Petroleum pollution detection equipment and chemical pollutant identification method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of pollutant detection, and particularly discloses petroleum pollution detection equipment and a chemical pollutant identification method.The petroleum pollution detection equipment comprises a lower shell, cuboid protrusions are arranged on the lower surface of the lower shell, the lower shell is of a hollow structure, and a set of moving wheels are arranged on the lower surface of the protruding section of the lower shell; a supporting plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the interior of the lower shell, and the supporting plate is aligned with the protruding section of the lower shell below. According to the petroleum pollution detection equipment and the chemical pollutant identification method, the lower shell and the upper shell which can move by utilizing the moving wheels are arranged, and the detector body is arranged in the lower shell to detect a petroleum pollution sample, so that the petroleum pollution sample can be rapidly detected on site on a pollution site; the time delay caused by sending the sample back to a laboratory for detection is avoided, the petroleum pollution condition can be quickly evaluated, and sudden pollution events can be timely dealt with.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pollutant detection, in particular to a petroleum pollution detection device and a chemical pollutant identification method. Background Art

[0002] Oil is one of the most important energy sources in the industrial field and is widely used in various fields. During the process of oil extraction or transportation, oil leakage may occur due to accidents, equipment aging or improper operation, causing pollution to the soil or water in the environment and affecting the ecological balance. In order to determine the scope and extent of oil pollution, it is necessary to detect and identify the oil pollution in a timely manner.

[0003] At present, the method usually adopted for detecting oil pollution is to first take samples at the polluted site, and then send the samples to the laboratory for experimental analysis, and draw conclusions about the oil pollution situation from the test results. However, it often takes a long time to complete a detection process from sampling on site to sending samples to the laboratory for testing. When faced with sudden oil pollution incidents, it is not conducive to the rapid assessment and timely response to the oil pollution situation. Traditional portable detection equipment has limitations due to its lack of sample collection function, which affects the speed of oil pollution detection. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a petroleum pollution detection device and a chemical pollutant identification method to solve the problem that the laboratory detection time of petroleum pollution mentioned in the above background technology is long and sudden pollution cannot be evaluated in time.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an oil pollution detection device and a chemical pollutant identification method, comprising a lower shell, the lower surface of the lower shell is provided with a rectangular protrusion, the lower shell is a hollow structure, the lower surface of the protruding section of the lower shell is provided with a group of moving wheels, an inner wall of one side of the inner shell is fixedly connected with a support plate, the support plate is aligned with the protruding section of the lower shell below, a detector body is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the support plate, the detector body is a portable gas chromatography-mass spectrometry instrument, the detector body transmits the detection result through a wireless signal, an upper shell is fixedly mounted above the lower shell through a connecting rod, the upper shell is hollow inside, a sampling switching structure is provided inside the upper shell, and the sampling switching structure can realize the collection process of different pollution samples by switching between a threaded sampling drill and a sampling tube;

[0006] Preferably, the sampling switching structure includes a No. 1 motor, which is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the upper shell, and the output section of the No. 1 motor passes through the surface of the upper shell and is connected to a driving gear, which is located inside the upper shell, and one side of the driving gear is meshed with a driven gear, and the lower surface of the driven gear is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the upper shell through an annular support block, and the surface of the driven gear is symmetrically provided with two circular through holes, and the upper surface of the driven gear is symmetrically provided with two No. 1 electric push rods, and the output ends of the two No. 1 electric push rods respectively pass through the circular through holes on both sides, and the upper and lower surfaces of the upper shell are respectively provided with circular holes, and the diameter of the circular holes on the surface of the upper shell is larger than the rotation radius of the No. 1 electric push rod, and the output end of the No. 1 electric push rod passes downward through the upper surface of the lower shell, and the upper surface of the lower shell is provided with the same circular hole as the surface of the upper shell.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the sampling process of different samples can be freely switched using the sampling switching structure.

[0008] Preferably, the output end of one of the electric push rods No. 1 is connected to a soil sample collection structure, and the output end of the other electric push rod No. 1 is connected to a water sample collection structure.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, soil samples and water samples can be collected respectively using the soil sample collection structure and the water sample collection structure.

