Mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure test equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure test equipment, and relates to the technical field of well drilling exploration, the mechanical overpressure protection device comprises an overpressure relief mechanism, a pilot pressure relief control mechanism, a manual control pressure relief mechanism and a water inflow valve control mechanism, the overpressure relief mechanism comprises a valve seat, and a valve cover is installed at the top of the valve seat in a matched mode; a pressure relief outlet is formed in the bottom of the valve seat, and a valve element assembly is installed in the valve seat. According to the mechanical overpressure protection device for the well control pressure testing equipment, when the pressure exceeds the bearing capacity of a pressure testing pipeline, the pilot pressure relief control mechanism enables the valve element assembly to open the pressure relief outlet, overpressure protection on the pressure testing pipeline is achieved, and in the process that water is filled into the pressure testing pipeline for pressurization, if water flow is unstable due to the water hammer effect and other factors, the pressure testing pipeline is not stable. Impact of water flow can be buffered, the situation that the pressure relief outlet is frequently opened by the valve element assembly due to the impact of the water flow is avoided, and therefore waste caused by pressure relief and discharge of water in the water filling and pressurizing process is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of drilling exploration, and in particular to a mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure testing equipment. Background Art

[0002] At present, drilling is a project that uses mechanical equipment to drill the formation into a cylindrical hole with a certain depth. The well control device of the drilling needs to be pressure tested before installation, before drilling, and after each layer of casing is lowered to ensure its stability and safety in the production environment; The test medium of existing well control pressure test equipment is generally water. The test pipe on the well control pressure test equipment is prone to bursting due to excessive pressure during the pressure test, and the pressure test needs to be stopped, which in turn affects the pressure test efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide a mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure testing equipment. When the pressure exceeds the bearing capacity of the pressure testing pipeline, the pilot pressure relief control mechanism causes the valve core assembly to open the pressure relief outlet, and the water in the pressure testing pipeline is discharged through the pressure relief outlet to complete the pressure relief and achieve overpressure protection for the pressure testing pipeline. During the process of filling and pressurizing the pressure testing pipeline with water, if the water flow is unstable due to factors such as the water hammer effect, the impact of the water flow can be buffered to avoid the impact of the water flow causing the valve core assembly to frequently open the pressure relief outlet, thereby avoiding the waste of water being discharged by pressure relief during the water filling and pressurizing process. The use of a manual pressure relief mechanism can manually control the pressure relief and drainage as needed, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure testing equipment, comprising an overpressure relief mechanism, the overpressure relief mechanism comprising a valve seat and a valve cover, a water pressure rectangular inlet is arranged in the middle of the left side of the valve seat, a valve cover is installed on the top of the valve seat, a pressure relief outlet is arranged at the bottom of the valve seat, and a valve core assembly is installed inside the valve seat, and further comprising: The pilot pressure relief control mechanism includes a pilot valve core opening assembly and an opening pressure regulating assembly. The pilot valve core opening assembly is installed on the valve cover and the valve core assembly, and the pilot valve core opening assembly is connected to the opening pressure regulating assembly. Manual pressure relief mechanism, installed on the valve seat and valve cover; The water inflow valve control mechanism is installed at the position corresponding to the water pressure rectangular inlet on the left side of the valve seat.

[0005] The left end of the water inflow valve control mechanism is connected to the side of the pressure test pipe on the well control pressure test equipment. The well control pressure test equipment pumps water into the pressure test pipe to increase pressure. After the pressure test pipe is filled with water, the excess water enters the interior of the valve seat through the water inflow valve control mechanism and the water pressure rectangular inlet. The water inflow valve control mechanism is used to control the speed of water flowing into the valve seat. When the water pressure in the pressure test pipe increases, the internal water pressure of the valve seat also increases. When the water pressure exceeds the water pressure bearing capacity of the pressure test pipe, the water flows in the pilot valve core opening assembly. At this time, the water pressure below the valve core assembly is greater than the water pressure above the valve core assembly, thereby driving the valve core assembly to move up in the valve seat to open the pressure relief outlet. The water in the valve seat is discharged through the pressure relief outlet to complete the test. The pressure reducing operation in the pressure test pipeline, when the water pressure in the pressure test pipeline is lower than the water pressure bearing capacity of the pressure test pipeline, the water in the pilot valve core opening assembly stops flowing, the valve core assembly moves down and resets, and the pressure relief outlet is blocked. The pressure regulating assembly is opened to change the water pressure required for the water to flow in the pilot valve core opening assembly. When the water pressure that the pressure test pipeline can withstand is large, the water pressure required for the water to flow in the pilot valve core opening assembly is increased by opening the pressure regulating assembly. When the water pressure that the pressure test pipeline can withstand is small, the water pressure required for the water to flow in the pilot valve core opening assembly is reduced by opening the pressure regulating assembly. After the pressure test is completed, the pressure in the valve seat is relieved with the help of the manual pressure relief mechanism to discharge the water in the pressure test pipeline and the valve seat.

[0006] Furthermore, the valve core assembly includes a valve plug, an annular piston is vertically slidably connected to the top of the valve seat, a vertical valve core column is arranged in the middle of the annular piston, a valve plug that cooperates with the pressure relief outlet is arranged at the bottom of the valve core column, a vertical sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the valve cover, the top of the valve core column is slidably connected to the inner side of the sliding sleeve, and the top of the valve core column is connected to the bottom of the valve cover via a vertical pressure relief spring. Under the natural state, the pressure relief spring pushes the valve core column to move downward in the valve seat, the annular piston moves downward along the inner wall of the valve seat, the valve core column drives the valve plug to move downward, and the valve plug blocks the pressure relief outlet. When the water pressure exceeds the water pressure bearing capacity of the pressure test pipe, the water flows in the pilot valve core opening assembly. At this time, the water pressure below the annular piston is greater than the water pressure above the annular piston, pushing the annular piston to overcome the elastic force of the pressure relief spring and move upward in the valve seat. The valve plug opens the pressure relief outlet, which can relieve the pressure in the pressure test pipe and the valve seat, and complete the overpressure protection operation of the pressure test pipe. As the pressure relief proceeds, when the water pressure is lower than the water pressure bearing capacity of the pressure test pipe, the water stops flowing in the pilot valve core opening assembly, and the water pressure below the annular piston and the water pressure above the annular piston are gradually balanced, and the pressure relief spring pushes the annular piston to move downward in the valve seat, thereby driving the valve plug to move downward through the valve core column, and re-blocking the pressure relief outlet, maintaining the water pressure of the pressure test pipe stable, and successfully completing the pressure test operation.

