Engine cold start test device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of engine tests, and discloses an engine cold start test device, which comprises a test bed, the upper surface of the test bed is fixedly connected with a linear motor, the upper surface of the test bed is fixedly connected with a clamping seat, the upper surface of the clamping seat is fixedly connected with a supporting plate, and the supporting plate is fixedly connected with the linear motor. According to the invention, the limiting arc plates clamp the two sides of the engine, so that the engine cannot greatly vibrate, the stability of the engine in a test is improved, and the engine foot pad slides in the clamping seat and generates friction, so that the vibration amplitude is further reduced. The elastic telescopic rod relieves impact force generated when an engine vibrates, abrasion caused by collision between the engine foot pad and the clamping base is avoided, after the elastic oil bag is extruded, lubricating oil in the elastic oil bag is extruded into the clamping base through the oil outlet pipe and flows into the position between the clamping base and the engine foot pad, and the engine can be more smoothly damped.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of engine testing, in particular to an engine cold start testing device. Background Art

[0002] An engine cold start refers to starting the engine when the water temperature is low, which is usually when the car has not been started for a long time. The engine cold start test is to simulate whether the engine is qualified in a low-temperature environment where the engine has not been started for a long time. In the prior art, it is difficult to effectively limit and slow down the engine when testing the engine, and the test process is unstable, which can easily lead to test interruption.

[0003] The patent with announcement number CN216899636U discloses a fresh air test device for cold start of automobile engine, which includes a device box and a sealing strip, a display screen is installed on the side wall of one side of the device box, a control panel is installed on the side wall of one end of the device box, a compressor is installed on the top of the device box, an air outlet pipe penetrating the inside of the device box is installed on the output end of the compressor, a connecting pipe penetrating the inside of the device box is installed on the input end of the compressor, an intake pipe is installed on the side wall of the device box near one end of the control panel, and the intake pipe is connected with the connecting pipe, an exhaust fan is installed inside the intake pipe, and a filter is installed inside the intake pipe. The air can be converted into cold air by the compressor to enter the inside of the device box, so that the temperature inside the device box will not rise, thereby affecting the experimental results of the cold start of the engine. Although the patent solves the above problems, there are still problems that the engine cannot be limited and slowed down during the engine test, the test process is unstable, and the test is easily interrupted. Therefore, an engine cold start test device is proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an engine cold start test device in view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an engine cold start test device, including a test bench, the upper surface of the test bench is fixedly connected to a linear motor, the upper surface of the test bench is fixedly connected to a holder, the upper surface of the holder is fixedly connected to a support plate, the top of the support plate is fixedly connected to a limiting arc plate, the inner surface of the holder is slidably connected to a resistance plate, the side of the resistance plate close to the support plate is fixedly connected to an elastic telescopic rod, the side of the resistance plate close to the support plate is fixedly connected to a resistance rod, and the end of the resistance rod away from the resistance plate is fixedly connected to an extrusion shaft, The upper surface of the test bench is fixedly connected with a connecting plate, the side surface of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with an elastic oil bag, the side of the elastic oil bag close to the linear motor is threadedly connected with a bag cover, the side of the elastic oil bag close to the contact plate is fixedly connected with an oil outlet pipe, the moving end of the linear motor is fixedly connected with a moving block, the upper surface of the moving block is fixedly connected with a support rod, the top of the support rod is fixedly connected with a temperature detection probe, the lower part of the test bench is provided with a rapid cooling device for quickly cooling the engine to facilitate multiple tests, and the rear side of the test bench is provided with a rear exhaust for cold starting of the engine The exhaust gas treatment device collects and treats the exhaust gas released, the end of the elastic telescopic rod away from the contact plate is fixedly connected to the support plate, the contact rod slides from the inner surface of the card seat to the outer surface of the card seat, the oil outlet pipe penetrates from the outer surface of the card seat into the inner surface of the card seat, the side of the extrusion shaft away from the contact rod is in contact with the outer surface of the elastic oil bag, the engine foot pad is inserted into the card seat, the engine is prone to vibration after cold start, when the engine vibrates, its two sides are clamped and limited by the support plate and the limit arc plate, and when the engine generates a small amplitude of vibration, it slides in the card seat through the foot pad, and the engine foot pad slides in the card seat with The contact plate contacts and pushes the contact plate to squeeze the elastic telescopic rod. The elasticity of the elastic telescopic rod reduces the impact force generated by the engine vibration. When the contact plate is pushed close to the support plate, it drives the contact rod and the extrusion shaft close to and squeezes the elastic oil bag. After the elastic oil bag is squeezed, the lubrication inside it is squeezed into the card seat through the oil outlet pipe and flows into between the card seat and the engine foot pad. The linear motor is started, and the linear motor drives the moving block to move back and forth, the moving block drives the support rod to move back and forth, and the support rod drives the temperature detection probe to move back and forth. The temperature detection probe can detect the temperature of various areas of the engine during the movement.