[0010] Preferably, the soil sample collection structure includes a soil sample cylinder, which is a hollow cylindrical structure, the upper surface of the soil sample cylinder is connected to the output end of the No. 1 electric push rod, and a No. 2 motor is fixedly installed inside the soil sample cylinder, and the output end of the No. 2 motor passes through the lower surface of the soil sample cylinder and is connected to a threaded sampling drill; the water sample collection structure includes a water sample cylinder, which is a hollow cylindrical structure, the upper surface of the water sample cylinder is connected to the output end of another No. 1 electric push rod, and a No. 3 motor is fixedly installed inside the water sample cylinder, and the output end of the No. 3 motor is fixedly connected to a rotating drum, and the other end of the rotating drum is rotatably connected to the rotating drum The bottom surface of the rotating drum is connected to the inner part of the water sample cylinder, and a traction rope is wound around the outer surface of the rotating drum, one end of the traction rope is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating drum, and the other end of the traction rope passes through the lower surface of the water sample cylinder and is connected to a sampling cylinder, and the traction rope passes through the circular ring structure connected at the center of the lower surface of the water sample cylinder and is connected to the center of the upper surface of the sampling cylinder. The sampling cylinder is a hollow inverted frustum structure, and an inverted cone-shaped counterweight is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the sampling cylinder, and an annular water outlet is provided on the upper surface of the sampling cylinder. The annular water outlet on the upper surface of the sampling cylinder is connected internally by a connecting rod, and a filter is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the annular water outlet on the surface of the sampling cylinder.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotating threaded sampling drill can be used to collect soil samples, while the sampling tube can be used to collect water samples.

[0012] Preferably, a sample delivery structure is provided inside the lower shell, and the sample delivery structure realizes the sample delivery process before the detection of the collected samples through the No. 1 sample delivery board and the No. 2 sample delivery board.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the collected samples can be sent to the detection part for mass spectrometry analysis using the sample sending structure.

[0014] Preferably, the sample delivery structure includes a sampling through hole, which is arranged on the lower surface of the lower shell, and the sampling through hole is vertically located on the rotation path of the No. 1 electric push rod. A No. 1 sample delivery plate is arranged above the sampling through hole, and the No. 1 sample delivery plate is inclined. The lower surface of the No. 1 sample delivery plate is connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the lower shell through a bracket. The No. 1 sample delivery plate is a concave structure, and one side of the No. 1 sample delivery plate is rotatably connected to the No. 2 sample delivery plate, and the No. 2 sample delivery plate is a concave structure with a triangular feeding trough on the upper surface, and the end of the groove on the surface of the No. 2 sample delivery plate is aligned with the upper surface of the lower cylinder, and the surface of the No. 1 sample delivery plate is provided with a sample delivery through hole, and the sample delivery through hole is aligned with the sampling through hole.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the samples can be transported using the No. 1 sample delivery board and the No. 2 sample delivery board.

[0016] Preferably, a headspace bottle sampling structure is arranged above the lower cylinder, and the detection structure realizes the sampling process of the sample through the sealing structure formed by the lower cylinder and the upper cylinder.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution and utilizing the head space bottle sampling structure, the head space sampling process of the sample can be realized.

[0018] Preferably, the head space bottle sampling structure includes a No. 2 electric push rod, which is embedded and fixedly installed on the lower surface of the lower outer shell, and the output end of the No. 2 electric push rod is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the lower cylinder body, the lower cylinder body is a cylinder with an open upper surface, the interior of the lower cylinder body is hollow, and a heating plate is arranged in the hollow interior of the lower cylinder body, a push block is fixedly connected to one side surface of the lower cylinder body, and the upper surface of the push block contacts the lower surface of the No. 2 sample sending plate, a discharge pipe is penetrated by one side surface of the lower cylinder body, a valve is arranged inside the discharge pipe to control the opening and closing, a connecting pipe is arranged on one side of the discharge pipe, the connecting pipe is arranged to penetrate the side surface of the lower outer shell, and one end of the connecting pipe is arranged as a semicircular structure to accommodate the discharge pipe.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the No. 2 electric push rod can be used to push the lower cylinder upward to move and connect with the upper cylinder.

[0020] Preferably, an upper cylinder is arranged above the lower cylinder, and the upper cylinder is embedded and fixed on the lower surface of the support plate, the cross-section of the upper cylinder is n-shaped, the inner diameter of the upper cylinder is equal to the outer diameter of the lower cylinder, the interior of the upper cylinder is hollow, and an injection head is penetrated through the top surface of the upper cylinder, and the injection head is connected to the injection port of the detector body through a pipeline, and a sealing airbag is connected to the lower surface of the upper cylinder, and the sealing airbag is an inflatable structure, and a connecting cylinder is arranged inside the upper cylinder, and the connecting cylinder is an inverted U-shaped structure, and a driving rod is slidably penetrated through the surface of the upper cylinder, and the driving rod is a T-shaped structure, and a spring is arranged on the outer surface of the driving rod, one end of the spring is connected to the surface of the driving rod, and the other end of the spring is connected to the surface of the upper cylinder, and the other end of the driving rod penetrates the surface of the connecting cylinder and is connected with a piston, and the piston is slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting cylinder, and a pipeline is arranged on the other end surface of the connecting cylinder to be through-connected with the sealing airbag.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, a sealing structure can be formed by utilizing the connection between the lower cylinder and the upper cylinder to perform a headspace sampling process on the sample.

