Relief device and hydrogen storage equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen release, and discloses a release device and hydrogen storage equipment, the release device comprises a release body, a combustion suppression part and a blasting part, a pressure release channel is arranged in the release body, the release body is further provided with a first opening and a second opening which communicate with the pressure release channel, the combustion suppression part is arranged in the pressure release channel, and the blasting part is arranged in the first opening. A combustion suppression gas is stored in the combustion suppression part, the blasting part is fixedly arranged in the pressure relief channel, located between the first opening and the combustion suppression part and used for blocking the pressure relief channel, and at least part of the blasting part is constructed to be opened when the pressure applied to the blasting part by the hydrogen to be released is larger than a preset value. The opened part of the blasting piece is suitable for puncturing the combustion suppression piece to enable the combustion suppression gas to flow out, and the combustion suppression piece is discharged through the second opening and the discharge pipeline in sequence under the action of discharged hydrogen. Therefore, the risk of spontaneous combustion caused by hydrogen discharge is effectively inhibited, and the safety of surrounding personnel and equipment is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydrogen discharge, and in particular to a discharge device and a hydrogen storage device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development and utilization of hydrogen energy, high-pressure hydrogen storage technology has become the mainstream hydrogen storage method. Considering the overpressure risks that high-pressure hydrogen storage and transportation equipment may face during service and the dangerous characteristics of hydrogen itself, which is flammable, explosive and easy to leak, it is usually necessary to install appropriate overpressure relief devices to ensure that the high-pressure hydrogen in the overpressure container can be quickly discharged from the designated location.

[0003] In the related art, the bursting disc safety device (bursting piece) is a simple, low-cost, and well-sealed overpressure relief device, which is usually used in hydrogen storage or transportation equipment such as hydrogen long tube trailers. The discharge side of the bursting disc is connected to the discharge pipeline. When the bursting disc explodes and releases hydrogen, if the initial pressure of the released hydrogen exceeds a certain critical value, the released hydrogen is prone to spontaneous combustion in the discharge pipeline downstream of the bursting disc. When the flame spreads to the pipe mouth, it may develop into an external spray flame, thereby seriously endangering the safety of surrounding personnel and equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a release device and a hydrogen storage device, which effectively suppress the risk of spontaneous combustion of hydrogen release, and are beneficial to ensuring the safety of surrounding personnel and equipment.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted in this application include: In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a discharge device, comprising: A discharge body, wherein a pressure relief passage is provided in the discharge body, and the discharge body further comprises a first opening and a second opening both communicating with the pressure relief passage, wherein the first opening is used to communicate with the pressure relief outlet of the hydrogen storage device, and the second opening is used to communicate with the discharge pipe of the hydrogen storage device; A flame suppression component is arranged in the pressure relief channel and contains flame suppression gas; The explosive component is fixedly arranged in the pressure relief channel, the explosive component is located between the first opening and the flame retardant component, the explosive component is used to block the pressure relief channel, at least part of the explosive component is constructed to open when the pressure exerted on the explosive component by the hydrogen to be released is greater than a preset value, the opened part of the explosive component is suitable for puncturing the flame retardant component to allow the flame retardant gas to flow out, and the flame retardant component is discharged in turn through the second opening and the discharge pipe under the action of the released hydrogen.

[0006] According to the discharge device proposed in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, when the pressure of the hydrogen to be discharged is too high, the explosive component is at least partially opened under the pressure of the hydrogen to be discharged, and the opened part of the explosive component can pierce the flame retardant component, so that the flame retardant gas in the flame retardant component is quickly released and mixed with the discharged hydrogen. After the flame retardant component is pierced, the flame retardant component can be discharged in sequence through the second opening and the discharge pipe under the action of the discharged hydrogen. While ensuring the normal high-pressure discharge, it can also effectively suppress the spontaneous combustion of hydrogen discharge, which is beneficial to ensuring the safety of surrounding personnel and equipment.

[0007] Optionally, the discharge body includes a first connection member, a second connection member and a third connection member, the first connection member has a first pressure relief sub-channel and a first opening communicating with the first pressure relief sub-channel, the second connection member has a second pressure relief sub-channel, the first connection member is fixedly connected to the second connection member, and the first pressure relief sub-channel is communicated with the second pressure relief sub-channel, the third connection member has a third pressure relief sub-channel and a second opening communicating with the third pressure relief sub-channel, the second connection member is fixedly connected to the third connection member, and the second pressure relief sub-channel is communicated with the third pressure relief sub-channel; The flame suppression component is arranged in the second pressure relief sub-channel, and the explosion component is fixedly arranged in the first pressure relief sub-channel and is used for blocking the first pressure relief sub-channel.

[0008] Optionally, the first pressure relief sub-channel comprises a first through hole and a second through hole which are connected in sequence, the first through hole is connected to the first opening, wherein the inner diameter of the second through hole is larger than the inner diameter of the first through hole to form a first step surface together; The second pressure relief sub-channel includes a third through hole and a fourth through hole which are connected in sequence, the third through hole is connected to the second through hole, and the fourth through hole is connected to the third pressure relief sub-channel, wherein the inner diameter of the third through hole is greater than the inner diameter of the fourth through hole to form a second step surface together; The explosion component is sandwiched between the first step surface and the second step surface, and at least a part of the flame suppression component is arranged in the fourth through hole.