[0006] Preferably, the rapid cooling device includes a cooling liquid pool, a liquid outlet pipe, a radiator, a liquid infusion pipe, a liquid inlet pipe, and a feed pipe. The cooling liquid pool is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the test bench, the liquid infusion pipe is fixedly connected to the rear side of the cooling liquid pool, the right side of the radiator is fixedly connected to the left side of the test bench, the rear end of the liquid outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the front side of the radiator, the liquid inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the front side of the cooling liquid pool, and the feed pipe is fixedly connected to the front side of the cooling liquid pool. The rapid cooling device also includes a guide rod, a sliding sleeve, a toggle plate, a connecting horizontal plate, and a connecting vertical plate. The guide rod is fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the cooling liquid pool, the sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the circumferential surface of the guide rod, the toggle plate is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve, the connecting horizontal plate is fixedly connected to the side of the moving block away from the linear motor, the connecting vertical plate is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the connecting horizontal plate, and the front end of the liquid infusion pipe The cooling element is fixedly connected to the rear side of the radiator, a water pump is arranged between the liquid inlet pipe and the cooling liquid pool, and the connecting vertical plate is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve. When the engine has undergone one or more cold start tests, the temperature of the engine rises. At this time, the water pump is started, and the water pump draws the coolant in the cooling liquid pool into the engine to cool the engine. When the engine is cooled, the coolant is discharged into the radiator through the liquid outlet pipe. The radiator dissipates the heat of the heated coolant, and the coolant after the heat is dissipated flows into the cooling liquid pool from the liquid infusion pipe and waits for use. At this time, the cooling additive can be added into the cooling liquid pool from the feeding pipe. When the moving block moves back and forth, it drives the connecting horizontal plate to move back and forth, the connecting horizontal plate drives the connecting vertical plate to move back and forth, the connecting vertical plate drives the sliding sleeve to slide back and forth on the guide rod, and the sliding sleeve drives the toggle plate to move back and forth in the cooling liquid pool and toggle the coolant.

[0007] Preferably, the exhaust gas treatment device includes an air collecting box, an air inlet, an exhaust pipe, and a filter. The air collecting box is fixedly connected to the rear side of the coolant pool, the air inlet is opened on the front side of the air collecting box, the exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the rear side of the inner wall of the air collecting box, and the filter is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the exhaust pipe. The exhaust gas treatment device also includes a connecting shaft, a sliding rod, a transmission plate, a scraper ring, and a box cover. The connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve, the sliding rod is fixedly connected to the rear side of the connecting shaft, the transmission plate is fixedly connected to the rear end of the sliding rod, the scraper ring is fixedly connected to both sides of the transmission plate, and the box cover is hinged on the left inner surface of the air collecting box, and the sliding rod slides from the rear side of the inner wall of the coolant pool to pass through the rear side of the coolant pool The outer surface of the scraper ring and the inner wall of the air collecting box are in contact with each other. After the engine is cold started, exhaust gas is generated. The exhaust port of the engine is connected to the air inlet on the air collecting box, and the exhaust gas discharged by the engine enters the air collecting box. The exhaust gas flows from the air collecting box to the exhaust pipe. The pollutant particles in the exhaust gas are blocked by the filter in the exhaust pipe and cannot be discharged outside the air collecting box, and the gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe. At the same time, the sliding sleeve drives the connecting shaft to move back and forth during the reciprocating movement, and the connecting shaft drives the sliding rod to slide back and forth, and the sliding rod drives the transmission plate to move back and forth, and the transmission plate drives the scraper ring to move back and forth and contact with the inner wall of the air collecting box to generate friction. The scraper ring scrapes off the pollutant particles adhering to the inner wall of the air collecting box through friction.