[0022] Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Use the moving wheels to move the device to the oil-contaminated area, use the No. 1 motor to switch the sampling structure, use the threaded sampling drill to sample the soil sample or use the sampling tube to collect the water sample;

[0024] Step 2: The collected samples are sent to the lower cylinder through the No. 1 sample delivery plate and the No. 2 sample delivery plate. The No. 2 electric push rod is used to push the lower cylinder and the upper cylinder upward to form a sealed headspace bottle structure. The sample is heated by a heating plate to make the pollutants in the sample volatilize upward. The gas sample is extracted by the injection head and injected into the detector body for mass spectrometry analysis of the pollutants.

[0025] Step 3: Analyze the mass spectrum analyzed by the detector, compare the sample mass spectrum with the standard mass spectrum library, and identify the contaminating compounds based on the characteristic ion peaks, molecular ion peaks, and fragment ion peaks of the mass spectrum.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution and utilizing the above steps, mass spectrometry analysis of samples and identification of compounds can be achieved.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the petroleum pollution detection equipment and chemical pollutant identification method:

[0028] 1. The present invention is provided with a lower housing and an upper housing that can be moved by means of moving wheels, and a detector body is arranged inside the lower housing to detect oil pollution samples, so that the oil pollution samples can be quickly detected on site at the pollution site, avoiding the time delay caused by sending the samples back to the laboratory for testing, and being able to quickly evaluate the oil pollution situation and respond to sudden pollution incidents in a timely manner;

[0029] Furthermore, the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry instrument can effectively analyze the components in the oil-contaminated samples by analyzing the mass spectra of the pollutants. The detection results are transmitted by wireless signals, and the mass spectra are analyzed with the standard mass spectrometry library to identify various types of chemical pollution in the oil pollution.

[0030] 2. The present invention is provided with a water sample collection structure and a soil sample collection structure, which can collect polluted water samples and soil samples respectively. The water sample collection structure controls the lowering and lifting of the sampling tube through a traction rope, and the counterweight block under the sampling tube ensures that the sampling tube can be smoothly sunk into the water to collect water samples, and the filter screen above can prevent impurities from entering. The soil sample collection structure uses a rotating threaded sampling drill to penetrate into the soil to collect soil samples. The water sample collection structure and the soil sample collection structure are freely switched by a No. 1 motor, so that the device can cope with a variety of oil pollution areas;

[0031] Furthermore, the samples collected by the water sample collection structure and the soil sample collection structure in the device are sent into the lower cylinder through the rotatably connected No. 1 sample delivery plate and the No. 2 sample delivery plate, and the rotatably arranged No. 2 sample delivery plate drives the No. 2 sample delivery plate to rotate synchronously during the process of the lower cylinder being lifted up and connected to the upper cylinder, thereby avoiding the interference of the No. 2 sample delivery plate with the movement of the lower cylinder;

[0032] Furthermore, the lower cylinder moves upward using the No. 2 electric push rod to seal with the upper cylinder to form a headspace bottle structure. The heating plate inside the lower cylinder heats the sample to cause the pollutants to volatilize, and the gas sample is drawn through the injection head and injected into the detector body for mass spectrometry analysis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a bottom view structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-section structure of the upper housing of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the front cross-section structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a bottom view of the structure of the driven gear of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the front cross-section structure of the driven gear of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the soil sample cylinder and the water sample cylinder of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle;

[0041] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-section structure of the lower housing of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the front cross-section structure of the lower cylinder of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper cylinder of the present invention when viewed from above;

[0044] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the front cross-section structure of the upper cylinder of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.13 For the present invention Fig.12 Enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle.

[0046] In the figure: 1. lower shell; 2. moving wheel; 3. support plate; 4. detector body; 5. upper shell; 6. No. 1 motor; 7. driving gear; 8. driven gear; 9. No. 1 electric push rod; 10. soil sample cylinder; 11. water sample cylinder; 12. No. 2 motor; 13. threaded sampling drill; 14. No. 3 motor; 15. rotating cylinder; 16. traction rope; 17. sampling cylinder; 18. filter; 19. sampling through hole; 20. No. 1 sample delivery board; 21. No. 2 sample delivery board; 22. sample delivery through hole; 23. No. 2 electric push rod; 24. lower cylinder; 25. heating plate; 26. push block; 27. discharge pipe; 28. connecting pipe; 29. ​​upper cylinder; 30. injection head; 31. sealing air bag; 32. connecting cylinder; 33. driving rod; 34. spring; 35. piston. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] See also Figure 1-Figure 13The present invention provides a technical solution: a petroleum pollution detection device and a chemical pollutant identification method, including a lower shell 1, a moving wheel 2, a support plate 3, a detector body 4, an upper shell 5, a No. 1 motor 6, a driving gear 7, a driven gear 8, a No. 1 electric push rod 9, a soil sample cylinder 10, a water sample cylinder 11, a No. 2 motor 12, a threaded sampling drill 13, a No. 3 motor 14, a rotating cylinder 15, a traction rope 16, a sampling cylinder 17, a filter 18, a sampling through hole 19, a No. 1 sample delivery plate 20, a No. 2 sample delivery plate 21, a sample delivery through hole 22, a No. 2 electric push rod 23, a lower cylinder 24, a heating plate 25, a push block 26, a discharge pipe 27, a connecting pipe 28, an upper cylinder 29, a sampling head 30, a sealing airbag 31, a connecting cylinder 32, a driving rod 33, a spring 34, and a piston 35.