[0007] Furthermore, the pilot valve core opening assembly includes a transverse through hole, a transverse through hole is opened in the valve cover, a top hole is opened in the center of the valve cover, and a vertical channel is opened at the position of the valve cover on the right side of the top hole, and the two ends of the vertical channel are respectively connected to the transverse through hole and the top of the valve seat, and a control plug is arranged at a position between the top hole and the vertical channel in the transverse through hole, and a plug hole is opened in the middle of the control plug, and a transverse piston is connected to the left side of the transverse through hole in a transverse sliding manner, and the middle part of the right end of the transverse piston is connected to a cone blocking block through a transverse column, and the cone blocking block cooperates with the left end of the plug hole, and an opening pressure regulating assembly is installed on the left side of the transverse piston, and core channels are opened in the middle of the valve core column and the valve plug, and a damping hole is opened on the annular piston. The opening pressure regulating assembly is used to apply a rightward elastic force to the cone block, cross column and cross piston. The applied elastic force can be adjusted and changed. The water that enters the valve seat through the water inlet valve control mechanism and the water pressure rectangular inlet is first located below the annular piston. The water below the annular piston slowly enters the area above the annular piston through the damping hole, and then enters the area where the cross through hole is located on the right side of the control plug through the vertical channel. As the water pressure in the pressure test pipeline is too strong, the water pressure in the area where the cross through hole is located on the right side of the control plug is synchronously increased, and the water pushes the cone block, cross column and cross piston in the cross through hole to overcome the elastic force of the opening pressure regulating assembly and move left through the plug hole. The water enters the area where the cross through hole is located on the left side of the control plug through the plug hole, and then enters the sliding sleeve through the top hole. The water in the sliding sleeve is discharged into the pressure relief outlet through the valve core column and the core channel in the middle of the valve plug. A continuous and stable flow begins in the damping hole. Due to the small diameter of the damping hole, the water flow in the damping hole is small, causing the water pressure below the annular piston to be higher than the water pressure above the annular piston. The water pressure difference pushes the annular piston and the valve core column to overcome the elastic force of the pressure relief spring and move upward. The valve plug moves up to open the pressure relief outlet, completing the pressure relief in the valve seat. Since the valve seat is connected to the pressure test pipeline through the water inflow valve control mechanism, the pressure relief of the pressure test pipeline is also completed, realizing overpressure protection of the pressure test pipeline. When the water pressure in the pressure test pipeline is within the normal range, the elastic force of the opening pressure regulating assembly allows the cone block to block the left end of the plug hole, and no water flows in the damping hole anymore. The water pressure below the annular piston is balanced with the water pressure above the annular piston, and the elastic force of the pressure relief spring pushes the annular piston, the valve core column and the valve plug to move downward, blocking the pressure relief outlet, and the valve seat and the pressure test pipeline no longer relieve pressure.

[0008] Furthermore, the manual pressure relief mechanism includes a valve shaft, the bottom of the annular piston is fixedly connected to a conical sleeve, the bottom of the damping hole is located on the inner side of the conical sleeve, a valve cover channel is opened on the right side of the valve cover, the top of the valve cover channel is connected to the vertical channel, a valve seat channel is opened on the right side of the valve seat, the top of the valve seat channel is connected to the bottom of the valve cover channel, and the bottom of the valve seat channel is connected to the pressure relief outlet, a transverse valve shaft cavity is provided in the middle of the right side of the valve seat, a valve shaft is rotatably connected in the valve shaft cavity, a valve shaft hole is opened on the valve shaft corresponding to the valve seat channel, the left end of the valve shaft is fixedly connected to the right end of the rotating shaft, the left end of the rotating shaft extends into the valve seat and is fixedly connected to a cam, the cam is located below the right side edge of the conical sleeve, and the right end of the valve shaft is connected to a valve shaft locking assembly.

[0009] The top diameter of the conical sleeve is smaller than the bottom diameter.

[0010] When manual pressure relief is not required, the raised part of the cam at the end of the rotating shaft faces downward, the cam does not contact the lower side of the right edge of the tapered sleeve, the valve shaft holes on the valve shaft are distributed front and back, the valve seat channel is in a closed state, and no water flows inside.

[0011] When stable pressure relief is required, the valve shaft is rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise, and the raised part of the cam faces backward. The cam still does not contact the lower side of the right edge of the tapered sleeve. However, at this time, the valve shaft hole on the valve shaft is distributed vertically. Since the valve shaft hole corresponds to the valve seat channel, the valve seat channel is internally connected, and the water in the vertical channel enters the valve cover channel, and then enters the valve seat channel, passes through the valve shaft hole on the valve shaft, and enters the pressure relief outlet for discharge. At this time, since the water begins to flow continuously and stably in the damping pores, the water pressure below the annular piston is higher than the water pressure above the annular piston. The water pressure difference pushes the annular piston and the valve core column to overcome the elastic force of the pressure relief spring and move upward. The valve plug moves upward to open the pressure relief outlet, completing the stable pressure relief of the valve seat and the pressure test pipeline. When the water pressure in the pressure test pipeline is insufficient, the water pressure difference between the upper and lower sides of the annular piston is not enough to overcome the elastic force of the pressure relief spring to allow the valve core column and the valve plug to move upward, the valve plug blocks the pressure relief outlet again to stop the pressure relief. Therefore, this pressure relief method cannot discharge the water in the valve seat and the pressure test pipeline as much as possible. When rapid pressure relief is required and the water in the valve seat and the pressure test pipeline must be drained as much as possible, continue to rotate the valve shaft counterclockwise 90 degrees. At this time, the raised part of the cam faces upward, the valve shaft holes on the valve shaft are redistributed front and back, and the valve seat channel is in a closed state. As the cam rotates counterclockwise, the raised part of the cam pushes the right edge of the tapered sleeve upward, and the tapered sleeve drives the valve core column and the valve plug to overcome the elastic force of the pressure relief spring and move upward. The valve plug opens the pressure relief outlet, allowing the valve seat and the pressure test pipeline to quickly relieve pressure, and the water in the valve seat and the pressure test pipeline can be drained as much as possible.

[0012] Furthermore, the valve shaft locking assembly includes a boss, a boss is arranged on the right side of the valve seat, an annular guide groove is opened on the right side of the boss, three locking grooves are respectively opened at the rear end, top end and front end of the outer circumference of the annular guide groove, the right end of the valve shaft is connected to the right end of the locking rod through a telescopic rod, the left end of the locking rod extends into the annular guide groove, and a locking spring is sleeved on the telescopic rod.

[0013] When the raised portion of the cam faces downward and the locking rod is at the rear end of the annular guide groove, the elastic force of the locking spring causes the telescopic rod to extend, thereby pushing the left end of the locking rod to snap into the locking groove at the rear end of the outer peripheral side of the annular guide groove, so that the raised portion of the cam faces downward stably; When the raised part of the cam faces backwards and the locking rod is at the top of the annular guide groove, the elastic force of the locking spring causes the telescopic rod to extend, thereby pushing the left end of the locking rod to fit into the locking groove at the top of the outer peripheral side of the annular guide groove, so that the raised part of the cam faces backwards stably; When the raised portion of the cam faces upwards and the locking rod is at the front end of the annular guide groove, the elastic force of the locking spring causes the telescopic rod to extend, thereby pushing the left end of the locking rod to snap into the locking groove at the front end of the outer circumference of the annular guide groove, so that the raised portion of the cam faces upwards stably; When it is necessary to release the lock on the valve shaft, hold the valve shaft and the right end of the locking rod, hold the locking rod tightly, compress the locking spring, shorten the telescopic rod, and the left end of the locking rod will disengage from the locking groove and enter the annular guide groove. At this time, the valve shaft can be rotated to release the lock on the valve shaft, so that the valve shaft can be rotated to an appropriate angle as needed.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a damping pore anti-blocking mechanism, which includes a cylindrical filter and a filter scraper cleaning assembly. The top inner circumference of the conical sleeve is fixedly connected to the top edge of the cylindrical filter, the valve core column passes through the circular hole at the bottom of the cylindrical filter, and the filter scraper cleaning assembly is installed at the bottom of the valve core column. Since the diameter of the damping pore is small, impurities in the pressure test water are easy to block the damping pores, affecting the normal operation of the device. Therefore, a cylindrical filter is set, and the water is first filtered by the cylindrical filter before passing through the damping pores. As the cylindrical filter is filtered, the filtered impurities will adhere to the outside of the cylindrical filter. Therefore, a filter scraper cleaning assembly is set, and the water flow entering the valve seat will drive the filter scraper cleaning assembly to move, scrape and clean the impurities attached to the outside of the cylindrical filter, reducing the need for additional maintenance and cleaning of the cylindrical filter.