[0009] Optionally, the flame suppressant comprises a connected smooth head and a main body, the main body is arranged in the fourth through hole, at least part of the smooth head is arranged in the third through hole, and the opened part of the explosion part is suitable for piercing the smooth head to allow the flame suppressant gas to flow out.

[0010] Optionally, the flame retardant also includes an outwardly protruding bottom, which is located on the side of the main body away from the smooth head, and the end of the fourth through hole close to the third connecting piece has a first rounded portion, the outwardly protruding bottom has a second rounded portion matching the first rounded portion, and the outwardly protruding bottom is arranged between the first rounded portion and the third connecting piece.

[0011] Optionally, the flame suppression element is configured as a flame suppression bag.

[0012] Optionally, the bursting piece is configured as a cross-groove bursting disc.

[0013] Optionally, it further includes: a gasket and a pressure ring, the bursting piece is clamped between the gasket and the pressure ring, the gasket abuts against the first step surface, and the pressure ring abuts against the second step surface.

[0014] Optionally, along the first direction, the suppression component is spaced apart from the explosion component.

[0015] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a hydrogen storage device, including the discharge device in the embodiment of the first aspect.

[0016] The hydrogen storage device proposed in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application is that when the pressure of the hydrogen to be released is too high, the bursting component is at least partially opened under the pressure of the hydrogen to be released, and the opened part of the bursting component can pierce the flame retardant component, so that the flame retardant gas in the flame retardant component is quickly released and mixed with the released hydrogen. After the flame retardant component is pierced, the flame retardant component can be discharged in sequence through the second opening and the discharge pipe under the action of the released hydrogen. While ensuring the normal high-pressure discharge, it can also effectively suppress the spontaneous combustion of hydrogen discharge, which is beneficial to ensuring the safety of surrounding personnel and equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a discharge device provided in an embodiment of the present application when not in operation; Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of a discharge device provided by an embodiment of the present application when not in operation; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a second connecting member provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a flame suppression component provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 Another partial enlarged view of a discharge device provided by an embodiment of the present application when not in operation; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an unopened blasting component provided by one embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a discharge device provided in one embodiment of the present application during operation; Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of a discharge device provided by one embodiment of the present application during operation; Fig. 9A schematic diagram of the discharge of a flame suppression component during operation of a discharge device provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0019] [Description of Reference Numerals] Discharge device 100; Discharge body 1; pressure relief channel 11; first opening 12; second opening 13; first connecting piece 14; first pressure relief sub-channel 141; first through hole 1411; second through hole 1412; first step surface 1413; second connecting piece 15; second pressure relief sub-channel 151; third through hole 1511; fourth through hole 1512; first rounded portion 15121; second step surface 1513; third connecting piece 16; third pressure relief sub-channel 161; Flame suppressant 2; smooth head 21; breach 211; main body 22; convex bottom 23; second rounded portion 231; Explosive component 3; Explosive component body 31; Puncture portion 32; Gasket 4; Pressure ring 5; Flame retardant gas 6; The first direction X. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field of this application; the terms used in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order or a primary and secondary relationship.

[0022] Reference to "embodiments" in this application means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments.

[0023] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", and "attached" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0024] The term "and / or" in this application is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this application generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0025] The term "multiple" as used in the present application refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple sheets" refers to more than two sheets (including two sheets).

[0026] Economical and safe hydrogen storage and transportation technology is a prerequisite for the large-scale development of the hydrogen energy industry, and high-pressure hydrogen storage technology has become the current mainstream hydrogen storage method due to its advantages such as fast charging and discharging speed, simple equipment structure, and low energy consumption for compressed hydrogen preparation.

[0027] Considering the overpressure risk that high-pressure hydrogen storage and transportation equipment may face during service, as well as the dangerous characteristics of hydrogen itself, which is flammable, explosive, and easy to leak, it is usually necessary to install a suitable overpressure relief device to ensure that the high-pressure hydrogen in the overpressure container can be quickly discharged from the designated location. The bursting disc safety device is an overpressure relief device with a simple structure, low price, and good sealing performance. It is usually used in equipment such as hydrogen long-tube trailers. my country's TSG ZF003-2011 "Technical Supervision Regulations for Safety of Bursting Disc Devices" and other standards and regulations require that a discharge pipe should be installed on the discharge side of the bursting disc device of the pressure-bearing equipment containing flammable and explosive media, and the media should be discharged to a safe place.

[0028] According to the diffusion ignition theory, a shock wave may form in front of the high-pressure hydrogen that is suddenly released through the bursting disc. When the initial pressure of the released hydrogen exceeds a certain critical value, the air in the discharge pipe heated by the shock wave mixes rapidly with the hydrogen jet. When the mixture reaches the ignition temperature and combustible concentration, after a period of ignition delay, it can spontaneously combust in the discharge pipe without any ignition source. If the flame spreads to the pipe mouth, it may develop into a jet fire outside the pipe, seriously endangering the safety of surrounding personnel and equipment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a self-ignition suppression device that can be used in conjunction with explosive parts such as hydrogen bursting discs.

[0029] In related technologies, the activation of the self-ignition suppression device for high-pressure hydrogen release in pipelines mostly relies on numerical control technology. The sensor collects the release signal to control the opening and closing of the suppression device, which requires the monitoring system to be kept online for a long time and the sensitivity of the sensor. The self-ignition suppression device in some laboratory scenarios must use a discharge pipeline with a complex structure. However, the complex shape of the pipeline may promote the occurrence of spontaneous combustion.