[0049] A rectangular protrusion is provided on the lower surface of the lower shell 1. The lower shell 1 is a hollow structure. A group of moving wheels 2 are provided on the lower surface of the protruding section of the lower shell 1. A support plate 3 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the inner part of the lower shell 1. The support plate 3 is aligned with the protruding section of the lower shell 1 below. A detector body 4 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the support plate 3. The detector body 4 is a portable gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. The detector body 4 transmits the detection result through wireless signals. An upper shell 5 is fixed above the lower shell 1 through a connecting rod. The interior of the upper shell 5 is hollow. A sampling switching structure is provided inside the upper shell 5. The sampling switching structure can realize the collection process of different contaminated samples by switching between a threaded sampling drill 13 and a sampling tube 17. The sampling switching structure includes a No. 1 motor 6, and the No. 1 motor 6 is fixedly installed On the upper surface of the upper shell 5, the output section of the No. 1 motor 6 passes through the surface of the upper shell 5 and is connected to a driving gear 7. The driving gear 7 is located inside the upper shell 5. A driven gear 8 is meshed on one side of the driving gear 7. The lower surface of the driven gear 8 is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the upper shell 5 through an annular support block. Two circular through holes are symmetrically arranged on the surface of the driven gear 8. Two No. 1 electric push rods 9 are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the driven gear 8. The output ends of the two No. 1 electric push rods 9 respectively pass through the circular through holes on both sides. Circular holes are respectively arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the upper shell 5. The diameter of the circular hole on the surface of the upper shell 5 is larger than the rotation radius of the No. 1 electric push rod 9. The output end of the No. 1 electric push rod 9 passes downward through the upper surface of the lower shell 1, and the upper surface of the lower shell 1 is provided with the same circular hole as that on the surface of the upper shell 5.

[0050] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, when the device is used to detect petroleum pollution, the mobile wheel 2 is used to move the device to the polluted area so that the sampling through hole 19 on the lower surface of the lower shell 1 is aligned with the polluted area to be collected. When soil samples need to be collected, the No. 1 motor 6 on the upper surface of the upper shell 5 is started, and the No. 1 motor 6 drives the driving gear 7 to rotate, and the driving gear 7 drives the driven gear 8 to rotate. The rotating driven gear 8 drives the No. 1 electric push rod 9 on the surface to rotate, and when the soil sample cylinder 10 and the No. 1 electric push rod 9 are aligned with the sampling through hole 19 below, the contaminated soil sample can be collected by using the soil sample cylinder 10 and the threaded sampling drill 13. Similarly, when the No. 1 motor 6 is started to drive the driven gear 8 to rotate, and when the No. 1 electric push rod 9 and the water sample cylinder 11 are aligned with the sampling through hole 19 below, the contaminated water sample can be collected by using the water sample cylinder 11 and the sampling cylinder 17.

[0051] The output end of one of the No. 1 electric push rods 9 is connected to a soil sample collection structure, and the output end of the other No. 1 electric push rod 9 is connected to a water sample collection structure. The soil sample collection structure includes a soil sample cylinder 10, which is a hollow cylindrical structure. The upper surface of the soil sample cylinder 10 is connected to the output end of the No. 1 electric push rod 9. A No. 2 motor 12 is fixedly installed inside the soil sample cylinder 10. The output end of the No. 2 motor 12 passes through the lower surface of the soil sample cylinder 10 and is connected to a threaded sampling drill 13. The water sample collection structure includes a water sample cylinder 11, which is a hollow cylindrical structure. The upper surface of the water sample cylinder 11 is connected to the output end of the other No. 1 electric push rod 9. A No. 3 motor 14 is fixedly installed inside the water sample cylinder 11. The output end of the No. 3 motor 14 is fixedly installed inside the water sample cylinder 11. A rotating drum 15 is fixedly connected, and the other end of the rotating drum 15 is rotatably connected to the bottom surface inside the water sample cylinder 11. A traction rope 16 is wound around the outer surface of the rotating drum 15. One end of the traction rope 16 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating drum 15. The other end of the traction rope 16 passes through the lower surface of the water sample cylinder 11 and is connected to a sampling cylinder 17. The traction rope 16 passes through the circular ring structure connected at the center of the lower surface of the water sample cylinder 11 and is connected to the center of the upper surface of the sampling cylinder 17. The sampling cylinder 17 is a hollow inverted frustum structure. An inverted cone-shaped counterweight is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the sampling cylinder 17. An annular water outlet is provided on the upper surface of the sampling cylinder 17. The annular water outlet on the upper surface of the sampling cylinder 17 is connected internally by a connecting rod, and a filter screen 18 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the annular water outlet on the surface of the sampling cylinder 17.