[0015] Furthermore, the water inflow valve control mechanism includes a water flow pipe, and the position of the water pressure rectangular inlet on the left side of the valve seat is fixedly connected to the right end of the water flow pipe. A plurality of arc-shaped slow-flow channels are arranged at equal distances on the front and rear sides of the water flow pipe, and the two ends of the arc-shaped slow-flow channels are respectively connected to the interior of the water flow pipe, and a slow-flow channel opening and closing control component is installed in the water flow pipe. The left end of the water flow pipe is connected to the test pressure pipe, and the water in the test pressure pipe first enters the water flow pipe and flows to the right from the water flow pipe. The water will enter the left end of the arc-shaped slow-flow channel, and then flow back to the water flow pipe from the right end of the arc-shaped slow-flow channel. The angle between the tangent of the right end of the arc-shaped slow-flow channel and the center line of the water flow pipe is an acute angle. The water that flows back to the water flow pipe from the right end of the arc-shaped slow-flow channel can buffer the water flowing to the right in the water flow pipe and weaken the impact force of the water flowing to the right in the water flow pipe. In the process of filling and pressurizing the test pressure pipe, If the water flow is unstable due to factors such as the water hammer effect, the impact of the water flow can be buffered to prevent the impact of the water flow from causing the valve core assembly to frequently open the pressure relief outlet, thereby preventing water from being discharged and wasted during the water filling and pressurization process. When the pressure is released, the conical sleeve moves upward along with the valve core column, the annular piston and the valve plug to overcome the elastic force of the pressure relief spring, and the conical sleeve drives the slow flow channel opening and closing control assembly to close the two ends of the arc-shaped slow flow channel, making the arc-shaped slow flow channel ineffective in slowing the flow of water in the water flow pipe, allowing the water in the test pressure pipe to be quickly discharged through the water flow pipe.

[0016] Furthermore, the slow-flow channel opening and closing control component includes a rectangular sliding pipe, a rectangular sliding pipe is connected to the water flow pipe in a transverse sliding manner, and rectangular through holes corresponding to the two ends of the arc-shaped slow-flow channel are respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the rectangular sliding pipe, and a guide protrusion is provided on the top of the right end of the rectangular sliding pipe, and the right end of the guide protrusion is in friction contact with the outer left end of the conical sleeve, and a horizontal sliding groove is provided on the top of the water flow pipe, and a return spring is provided on the left end of the horizontal sliding groove, and a protrusion is provided at the top of the rectangular sliding pipe at a position corresponding to the horizontal sliding groove, the protrusion is connected to the right end of the return spring, and a guide inclined plate is provided on the front side of the right end of the rectangular sliding pipe. In the natural state, the rectangular through holes on the rectangular sliding pipe correspond to the two ends of the arc-shaped slow-flow channel. When water flows to the right from the water flow pipe, the arc-shaped slow-flow channel plays a slow-flow role to slow down the impact of water. When pressure relief is required, the conical sleeve moves up along with the valve core column, the annular piston and the valve plug to overcome the elastic force of the pressure relief spring. The inclined surface on the left side of the conical sleeve is in friction contact with the right end of the guide convex rod. The upward movement of the conical sleeve pushes the guide convex rod to move left, thereby allowing the rectangular sliding pipe to move left in the water flow pipe. At this time, the reset spring is compressed, and the rectangular through hole and the end of the arc-shaped slow-flow channel are staggered. At this time, the effect of the arc-shaped slow-flow channel is blocked. The water flows quickly from left to right through the rectangular sliding pipe to complete rapid pressure relief. During pressure relief, the slow-flow effect of the arc-shaped slow-flow channel fails and the pressure relief efficiency is not reduced. After the pressure relief is completed, the tapered sleeve moves down along with the valve core column, the annular piston and the valve plug, and the reset spring resets and extends, pushing the rectangular sliding pipe to move right in the water flow pipe. The end of the rectangular sliding pipe corresponds to the rectangular through hole again, allowing the arc-shaped slow-flow channel to play its slow-flow effect again. The water flowing to the right in the rectangular sliding pipe enters the valve seat through the guide inclined plate, which can better drive the filter scraping and cleaning component to move.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a water flow impact buffer mechanism, which includes a buffer cylinder, and buffer through holes are respectively opened on the front and rear sides of the left end of the water flow pipe, and the two buffer through holes are respectively fixedly connected to the two buffer cylinders, and the two buffer cylinders are respectively installed with water flow buffer components. Due to the slow flow effect of the arc-shaped slow flow channel in the water inflow valve control mechanism, the instantaneous pressure inside the test pressure pipeline may be too large, so the water flow impact buffer mechanism is set. When the instantaneous pressure inside the test pressure pipeline is too large, water enters the buffer cylinder through the buffer through hole, and the instantaneous increase of water pressure inside the test pressure pipeline can be buffered by the water flow buffer component.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a booster pump emergency stop mechanism, which includes a square rod, an inclined groove is provided on the left side of the top of the transverse piston, the bottom of the inclined groove is inclined lower on the left and higher on the right, a square hole is provided on the top of the valve cover corresponding to the left end of the inclined groove, a square rod is vertically slidably connected in the square hole, the bottom of the square rod is provided with an inclined surface matching the bottom of the inclined groove, a pressure block is installed on the top of the square rod, a bent frame is provided on the top of the valve cover, a booster pump emergency stop switch is installed on the bent frame, and the booster pump emergency stop switch is located directly above the pressure block. During the pressure test, when the pressure is too high and begins to release, the cross piston moves to the left in the cross hole, and the bottom of the inclined groove on the cross piston rubs against the bottom inclined surface of the square rod, and the square rod is guided to move upward with the help of the inclined surface. The square rod presses the booster pump emergency stop switch on the bent frame through the pressure block on the top, which can shut down the booster pump in the well control pressure test equipment and stop pressurizing, avoiding the waste of electricity and water. When the pressure relief is completed, the cross piston moves to the right in the cross hole and resets, and the square rod and the pressure block move down again due to gravity and leave the booster pump emergency stop switch.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure testing equipment has the following beneficial effects: 1. When the pressure exceeds the bearing capacity of the pressure test pipeline, the pilot pressure relief control mechanism causes the valve core assembly to open the pressure relief outlet, and the water in the pressure test pipeline is discharged through the pressure relief outlet to complete the pressure relief and realize overpressure protection for the pressure test pipeline.

[0020] 2. The left end of the water flow pipe is connected to the pressure test pipe. The water in the pressure test pipe first enters the water flow pipe and flows to the right from the water flow pipe. The water will enter the left end of the arc-shaped slow-flow channel and then flow back to the water flow pipe from the right end of the arc-shaped slow-flow channel. The angle between the tangent of the right end of the arc-shaped slow-flow channel and the center line of the water flow pipe is an acute angle. The water flow from the right end of the arc-shaped slow-flow channel back to the water flow pipe can buffer the water flow to the right in the water flow pipe and weaken the impact force of the water flow to the right in the water flow pipe. During the process of filling and pressurizing the pressure test pipe with water, if the water flow is unstable due to factors such as the water hammer effect, the impact of the water flow can be buffered to avoid the impact of the water flow causing the valve core assembly to frequently open the pressure relief outlet, thereby avoiding the waste of water being discharged during the water filling and pressurization process.

[0021] 3. When the pressure is released, the conical sleeve moves upward along with the valve core column, annular piston and valve plug to overcome the elastic force of the pressure relief spring. The conical sleeve drives the slow flow channel opening and closing control component to close the two ends of the arc-shaped slow flow channel, making the arc-shaped slow flow channel ineffective in slowing the flow of water in the water flow pipe, allowing the water in the test pressure pipe to be quickly discharged through the water flow pipe.

[0022] 4. The manual pressure relief mechanism can be used to manually control the pressure relief and drainage as needed, which can achieve stable pressure relief on the pressure test pipeline, and can also quickly relieve pressure in the valve seat and the pressure test pipeline, so that the water in the valve seat and the pressure test pipeline can be drained as cleanly as possible.

[0023] 5. During the pressure test, when the pressure is too high and begins to release, the cross piston moves to the left in the cross hole, and the bottom of the inclined groove on the cross piston rubs against the bottom inclined surface of the square rod, and the square rod is guided to move upward with the help of the inclined surface. The square rod presses the emergency stop switch of the pressure pump on the bent frame through the pressure block on the top, which can shut down the pressure pump in the well control pressure test equipment, stop pressurization, and avoid waste of electricity and water.

