil to prevent impurities from entering the bearings and stator rotor components, further improving the lubrication effect and system reliability. The stator and rotor cooling oil channel has a stator cooling oil channel opened inside the shell and capable of heat exchange with the stator. The oil flows in the stator cooling oil channel, which can take away the heat generated by the stator during operation, ensure that the stator works within a suitable temperature range, and improve the performance and stability of the stator. The rotor cooling oil channel includes a shaft oil inlet hole opened on the shaft in the radial direction and an end plate oil channel opened on the end plates at both ends of the shaft. This design allows the lubricating oil to enter the shaft through the shaft oil inlet hole through the negative pressure formed by the centrifugal force of the shaft, and flow in the end plate oil channel. The oil in the rotor arrangement area can exchange heat with the rotor, thereby effectively cooling the rotor. The middle bearing lubrication oil channel is connected to the stator and rotor cooling oil channel, and the axial oil inlet space is surrounded by an oil seal coaxially connected to the middle of the shaft, a bearing coaxially connected to the middle of the shaft, the middle inner surface of the housing and the middle outer surface of the shaft, and is connected to the shaft oil inlet hole. This layout allows the oil to participate in the cooling process of the rotor while lubricating the bearing, improves the utilization efficiency of the oil, and achieves the effect of coordinated cooling. The entire oil-cooling and lubrication structure is integrated inside the housing of the coaxial electric drive assembly, including oil channels, bearings, stator and rotor components, etc. The axial oil inlet space and rotor cooling oil channels are reasonably distributed between the planetary gear components and the stator and rotor components, making the structure of the entire electric drive assembly more compact, saving space, and facilitating efficient oil-cooling and lubrication and electric drive functions in a limited space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A top view of the vehicle body arrangement state of the oil cooling and lubrication structure of the coaxial electric drive assembly of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a front view of the vehicle body arrangement state of the oil cooling and lubrication structure of the coaxial electric drive assembly in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Middle AA section view;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Middle BB section view;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the oil passage inside the housing in the present invention;

[0023] Among them, 1—housing (1.1—main housing, 1.2—left housing, 1.3—end cover), 2—rotating shaft, 3—oil suction port, 4—main oil channel, 5—end bearing lubrication oil channel, 6—middle bearing lubrication oil channel, 7—stator cooling oil channel, 8—rotor cooling oil channel, 9—rotating shaft oil inlet hole, 10—stator, 11—rotor, 12—axial oil inlet space, 13—oil seal, 14—stator and rotor components, 15—planetary gear components, 16—differential, 17—first end bearing, 18—second end bearing, 19—third end bearing, 20—first middle bearing, 21—second middle bearing, 22—electronic control unit, 23—wiring cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1 —6, in certain embodiments, the oil-cooling lubrication structure of the coaxial electric drive assembly designed by the present invention includes a housing 1, a rotating shaft 2 arranged inside the housing 1, a bearing and a stator and rotor component 14 coaxially connected to the rotating shaft 2, an oil passage is opened inside the housing 1, and the oil suction port 3 of the oil passage is located at the bottom center of the housing 1; the oil passage includes a main oil passage 4 arranged along the length direction of the housing 1 and connected to the oil suction port 3; a bearing lubrication oil passage connected to the main oil passage 4 and used for lubricating the bearings; and a stator and rotor cooling oil passage connected to the main oil passage 4 and used for cooling the stator and rotor components 14; the oil suction port 3 is connected to an oil pump and an oil filter, and the oil is sucked into the main oil passage 4 from the oil suction port 3 through the oil pump and the oil filter.

[0026] Embodiment 1

[0027] Based on some of the above embodiments, the bearing lubrication oil channel includes an end bearing lubrication oil channel 5 for lubricating the bearings at both ends of the rotating shaft 2 and a middle bearing lubrication oil channel 6 for lubricating the bearings in the middle of the rotating shaft 2. The middle bearing lubrication oil channel 6 is connected to the stator and rotor cooling oil channels.