[0052] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, in the process of collecting contaminated soil samples, the No. 2 motor 12 inside the soil sample cylinder 10 is started, and the No. 2 motor 12 drives the threaded sampling drill 13 to rotate. At the same time, the No. 1 electric push rod 9 at the soil sample cylinder 10 is started, and the No. 1 electric push rod 9 drives the threaded sampling drill 13 to downwardly pass through the sample delivery through hole 22 and the sampling through hole 19 and drill downward into the soil. The contaminated soil is collected by the rotating threaded sampling drill 13. After the collection, the threaded sampling drill 13 moves upward driven by the No. 1 electric push rod 9, and falls to the surface of the No. 1 sample delivery plate 20 under the action of centrifugal force. When the contaminated water sample is collected, the No. 3 motor 14 inside the water sample cylinder 11 is started, and the No. 3 motor 14 drives the rotating drum 15 to rotate. The rotating drum 15 is rotated. The rotation process will cause the traction rope 16 on the surface to be wound or released. When the traction rope 16 is released, it is immersed in water under the action of the counterweight block below the sampling tube 17, so that the sampling port on the upper surface of the sampling tube 17 is immersed in water, and the water sample enters the sampling tube 17 and is intercepted by the filter 18 to prevent debris from entering. After the water sample is collected, the No. 3 motor 14 is started to drive the rotating drum 15 to rotate in the opposite direction to cause the traction rope 16 to be wound. The traction rope 16 drives the sampling tube 17 to be lifted upward. When the lower surface of the sampling tube 17 contacts the No. 1 sample sending plate 20, the traction rope 16 is released again, so that the sampling tube 17 is dumped on the surface of the No. 1 sample sending plate 20, and the water sample flows out from the sampling port on the upper surface of the sampling tube 17 and flows to the surface of the No. 1 sample sending plate 20.

[0053] A sample delivery structure is provided inside the lower shell 1. The sample delivery structure realizes the sample delivery process before the collected sample is tested through a No. 1 sample delivery plate 20 and a No. 2 sample delivery plate 21. The sample delivery structure includes a sampling through hole 19. The sampling through hole 19 is provided on the lower surface of the lower shell 1. The sampling through hole 19 is located vertically on the rotation path of the No. 1 electric push rod 9. A No. 1 sample delivery plate 20 is provided above the sampling through hole 19. The No. 1 sample delivery plate 20 is tilted. The lower surface of the No. 1 sample delivery plate 20 is connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the lower shell 1 through a bracket. The No. 1 sample delivery plate 20 is a concave structure. One side of the No. 1 sample delivery plate 20 is rotatably connected to the No. 2 sample delivery plate 21. The No. 2 sample delivery plate 21 is a concave structure with a triangular feeding groove on the upper surface. The end of the groove on the surface of the No. 2 sample delivery plate 21 is aligned with the upper surface of the lower cylinder 24. The surface of the No. 1 sample delivery plate 20 is provided with a sample delivery through hole 22, and the sample delivery through hole 22 is aligned with the sampling through hole 19.

[0054] like Fig. 9 and Fig.10As shown, when the sample falls onto the surface of sample feeding plate No. 1 20, the sample will move downward along the inclined sample feeding plate No. 1 20 and enter the upper surface of sample feeding plate No. 2 21. Sample feeding plate No. 1 20 and sample feeding plate No. 2 21 are rotationally connected, so that sample feeding plate No. 2 21 will tilt downward under the action of the sample's gravity and align with the lower cylinder 24, and flow along the triangular feeding trough of sample feeding plate No. 2 21 to the interior of the lower cylinder 24 for further detection.

