System for detecting inner diameter of artillery barrel

Abstract

The invention provides an artillery barrel inner diameter detection system, and belongs to the technical field of inner diameter detection, and the system comprises a laser diameter measuring head which is used for measuring the radius of a barrel along the radial direction of an artillery barrel; the adapter is used for controlling rotation of the stepping motor and data acquisition of the laser displacement sensor; the umbrella-shaped supporting frame is used for being opened in artillery barrels with different calibers so as to be tightly attached to the artillery barrels; and the upper computer and the diameter measurement control software are used for adjusting a driving program and a working mode of the stepping motor. According to the scheme, the laser diameter measuring head is adopted, so that micrometer and even submicrometer-level measurement precision is realized; the measurement result has high repeatability, and the consistency and reliability of multiple measurements can be ensured; laser diameter measurement is non-contact measurement, does not cause any physical damage to the inner wall of an artillery barrel, and is not influenced by material hardness and surface roughness; in addition, the laser diameter measuring head is compact in structure, small in size, light in weight, free of complex mechanical structures and low in maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of inner diameter detection, and in particular to a gun barrel inner diameter detection system. Background Art

[0002] The inner diameter detection of gun barrels plays an important role in the maintenance and performance evaluation of military equipment. During the firing process, the inner diameter of the gun barrel will change due to factors such as ablation and wear. By accurately measuring the inner diameter of the gun barrel, we can fully understand the wear of the gun barrel, evaluate the shooting performance of the gun, and predict the remaining life of the barrel.

[0003] At present, the measurement of the inner diameter of the gun barrel is usually done by mechanical or electronic sensors. The mechanical measurement method is to measure the inner diameter through mechanical contact, such as using a micrometer, internal diameter dial indicator, star-shaped caliper, etc. This method has a limited measurement range and can usually only measure smaller inner diameters. The accuracy is relatively low and is easily affected by the operator's skills and environmental factors. In addition, contact measurement may cause damage to the measured surface. The electronic measurement method is to measure the displacement through electronic sensors (such as inductive displacement sensors, eddy current sensors, etc.), and then obtain the inner diameter data through signal processing. This method has high installation accuracy requirements, requires precise alignment and calibration, has a complex structure, and has high maintenance costs. It is also not suitable for the measurement of small-caliber guns because the sensor is large and difficult to enter the small-caliber barrel.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a gun barrel inner diameter detection system to solve the problems of small diameter measurement range, low accuracy and complex structure in the existing gun barrel inner diameter detection. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention provides a gun barrel inner diameter detection system, which is used to solve the defects of small diameter measurement range, low precision and complex structure in the prior art of gun barrel inner diameter detection.

[0006] The present invention provides a gun barrel inner diameter detection system, comprising: Laser caliper head, used to measure the radius of the gun barrel along the radial direction of the gun barrel; Adapter, used to control the rotation of the stepper motor and the data acquisition of the laser displacement sensor; An umbrella-like support frame, which is used to open in gun barrels of different calibers to fit closely to the gun barrel; The host computer and diameter measurement control software are used to adjust the driver program and working mode of the stepper motor.

[0007] According to a gun barrel inner diameter detection system provided by the present invention, the gun barrel inner diameter detection system further includes: The heating device is used to control the temperature inside the barrel of the gun to be tested to maintain it at a preset value.

[0008] According to a gun barrel inner diameter detection system provided by the present invention, the laser caliper head slide rail is installed on the shaft rod of the gun barrel inner diameter detection system.

[0009] According to a gun barrel inner diameter detection system provided by the present invention, the laser caliper head is parallel to the axis of the ring gauge to be measured.

[0010] According to a gun barrel inner diameter detection system provided by the present invention, the laser caliper head includes the laser displacement sensor, the positioning mechanism and the stepping motor.

[0011] According to a gun barrel inner diameter detection system provided by the present invention, the adapter includes a battery, a USB data hub and a motor control module.

[0012] According to a gun barrel inner diameter detection system provided by the present invention, the motor control module is an STM32F103 controller.

[0013] According to a gun barrel inner diameter detection system provided by the present invention, the STM32F103 controller is used to adjust the PWM period and pulse width to adjust the rotation speed of the stepper motor.

[0014] According to a gun barrel inner diameter detection system provided by the present invention, the umbrella-shaped support frame is provided with a spring adjustment device for adjusting the diameter of the umbrella-shaped support frame after it is opened.