[0024] 6. It can prevent the pressure test pipe on the well control pressure test equipment from bursting due to excessive pressure during the pressure test, which is beneficial to improving the pressure test efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure testing equipment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a side structural schematic diagram of a mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure testing equipment of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure at center A; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the vertical cross-section structure of the mechanical overpressure protection device used for well control pressure testing equipment of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure at B in the middle; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure at C in the middle; Figure 7 A vertical section of a partially enlarged structure of a mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure testing equipment of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 8 A vertical section of a partially enlarged structure of a mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure testing equipment of the present invention Figure 2 ; Fig. 9 A vertical section of a partially enlarged structure of a mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure testing equipment of the present invention Figure 3 ; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the horizontal cross-section structure of the mechanical overpressure protection device used for well control pressure testing equipment of the present invention; Fig.11 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a manual pressure relief mechanism in a mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure testing equipment of the present invention; Fig.12 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a pilot pressure relief control mechanism and a booster pump emergency stop mechanism in a mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure testing equipment of the present invention; Fig.13 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a water inflow valve control mechanism in a mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure testing equipment of the present invention; In the figure: 1, overpressure relief mechanism; 11, valve seat; 12, cylindrical cavity; 13, central cavity; 14, pressure relief outlet; 15, water pressure rectangular inlet; 16, valve cover; 17, sliding sleeve; 18, pressure relief spring; 19, valve core column; 110, annular piston; 111, valve plug; 2. Pilot pressure relief control mechanism; 21. Horizontal through hole; 22. Through hole end plug; 23. Control plug; 24. Plug hole; 25. Horizontal piston; 26. External screw sleeve; 27. Knob; 28. Tightening column; 29. ​​Adjusting spring; 210. Horizontal column; 211. Top hole; 212. Vertical channel; 213. Conical plugging block; 214. Damping pore; 215. Core channel; 3. Manual pressure relief mechanism; 31. Valve cover channel; 32. Valve seat channel; 33. Valve shaft; 34. Valve shaft hole; 35. Rotating shaft; 36. Cam; 37. Conical sleeve; 38. Boss; 39. Annular guide groove; 310. Locking rod; 311. Telescopic rod; 312. Locking spring; 313. Locking groove; 4. Damping pore anti-blocking mechanism; 41. Cylindrical filter screen; 42. Rotating sleeve; 43. Blade; 44. L-shaped scraper; 5. Emergency stop mechanism of booster pump; 51. Inclined slot; 52. Square rod; 53. Press block; 54. Bending frame; 55. Emergency stop switch of booster pump; 6. Water inflow valve control mechanism; 61. Water flow pipe; 62. Arc slow flow channel; 63. Rectangular sliding pipe; 64. Rectangular through hole; 65. Guide convex rod; 66. Guide inclined plate; 67. Convex block; 68. Horizontal slide groove; 69. Reset spring; 611. Rectangular pipe body; 612. Pipe disassembly cover; 613. Pipe end cover; 614. Receiver pipe; 7. Water flow impact buffer mechanism; 71. Buffer cylinder; 72. Buffer piston; 73. Buffer spring; 74. Piston column; 75. Buffer through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] For example, see Figures 1 to 13The present embodiment provides a technical solution: a mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure testing equipment, comprising an overpressure relief mechanism 1, the overpressure relief mechanism 1 comprising a valve seat 11, a pressure relief outlet 14, a water pressure rectangular inlet 15, and a valve cover 16. The water pressure rectangular inlet 15 is arranged in the middle of the left side of the valve seat 11, the valve cover 16 is installed on the top of the valve seat 11, the pressure relief outlet 14 is arranged at the bottom of the valve seat 11, and a valve core assembly is installed inside the valve seat 11.

[0028] The overpressure relief mechanism 1 further comprises a cylindrical cavity 12 and a central cavity 13 . The central cavity 13 is arranged in the middle of the valve seat 11 , and the top of the valve seat 11 is provided with a cylindrical cavity 12 which is in communication with the top of the central cavity 13 .

[0029] It also includes a pilot pressure relief control mechanism 2, a manual pressure relief mechanism 3 and a water inflow valve control mechanism 6.

[0030] The pilot pressure relief control mechanism 2 includes a pilot valve core opening component and an opening pressure regulating component. The pilot valve core opening component is installed on the valve cover 16 and the valve core component. The pilot valve core opening component is connected to the opening pressure regulating component.

[0031] The valve core assembly includes a pressure relief spring 18, a valve core column 19, an annular piston 110 and a valve plug 111. The annular piston 110 is vertically slidably connected to the top of the valve seat 11. Specifically, the outer peripheral side of the annular piston 110 is slidably connected to the cylindrical cavity 12. A vertical valve core column 19 is provided in the middle of the annular piston 110. The bottom of the valve core column 19 is provided with a valve plug 111 that cooperates with the pressure relief outlet 14. The bottom of the valve cover 16 is fixedly connected with a vertical sliding sleeve 17. The outer side of the sliding sleeve 17 is connected to the top of the cylindrical cavity 12. The top of the valve core column 19 is slidably connected to the inner side of the sliding sleeve 17. The top of the valve core column 19 is connected to the bottom of the valve cover 16 through the vertical pressure relief spring 18. In the natural state, the pressure relief spring 18 pushes the valve core column 19 to move downward in the valve seat 11, and the annular piston 110 moves downward along the inner wall of the valve seat 11. The valve core column 19 drives the valve plug 111 to move downward, and the valve plug 111 blocks the pressure relief outlet 14. When the water pressure exceeds the water pressure bearing capacity of the pressure test pipeline, the water flows in the pilot valve core opening component. At this time, the water pressure below the annular piston 110 is greater than the water pressure above the annular piston 110, pushing the annular piston 110 to overcome the elastic force of the pressure relief spring 18 and move upward in the valve seat 11, and the valve plug 111 opens the pressure relief outlet 14. , the pressure in the pressure test pipeline and the valve seat 11 can be relieved to complete the overpressure protection operation of the pressure test pipeline. As the pressure relief proceeds, when the water pressure is lower than the water pressure bearing capacity of the pressure test pipeline, water stops flowing in the pilot valve core opening assembly, and the water pressure below the annular piston 110 and the water pressure above the annular piston 110 are gradually balanced. The pressure relief spring 18 pushes the annular piston 110 to move downward in the valve seat 11, thereby driving the valve plug 111 to move downward through the valve core column 19, and re-blocking the pressure relief outlet 14, maintaining the water pressure in the pressure test pipeline stable, and successfully completing the pressure test operation.

[0032] The pilot valve core opening component includes a transverse through hole 21, a through hole end plug 22, a control plug 23, a plug hole 24, a transverse piston 25, a transverse column 210, a top hole 211, a vertical channel 212, a cone block 213, a damping hole 214 and a core channel 215. The valve cover 16 is provided with a transverse through hole 21, and a through hole end plug 22 is provided at the right end of the transverse through hole 21. The center of the valve cover 16 is provided with a top hole 211, and the valve cover 16 is provided with a vertical channel 212 at the right side of the top hole 211. The two ends of the vertical channel 212 are respectively connected to the transverse through hole 21 and the top of the valve seat 11. A control plug 23 is provided in the transverse through hole 21 between the top hole 211 and the vertical channel 212, a plug hole 24 is provided in the middle of the control plug 23, a transverse piston 25 is connected to the left side of the transverse through hole 21 in a transverse sliding manner, the middle of the right end of the transverse piston 25 is connected to a cone block 213 through a transverse column 210, the cone block 213 cooperates with the left end of the plug hole 24, an opening pressure regulating assembly is installed on the left side of the transverse piston 25, a core channel 215 is provided in the middle of the valve core column 19 and the valve plug 111, and a damping hole 214 is provided on the annular piston 110.