[0055] A headspace bottle sampling structure is arranged above the lower cylinder 24. The detection structure realizes the sampling process of the sample through the sealing structure formed by the lower cylinder 24 and the upper cylinder 29. The headspace bottle sampling structure includes a No. 2 electric push rod 23, which is embedded and fixedly installed on the lower surface of the lower shell 1. The output end of the No. 2 electric push rod 23 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the lower cylinder 24. The lower cylinder 24 is a cylinder with an open upper surface. The interior of the lower cylinder 24 is hollow. A heating The lower cylinder 24 is fixedly connected to a push block 26 on one side surface, and the upper surface of the push block 26 contacts the lower surface of the second sample delivery plate 21. A discharge pipe 27 is provided through one side surface of the lower cylinder 24. A valve is provided inside the discharge pipe 27 to control the opening and closing. A connecting pipe 28 is provided on one side of the discharge pipe 27. The connecting pipe 28 is provided through the side surface of the lower shell 1, and one end of the connecting pipe 28 is provided with a semicircular structure to accommodate the discharge pipe 27. An upper cylinder 29 is provided above the lower cylinder 24, and the upper The cylinder 29 is embedded and fixed on the lower surface of the support plate 3. The cross section of the upper cylinder 29 is n-shaped. The inner diameter of the upper cylinder 29 is equal to the outer diameter of the lower cylinder 24. The interior of the upper cylinder 29 is hollow, and the top surface of the upper cylinder 29 is penetrated by an injection head 30. The injection head 30 is connected to the injection port of the detector body 4 through a pipeline. The lower surface of the upper cylinder 29 is connected to a sealing airbag 31. The sealing airbag 31 is an inflatable structure. The interior of the upper cylinder 29 is provided with a connecting cylinder 32, and the connecting cylinder 32 is an inverted U The upper cylinder 29 has a T-shaped structure, and a driving rod 33 is slidably penetrated on the surface of the upper cylinder 29. The driving rod 33 is a T-shaped structure. A spring 34 is arranged on the outer surface of the driving rod 33. One end of the spring 34 is connected to the surface of the driving rod 33, and the other end of the spring 34 is connected to the surface of the upper cylinder 29. The other end of the driving rod 33 penetrates the surface of the connecting cylinder 32 and is connected to a piston 35. The piston 35 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting cylinder 32. A pipeline is arranged on the other end surface of the connecting cylinder 32 and is connected to the sealing airbag 31.

[0056] like Fig.11 , Fig.12 and Fig.13As shown, after the sample enters the lower cylinder 24 along the No. 2 sample feeding plate 21, the No. 2 electric push rod 23 is started, and the No. 2 electric push rod 23 pushes the lower cylinder 24 upward to move close to the upper cylinder 29. At this time, the push block 26 on one side of the lower cylinder 24 pushes the No. 2 sample feeding plate 21 upward to rotate on the side of the No. 1 sample feeding plate 20, so as to prevent the No. 2 sample feeding plate 21 from interfering with the movement of the lower cylinder 24. At the same time, the push block 26 is used to support the No. 2 sample feeding plate 21 all the time, and the lower cylinder 24 is inserted upward into the interior of the upper cylinder 29. The lower cylinder 24 pushes the driving rod 33 on the surface of the upper cylinder 29, and the driving rod 33 slides upward, and at the same time compresses the spring 34. The driving rod 33 drives the piston 35 upward to slide inside the connecting cylinder 32, and the piston 35 is connected to the connecting cylinder 32. During the internal sliding process of the cylinder 32, the air in the connecting cylinder 32 is squeezed to one side, so that the air in the connecting cylinder 32 enters the sealing airbag 31, causing the sealing airbag 31 to expand. After the lower cylinder 24 and the upper cylinder 29 are connected, the lower cylinder 24 and the upper cylinder 29 are sealed to increase the sealing degree of the connection between the lower cylinder 24 and the upper cylinder 29. The heating plate 25 is started, and the contaminated sample in the lower cylinder 24 is treated by the heating plate 25, so that the pollutants in the pollutants evaporate upward, and the sample in the lower cylinder 24 and the upper cylinder 29 is extracted into the sampling port of the detector body 4 by the injection head 30, and the sample is analyzed by the detector body 4 to obtain a mass spectrum of the petroleum contaminated sample, and subsequent mass spectrum analysis is performed.

[0057] Working principle: the device is moved by the moving wheel 2 to the oil-contaminated area, and the No. 1 motor 6 is started. The start of the No. 1 motor 6 drives the driven gear 8 to rotate, thereby realizing the switching between the threaded sampling drill 13 and the sampling tube 17. The threaded sampling drill 13 can be used to collect contaminated soil, and the sampling tube 17 can be used to collect water samples. The collected contaminated samples are transported to the lower cylinder 24 through the No. 1 sample delivery plate 20 and the No. 2 sample delivery plate 21, and the No. 2 electric push rod 23 is started. The No. 2 electric push rod 23 pushes the lower cylinder 24 upward to form a sealed headspace bottle structure with the upper cylinder 29, and the heating plate 25 inside the lower cylinder 24 is started to heat the sample, and the pollutants in the sample volatilize upward. The gas sample in the headspace bottle structure is injected into the detector body 4 by the injection head 30, and the detector body 4 is used to perform mass spectrometry analysis of the pollutants on the oil-contaminated sample, and the analyzed sample mass spectrum is compared with the standard mass spectrum library, so as to identify the oil-contaminated compounds.