[0015] According to a gun barrel inner diameter detection system provided by the present invention, the installation positioning hole of the stepper motor is coaxial with the B16 short cone at the front end of the umbrella-shaped support frame.

[0016] The gun barrel inner diameter detection system provided by the present invention includes a laser caliper head for measuring the barrel radius along the radial direction of the gun barrel; an adapter for controlling the rotation of the stepper motor and the data acquisition of the laser displacement sensor; an umbrella-shaped support frame for opening in gun barrels of different calibers to fit closely to the gun barrel; a host computer and caliper control software for adjusting the driver and working mode of the stepper motor. This solution adopts a laser caliper head, which can achieve micron or even submicron level measurement accuracy, which is much higher than traditional mechanical and electronic measurement methods; the measurement results of the laser caliper head have high repeatability, which can ensure the consistency and reliability of multiple measurements; laser caliper measurement is a non-contact measurement, which will not cause any physical damage to the inner wall of the gun barrel, and is not affected by the hardness of the material and the surface roughness, and is suitable for the measurement of precision parts; in addition, the laser caliper head has a compact structure, small size, light weight, no complex mechanical structure, low maintenance cost and long service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a gun barrel inner diameter detection system provided by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a circuit schematic diagram of the heating plate provided by the present invention; Figure 3 It is a PCB diagram of a heating plate provided by the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of error distribution of the laser sensor provided by the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the axial error caused by the head-down moment of the laser caliper head provided by the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the umbrella-shaped support frame and the laser caliper head provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "include one..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements. The orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower" and the like is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0021] The terms "first", "second", etc. in this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of one type, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" represents at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship.

[0022] The inner diameter detection of gun barrels plays an important role in the maintenance and performance evaluation of military equipment. During the firing process, the inner diameter of the gun barrel will change due to factors such as ablation and wear. By accurately measuring the inner diameter of the gun barrel, we can fully understand the wear of the gun barrel, evaluate the shooting performance of the gun, and predict the remaining life of the barrel.

[0023] At present, the measurement of the inner diameter of the gun barrel is usually done by mechanical or electronic sensors. The mechanical measurement method is to measure the inner diameter through mechanical contact, such as using a micrometer, internal diameter dial indicator, star-shaped caliper, etc. This method has a limited measurement range and can usually only measure smaller inner diameters. The accuracy is relatively low and is easily affected by the operator's skills and environmental factors. In addition, contact measurement may cause damage to the measured surface. The electronic measurement method is to measure the displacement through electronic sensors (such as inductive displacement sensors, eddy current sensors, etc.), and then obtain the inner diameter data through signal processing. This method has high installation accuracy requirements, requires precise alignment and calibration, has a complex structure, and has high maintenance costs. It is also not suitable for the measurement of small-caliber guns because the sensor is large and difficult to enter the small-caliber barrel.

[0024] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a gun barrel inner diameter detection system to solve the problems of small diameter measurement range, low accuracy and complex structure in the existing gun barrel inner diameter detection.

[0025] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a gun barrel inner diameter detection system. Figure 1-Figure 6 The following describes a gun barrel inner diameter detection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gun barrel inner diameter detection system provided by the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the gun barrel inner diameter detection system includes the following: Laser caliper head, used to measure the radius of the gun barrel along the radial direction of the gun barrel; Adapter, used to control the rotation of the stepper motor and the data acquisition of the laser displacement sensor; An umbrella-like support frame, which is used to open in gun barrels of different calibers to fit closely to the gun barrel; The host computer and diameter measurement control software are used to adjust the driver program and working mode of the stepper motor.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an exemplary artillery barrel inner diameter detection system is shown. For the purpose of description, the architecture depicted is only an example of a suitable environment and does not impose any limitation on the scope of use or function of the present application.

[0028] The gun barrel inner diameter detection system provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a laser caliper head for measuring the barrel radius along the radial direction of the gun barrel; an adapter for controlling the rotation of the stepper motor and the data acquisition of the laser displacement sensor; an umbrella-shaped support frame for opening in gun barrels of different calibers to fit closely to the gun barrel; a host computer and caliper control software for adjusting the driver and working mode of the stepper motor. This solution adopts a laser caliper head, which can achieve micron or even sub-micron level measurement accuracy, which is much higher than traditional mechanical and electronic measurement methods; the measurement results of the laser caliper head have high repeatability, which can ensure the consistency and reliability of multiple measurements; laser caliper measurement is a non-contact measurement, which will not cause any physical damage to the inner wall of the gun barrel, and is not affected by the hardness of the material and the surface roughness, and is suitable for the measurement of precision parts; in addition, the laser caliper head has a compact structure, small size, light weight, no complex mechanical structure, low maintenance cost and long service life.