[0033] The opening pressure regulating assembly is used to apply a rightward elastic force to the cone block 213, the cross column 210 and the cross piston 25, and the applied elastic force can be adjusted; the water entering the valve seat 11 through the water inflow valve control mechanism 6 and the water pressure rectangular inlet 15 is first located below the annular piston 110, and the water below the annular piston 110 slowly enters the area above the annular piston 110 through the damping hole 214, and then enters the area of ​​the transverse through hole 21 located on the right side of the control plug 23 through the vertical channel 212, and as the pressure test tube The water pressure in the channel is too strong, and the water pressure in the area of ​​the transverse through hole 21 on the right side of the control plug 23 is synchronously increased. The water pushes the cone block 213, the cross column 210 and the cross piston 25 in the transverse through hole 21 through the plug hole 24 to overcome the elastic force of the opening pressure regulating assembly and move left. The water enters the area of ​​the transverse through hole 21 on the left side of the control plug 23 through the plug hole 24, and then enters the sliding sleeve 17 through the top hole 211. The water in the sliding sleeve 17 is discharged into the pressure relief outlet 14 through the valve core column 19 and the core channel 215 in the middle of the valve plug 111. As a result, water begins to flow continuously and stably in the damping pore 214. Due to the small diameter of the damping pore 214, the flow rate of water in the damping pore 214 is small, causing the water pressure below the annular piston 110 to be higher than the water pressure above the annular piston 110. The water pressure difference pushes the annular piston 110 and the valve core column 19 to overcome the elastic force of the pressure relief spring 18 and move upward. The valve plug 111 moves upward to open the pressure relief outlet 14, completing the pressure relief in the valve seat 11. Since the valve seat 11 is connected to the pressure test pipeline through the water inflow valve control mechanism 6, the pressure relief is also completed. The pressure relief of paired pressure test pipes realizes overpressure protection for the pressure test pipes. When the water pressure in the pressure test pipes is within the normal range, the elastic force of the pressure regulating assembly is opened to allow the cone blocking block 213 to block the left end of the plug hole 24. No water flows in the damping hole 214 anymore. The water pressure below the annular piston 110 is balanced with the water pressure above the annular piston 110. The elastic force of the pressure relief spring 18 pushes the annular piston 110, the valve core column 19 and the valve plug 111 downward to block the pressure relief outlet 14. The valve seat 11 and the pressure test pipe are no longer depressurized.

[0034] The opening pressure regulating assembly includes an outer screw sleeve 26, a knob 27, a tightening column 28, and an adjusting spring 29. The adjusting spring 29 is arranged at the position on the left side of the transverse piston 25 in the transverse through hole 21. The outer screw sleeve 26 is integrally connected to the position of the left side of the valve cover 16 corresponding to the transverse through hole 21. The outer screw sleeve 26 is threadedly connected to the inner side of the knob 27. The tightening column 28 is arranged at the position corresponding to the transverse through hole 21 in the middle of the knob 27. The right end of the tightening column 28 extends into the transverse through hole 21 and tightens the left end of the adjusting spring 29. The knob 27 is turned clockwise, and the knob 27 and the outer screw sleeve are connected. The threaded action of 26 allows the knob 27 to move right, and the knob 27 compresses the adjusting spring 29 through the clamping column 28. At this time, the pressure in the pressure test pipeline needs to be greater to overcome the elastic force of the adjusting spring 29 to allow the cone blocking block 213, the cross column 210 and the cross piston 25 to move left and open the plug hole 24 to complete the pressure relief. Turn the knob 27 counterclockwise, and the clamping force of the clamping column 28 on the adjusting spring 29 becomes smaller. The pressure in the pressure test pipeline cannot be too large to overcome the elastic force of the adjusting spring 29 to allow the cone blocking block 213, the cross column 210 and the cross piston 25 to move left and open the plug hole 24 to complete the pressure relief.

[0035] The manual pressure relief mechanism 3 is mounted on the valve seat 11 and the valve cover 16 .

[0036] The manual pressure relief mechanism 3 includes a valve cover channel 31, a valve seat channel 32, a valve shaft 33, a valve shaft hole 34, a rotating shaft 35, a cam 36, a tapered sleeve 37 and a valve shaft locking assembly. The bottom of the annular piston 110 is fixedly connected with the tapered sleeve 37 by screws. The tapered sleeve 37 coincides with the center of the annular piston 110. The bottom of the damping hole 214 is located on the inner side of the tapered sleeve 37. A valve cover channel 31 is opened on the right side of the valve cover 16. The top of the valve cover channel 31 is connected to the vertical channel 212. A valve seat channel 32 is opened on the right side of the valve seat 11. The top of the channel 32 is connected to the bottom of the valve cover channel 31, and the bottom of the valve seat channel 32 is connected to the pressure relief outlet 14. A transverse valve shaft cavity is provided in the middle of the right side of the valve seat 11. A valve shaft 33 is rotatably connected in the valve shaft cavity. A valve shaft hole 34 is provided in the valve shaft 33 corresponding to the position of the valve seat channel 32. The left end of the valve shaft 33 is fixedly connected to the right end of the rotating shaft 35. The left end of the rotating shaft 35 extends into the valve seat 11 and is fixedly connected to a cam 36. The cam 36 is located below the right edge of the tapered sleeve 37. The right end of the valve shaft 33 is connected to a valve shaft locking assembly.

[0037] The top diameter of the conical sleeve 37 is smaller than the bottom diameter.

[0038] When manual pressure relief is not required, the raised portion of the cam 36 at the end of the rotating shaft 35 faces downward, the cam 36 does not contact the lower side of the right edge of the tapered sleeve 37, the valve shaft holes 34 on the valve shaft 33 are distributed front and back, the valve seat channel 32 is in a closed state, and no water flows inside.

[0039] When stable pressure relief is required, the valve shaft 33 is rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise, and the raised part of the cam 36 faces backward. The cam 36 still does not contact the lower side of the right edge of the tapered sleeve 37. However, at this time, the valve shaft hole 34 on the valve shaft 33 is vertically distributed. Since the valve shaft hole 34 corresponds to the valve seat channel 32, the valve seat channel 32 is internally connected, and the water in the vertical channel 212 enters the valve cover channel 31, and then enters the valve seat channel 32, passes through the valve shaft hole 34 on the valve shaft 33, and enters the pressure relief outlet 14 for discharge. At this time, since the water begins to flow continuously and stably in the damping pore 214, the annular piston 1 The water pressure below 10 is higher than the water pressure above the annular piston 110. The water pressure difference pushes the annular piston 110 and the valve core column 19 to overcome the elastic force of the pressure relief spring 18 and move upward. The valve plug 111 moves upward to open the pressure relief outlet 14, completing the stable pressure relief of the valve seat 11 and the pressure test pipeline. When the water pressure in the pressure test pipeline is insufficient, the water pressure difference between the upper and lower sides of the annular piston 110 is not enough to overcome the elastic force of the pressure relief spring 18 to allow the valve core column 19 and the valve plug 111 to move upward, and the valve plug 111 blocks the pressure relief outlet 14 again, stopping the pressure relief. Therefore, this pressure relief method cannot discharge the water in the valve seat 11 and the pressure test pipeline as much as possible. When rapid pressure relief is required and the water in the valve seat 11 and the pressure test pipeline should be drained as much as possible, the valve shaft 33 is continued to be rotated counterclockwise by 90 degrees. At this time, the raised portion of the cam 36 faces upward, and the valve shaft holes 34 on the valve shaft 33 are redistributed front and back. The valve seat channel 32 is in a closed state. As the cam 36 rotates counterclockwise, the raised portion of the cam 36 pushes the right edge of the tapered sleeve 37 upward, and the tapered sleeve 37 drives the valve core column 19 and the valve plug 111 to overcome the elastic force of the pressure relief spring 18 and move upward. The valve plug 111 opens the pressure relief outlet 14, allowing the valve seat 11 and the pressure test pipeline to quickly relieve pressure, and the water in the valve seat 11 and the pressure test pipeline can be drained as much as possible.