[0058] While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A petroleum pollution detection device, comprising a lower shell (1), the lower surface of the lower shell (1) is provided with a rectangular protrusion, the lower shell (1) is a hollow structure, the lower surface of the protruding section of the lower shell (1) is provided with a group of moving wheels (2), the inner wall of one side of the inner side of the lower shell (1) is fixedly connected with a support plate (3), the support plate (3) is aligned with the protruding section of the lower shell (1) below, the upper surface of the support plate (3) is fixedly installed with a detector body (4), the detector body (4) is a portable gas chromatography-mass spectrometry instrument, the detector body (4) transmits the detection result through a wireless signal, and is characterized in that: An upper shell (5) is fixed above the lower shell (1) via a connecting rod; the interior of the upper shell (5) is hollow; a sampling switching structure is provided inside the upper shell (5); the sampling switching structure can realize the collection process of different contaminated samples by switching between a threaded sampling drill (13) and a sampling tube (17).

2. The oil pollution detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sampling switching structure comprises a No. 1 motor (6), the No. 1 motor (6) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the upper housing (5), the output section of the No. 1 motor (6) passes through the surface of the upper housing (5) and is connected to a driving gear (7), the driving gear (7) is located inside the upper housing (5), one side of the driving gear (7) is meshed with a driven gear (8), the lower surface of the driven gear (8) is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the upper housing (5) through an annular support block, and the surface of the driven gear (8) is symmetrically provided with two A circular through hole is formed on the upper surface of the driven gear (8), and two No. 1 electric push rods (9) are symmetrically arranged. The output ends of the two No. 1 electric push rods (9) respectively penetrate the circular through holes on both sides. The upper and lower surfaces of the upper shell (5) are respectively provided with circular holes. The diameter of the circular hole on the surface of the upper shell (5) is larger than the rotation radius of the No. 1 electric push rod (9). The output end of the No. 1 electric push rod (9) penetrates downwardly through the upper surface of the lower shell (1), and the upper surface of the lower shell (1) is provided with a circular hole similar to that on the surface of the upper shell (5).

3. The oil pollution detection device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The output end of one of the first electric push rods (9) is connected to a soil sample collection structure, and the output end of the other first electric push rod (9) is connected to a water sample collection structure.

4. The oil pollution detection device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The soil sample collection structure comprises a soil sample cylinder (10), which is a hollow cylindrical structure. The upper surface of the soil sample cylinder (10) is connected to the output end of a No. 1 electric push rod (9). A No. 2 motor (12) is fixedly installed inside the soil sample cylinder (10). The output end of the No. 2 motor (12) penetrates the lower surface of the soil sample cylinder (10) and is connected to a threaded sampling drill (13). The water sample collection structure comprises a water sample cylinder (11). The water sample cylinder (11) is a hollow cylindrical structure. The upper surface of the water sample cylinder (11) is connected to the output end of another No. 1 electric push rod (9). A No. 3 motor (14) is fixedly installed inside the water sample cylinder (11). The output end of the No. 3 motor (14) is fixedly connected to a rotating drum (15). The other end of the rotating drum (15) is rotatably connected to the rotating drum (15). On the bottom surface inside the water sample cylinder (11), a traction rope (16) is wound around the outer surface of the rotating cylinder (15), one end of the traction rope (16) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating cylinder (15), and the other end of the traction rope (16) passes through the lower surface of the water sample cylinder (11) and is connected to a sampling cylinder (17), and the traction rope (16) passes through the circular ring structure connected at the center of the lower surface of the water sample cylinder (11) and is connected to the center of the upper surface of the sampling cylinder (17). The sampling cylinder (17) is a hollow inverted frustum structure, and the lower surface of the sampling cylinder (17) is fixedly connected to an inverted cone-shaped counterweight block, and the upper surface of the sampling cylinder (17) is provided with an annular water outlet, and the annular water outlet on the upper surface of the sampling cylinder (17) is connected internally by a connecting rod, and a filter screen (18) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the annular water outlet on the surface of the sampling cylinder (17).

5. The oil pollution detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A sample delivery structure is arranged inside the lower housing (1), and the sample delivery structure implements a sample delivery process before testing of the collected samples through a No. 1 sample delivery board (20) and a No. 2 sample delivery board (21).