[0029] In an optional embodiment, the gun barrel inner diameter detection system further includes: The heating device is used to control the temperature inside the barrel of the gun to be tested to maintain it at a preset value.

[0030] It is understandable that laser sensors have high measurement accuracy, but their measurement accuracy is affected by temperature drift (temperature drift). Temperature drift refers to the phenomenon that the output value of the sensor deviates when the temperature changes. For laser sensors, temperature changes will affect the output wavelength and output power of the laser and the performance of the internal components of the sensor, resulting in measurement errors.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present invention, a heating device is installed at the position of the laser sensor to maintain the temperature after it reaches a certain value. The specific temperature value can be adaptively set according to actual use requirements and is not limited here.

[0032] Specifically, Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of the heating plate provided by the present invention, Figure 3 The heating board PCB diagram provided by the present invention is a heating board circuit, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a heating plate is installed at the position of the laser caliper head, and the heating plate is controlled by a program.

[0033] The gun barrel inner diameter detection system provided by the embodiment of the present invention solves the problem of sensor error caused by changes in ambient temperature by installing a heating device at the position of the laser sensor to maintain the temperature after reaching a certain value.

[0034] In an optional embodiment, the laser caliper head slide rail is installed on the shaft rod of the gun barrel inner diameter detection system.

[0035] Figure 4is a schematic diagram of error distribution of the laser sensor provided by the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the axial error caused by the head-down moment of the laser caliper head provided by the present invention; like Figure 4-Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the gun barrel inner diameter detection system obtains the distance between the rotating component and the inner wall of the current gun barrel by the laser displacement sensor of the laser caliper head, and indirectly calculates the barrel radius. The error analysis of the laser distance sensor shows that the eccentric diameter measurement method is adopted, β is the radial angle between the laser displacement sensor and the motor when assembled, the repeatability error of the diameter sensor, and the head-lowering torque caused by the weight of the diameter measuring head will affect the measurement results. Due to the high measurement accuracy requirements of the system, the above measurement errors are modeled, and a simulation model is established to understand the technical error transmission process. According to the error analysis structure, the existing diameter measuring mechanism design is optimized, and the laser diameter measuring head is changed to a slide rail installation method to reduce the diameter measurement error.

[0036] In an optional embodiment, the laser caliper head is parallel to the axis of the ring gauge being measured.

[0037] In the embodiment of the present invention, the measured ring gauge axis refers to the central axis inside the measured gun barrel, and this axis is the standard that needs to be referenced during the measurement process.

[0038] Here, the consistency between the central axis of the unfolded umbrella-shaped support frame and the central axis of the gun barrel is the concentricity of the umbrella-shaped support frame. If the central axis of the umbrella-shaped support frame is inconsistent with the central axis of the gun barrel, the sensor or measuring head on the detection device will not be in uniform contact with the inner wall of the gun barrel, thus affecting the accuracy of the measurement result. In addition, poor concentricity may cause deviations in the measurement value, which cannot truly reflect the actual size of the inner diameter of the gun barrel.

[0039] The gun barrel inner diameter detection system provided by the embodiment of the present invention has an umbrella-shaped support frame with good concentricity, which can ensure that the detection device maintains uniform contact with the inner wall of the gun barrel during the entire measurement process, avoiding excessive or insufficient local pressure, thereby improving the reliability and repeatability of the measurement; and can reduce the friction of the detection device when it moves inside the gun barrel, making the detection process smoother and reducing the wear on the inner wall of the gun barrel.

[0040] In an optional embodiment, the laser caliper head includes the laser displacement sensor, a positioning mechanism and the stepping motor.

[0041] In the embodiment of the present invention, the laser caliper head integrates a high-precision laser displacement sensor, a precision positioning mechanism, and a stepper motor, thereby realizing accurate measurement of the barrel radius along the radial direction of the gun barrel.

[0042] In an optional embodiment, the adapter includes a battery, a USB data hub, and a motor control module.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present invention, the adapter is equipped with a battery, a USB data hub, and a motor control module, which synchronously controls the precise rotation of the stepper motor and the data collection of the laser sensor.

[0044] In an optional embodiment, the motor control module is a STM32F103 controller.

[0045] In an optional embodiment, the STM32F103 controller is used to adjust the PWM period and pulse width to adjust the rotation speed of the stepper motor.