[0030] Based on this, the present application proposes a discharge device 100. When the pressure of the hydrogen to be discharged is too high, the blasting component 3 is at least partially opened under the pressure of the hydrogen to be discharged, and the opened part of the blasting component 3 can pierce the flame retardant component 2, so that the flame retardant gas 6 in the flame retardant component 2 is quickly released and mixed into the discharged hydrogen. After the flame retardant component 2 is pierced, the flame retardant component 2 can be discharged in sequence through the second opening 13 and the discharge pipe under the action of the discharged hydrogen. While ensuring the normal high-pressure discharge, it can also effectively suppress the spontaneous combustion of hydrogen discharge, which is beneficial to ensuring the safety of surrounding personnel and equipment. At the same time, the entire discharge process of suppressing the spontaneous combustion of hydrogen does not need to rely on complex monitoring systems and sensors, but can be achieved only by relying on the action characteristics of the blasting component 3 itself. The action is accurate and rapid, economical and convenient, and the structure is simple and the reliability is high.

[0031] The discharge device 100 and the hydrogen storage device proposed in the embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] like Figure 1-Figure 9 As shown, the discharge device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present application includes: a discharge body 1, a flame suppression component 2 and an explosion component 3.

[0033] Among them, a pressure relief channel 11 is provided in the discharge body 1, and the discharge body 1 also has a first opening 12 and a second opening 13 which are connected to the pressure relief channel 11, wherein the first opening 12 is used to communicate with the pressure relief outlet of the hydrogen storage equipment, and the second opening 13 is used to communicate with the discharge pipe of the hydrogen storage equipment. The flame suppressant 2 is arranged in the pressure relief channel 11, and the flame suppressant 2 stores a flame suppressant gas 6. The explosive component 3 is fixed in the pressure relief channel 11, and the explosive component 3 is located between the first opening 12 and the flame suppressant 2. The explosive component 3 is used to block the pressure relief channel 11. At least a part of the explosive component 3 is constructed to open when the pressure applied to the explosive component 3 by the hydrogen to be discharged is greater than a preset value. The opened part of the explosive component 3 is suitable for puncturing the flame suppressant 2 to allow the flame suppressant gas 6 to flow out, and the flame suppressant 2 is discharged through the second opening 13 and the discharge pipe in sequence under the action of the released hydrogen.

[0034] Specifically, the discharge body 1 serves as the main structure of the discharge device 100, and a pressure relief channel 11 for hydrogen discharge is provided therein. Furthermore, the discharge body 1 also has a first opening 12 and a second opening 13 both connected to the pressure relief channel 11, wherein the first opening 12 serves as a port connected to the pressure relief outlet of the hydrogen storage device. For example, the first opening 12 can be set to an internal thread structure, and the pressure relief outlet of the hydrogen storage device is threadedly connected to the first opening 12 to improve the connection performance and sealing performance of the first opening 12 and the pressure relief outlet of the hydrogen storage device. Similarly, the second opening 13, as a port connected to the discharge pipe of the hydrogen storage device, can also be set to an internal thread structure to make it compatible with the interface type of the discharge pipe of the hydrogen storage device, which will not be repeated here.

[0035] Before the explosive component 3 is fixedly installed in the pressure relief channel 11, since the first opening 12 and the second opening 13 are both connected to the pressure relief channel 11, the first opening 12 and the second opening 13 of the discharge body 1 are connected through the pressure relief channel 11. When the explosive component 3 is fixedly installed in the pressure relief channel 11, since the explosive component 3 can block the pressure relief channel 11, the first opening 12 and the second opening 13 of the discharge body 1 are separated by the explosive component 3.

[0036] It should be noted that studies have shown that combustion suppressant gases 6 (such as carbon dioxide) have a higher specific heat capacity and can therefore reduce the temperature of the hydrogen-oxygen reactants. In addition, carbon dioxide can dilute the concentration of the hydrogen-oxygen reactants and compete with oxygen for hydrogen radicals, thereby helping to reduce the hydrogen-oxygen combustion reaction rate.

[0037] Based on this, in order to suppress the risk of spontaneous combustion of hydrogen gas release, the present application provides a flame suppressant 2 in the pressure relief channel 11, in which the flame suppressant 2 pre-stores the flame suppressant gas 6, and the flame suppressant 2 is arranged between the bursting piece 3 and the second opening 13, wherein at least a portion of the bursting piece 3 is constructed to open when the pressure of the hydrogen gas to be released exerted on the bursting piece 3 is greater than a preset value, and the opened portion of the bursting piece 3 can pierce the flame suppressant 2 to allow the flame suppressant gas 6 in the flame suppressant 2 to flow out. For example, the bursting piece 3 can be constructed as a specific metal sheet material, and the bursting piece 3 can be used to block the pressure relief channel 11 before it is broken open. Through a specific thickness and structural design, when the pressure of the hydrogen gas to be released exerted on the bursting piece 3 is greater than the preset value required by the portion of the bursting piece 3 that can be opened, the portion of the bursting piece 3 that can be opened opens under the pressure of the hydrogen gas to be released, and the structure of the bursting piece 3 that is broken and opened can pierce the flame suppressant 2 to allow the flame suppressant gas 6 in the bursting piece 2 to flow out. It flows out from the flame suppressant 2 and is quickly released, so that the flame suppressant gas 6 is mixed with the released hydrogen, and after the flame suppressant 2 is punctured, the flame suppressant 2 can be discharged in sequence through the second opening 13 and the discharge pipe under the action of the released hydrogen. That is to say, the flame suppressant 2 is not fixed in the pressure relief channel 11 in the punctured state, or it can be understood that the flame suppressant 2 is fixedly installed in the pressure relief channel 11 before puncture, and when the flame suppressant 2 is punctured, it is no longer fixedly connected to the pressure relief channel 11, thereby ensuring the normal high-pressure discharge and meeting the discharge demand of high-pressure hydrogen. At the same time, because when the flame suppressant gas 6 is mixed with the released hydrogen, the flame suppressant gas 6 increases the critical value of the initial pressure of the released hydrogen when spontaneous combustion occurs, delays the occurrence time of spontaneous combustion, reduces the average flame speed and flame intensity, reduces the duration of the spontaneous combustion flame, etc., thereby effectively suppressing the risk of hydrogen discharge and spontaneous combustion, which is beneficial to ensuring the safety of surrounding personnel and equipment.