6. The oil pollution detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sample delivery structure comprises a sampling through hole (19), wherein the sampling through hole (19) is arranged on the lower surface of the lower housing (1), and the sampling through hole (19) is located vertically on the rotation path of the No. 1 electric push rod (9). A No. 1 sample delivery plate (20) is arranged above the sampling through hole (19), and the No. 1 sample delivery plate (20) is arranged obliquely. The lower surface of the No. 1 sample delivery plate (20) is connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the lower housing (1) through a bracket. The sample delivery plate (20) is a concave structure. One side of the No. 1 sample delivery plate (20) is rotatably connected to the No. 2 sample delivery plate (21). The No. 2 sample delivery plate (21) is a concave structure with a triangular feeding groove on the upper surface. The end of the groove on the surface of the No. 2 sample delivery plate (21) is aligned with the upper surface of the lower cylinder (24). The surface of the No. 1 sample delivery plate (20) is provided with a sample delivery through hole (22), and the sample delivery through hole (22) is aligned with the sampling through hole (19).

7. The oil pollution detection device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A headspace bottle sampling structure is arranged above the lower cylinder (24), and the detection structure realizes the sampling process of the sample through the sealing structure formed by the lower cylinder (24) and the upper cylinder (29).

8. The oil pollution detection device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The headspace bottle sampling structure comprises a No. 2 electric push rod (23), the No. 2 electric push rod (23) is embedded and fixedly installed on the lower surface of the lower shell (1), the output end of the No. 2 electric push rod (23) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the lower cylinder (24), the lower cylinder (24) is a cylinder with an open upper surface, the interior of the lower cylinder (24) is hollow, a heating plate (25) is arranged in the hollow interior of the lower cylinder (24), and one side surface of the lower cylinder (24) is fixedly A push block (26) is connected, and the upper surface of the push block (26) contacts the lower surface of the second sample delivery plate (21); a discharge pipe (27) is provided through one side surface of the lower cylinder (24); a valve is provided inside the discharge pipe (27) to control opening and closing; a connecting pipe (28) is provided on one side of the discharge pipe (27); the connecting pipe (28) passes through the side surface of the lower shell (1), and one end of the connecting pipe (28) is provided as a semicircular structure to accommodate the discharge pipe (27).

9. The oil pollution detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: An upper cylinder (29) is arranged above the lower cylinder (24) in alignment, and the upper cylinder (29) is embedded and fixed on the lower surface of the support plate (3). The cross section of the upper cylinder (29) is n-shaped, and the inner diameter of the upper cylinder (29) is equal to the outer diameter of the lower cylinder (24). The interior of the upper cylinder (29) is hollow, and an injection head (30) is provided through the top surface of the upper cylinder (29). The injection head (30) is connected to the injection port of the detector body (4) through a pipeline. The lower surface of the upper cylinder (29) is connected to a sealing airbag (31), and the sealing airbag (31) is an expandable structure. A connecting cylinder (32) is provided inside the upper cylinder (29). The connecting cylinder (32) is an inverted U-shaped structure. A driving rod (33) is slidably penetrated through the surface of the upper cylinder (29). The driving rod (33) is a T-shaped structure. A spring (34) is arranged on the outer surface of the driving rod (33). One end of the spring (34) is connected to the surface of the driving rod (33). The other end of the spring (34) is connected to the surface of the upper cylinder (29). The other end of the driving rod (33) penetrates the surface of the connecting cylinder (32) and is connected to a piston (35). The piston (35) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting cylinder (32). A pipeline is arranged on the other end surface of the connecting cylinder (32) and is connected to the sealing air bag (31).

10. A method for identifying chemical pollutants in petroleum pollution, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Use the moving wheel (2) to move the device to the oil-contaminated area, use the No. 1 motor (6) to switch the sampling structure, use the threaded sampling drill (13) to sample the soil sample or use the sampling tube (17) to collect the water sample; Step 2: The collected sample is delivered to the lower cylinder (24) through the No. 1 sample delivery plate (20) and the No. 2 sample delivery plate (21), and the No. 2 electric push rod (23) is used to push the lower cylinder (24) and the upper cylinder (29) upward to form a sealed headspace bottle structure, and the sample is heated by the heating plate (25) so that the pollutants in the sample are volatilized upward, and the gas sample is extracted by the injection head (30) and injected into the detector body (4) for mass spectrometry analysis of the pollutants; Step 3: Analyze the mass spectrum obtained by the detector body (4), compare the sample mass spectrum with the standard mass spectrum library, and identify the contaminating compounds based on the characteristic ion peaks, molecular ion peaks, and fragment ion peaks of the mass spectrum.

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