[0008] The present invention adopts the above technical solution to bring the following beneficial effects: 1. The engine cold start test device has a limit arc plate that clamps both sides of the engine, so that the engine cannot vibrate significantly, which improves the stability of the engine during the test. The engine foot pad slides in the holder and generates friction, which further reduces the vibration amplitude. The elastic telescopic rod reduces the impact force generated by the engine vibration to avoid wear caused by the collision between the engine foot pad and the holder. After the elastic oil bag is squeezed, the lubrication inside it is squeezed into the holder through the oil outlet pipe and flows between the holder and the engine foot pad, so that the engine can avoid vibration more smoothly. The temperature detection probe detects the temperature of various areas of the engine to prevent the engine from having test errors caused by the temperature not dropping during multiple consecutive cold start tests, thereby improving the test accuracy.

[0009] 2. In the engine cold start test device, the coolant after the heat dissipates flows from the infusion tube into the coolant pool and waits for use, which improves the test efficiency of the cold start. The cooling additive is added into the coolant pool from the feed pipe. The cooling additive and the coolant are mixed to improve the heat dissipation effect of the coolant after use, and at the same time prevent the coolant from generating scale in the coolant pool when used for a long time, which is convenient for the subsequent cleaning of the coolant pool. The toggle plate moves back and forth in the coolant pool and toggle the coolant, which improves the fluidity of the coolant, thereby improving the mixing efficiency of the coolant and the cooling additive, further promoting the heat dissipation effect of the coolant, and facilitating the coolant to cool the engine after cold start multiple times.

[0010] 3. In the engine cold start test device, the exhaust gas discharged by the engine enters the air collecting box to prevent the exhaust gas from being directly discharged into the test site and causing pollution to the test environment. The scraper ring scrapes off the pollutant particles adhering to the inner wall of the air collecting box through friction. At this time, the box cover is opened to facilitate the removal of the pollutant particles in the air collecting box, thereby improving the exhaust gas treatment effect and facilitating the device to collect and treat the exhaust gas discharged by the engine for a long time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the front side cross-sectional three-dimensional structure of the limiting arc plate of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle part; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of B; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the side and bottom three-dimensional structure of a partial structure of the rapid cooling device of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the front side cross-sectional three-dimensional structure of a partial structure of the rapid cooling device of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the front side cross-sectional three-dimensional structure of the exhaust gas treatment device of the present invention.