[0038] Furthermore, the entire release process of suppressing hydrogen spontaneous combustion does not need to rely on complex monitoring systems and sensors, but can be achieved only by relying on the action characteristics of the explosive component 3 itself. The action is accurate and rapid, economical and convenient, and there is no need to design a more complicated release structure. The pressure relief channel 11 in the release body 1 has a relatively simple structure and will not promote the occurrence of spontaneous combustion, thereby ensuring the reliability of the release device 100.

[0039] According to the discharge device 100 proposed in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, when the pressure of the hydrogen to be discharged is too high, the blasting component 3 is at least partially opened under the pressure of the hydrogen to be discharged, and the opened part of the blasting component 3 can pierce the flame retardant component 2, so that the flame retardant gas 6 in the flame retardant component 2 is quickly released and mixed into the discharged hydrogen. After the flame retardant component 2 is pierced, the flame retardant component 2 can be discharged through the second opening 13 and the discharge pipe in sequence under the action of the discharged hydrogen. While ensuring the normal high-pressure discharge, it can also effectively suppress the spontaneous combustion of hydrogen discharge, which is beneficial to ensuring the safety of surrounding personnel and equipment. At the same time, the entire discharge process of suppressing the spontaneous combustion of hydrogen does not need to rely on complex monitoring systems and sensors, but can be achieved only by relying on the action characteristics of the blasting component 3 itself. The action is accurate and rapid, economical and convenient, and the structure is simple and the reliability is high.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 As shown, the discharge body 1 includes a first connecting piece 14, a second connecting piece 15 and a third connecting piece 16, the first connecting piece 14 has a first pressure relief sub-channel 141 and a first opening 12 connected to the first pressure relief sub-channel 141, the second connecting piece 15 has a second pressure relief sub-channel 151, the first connecting piece 14 is fixedly connected to the second connecting piece 15, and the first pressure relief sub-channel 141 is connected to the second pressure relief sub-channel 151, the third connecting piece 16 has a third pressure relief sub-channel 161 and a second opening 13 connected to the third pressure relief sub-channel 161, the second connecting piece 15 is fixedly connected to the third connecting piece 16, and the second pressure relief sub-channel 151 is connected to the third pressure relief sub-channel 161, the flame suppression piece 2 is arranged in the second pressure relief sub-channel 151, and the explosion piece 3 is fixedly arranged in the first pressure relief sub-channel 141 and is used to block the first pressure relief sub-channel 141.

[0041] Specifically, the discharge body 1 is composed of a first connecting member 14, a second connecting member 15 and a third connecting member 16 connected in sequence, and the connection method is not limited to threaded connection, for example, Figure 1 As shown, the left and right ends of the second connecting member 15 are provided with internal threads, the right end of the first connecting member 14 is provided with external threads, and the left end of the third connecting member 16 is provided with external threads, wherein the internal threads at the left end of the second connecting member 15 are connected to the external threads at the right end of the first connecting member 14, and the internal threads at the right end of the second connecting member 15 are connected to the external threads at the left end of the third connecting member 16.

[0042] Optionally, the shapes of the first connecting piece 14, the second connecting piece 15 and the third connecting piece 16 can be constructed as a hexagonal prism for easy clamping. Furthermore, the first connecting piece 14 has a first pressure relief sub-channel 141, the second connecting piece 15 has a second pressure relief sub-channel 151, and the third connecting piece 16 has a third pressure relief sub-channel 161. Before the bursting piece 3 is fixedly installed on the first pressure relief sub-channel 141, when the first connecting piece 14, the second connecting piece 15, and the third connecting piece 16 are connected in sequence, the first pressure relief sub-channel 141, the second pressure relief sub-channel 151, and the third pressure relief sub-channel 161 are connected in sequence, that is, the first pressure relief sub-channel 141, the second pressure relief sub-channel 151, and the third pressure relief sub-channel 161 jointly form the pressure relief channel 11 of the above-mentioned discharge body 1.