[0040] The valve shaft locking assembly includes a boss 38, an annular guide groove 39, a locking rod 310, a telescopic rod 311, a locking spring 312 and a locking groove 313. A boss 38 is arranged on the right side of the valve seat 11. An annular guide groove 39 is provided on the right side of the boss 38. Three locking grooves 313 are respectively provided at the rear end, the top end and the front end of the outer peripheral side of the annular guide groove 39. The three locking grooves 313 are distributed at equal angles of 90 degrees. The annular guide groove 39 coincides with the center of the valve shaft 33. The right end of the valve shaft 33 is connected to the right end of the locking rod 310 through the telescopic rod 311. The left end of the locking rod 310 extends into the annular guide groove 39. A locking spring 312 is sleeved on the telescopic rod 311. The telescopic rod 311 is distributed along the radial direction of the valve shaft 33, and the locking rod 310 is parallel to the valve shaft 33.

[0041] When the raised portion of the cam 36 faces downward, the locking rod 310 is at the rear end of the annular guide groove 39, and the elastic force of the locking spring 312 causes the telescopic rod 311 to extend, thereby pushing the left end of the locking rod 310 to fit into the locking groove 313 at the rear end of the outer peripheral side of the annular guide groove 39, so that the raised portion of the cam 36 faces downward stably. When the raised portion of the cam 36 faces backward, the locking rod 310 is at the top of the annular guide groove 39, and the elastic force of the locking spring 312 causes the telescopic rod 311 to extend, thereby pushing the left end of the locking rod 310 to fit into the locking groove 313 at the top of the outer peripheral side of the annular guide groove 39, so that the raised portion of the cam 36 faces backward stably; When the raised portion of the cam 36 faces upward, the locking rod 310 is at the front end of the annular guide groove 39, and the elastic force of the locking spring 312 causes the telescopic rod 311 to extend, thereby pushing the left end of the locking rod 310 to fit into the locking groove 313 at the front end of the outer peripheral side of the annular guide groove 39, so that the raised portion of the cam 36 faces upward stably. When it is necessary to release the lock on the valve shaft 33, hold the valve shaft 33 and the right end of the locking rod 310, hold the locking rod 310 tightly, compress the locking spring 312, shorten the telescopic rod 311, and the left end of the locking rod 310 disengages from the locking groove 313 and enters the annular guide groove 39. At this time, the valve shaft 33 can be rotated to release the lock on the valve shaft 33, so that the valve shaft 33 can be rotated to a suitable angle as needed.

[0042] A damping pore anti-blocking mechanism 4 is also provided, and the damping pore anti-blocking mechanism 4 includes a cylindrical filter 41 and a filter scraping and cleaning assembly. The top inner peripheral side of the conical sleeve 37 is fixedly connected to the top edge of the cylindrical filter 41, and the valve core column 19 passes through the circular hole at the bottom of the cylindrical filter 41, and a filter scraping and cleaning assembly is installed at the bottom of the valve core column 19. Since the diameter of the damping pore 214 is small, impurities in the pressure test water are easy to block the damping pore 214, affecting the normal operation of the device, so a cylindrical filter 41 is provided, and water is first filtered by the cylindrical filter 41 before passing through the damping pore 214. As the cylindrical filter 41 is filtered, the impurities filtered out will adhere to the outside, so a filter scraping and cleaning assembly is provided, and the water flow entering the valve seat 11 will drive the filter scraping and cleaning assembly to scrape and clean the impurities attached to the outside of the cylindrical filter 41, thereby reducing the need for additional maintenance and cleaning of the cylindrical filter 41.

[0043] The filter scraping and cleaning assembly includes a rotating sleeve 42, blades 43, and an L-shaped scraper 44. The valve core column 19 is located below the cylindrical filter 41 and is rotatably connected to the rotating sleeve 42. Four blades 43 are arranged in an annular array on the outer side of the rotating sleeve 42, and two L-shaped scrapers 44 are arranged on the top of the rotating sleeve 42. The two L-shaped scrapers 44 are respectively close to the outer side of the cylindrical filter 41. The water flow entering the central cavity 13 of the valve seat 11 impacts the blades 43, driving the blades 43 to rotate. The blades 43 drive the L-shaped scrapers 44 to clean the impurities filtered from the outer side of the cylindrical filter 41.

[0044] The water inflow valve control mechanism 6 is installed at a position corresponding to the water pressure rectangular inlet 15 on the left side of the valve seat 11 .

[0045] The water inflow valve control mechanism 6 includes a water flow pipe 61, an arc-shaped slow flow channel 62 and a slow flow channel opening and closing control component. The position of the water pressure rectangular inlet 15 on the left side of the valve seat 11 is fixedly connected to the right end of the water flow pipe 61. A plurality of arc-shaped slow flow channels 62 are arranged at equal distances on the front and back sides of the water flow pipe 61. The two ends of the arc-shaped slow flow channel 62 are respectively connected to the interior of the water flow pipe 61, and a slow flow channel opening and closing control component is installed in the water flow pipe 61. The left end of the water flow pipe 61 is connected to the pressure test pipe. The water in the pressure test pipe first enters the water flow pipe 61 and flows to the right from the water flow pipe 61. The water flow will enter the left end of the arc-shaped slow-flow channel 62, and then flow back to the water flow pipe 61 from the right end of the arc-shaped slow-flow channel 62. The angle between the tangent of the right end of the arc-shaped slow-flow channel 62 and the center line of the water flow pipe 61 is an acute angle. The water flow from the right end of the arc-shaped slow-flow channel 62 back to the water flow pipe 61 can buffer the water flow flowing to the right in the water flow pipe 61 and weaken the impact force of the water flow to the right in the water flow pipe 61. In the process of filling water and pressurizing the pressure test pipe, If the water flow is unstable due to factors such as the water hammer effect, the impact of the water flow can be buffered to prevent the impact of the water flow from causing the valve core assembly to frequently open the pressure relief outlet 14, thereby preventing water from being discharged and wasted during the water filling and pressurization process. When the pressure is released, the conical sleeve 37 moves upward along with the valve core column 19, the annular piston 110 and the valve plug 111 to overcome the elastic force of the pressure relief spring 18, and the conical sleeve 37 drives the slow flow channel opening and closing control assembly to close the two ends of the arc-shaped slow flow channel 62, so that the arc-shaped slow flow channel 62 loses its slow flow effect on the water flow in the water flow pipe 61, allowing the water in the test pressure pipe to be quickly discharged through the water flow pipe 61.