[0012] In the figure: 1. test bench; 2. linear motor; 3. holder; 31. support plate; 32. limit arc plate; 33. contact plate; 34. elastic telescopic rod; 35. contact rod; 36. extrusion shaft; 37. connecting plate; 38. elastic oil bag; 39. bag cover; 310. oil outlet pipe; 311. moving block; 312. support rod; 313. temperature detection probe; 4. rapid cooling device; 41. cooling liquid pool; 42 , liquid outlet pipe; 43, radiator; 44, liquid infusion pipe; 45, liquid inlet pipe; 46, feed pipe; 47, guide rod; 48, sliding sleeve; 49, toggle plate; 410, connecting horizontal plate; 411, connecting vertical plate; 5, exhaust gas treatment device; 51, air collecting box; 52, air inlet; 53, exhaust pipe; 54, filter; 55, connecting shaft; 56, sliding rod; 57, transmission plate; 58, scraper ring; 59, box cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0014] See also Figure 1-Figure 7One embodiment of the present invention is: an engine cold start test device, comprising a test bench 1, a linear motor 2 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the test bench 1, a holder 3 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the test bench 1, a support plate 31 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the holder 3, a limiting arc plate 32 is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate 31, a resisting plate 33 is slidably connected to the inner surface of the holder 3, a side of the resisting plate 33 close to the support plate 31 is fixedly connected to an elastic telescopic rod 34, a side of the resisting plate 33 close to the support plate 31 is fixedly connected to a resisting rod 35, and an end of the resisting rod 35 away from the resisting plate 33 is fixedly connected to An extrusion shaft 36 is connected, a connecting plate 37 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the test bench 1, an elastic oil bag 38 is fixedly connected to the side surface of the connecting plate 37, a bag cover 39 is threadedly connected to the side of the elastic oil bag 38 close to the linear motor 2, an oil outlet pipe 310 is fixedly connected to the side of the elastic oil bag 38 close to the contact plate 33, a moving block 311 is fixedly connected to the moving end of the linear motor 2, a support rod 312 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the moving block 311, a temperature detection probe 313 is fixedly connected to the top of the support rod 312, and a limit arc plate 32 clamps the two sides of the engine so that the engine cannot vibrate significantly. The stability of the engine during the test is improved. The engine foot pad slides in the card seat 3 and generates friction, which further reduces the vibration amplitude. The elastic telescopic rod 34 reduces the impact force generated by the engine vibration to avoid wear caused by the collision between the engine foot pad and the card seat 3. A fast cooling device 4 for quickly cooling the engine is provided below the test bench 1 to facilitate multiple tests. An exhaust gas treatment device 5 for collecting and treating exhaust gas discharged after the engine is cold started is provided on the rear side of the test bench 1. The end of the elastic telescopic rod 34 away from the contact plate 33 is fixedly connected to the support plate 31, and the contact rod 35 is provided from The inner surface of the card seat 3 slides through the outer surface of the card seat 3, and the oil outlet pipe 310 penetrates from the outer surface of the card seat 3 into the inner surface of the card seat 3. The side of the extrusion shaft 36 away from the abutment rod 35 contacts with the outer surface of the elastic oil bag 38. After the elastic oil bag 38 is squeezed, the lubrication inside the elastic oil bag 38 is squeezed into the card seat 3 through the oil outlet pipe 310 and flows into the space between the card seat 3 and the engine foot pad, so that the engine can avoid vibration more smoothly. The temperature detection probe 313 detects the temperature of various areas of the engine to prevent the engine from having a temperature that does not drop during multiple consecutive cold start tests, resulting in test errors, thereby improving the test accuracy.

[0015] Working principle: Insert the engine foot pad into the holder 3 to fix the engine on the test bench 1 for easy testing. The engine is prone to vibration after cold start. When the engine vibrates, its two sides are clamped and limited by the support plate 31 and the limit arc plate 32, so that the engine cannot vibrate greatly, which improves the stability of the engine during testing. When the engine vibrates slightly, the foot pad slides in the holder 3, and the friction generated by the sliding further reduces the vibration amplitude of the engine. When the engine foot pad slides in the holder 3, it contacts the contact plate 33 and pushes the contact plate 33 to squeeze the elastic telescopic rod 34. The elasticity of the elastic telescopic rod 34 reduces the impact force generated by the engine vibration, avoiding hard contact and wear caused by the collision between the engine foot pad and the holder 3, thereby improving the test safety. The contact plate 33 is pushed When approaching the support plate 31, the resistance rod 35 and the extrusion shaft 36 are driven to approach and squeeze the elastic oil bag 38. After the elastic oil bag 38 is squeezed, the lubricant inside is squeezed into the base 3 through the oil outlet pipe 310 and flows into the space between the base 3 and the engine foot pad, further reducing the wear of the engine foot pad when sliding, so that the engine can avoid vibration more smoothly, and start the linear motor 2. The linear motor 2 drives the moving block 311 to move back and forth, and the moving block 311 drives the support rod 312 to move back and forth, and the support rod 312 drives the temperature detection probe 313 to move back and forth. The temperature detection probe 313 can detect the temperature of various areas of the engine during the movement, thereby preventing the temperature from not dropping during the continuous cold start test of the engine, resulting in test errors, thereby improving the test accuracy.