[0043] Furthermore, the first connecting member 14 has a first opening 12, and the third connecting member 16 has a second opening 13, that is, the first connecting member 14 is connected to the pressure relief outlet of the hydrogen storage device through the first opening 12, and the third connecting member 16 is connected to the discharge pipe of the hydrogen storage device through the second opening 13. For example, the first opening 12 can be set as an internal thread structure, and the pressure relief outlet of the hydrogen storage device is threadedly connected to the first opening 12. Similarly, the second opening 13 can also be set as an internal thread structure to make it compatible with the interface type of the discharge pipe of the hydrogen storage device, and the first opening 12 and the pressure relief outlet of the hydrogen storage device and the second opening 13 and the discharge pipe of the hydrogen storage device can be sealed by conical sealing. In this way, hydrogen leakage under normal circumstances can be further prevented.

[0044] When the explosive component 3 is fixedly installed in the first pressure relief sub-channel 141, the installation method includes but is not limited to clamping. Since the explosive component 3 blocks the first pressure relief sub-channel 141, the first opening 12 and the second opening 13 of the discharge body 1 are separated by the explosive component 3. It can be understood that when the pressure of the hydrogen to be released applied to the explosive component 3 is greater than the preset value required for the part that the explosive component 3 can open, the part that the explosive component 3 can open opens under the pressure of the hydrogen to be released. It should be noted that although the explosive component 3 and the flame retardant 2 are arranged in different connecting parts, the distance between the two is not far, which ensures that the structure of the ruptured and opened explosive component 3 can pierce the flame retardant 2, so that the flame retardant gas 6 flows out of the flame retardant 2 and is quickly released and mixed into the released hydrogen, thereby suppressing the spontaneous combustion of hydrogen release.

[0045] At the same time, the discharge body 1 is divided into a detachable first connecting member 14, a second connecting member 15 and a third connecting member 16, and the first connecting member 14, the second connecting member 15 and the third connecting member 16 are connected to each other by threads, which not only facilitates the disassembly, maintenance and replacement of the flame retardant 2, but also does not affect the normal operation of the upstream hydrogen storage equipment when disassembling the structure downstream of the blasting member 3.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first pressure relief sub-channel 141 includes a first through hole 1411 and a second through hole 1412 connected in sequence, the first through hole 1411 is connected to the first opening 12, wherein the inner diameter of the second through hole 1412 is larger than the inner diameter of the first through hole 1411 to jointly form a first step surface 1413, the second pressure relief sub-channel 151 includes a third through hole 1511 and a fourth through hole 1512 connected in sequence, the third through hole 1511 is connected to the second through hole 1412, and the fourth through hole 1512 is connected to the third pressure relief sub-channel 161, wherein the inner diameter of the third through hole 1511 is larger than the inner diameter of the fourth through hole 1512 to jointly form a second step surface 1513, the blasting component 3 is sandwiched between the first step surface 1413 and the second step surface 1513, and at least a portion of the flame retardant component 2 is arranged in the fourth through hole 1512.

[0047] Specifically, before the bursting component 3 is fixedly installed in the second through hole 1412, when the first connecting member 14, the second connecting member 15, and the third connecting member 16 are connected in sequence, the first opening 12, the first through hole 1411, the second through hole 1412, the third through hole 1511, the fourth through hole 1512, the third pressure relief sub-channel 161, and the second opening 13 are connected in sequence, that is, the first through hole 1411, the second through hole 1412, the third through hole 1511, the fourth through hole 1512, and the third pressure relief sub-channel 161 jointly form the pressure relief channel 11 of the above-mentioned relief body 1.

[0048] Furthermore, since the inner diameter of the second through hole 1412 is greater than the inner diameter of the first through hole 1411, a first step surface 1413 can be formed at the connection between the first through hole 1411 and the second through hole 1412, and since the inner diameter of the third through hole 1511 is greater than the inner diameter of the fourth through hole 1512, a second step surface 1513 can be formed at the connection between the third through hole 1511 and the fourth through hole 1512. When the blasting component 3 is fixedly installed, the blasting component 3 is sandwiched between the first step surface 1413 and the second step surface 1513. At the same time, the explosive component 3 is located in the second through hole 1412, and at least a part of the flame retardant 2 is arranged in the fourth through hole 1512. It can be understood that when the pressure of the hydrogen to be discharged applied to the explosive component 3 is greater than the preset value required for the part that the explosive component 3 can open, the part that the explosive component 3 can open opens under the pressure of the hydrogen to be discharged, and the structure of the explosive component 3 that is broken and opened can pierce the flame retardant 2, so that the flame retardant gas 6 flows out of the flame retardant 2 and is quickly released and mixed into the discharged hydrogen, thereby suppressing the spontaneous combustion of the hydrogen discharge.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the flame suppressant 2 includes a connected smooth head 21 and a main body 22, the main body 22 is arranged in the fourth through hole 1512, at least a part of the smooth head 21 is arranged in the third through hole 1511, and the opened part of the blasting part 3 is suitable for piercing the smooth head 21 to allow the flame suppressant gas 6 to flow out.

[0050] Specifically, if Figure 4 As shown, the flame suppressant 2 includes a smooth head 21 and a main body 22. It can be understood that the smooth head 21 and the main body 22 are connected to each other and are filled with the flame suppressant gas 6. The main body 22 of the flame suppressant 2 is arranged in the fourth through hole 1512, and at least part of the smooth head 21 is arranged in the third through hole 1511. For example, the smooth head 21 can be partially located in the third through hole 1511, partially located in the fourth through hole 1512, or completely located in the third through hole 1511. When the part of the explosion part 3 that can be opened is opened under the pressure of the hydrogen to be released, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the ruptured structure of the explosion component 3 can pierce the smooth head 21 of the flame suppressant 2, so that the flame suppressant gas 6 flows out from the rupture 211 of the smooth head 21 and is quickly released and mixed into the released hydrogen, and the piercing method is more convenient.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the flame retardant 2 also includes an outwardly protruding bottom 23, which is located on the side of the main body 22 away from the smooth head 21, and the end of the fourth through hole 1512 close to the third connecting member 16 has a first chamfered portion 15121, and the outwardly protruding bottom 23 has a second chamfered portion 231 matching the first chamfered portion 15121, and the outwardly protruding bottom 23 is arranged between the first chamfered portion 15121 and the third connecting member 16.