[0046] The slow-flow channel opening and closing control component includes a rectangular sliding pipe 63, a rectangular through hole 64, a guide protrusion 65, a guide inclined plate 66, a protrusion 67, a horizontal sliding groove 68 and a return spring 69. The rectangular sliding pipe 63 is connected to the water flow pipe 61 for horizontal sliding. The front and rear sides of the rectangular sliding pipe 63 are respectively provided with rectangular through holes 64 corresponding to the two ends of the arc-shaped slow-flow channel 62. A guide protrusion 65 is provided at the top of the right end of the rectangular sliding pipe 63. The right end of the guide protrusion 65 is in friction contact with the outer left end of the conical sleeve 37. A horizontal sliding groove 68 is provided at the top of the water flow pipe 61. A return spring 69 is provided at the left end of the horizontal sliding groove 68. A protrusion 67 is provided at the top of the rectangular sliding pipe 63 corresponding to the position of the horizontal sliding groove 68. The protrusion 67 is connected to the right end of the return spring 69, and a guide inclined plate 66 is provided on the front side of the right end of the rectangular sliding pipe 63. In the natural state, the rectangular through hole 64 on the rectangular sliding pipe 63 corresponds to the two ends of the arc-shaped slow-flow channel 62. When water flows to the right from the water flow pipe 61, the arc-shaped slow-flow channel 62 plays a slow-flow role to slow down the impact of water. When pressure relief is required, the conical sleeve 37 moves up with the valve core column 19, the annular piston 110 and the valve plug 111 to overcome the elastic force of the pressure relief spring 18. The inclined surface on the left side of the conical sleeve 37 is in friction contact with the right end of the guide protrusion 65. The upward movement of the conical sleeve 37 pushes the guide protrusion 65 to move left, thereby allowing the rectangular sliding pipe 63 to move left in the water flow pipe 61. At this time, the reset spring 69 is compressed, and the rectangular through hole 64 is staggered with the end of the arc-shaped slow-flow channel 62. At this time, the effect of the arc-shaped slow-flow channel 62 is shielded, and the water flows fast. The water flows through the rectangular sliding pipe 63 from left to right at a high speed, and the rapid pressure relief is completed. During the pressure relief, the slow flow effect of the arc-shaped slow flow channel 62 fails, and the pressure relief efficiency is not reduced. After the pressure relief is completed, the conical sleeve 37 moves down along with the valve core column 19, the annular piston 110 and the valve plug 111, and the reset spring 69 resets and extends, pushing the rectangular sliding pipe 63 to move right in the water flow pipe 61, and the end of the rectangular sliding pipe 63 corresponds to the rectangular through hole 64 again, so that the arc-shaped slow flow channel 62 can play the slow flow effect again, and the water flowing to the right in the rectangular sliding pipe 63 passes through the guide inclined plate 66 and enters the valve seat 11, which can better drive the blades 43 in the filter scraping and cleaning assembly to move, so that the rotating sleeve 42 rotates in one direction to Fig.10 For example, water flowing through the blades 43 can drive the rotating sleeve 42 to rotate clockwise.

[0047] To facilitate the assembly of components within the water flow pipe 61, the water flow pipe 61 consists of a rectangular pipe body 611, a pipe disassembly cover 612, a pipe end cover 613, and a receiving pipe 614. The right end of the rectangular pipe body 611 is fixedly connected to the position of the water pressure rectangular inlet 15 on the left side of the valve seat 11, the pipe disassembly cover 612 is fixedly connected to the top notch of the rectangular pipe body 611 by screws, the left end of the rectangular pipe body 611 is fixedly connected to the pipe end cover 613 by screws, a receiving pipe 614 is provided in the middle of the pipe end cover 613, and the left end of the receiving pipe 614 is connected to the side of the pressure test pipe. Thus, the components within the water flow pipe 61 are convenient to assemble and replace.

[0048] When in use, the left end of the water inflow valve control mechanism 6 is connected to the side of the pressure test pipe on the well control pressure test equipment. The well control pressure test equipment pumps water into the pressure test pipe to increase pressure. After the pressure test pipe is filled with water, the excess water enters the interior of the valve seat 11 through the water inflow valve control mechanism 6 and the water pressure rectangular inlet 15. The water inflow valve control mechanism 6 is used to control the speed of water flowing into the valve seat 11. When the water pressure in the pressure test pipe increases, the internal water pressure of the valve seat 11 also increases. When the water pressure exceeds the water pressure bearing capacity of the pressure test pipe, the water flows in the pilot valve core opening assembly. At this time, the water pressure below the valve core assembly is greater than the water pressure above the valve core assembly, thereby driving the valve core assembly to move up in the valve seat 11 to open the pressure relief outlet 14. The water in the valve seat 11 flows through the pressure relief outlet 1 4 is discharged to complete the pressure reduction operation in the pressure test pipeline. When the water pressure in the pressure test pipeline is lower than the water pressure bearing capacity of the pressure test pipeline, the water in the pilot valve core opening assembly no longer flows, the valve core assembly moves down and resets, and the pressure relief outlet 14 is blocked. The pressure regulating assembly is opened to change the water pressure required for the water to flow in the pilot valve core opening assembly. When the water pressure that the pressure test pipeline can withstand is large, the pressure regulating assembly is opened to increase the water pressure required for the water to flow in the pilot valve core opening assembly. When the water pressure that the pressure test pipeline can withstand is small, the pressure regulating assembly is opened to reduce the water pressure required for the water to flow in the pilot valve core opening assembly. After the pressure test is completed, the pressure in the valve seat 11 is relieved with the help of the manual pressure relief mechanism 3 to discharge the water in the pressure test pipeline and the valve seat 11.

[0049] For example 2, please refer to Figures 1 to 13 This embodiment provides a technical solution: a mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure testing equipment. The structure of this embodiment is roughly the same as that of the first embodiment, except that: It also includes a water flow impact buffer mechanism 7, which includes a buffer cylinder 71, a buffer through hole 75 and a water flow buffer component. The buffer through holes 75 are respectively opened on the front and back sides of the left end of the water flow pipe 61. The buffer through holes 75 are specifically opened on the front and back sides of the left end of the rectangular pipe body 611. The two buffer through holes 75 are respectively fixedly connected to the two buffer cylinders 71, and the water flow buffer components are respectively installed in the two buffer cylinders 71.

[0050] The water flow buffer assembly includes a buffer piston 72, a buffer spring 73, and a piston column 74. The piston column 74 is slidably connected to the middle part of the end of the buffer cylinder 71 away from the water flow pipe 61. The end of the piston column 74 located in the buffer cylinder 71 is fixedly connected to the buffer piston 72, and the column section of the piston column 74 located in the buffer cylinder 71 is sleeved with a buffer spring 73. When the water pressure at the left end of the water flow pipe 61 and the pressure test pipe increases, the buffer piston 72 is forced to compress the buffer spring 73, and the water pressure is buffered by the deformation of the buffer spring 73, which can weaken the instantaneous increase in water pressure at the left end of the water flow pipe 61 and the pressure test pipe, thereby realizing instantaneous overpressure protection for the well control pressure test equipment.

[0051] Specifically, a piston sealing ring is provided on the outer peripheral side of the buffer piston 72, and a sealing ring may also be provided at the sliding connection between the buffer cylinder 71 and the piston column 74 as needed.

[0052] Due to the slow flow effect of the arc-shaped slow flow channel 62 in the water inflow valve control mechanism 6, the instantaneous pressure inside the test pressure pipeline may be too high. Therefore, a water flow impact buffer mechanism 7 is set. When the instantaneous pressure inside the test pressure pipeline is too high, water enters the buffer cylinder 71 through the buffer through hole 75. The water flow buffer component can buffer the instantaneous increase in water pressure inside the test pressure pipeline.

[0053] For example 3, please refer to Figures 1 to 13 This embodiment provides a technical solution: a mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure testing equipment. The structure of this embodiment is roughly the same as that of the second embodiment, except that: It also includes a booster pump emergency stop mechanism 5, which includes an inclined groove 51, a square rod 52, a pressure block 53, a bent frame 54 and a booster pump emergency stop switch 55. An inclined groove 51 is provided on the left side of the top of the transverse piston 25, and the bottom of the inclined groove 51 is inclinedly arranged with the left side lower and the right side higher. A square hole is provided at the top of the valve cover 16 corresponding to the left end of the inclined groove 51, and a square rod 52 is vertically slidably connected in the square hole. The bottom of the square rod 52 is provided with an inclined surface that matches the bottom of the inclined groove 51, and a pressure block 53 is installed on the top of the square rod 52. A bent frame 54 is provided on the top of the valve cover 16, and a booster pump emergency stop switch 55 is installed on the bent frame 54 by screws. The booster pump emergency stop switch 55 is located directly above the pressure block 53. During the pressure test, when the pressure is too high and pressure relief begins, the transverse piston 25 moves to the left in the transverse through hole 21, and the bottom of the inclined groove 51 on the transverse piston 25 rubs against the bottom inclined surface of the square rod 52, and the square rod 52 is guided to move upward with the help of the inclined surface. The square rod 52 presses the pressure pump emergency stop switch 55 on the bent frame 54 through the pressure block 53 at the top, which can turn off the pressure pump in the well control pressure test equipment and stop pressurization to avoid waste of electricity and water. When the pressure relief is completed, the transverse piston 25 moves to the right in the transverse through hole 21 and resets, and the square rod 52 and the pressure block 53 move down again due to gravity and leave the pressure pump emergency stop switch 55.