[0016] See also Figure 1-Figure 7On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, the rapid cooling device 4 includes a cooling liquid pool 41, a liquid outlet pipe 42, a radiator 43, a liquid infusion pipe 44, a liquid inlet pipe 45, and a feed pipe 46. The cooling liquid pool 41 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the test bench 1, the liquid infusion pipe 44 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the cooling liquid pool 41, the right side of the radiator 43 is fixedly connected to the left side of the test bench 1, the rear end of the liquid outlet pipe 42 is fixedly connected to the front side of the radiator 43, the liquid inlet pipe 45 is fixedly connected to the front side of the cooling liquid pool 41, and the feed pipe 46 is fixedly connected to the front side of the cooling liquid pool 41. The cooling liquid after the heat dissipates flows from the liquid infusion pipe 44 into the cooling liquid pool 41 to wait for use, thereby improving the test efficiency of the cold start. The cooling additive is added to the cooling liquid pool 41 from the feed pipe 46. After the cooling additive and the coolant are mixed, the heat dissipation effect of the used coolant can be improved, and at the same time, it is prevented from generating scale in the cooling liquid pool 41 when the coolant is used for a long time, which is convenient for the subsequent cleaning of the cooling liquid pool 41 is cleaned, the rapid cooling device 4 also includes a guide rod 47, a sliding sleeve 48, a toggle plate 49, a connecting horizontal plate 410, and a connecting vertical plate 411. The guide rod 47 is fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the coolant pool 41, the sliding sleeve 48 is slidably connected to the circumferential surface of the guide rod 47, the toggle plate 49 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve 48, the connecting horizontal plate 410 is fixedly connected to the side of the moving block 311 away from the linear motor 2, the connecting vertical plate 411 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the connecting horizontal plate 410, the front end of the infusion tube 44 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the radiator 43, a water pump is provided between the liquid inlet pipe 45 and the coolant pool 41, the connecting vertical plate 411 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve 48, the toggle plate 49 moves back and forth in the coolant pool 41 and toggles the coolant, thereby improving the fluidity of the coolant, thereby improving the mixing efficiency of the coolant and the cooling additive, further promoting the heat dissipation effect of the coolant, and facilitating the coolant to cool the engine after cold start for multiple times.

[0017] Working principle: After the engine has undergone one or more cold start tests, the temperature of the engine rises. At this time, the water pump is started, and the water pump draws the coolant in the coolant pool 41 into the engine to cool the engine. When the engine is cooled, the coolant is discharged into the radiator 43 through the outlet pipe 42. The radiator 43 dissipates the heat of the heated coolant. The coolant after the heat is dissipated flows from the infusion pipe 44 into the coolant pool 41 to wait for use, thereby improving the test efficiency of the cold start. At this time, the cooling additive can be added to the coolant pool 41 from the feed pipe 46. The mixing of the cooling additive and the coolant can improve the heat dissipation effect of the used coolant and prevent the cold from escaping. When the coolant is used for a long time, scale is generated in the coolant pool 41, which facilitates the subsequent cleaning of the coolant pool 41. When the moving block 311 moves back and forth, it drives the connecting horizontal plate 410 to move back and forth, and the connecting horizontal plate 410 drives the connecting vertical plate 411 to move back and forth. The connecting vertical plate 411 drives the sliding sleeve 48 to slide back and forth on the guide rod 47, and the sliding sleeve 48 drives the toggle plate 49 to move back and forth in the coolant pool 41 and toggle the coolant, thereby improving the fluidity of the coolant, thereby improving the mixing efficiency of the coolant and the cooling additive, and further promoting the heat dissipation effect of the coolant, which is convenient for the coolant to cool the engine after cold start multiple times.