[0052] Specifically, if Figure 4 As shown, the convex bottom 23 of the flame extinguisher 2 is located on the side of the main body 22 away from the smooth head 21, the outer portion of the convex bottom 23 is a flange, and a gas injection port is provided at the right end of the convex bottom 23. It can be understood that the flame extinguisher 2 can be placed in the pressure relief channel 11 and then the flame extinguishing gas 6 is injected, or the flame extinguishing gas 6 can be injected into the gas injection port of the flame extinguisher 2 and then placed in the pressure relief channel 11. Furthermore, the fourth through hole 1512 has a first chamfered portion 15121 at one end close to the third connecting member 16, and the convex bottom 23 has a second chamfered portion 231 matching the first chamfered portion 15121. The first chamfered portion 15121 is used to assist the assembly of the flame extinguisher 2, and the first chamfered portion 15121 is designed to be arc-shaped so as not to scratch the flame extinguisher 2.

[0053] Furthermore, if Figure 5As shown, there is a gap between the first chamfered portion 15121 and the left end face of the third connecting member 16, and the convex bottom 23 can be partially arranged in the gap formed by the first chamfered portion 15121 and the third connecting member 16. In this way, the first chamfered portion 15121 and the third connecting member 16 play a certain auxiliary role in limiting the position of the flame suppressant 2. At the same time, when the part of the explosion member 3 that can be opened is opened under the impact of the hydrogen to be released, a small amount of hydrogen to be released is first released from the rupture position. These released hydrogen first push the flame suppressant 2 to move slightly toward the third connecting member 16 until the convex bottom 23 of the flame suppressant 2 is supported by the left end face of the third connecting member 16. This process is very fast. It should be noted that before the rupture opening structure of the explosion member 3 pierces the smooth head 21 of the flame suppressant 2, the flame suppressant 2 can be limited within the moving range to avoid the flame suppressant 2 moving too far, which causes the explosion member 3 to fail to pierce the flame suppressant 2, thereby causing the hydrogen spontaneous combustion suppression to fail.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present application, the flame suppression element 2 is configured as a flame suppression bag.

[0055] Specifically, if Figure 4 As shown, the flame suppression bag is divided into three parts, namely, a smooth head 21, a main body 22 and a convex bottom 23. The outer peripheral part of the convex bottom 23 is a flange, and a gas injection port is arranged on the right side of the convex bottom 23. Carbon dioxide or other flame suppression gas 6 with the effect of suppressing spontaneous combustion is injected into the flame suppression bag. The flame suppression bag is made of a material that is elastic, stable, easy to be scratched by sharp objects and fireproof, such as Figure 1 As shown, the outer wall of the main body 22 of the flame suppressant bag filled with the flame suppressant gas 6 can abut against the inner wall of the fourth through hole 1512, so that the position of the flame suppressant bag is fixed in the fourth through hole 1512 before puncture and the fourth through hole 1512 can be blocked to a certain extent.

[0056] Furthermore, if Figure 5 As shown, the second rounded portion 231 of the convex bottom portion 23 of the flame suppressant bag matches the curvature of the first rounded portion 15121 of the fourth through hole 1512, and the flange of the convex bottom portion 23 is placed in the gap formed between the first rounded portion 15121 and the left end surface of the third connecting member 16 before the bursting member 3 is opened, thereby playing a certain auxiliary role in limiting the position of the flame suppressant bag.

[0057] Furthermore, after the flame suppression bag is punctured, the volume of the flame suppression bag decreases rapidly as the flame suppression gas 6 in the flame suppression bag flows out. Fig. 9As shown, the flame retardant bag moves rapidly toward the discharge pipe under the impact of the high-speed jet of released hydrogen and the reaction force of the leaked flame retardant gas 6, and is finally discharged from the discharge pipe. In this way, the movement of the flame retardant bag helps to further disperse the flame retardant gas 6 in the discharge pipe and mix it with hydrogen, thereby further improving the effect of suppressing the spontaneous combustion of high-pressure hydrogen discharge.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 6-Figure 9 As shown, the bursting piece 3 is constructed as a cross-groove bursting disc.