[0054] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0055] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A mechanical overpressure protection device for a well control pressure test device, comprising an overpressure relief mechanism (1), wherein the overpressure relief mechanism (1) comprises a valve seat (11) and a valve cover (16), a water pressure rectangular inlet (15) is arranged in the middle of the left side of the valve seat (11), a valve cover (16) is mounted on the top of the valve seat (11), a pressure relief outlet (14) is arranged at the bottom of the valve seat (11), and a valve core assembly is mounted inside the valve seat (11), characterized in that: Also includes: The pilot pressure relief control mechanism (2) comprises a pilot valve core opening assembly and an opening pressure regulating assembly, the pilot valve core opening assembly being mounted on the valve cover (16) and the valve core assembly, and the pilot valve core opening assembly being connected to the opening pressure regulating assembly; A manual pressure relief mechanism (3) is mounted on the valve seat (11) and the valve cover (16); The water inflow valve control mechanism (6) is installed at a position on the left side of the valve seat (11) corresponding to the water pressure rectangular inlet (15).

2. The mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure testing equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The valve core assembly comprises a valve plug (111), an annular piston (110) is vertically slidably connected to the top of the valve seat (11), a vertical valve core column (19) is arranged in the middle of the annular piston (110), a valve plug (111) which cooperates with the pressure relief outlet (14) is arranged at the bottom of the valve core column (19), a vertical sliding sleeve (17) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the valve cover (16), the top of the valve core column (19) is slidably connected to the inner side of the sliding sleeve (17), and the top of the valve core column (19) is connected to the bottom of the valve cover (16) via a vertical pressure relief spring (18).

3. The mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure testing equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The pilot valve core opening component comprises a transverse through hole (21), the valve cover (16) is provided with a transverse through hole (21), the valve cover (16) is provided with a top hole (211) at the center, and the valve cover (16) is provided with a vertical channel (212) at a position located on the right side of the top hole (211), the two ends of the vertical channel (212) are respectively connected to the transverse through hole (21) and the top of the valve seat (11), and a control plug (23) is provided at a position between the top hole (211) and the vertical channel (212) in the transverse through hole (21), and the control plug (23) A plug hole (24) is provided in the middle of the transverse through hole (21), a transverse piston (25) is slidably connected to the left side of the transverse through hole (21), the middle of the right end of the transverse piston (25) is connected to a cone block (213) through a transverse column (210), the cone block (213) and the left end of the plug hole (24) cooperate with each other, an opening pressure regulating assembly is installed on the left side of the transverse piston (25), the core channel (215) is provided in the middle of the valve core column (19) and the valve plug (111), and a damping hole (214) is provided on the annular piston (110).

4. The mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure testing equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The manual pressure relief mechanism (3) comprises a valve shaft (33), the bottom of the annular piston (110) is fixedly connected to a conical sleeve (37), the bottom of the damping hole (214) is located on the inner side of the conical sleeve (37), a valve cover channel (31) is opened on the right side of the valve cover (16), the top of the valve cover channel (31) is connected to the vertical channel (212), a valve seat channel (32) is opened on the right side of the valve seat (11), the top of the valve seat channel (32) is connected to the bottom of the valve cover channel (31), and the bottom of the valve seat channel (32) is connected to the pressure relief outlet. The valve seat (11) is connected to a valve opening (14), a transverse valve shaft cavity is provided in the middle of the right side of the valve seat (11), a valve shaft (33) is rotatably connected in the valve shaft cavity, a valve shaft hole (34) is provided in the valve shaft (33) at a position corresponding to the valve seat passage (32), the left end of the valve shaft (33) is fixedly connected to the right end of a rotating shaft (35), the left end of the rotating shaft (35) extends into the valve seat (11) and is fixedly connected to a cam (36), the cam (36) is located below the right side edge of the conical sleeve (37), and the right end of the valve shaft (33) is connected to a valve shaft locking assembly.

5. The mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure testing equipment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The valve shaft locking assembly comprises a boss (38), the boss (38) is arranged on the right side of the valve seat (11), an annular guide groove (39) is provided on the right side of the boss (38), three locking grooves (313) are respectively provided at the rear end, the top end and the front end of the outer circumference of the annular guide groove (39), the right end of the valve shaft (33) is connected to the right end of the locking rod (310) through the telescopic rod (311), the left end of the locking rod (310) extends into the annular guide groove (39), and a locking spring (312) is sleeved on the telescopic rod (311).

6. The mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure testing equipment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: It also includes a damping pore anti-blocking mechanism (4), the damping pore anti-blocking mechanism (4) including a cylindrical filter screen (41) and a filter screen scraping and cleaning assembly, the inner circumference of the top of the conical sleeve (37) is fixedly connected to the top edge of the cylindrical filter screen (41), the valve core column (19) passes through the circular hole at the bottom of the cylindrical filter screen (41), and the filter screen scraping and cleaning assembly is installed at the bottom of the valve core column (19).

7. The mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure testing equipment according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The water inflow valve control mechanism (6) comprises a water flow pipe (61), the left side of the valve seat (11) corresponding to the position of the water pressure rectangular inlet (15) is fixedly connected to the right end of the water flow pipe (61), a plurality of arc-shaped slow flow channels (62) are arranged at equal distances on the front and rear sides of the water flow pipe (61), the two ends of the arc-shaped slow flow channels (62) are respectively connected to the inside of the water flow pipe (61), and a slow flow channel opening and closing control component is installed in the water flow pipe (61).

8. The mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure testing equipment according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The slow-flow channel opening and closing control component comprises a rectangular sliding pipe (63), the rectangular sliding pipe (63) is slidably connected in the water flow pipe (61) in a transverse direction, and rectangular through holes (64) corresponding to the two ends of the arc-shaped slow-flow channel (62) are respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the rectangular sliding pipe (63), and a guide protrusion (65) is provided at the top of the right end of the rectangular sliding pipe (63), and the right end of the guide protrusion (65) is in frictional contact with the outer left end of the conical sleeve (37), and a transverse sliding groove (68) is provided at the top of the water flow pipe (61), and a return spring (69) is provided at the left end of the transverse sliding groove (68), and a convex block (67) is provided at the position of the top of the rectangular sliding pipe (63) corresponding to the transverse sliding groove (68), and the convex block (67) is connected to the right end of the return spring (69), and a guide inclined plate (66) is provided on the front side of the right end of the rectangular sliding pipe (63).

9. The mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure testing equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also comprises a water flow impact buffer mechanism (7), the water flow impact buffer mechanism (7) comprising a buffer cylinder (71), buffer through holes (75) are respectively provided at the front and rear sides of the left end of the water flow pipe (61), the two buffer through holes (75) are respectively fixedly connected to the two buffer cylinders (71), and the two buffer cylinders (71) are respectively installed with water flow buffer components.

10. The mechanical overpressure protection device for well control pressure testing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a booster pump emergency stop mechanism (5), wherein the booster pump emergency stop mechanism (5) comprises a square rod (52), an inclined groove (51) is provided on the left side of the top of the transverse piston (25), the bottom of the inclined groove (51) is tilted so that it is lower on the left and higher on the right, a square hole is provided on the top of the valve cover (16) at a position corresponding to the left end of the inclined groove (51), a square rod (52) is vertically slidably connected in the square hole, an inclined surface matching the bottom of the inclined groove (51) is provided on the bottom of the square rod (52), a pressure block (53) is installed on the top of the square rod (52), a bent frame (54) is provided on the top of the valve cover (16), a booster pump emergency stop switch (55) is installed on the bent frame (54), and the booster pump emergency stop switch (55) is located directly above the pressure block (53).

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