[0018] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas treatment device 5 includes an air collecting box 51, an air inlet 52, an exhaust pipe 53, and a filter 54. The air collecting box 51 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the coolant pool 41, the air inlet 52 is opened on the front side of the air collecting box 51, the exhaust pipe 53 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the inner wall of the air collecting box 51, and the filter 54 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the exhaust pipe 53. The exhaust gas discharged by the engine enters the air collecting box 51 to prevent the exhaust gas from being directly discharged into the test site and polluting the test environment. The exhaust gas treatment device 5 also includes a connecting shaft 55, a sliding rod 56, a transmission plate 57, a wall scraping ring 58, and a box cover 59. The connecting shaft 55 is fixedly connected to the sliding rod The circumferential surface of the movable sleeve 48, the sliding rod 56 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the connecting shaft 55, the transmission plate 57 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the sliding rod 56, the scraper ring 58 is fixedly connected to both sides of the transmission plate 57, and the box cover 59 is hinged on the inner surface of the left side of the air collecting box 51. The sliding rod 56 slides from the rear side of the inner wall of the coolant pool 41 to penetrate the rear side of the coolant pool 41. The outer surface of the scraper ring 58 and the inner wall of the air collecting box 51 are in contact with each other. The scraper ring 58 scrapes off the pollutant particles adhering to the inner wall of the air collecting box 51 through friction. At this time, the box cover 59 is opened to facilitate the removal of the pollutant particles in the air collecting box 51, thereby improving the exhaust gas treatment effect and facilitating the device to collect and treat the exhaust gas emitted by the engine for a long time.

[0019] Working principle: After the engine is cold started, exhaust gas is generated. The exhaust port of the engine is connected to the air inlet 52 on the air box 51. The exhaust gas discharged by the engine enters the air box 51 to prevent the exhaust gas from being directly discharged into the test site and polluting the test environment. The exhaust gas flows from the air box 51 to the exhaust pipe 53. The pollutant particles in the exhaust gas are blocked by the filter 54 in the exhaust pipe 53 and cannot be discharged outside the air box 51, while the gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe 53. At the same time, the sliding sleeve 48 drives the connecting The connecting shaft 55 moves back and forth, and the connecting shaft 55 drives the sliding rod 56 to slide back and forth, and the sliding rod 56 drives the transmission plate 57 to move back and forth, and the transmission plate 57 drives the scraper circle 58 to move back and forth and contact with the inner wall of the air collecting box 51 to generate friction. The scraper circle 58 scrapes off the pollutant particles adhering to the inner wall of the air collecting box 51 through friction. At this time, the box cover 59 is opened to facilitate the removal of the pollutant particles in the air collecting box 51, thereby improving the exhaust gas treatment effect and facilitating the device to collect and treat the exhaust gas emitted by the engine for a long time.

[0020] The present invention provides an engine cold start test device. There are many methods and ways to implement the technical solution. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention. All components not specified in this embodiment can be implemented by existing technologies.