[0028] Embodiment 2

[0029] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment 1, the stator and rotor cooling oil passages include a stator cooling oil passage 7 opened inside the housing 1 and capable of heat exchange with the stator 10, and a rotor cooling oil passage 8 for heat exchange with the rotor 11. The rotor cooling oil passages include a shaft oil inlet hole 9 opened on the shaft 2 in the radial direction and connected to the middle bearing lubrication oil passage 6, and end plate oil passages opened on the end plates at both ends of the shaft 2; the lubricating oil can enter the shaft 2 through the shaft oil inlet hole 9 and flow in the end plate oil passages, and the oil located in the arrangement area of ​​the rotor 11 can exchange heat with the rotor 11 to cool the rotor 11. The middle bearing lubrication oil passage 6 is connected to an axial oil inlet space 12 coaxially arranged with the shaft 2 and closed at both axial ends, and the shaft oil inlet hole 9 is connected to the axial oil inlet space 12. The axial oil inlet space 12 is surrounded by an oil seal 13 coaxially connected to the middle of the shaft 2, a bearing coaxially connected to the middle of the shaft 2, the middle inner surface of the housing 1, and the middle outer surface of the shaft 2. The rotating shaft 2 is coaxially connected with a planetary row component 15 and a stator and rotor component 14, and the rotor cooling oil passage 8 is located between the planetary row component 15 and the stator and rotor component 14. The rotating shaft 2 is coaxially connected with a planetary row component 15 and a stator and rotor component 14, and the axial oil inlet space 12 is located between the planetary row component 15 and the stator and rotor component 14.

[0030] Embodiment 3

[0031] On the basis of some of the above embodiments or embodiment one or embodiment two, a vehicle is provided, comprising the oil cooling and lubrication structure of the above coaxial electric drive assembly.

[0032] In the present invention, the lubricating oil enters the main oil channel 4 from the oil suction port 3, and is transported to the first end bearing 17, the second end bearing 18, the third end bearing 19, the first middle bearing 20 and the second middle bearing 22 through the end bearing lubrication oil channel 5 and the middle bearing lubrication oil channel 6, so as to lubricate the bearings inside the housing 1, and the lubricating oil is transported to the vicinity of the stator 10 and the rotor 11 through the structure of the stator cooling oil channel 7 and the rotor cooling oil channel 8, and heat is exchanged with the stator 10 and the rotor 11, thereby taking away the heat of the stator 10 and the rotor 11. The housing is composed of the main housing 1.1, the left housing 1.2 and the end cover 1.3, forming Figure 1The state is arranged inside the vehicle body, and the oil suction port is located at the bottom center of the coaxial electric drive assembly, which avoids the situation where the oil cannot be sucked when the vehicle body tilts left or right, and ensures the stability of lubrication and cooling of the electric drive assembly. At the same time, the electric control unit 22 is arranged on the side of the electric drive assembly. The electric control unit includes IGBT and capacitors. A cooling water channel can be arranged at the electric control unit 22 to reduce the temperature of the electric control unit. A wiring cover is set on the top of the electric drive assembly to facilitate the wiring operation of the electric control unit 22.

[0033] The oil channel of the oil-cooling lubrication structure designed by the present invention includes a bearing lubrication oil channel, which is divided into an end bearing lubrication oil channel 5 and a middle bearing lubrication oil channel 6. In this way, the bearings at both ends and the middle of the rotating shaft 2 can be lubricated, ensuring the smoothness of the bearings during operation, reducing friction losses, and extending the service life of the bearings. For example, when the electric drive assembly is running at a high speed, the bearings can be fully lubricated to avoid problems such as overheating and wear due to insufficient lubrication. The oil suction port 3 of the oil channel is arranged in the center, which reduces the risk of the oil pump sucking air when the vehicle tilts left or right. The oil pump can ensure that the oil can circulate stably in the oil channel and provide a continuous supply of oil for lubrication and cooling. The oil filter can filter out impurities in the oil to prevent impurities from entering the bearings and stator rotor components, further improving the lubrication effect and system reliability. There is a stator cooling oil channel 7 in the stator and rotor cooling oil channel, which is opened inside the housing 1 and can exchange heat with the stator 10. The oil flows in the stator cooling oil channel 7, which can take away the heat generated by the stator 10 when it is working, ensuring that the stator 10 works within a suitable temperature range, thereby improving the performance and stability of the stator 10. The rotor cooling oil channel 8 includes a shaft oil inlet hole 9 opened on the shaft 2 in the radial direction and an end plate oil channel opened on the end plates at both ends of the shaft 2. This design allows the lubricating oil to enter the shaft 2 through the shaft oil inlet hole 9 through the negative pressure formed by the centrifugal force of the shaft, and flow in the end plate oil channel. The oil located in the rotor 11 arrangement area can exchange heat with the rotor 11, thereby effectively cooling the rotor 11. The middle bearing lubrication oil channel 6 is connected to the stator and rotor cooling oil channel, and the axial oil inlet space 12 is surrounded by an oil seal 13 coaxially connected to the middle of the shaft 2, a bearing coaxially connected to the middle of the shaft 2, the middle inner surface of the housing 1 and the middle outer surface of the shaft 2, and is connected to the shaft oil inlet hole 9. This layout allows the oil to participate in the cooling process of the rotor 11 while lubricating the bearings, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the oil and achieving a coordinated cooling effect. The entire oil-cooling lubrication structure is integrated inside the housing 1 of the coaxial electric drive assembly, including oil channels, bearings, stator and rotor components, etc. The axial oil inlet space 12 and the rotor cooling oil channel are reasonably distributed between the planetary gear component 15 and the stator and rotor component 14, making the structure of the entire electric drive assembly more compact, saving space, and facilitating efficient oil-cooling lubrication and electric drive functions in a limited space.