[0046] In the embodiment of the present invention, the laser caliper head is controlled by a closed-loop stepper motor, and the motor rotation control and data sampling are performed strictly in accordance with the timing. The adapter designed in this scheme performs fine control on the data acquisition process, and adopts the STM32F103 controller for motor control and data management. The controller has a high-precision PWM time controller, which can finely adjust the motor speed by adjusting the PWM cycle and pulse width, thereby optimizing the smoothness of the motor operation and reducing the error caused by vibration.

[0047] In an optional embodiment, the umbrella-shaped support frame is provided with a spring adjustment device for adjusting the diameter of the umbrella-shaped support frame after it is opened.

[0048] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the umbrella-shaped support frame and the laser caliper head provided by the present invention, such as Figure 6 As shown, the umbrella-shaped support frame can be expanded to a certain diameter to adapt to the inner diameter of gun barrels of different calibers. When the detection device enters the gun barrel, the support frame will open and cling to the inner wall of the gun barrel, providing stable support for the entire detection device to prevent it from deflecting or shaking during the detection process. By adjusting the opening degree of the umbrella-shaped support frame, the sensor or measuring head on the detection device can maintain uniform contact with the inner wall of the gun barrel.

[0049] like Figure 6 As shown, the factor that affects the parallelism of the laser caliper head and the ring gauge axis is the pressure of the spring on the front and rear umbrella-shaped support frames.

[0050] In the gun barrel inner diameter detection system, different caliber gun barrels (such as 100mm, 125mm, 155mm) have different requirements for umbrella-shaped support frames. For 100mm caliber polishing, the diameter of the umbrella-shaped support frame after expansion should be slightly smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the 100mm gun barrel to ensure close contact without excessive extrusion, and ensure that the center axis of the support frame after expansion is highly consistent with the center axis of the gun barrel, with an error within ±0.1mm; for 125mm caliber gun barrels, the diameter of the umbrella-shaped support frame after expansion should be slightly smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the 125mm gun barrel to ensure close contact without excessive extrusion; for 155mm caliber gun barrels, the diameter of the umbrella-shaped support frame after expansion should be slightly smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the 155mm gun barrel to ensure close contact without excessive extrusion.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present invention, by adjusting the compression of the two nuts on the spring, the umbrella-shaped support frame is adapted to the support requirements of three types of cylinders, 100 / 125 / 155.

[0052] In the gun barrel inner diameter detection system provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the umbrella-shaped support device is equipped with a spring adjustment device, which can quickly adjust the spring warning force to achieve accurate centering and coaxiality of the device in gun barrels of different calibers.

[0053] In an optional embodiment, the mounting positioning hole of the stepper motor is coaxial with the B16 short cone at the front end of the umbrella-shaped support frame.

[0054] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation method can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solution is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a disk, an optical disk, etc., including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or some parts of the embodiments.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gun barrel inner diameter detection system, characterized in that: include: Laser caliper head, used to measure the radius of the gun barrel along the radial direction of the gun barrel; Adapter, used to control the rotation of the stepper motor and the data acquisition of the laser displacement sensor; An umbrella-like support frame, which is used to open in gun barrels of different calibers to fit closely to the gun barrel; The host computer and diameter measurement control software are used to adjust the driver program and working mode of the stepper motor.

2. The gun barrel inner diameter detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gun barrel inner diameter detection system also includes: The heating device is used to control the temperature inside the barrel of the gun to be tested to maintain it at a preset value.

3. The gun barrel inner diameter detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser caliper head slide rail is installed on the shaft rod of the gun barrel inner diameter detection system.

4. The gun barrel inner diameter detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The laser caliper head is parallel to the axis of the ring gauge to be measured.

5. The gun barrel inner diameter detection system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The laser caliper head comprises the laser displacement sensor, a positioning mechanism and the stepping motor.

6. The gun barrel inner diameter detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adapter includes a battery, a USB data hub and a motor control module.

7. The gun barrel inner diameter detection system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The motor control module is a STM32F103 controller.

8. The gun barrel inner diameter detection system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The STM32F103 controller is used to adjust the PWM period and pulse width to adjust the rotation speed of the stepper motor.

9. The gun barrel inner diameter detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The umbrella-shaped support frame is equipped with a spring adjustment device for adjusting the diameter of the umbrella-shaped support frame after it is opened.

10. The gun barrel inner diameter detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation positioning hole of the stepper motor is coaxial with the B16 short cone at the front end of the umbrella-shaped support frame.

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