Claims

1. An engine cold start test device, comprising a test bench (1), characterized in that: The upper surface of the test bench (1) is fixedly connected to a linear motor (2); the upper surface of the test bench (1) is fixedly connected to a holder (3); the upper surface of the holder (3) is fixedly connected to a support plate (31); the top of the support plate (31) is fixedly connected to a limiting arc plate (32); the inner surface of the holder (3) is slidably connected to a contact plate (33); the side of the contact plate (33) close to the support plate (31) is fixedly connected to an elastic telescopic rod (34); the side of the contact plate (33) close to the support plate (31) is fixedly connected to a contact rod (35); the end of the contact rod (35) away from the contact plate (33) is fixedly connected to a contact plate (34); An extrusion shaft (36) is connected, the upper surface of the test bench (1) is fixedly connected to a connecting plate (37), the side surface of the connecting plate (37) is fixedly connected to an elastic oil bag (38), a bag cover (39) is threadedly connected to a side of the elastic oil bag (38) close to the linear motor (2), an oil outlet pipe (310) is fixedly connected to a side of the elastic oil bag (38) close to the contact plate (33), a moving block (311) is fixedly connected to the moving end of the linear motor (2), a support rod (312) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the moving block (311), and a temperature detection probe (313) is fixedly connected to the top of the support rod (312); A rapid cooling device (4) for rapidly cooling the engine to facilitate multiple tests is provided below the test bench (1), and an exhaust gas treatment device (5) for collecting and treating exhaust gas emitted after a cold start of the engine is provided at the rear side of the test bench (1).

2. An engine cold start test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the elastic telescopic rod (34) away from the abutment plate (33) is fixedly connected to the support plate (31); the abutment rod (35) slides from the inner surface of the holder (3) to the outer surface of the holder (3); the oil outlet pipe (310) penetrates from the outer surface of the holder (3) to the inner surface of the holder (3); and a side of the extrusion shaft (36) away from the abutment rod (35) is in contact with the outer surface of the elastic oil bag (38).

3. An engine cold start test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rapid cooling device (4) comprises a cooling liquid pool (41), a liquid outlet pipe (42), a radiator (43), a liquid infusion pipe (44), a liquid inlet pipe (45), and a feed pipe (46); the cooling liquid pool (41) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the test bench (1); the liquid infusion pipe (44) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the cooling liquid pool (41); the right side of the radiator (43) is fixedly connected to the left side of the test bench (1); the rear end of the liquid outlet pipe (42) is fixedly connected to the front side of the radiator (43); the liquid inlet pipe (45) is fixedly connected to the front side of the cooling liquid pool (41); and the feed pipe (46) is fixedly connected to the front side of the cooling liquid pool (41).

4. An engine cold start test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rapid cooling device (4) also includes a guide rod (47), a sliding sleeve (48), a toggle plate (49), a connecting transverse plate (410), and a connecting vertical plate (411); the guide rod (47) is fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the cooling liquid pool (41); the sliding sleeve (48) is slidably connected to the circumferential surface of the guide rod (47); the toggle plate (49) is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve (48); the connecting transverse plate (410) is fixedly connected to the side of the moving block (311) away from the linear motor (2); and the connecting vertical plate (411) is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the connecting transverse plate (410).

5. An engine cold start test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front end of the liquid infusion pipe (44) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the radiator (43), a water pump is provided between the liquid inlet pipe (45) and the cooling liquid pool (41), and the connecting vertical plate (411) and the circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve (48) are fixedly connected.

6. An engine cold start test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The exhaust gas treatment device (5) comprises an air collecting box (51), an air inlet (52), an exhaust pipe (53), and a filter (54); the air collecting box (51) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the cooling liquid pool (41); the air inlet (52) is provided on the front side of the air collecting box (51); the exhaust pipe (53) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the inner wall of the air collecting box (51); and the filter (54) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the exhaust pipe (53).

7. An engine cold start test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The exhaust gas treatment device (5) further comprises a connecting shaft (55), a sliding rod (56), a transmission plate (57), a wall scraper ring (58), and a box cover (59); the connecting shaft (55) is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve (48); the sliding rod (56) is fixedly connected to the rear side surface of the connecting shaft (55); the transmission plate (57) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the sliding rod (56); the wall scraper ring (58) is fixedly connected to both sides of the transmission plate (57); and the box cover (59) is hinged to the left inner surface of the air collecting box (51).

8. An engine cold start test device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sliding rod (56) slides from the rear side of the inner wall of the cooling liquid pool (41) and penetrates out of the rear side of the cooling liquid pool (41), and the outer surface of the scraping ring (58) and the inner wall of the air collecting box (51) are in contact with each other.

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