[0034] It should be noted that the description of the above technical solutions is exemplary, and this specification can be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the technical solutions set forth herein. On the contrary, providing these descriptions will make the disclosure of the present invention thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope disclosed in this specification to those skilled in the art. In addition, the technical solution of the present invention is limited only by the scope of the claims. In the case of using "including", "having" and "comprising" described in this specification, there may also be another part or other parts, and the terms used may generally be singular but may also represent plural forms. Finally, it should be pointed out that the above embodiments are only more representative examples of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and there may be many variations. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall be deemed to belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oil-cooling lubrication structure of a coaxial electric drive assembly, comprising a housing (1), a rotating shaft (2) disposed inside the housing (1), a bearing coaxially connected to the rotating shaft (2), and a stator and rotor component (14), characterized in that: An oil passage is provided inside the housing (1), and an oil suction port (3) of the oil passage is located at the bottom center of the housing (1); the oil passage comprises a main oil passage (4) arranged along the length direction of the housing (1) and connected to the oil suction port (3); a bearing lubrication oil passage connected to the main oil passage (4) and used for lubricating the bearing; and a stator and rotor cooling oil passage connected to the main oil passage (4) and used for cooling the stator and rotor components (14).

2. The oil cooling and lubrication structure of the coaxial electric drive assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil suction port (3) is connected to an oil pump and an oil filter.

3. The oil cooling and lubrication structure of the coaxial electric drive assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing lubricating oil channel comprises an end bearing lubricating oil channel (5) for lubricating the bearings at both ends of the rotating shaft (2) and a middle bearing lubricating oil channel (6) for lubricating the bearings in the middle of the rotating shaft (2); the middle bearing lubricating oil channel (6) is connected to the stator and rotor cooling oil channel.

4. The oil cooling and lubrication structure of the coaxial electric drive assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stator and rotor cooling oil passages include a stator cooling oil passage (7) which is opened inside the housing (1) and can perform heat exchange with the stator (10).

5. The oil cooling and lubrication structure of the coaxial electric drive assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stator and rotor cooling oil passages include a rotor cooling oil passage (8), which includes a shaft oil inlet hole (9) opened on the shaft (2) in a radial direction and connected to the middle bearing lubrication oil passage (6), and end plate oil passages opened on the end plates at both ends of the shaft (2); the lubricating oil can enter the interior of the shaft (2) through the shaft oil inlet hole (9) and flow in the end plate oil passages, and the oil located in the arrangement area of ​​the rotor (11) can exchange heat with the rotor (11) to cool the rotor (11).

6. The oil cooling and lubrication structure of the coaxial electric drive assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The middle bearing lubrication oil channel (6) is connected to an axial oil inlet space (12) which is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft (2) and is closed at both axial ends, and the rotating shaft oil inlet hole (9) is connected to the axial oil inlet space (12).

7. The oil cooling and lubrication structure of the coaxial electric drive assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: The axial oil inlet space (12) is surrounded by an oil seal (13) coaxially connected to the middle of the rotating shaft (2), a bearing coaxially connected to the middle of the rotating shaft (2), the middle inner surface of the housing (1) and the middle outer surface of the rotating shaft (2).

8. The oil cooling and lubrication structure of the coaxial electric drive assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (2) is coaxially connected with a planetary gear component (15) and a stator and rotor component (14), and the rotor cooling oil passage (8) is located between the planetary gear component (15) and the stator and rotor component (14).

9. The oil cooling and lubrication structure of the coaxial electric drive assembly according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (2) is coaxially connected with a planetary gear component (15) and a stator and rotor component (14), and the axial oil inlet space (12) is located between the planetary gear component (15) and the stator and rotor component (14).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: It includes the oil cooling and lubrication structure of the coaxial electric drive assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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