[0059] Specifically, if Figure 6 As shown, the bursting piece 3 has a cross-shaped groove before opening, such as Figure 8 As shown, when the explosive part 3 is opened, the cross-shaped groove breaks to form the explosive part body 31 and four puncture parts 32. The four puncture parts 32 after opening rotate around the edges connected to the explosive part body 31 respectively to form four triangular membrane petals with sharp corners. It can be understood that the smooth head 21 of the flame extinguishing part 2 is within the path range of the rotation of the sharp corners of the triangular membrane petals during the deployment of the explosive part 3. In this way, the four triangular membrane petals can pierce the smooth head 21 of the flame extinguishing part 2, so that the flame extinguishing gas 6 flows out from the rupture 211 of the smooth head 21 and is quickly released and mixed into the released hydrogen, effectively suppressing the spontaneous combustion of hydrogen release.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, it also includes: a gasket 4 and a pressure ring 5, the bursting piece 3 is sandwiched between the gasket 4 and the pressure ring 5, the gasket 4 abuts against the first step surface 1413, and the pressure ring 5 abuts against the second step surface 1513. That is to say, the gasket 4, the bursting piece 3 and the pressure ring 5 are sandwiched between the first step surface 1413 of the first connecting member 14 and the second step surface 1513 of the second connecting member 15 from left to right, wherein the pressure ring 5 has an avoidance through hole, when the puncture portion 32 of the bursting piece 3 is opened, the puncture portion 32 extends into the avoidance through hole and fits with the inner wall of the avoidance through hole, so that on the one hand, it is ensured that the puncture portion 32 can puncture the flame suppression piece 2, and on the other hand, it can also form a discharge port of suitable size for the bursting piece 3.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 8As shown, the flame suppression component 2 is spaced apart from the burst component 3 along the first direction X. The first direction X is the extension direction of the pressure relief channel 11. By spacing the flame suppression component 2 and the burst component 3 along the first direction X, it is possible to ensure that the burst component 3 does not directly contact the flame suppression component 2 before the explosion, and prevent the flame suppression component 2 and the burst component 3 from being too close, which may cause the flame suppression component 2 to abut against the burst component 3 over a large area, affecting the opening of the burst component 3 at a predetermined value of the explosion pressure. When the flame suppression component 2 is configured as a flame suppression bag, it also prevents the elastic material of the flame suppression bag from being worn and aged due to contact with the burst component 3, thereby ensuring the reliability of the discharge device 100.

[0062] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present solution, the installation and use process of the discharge device 100 is described in detail below: Specifically, according to Figure 2 As shown, the gasket 4, the bursting piece 3 and the pressure ring 5 are respectively installed between the first step surface 1413 of the first connecting piece 14 and the second step surface 1513 of the second connecting piece 15, and then the external thread at the right end of the first connecting piece 14 and the internal thread at the left end of the second connecting piece 15 are screwed tightly.

[0063] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the flame suppressant bag that has not been injected with the flame suppressant gas 6 is installed into the fourth through hole 1512 from the right end of the second connecting member 15, and the flame suppressant gas 6 is injected into the flame suppressant bag through the gas injection port at the right end of the flame suppressant bag. During the gas injection process, the position of the flame suppressant bag is adjusted in time so that the outer wall of the main body 22 of the flame suppressant bag can abut against the inner wall of the fourth through hole 1512 in the second connecting member 15, and at least part of the smooth head 21 of the flame suppressant bag is extended into the third through hole 1511, wherein the smooth head 21 of the flame suppressant bag has a certain spacing distance from the bursting member 3 in the first direction X, but the distance between the two is not far, so as to ensure that the triangular membrane petal during the expansion of the bursting member 3 can pierce the smooth head 21 of the flame suppressant bag. After the gas injection is completed, the second connecting member 15 and the third connecting member 16 are connected by threaded cooperation. At the same time, as shown in Figure 5 As shown, it is ensured that the outer convex bottom 23 of the gas suppression bag is located in the gap formed by the first rounded portion 15121 and the left end surface of the third connecting member 16, and the outer convex bottom 23 of the gas suppression bag does not directly contact the left end surface of the third connecting member 16. It should be noted that a sealing ring can be provided between the connecting surfaces of the second connecting member 15 and the third connecting member 16 to improve the sealing performance.

[0064] When the discharge device 100 is installed, the first opening 12 of the discharge device 100 is connected to the pressure relief outlet of the hydrogen storage device, and the second opening 13 of the discharge device 100 is connected to the discharge pipeline of the hydrogen storage device.

[0065] like Figure 6-Figure 8As shown, the present application continues to explain by taking the blasting piece 3 being constructed as a cross-groove blasting piece as an example. When the blasting piece 3 is opened, the cross-shaped groove breaks to form the blasting piece body 31 and four puncture portions 32. In the initial stage of opening the blasting piece 3, the released hydrogen first pushes the flame retardant bag to move slightly toward the third connecting piece 16 until the outer convex bottom 23 of the flame retardant bag is supported by the left end face of the third connecting piece 16. This process is very rapid. As the puncture portions 32 of the blasting piece 3 continue to rotate around their respective edges connected to the blasting piece body 31, four triangular membrane petals with sharp corners are formed. As mentioned above, the smooth head 21 of the flame retardant bag is within the path range of the rotation of the sharp corners of the triangular membrane petals during the deployment of the blasting piece 3. The four triangular membrane petals can pierce the smooth head 21 of the flame retardant bag, so that the flame retardant gas 6 flows out from the rupture 211 of the smooth head 21 and is quickly released and mixed into the released hydrogen. After the flame retardant bag is opened and pierced by the blasting piece 3, as the flame retardant gas 6 in the flame retardant bag flows out, the volume of the flame retardant bag decreases rapidly. The flame retardant bag moves rapidly toward the discharge pipe under the impact of the high-speed jet of the released hydrogen and the reaction force of the leaked flame retardant gas 6, and is finally discharged from the discharge pipe. The flame retardant gas 6 mixed with hydrogen continues to diffuse in the discharge pipe, thereby suppressing the spontaneous combustion of hydrogen. The puncture portion 32 also fits with the inner wall of the avoidance hole of the pressure ring 5 to form a discharge port of appropriate size.

[0066] Furthermore, if Fig. 9 As shown, the flame retardant bag also moves rapidly toward the discharge pipe under the impact of the high-speed jet of released hydrogen and the reaction force of the leaked flame retardant gas 6, and is finally discharged from the discharge pipe. In this way, the movement of the flame retardant bag also helps to further disperse the flame retardant gas 6 in the discharge pipe and mix it with hydrogen, thereby further improving the effect of suppressing the spontaneous combustion of high-pressure hydrogen discharge.

[0067] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a hydrogen storage device, including the discharge device 100 in the embodiment of the first aspect.

[0068] According to the hydrogen storage device proposed in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, when the pressure of the hydrogen to be released is too high, the blasting component 3 is at least partially opened under the pressure of the hydrogen to be released, and the opened part of the blasting component 3 can pierce the flame retardant 2, so that the flame retardant gas 6 in the flame retardant 2 is quickly released and mixed into the released hydrogen. After the flame retardant 2 is pierced, the flame retardant 2 can be discharged through the second opening 13 and the discharge pipe in sequence under the action of the released hydrogen. While ensuring the normal high-pressure discharge, it can also effectively suppress the spontaneous combustion of hydrogen discharge, which is beneficial to ensuring the safety of surrounding personnel and equipment. At the same time, the entire release process of suppressing the spontaneous combustion of hydrogen does not need to rely on complex monitoring systems and sensors, but can be achieved only by relying on the action characteristics of the blasting component 3 itself. The action is accurate and rapid, economical and convenient, and the structure is simple and the reliability is high.

[0069] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the elements.

[0070] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment.

[0071] The above is only an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

[0072] Although the embodiments of the present application have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A discharge device, characterized in that: include: A discharge body, wherein a pressure relief passage is provided in the discharge body, and the discharge body further comprises a first opening and a second opening both communicating with the pressure relief passage, wherein the first opening is used to communicate with the pressure relief outlet of the hydrogen storage device, and the second opening is used to communicate with the discharge pipe of the hydrogen storage device; A flame suppression component, wherein the flame suppression component is arranged in the pressure relief passage and contains flame suppression gas; A bursting component, wherein the bursting component is fixedly arranged in the pressure relief passage, the bursting component is located between the first opening and the flame retardant component, the bursting component is used to block the pressure relief passage, and at least a portion of the bursting component is constructed to open when the pressure exerted on the bursting component by the hydrogen to be released is greater than a preset value, the opened portion of the bursting component is suitable for puncturing the flame retardant component to allow the flame retardant gas to flow out, and the flame retardant component is discharged in sequence through the second opening and the discharge pipe under the action of the released hydrogen.

2. The discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge body comprises a first connection member, a second connection member and a third connection member, the first connection member has a first pressure relief sub-channel and the first opening communicating with the first pressure relief sub-channel, the second connection member has a second pressure relief sub-channel, the first connection member is fixedly connected to the second connection member, and the first pressure relief sub-channel is communicated with the second pressure relief sub-channel, the third connection member has a third pressure relief sub-channel and the second opening communicating with the third pressure relief sub-channel, the second connection member is fixedly connected to the third connection member, and the second pressure relief sub-channel is communicated with the third pressure relief sub-channel; The flame suppression component is arranged in the second pressure relief sub-channel, and the explosion component is fixedly arranged in the first pressure relief sub-channel and is used to block the first pressure relief sub-channel.

3. The discharge device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first pressure relief sub-channel comprises a first through hole and a second through hole which are connected in sequence, the first through hole is connected to the first opening, wherein the inner diameter of the second through hole is larger than the inner diameter of the first through hole to form a first step surface together; The second pressure relief sub-channel comprises a third through hole and a fourth through hole which are connected in sequence, the third through hole is connected to the second through hole, and the fourth through hole is connected to the third pressure relief sub-channel, wherein the inner diameter of the third through hole is greater than the inner diameter of the fourth through hole to form a second step surface together; The explosion component is sandwiched between the first step surface and the second step surface, and at least a portion of the flame suppression component is disposed in the fourth through hole.

4. The discharge device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flame suppressant comprises a connected smooth head and a main body, the main body is arranged in the fourth through hole, at least part of the smooth head is arranged in the third through hole, and the opened part of the explosion part is suitable for piercing the smooth head to allow the flame suppressant gas to flow out.

5. The discharge device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flame retardant also includes an outwardly convex bottom portion, which is located on a side of the main body away from the smooth head portion, and the fourth through hole has a first rounded portion at one end close to the third connecting piece, and the outwardly convex bottom portion has a second rounded portion matching the first rounded portion, and the outwardly convex bottom portion is arranged between the first rounded portion and the third connecting piece.

6. The discharge device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The flame suppression member is configured as a flame suppression bag.

7. The discharge device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The bursting piece is constructed as a cross-groove bursting disc.

8. The discharge device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: A gasket and a pressure ring, the bursting piece is sandwiched between the gasket and the pressure ring, the gasket abuts against the first step surface, and the pressure ring abuts against the second step surface.

9. The discharge device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Along the first direction, the flame suppression component is spaced apart from the explosion component.

10. A hydrogen storage device, characterized in that: Comprising a discharge device according to any one of claims 1-9.

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