A time-to-digital converter based speed measurement system, method, device and medium

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of time-to-digital converter-based speed measurement system, method, equipment and medium, specifically relates to speed detection technical field, its technical points are: system includes: detection module, for collecting multiple state detection signals of the object to be measured speed;Signal conditioning module is for signal processing to multiple state detection signals collected by detection module, outputs multiple state detection signals after processing;TDC module is for receiving multiple state detection signals after processing, and the time interval between multiple state detection signals and adjacent reference clock pulse signal is measured, and time interval data is obtained;Data processing module is for receiving the time interval data output by TDC module, and the moving speed data of the object to be measured speed is calculated using time interval data;Error compensation module is for using least square method to carry out error compensation to the moving speed data measured, to obtain the moving speed data after error compensation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of speed detection technology, specifically to a speed measurement system, method, device, and medium based on a time-to-digital converter. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, speed measurement methods typically employ photoelectric speed measurement or radar speed measurement. Photoelectric speed measurement is relatively simple to install and has high measurement accuracy when the object being measured passes by at low speeds. However, when the object's speed is high, problems arise such as low measurement accuracy and limited measurement range. Meanwhile, most radar speed measurement systems use a microcontroller as the main controller and employ a counting and frequency discrimination method. Their test circuits are complex, their measurement functions are limited, and their accuracy is not high, severely restricting the application and promotion of speed measurement products.

[0003] Meanwhile, existing speed measurement equipment is susceptible to environmental interference. For example, some radar speed measurement systems are easily affected by surrounding electromagnetic signals. For laser speed measurement and optical speed measurement systems, severe weather conditions such as heavy rain, fog, and sandstorms can seriously affect the accuracy of the measurement. When the laser passes through these severe weather environments, it will undergo scattering and refraction, which will interfere with the optical path of the measurement and thus affect the speed measurement results.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a speed measurement system, method, device and medium based on a time-to-digital converter to solve the aforementioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is that existing speed measurement systems are easily affected by environmental factors, and suffer from low measurement accuracy and limited speed measurement range. The purpose is to provide a speed measurement system, method, device, and medium based on a time-to-digital converter (TDC). By employing an electromagnetic induction sensor as the signal acquisition device, it overcomes the environmental interference issues inherent in existing technologies. Furthermore, by setting three detection units along the speed measurement path to collect multiple state detection signals, it can be used for both speed and acceleration detection. Two TDC units convert the collected state detection signals to obtain time interval data, which is then used by a data processing module to calculate motion data. Simultaneously, the TDC allows for precise measurement of the time interval between two events, achieving a time resolution down to the picosecond level. This provides highly accurate time data for speed measurement applications requiring precise time difference measurement, enabling accurate speed calculation. This level of accuracy is difficult to achieve with existing speed measurement methods, thus solving the problems of limited measurement range and low measurement accuracy in existing technologies.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A speed measurement system based on a time-to-digital converter, the system comprising:

[0008] The detection module is used to collect multiple state detection signals of the object whose velocity is to be measured;

[0009] The signal conditioning module is used to process multiple state detection signals collected by the detection module and output the processed multiple state detection signals.

[0010] The TDC module is used to receive multiple processed state probe signals and measure the time interval between the multiple state probe signals and the adjacent reference clock pulse signal to obtain time interval data.

[0011] The data processing module is used to receive the time interval data output by the TDC module and use the time interval data to calculate the moving speed data of the object to be measured.

[0012] Furthermore, the detection module includes a first detection unit, a second detection unit, and a third detection unit;

[0013] The first detection unit, the second detection unit, and the third detection unit are sequentially arranged on the speed measurement path;

[0014] The first detection unit is used to acquire the first initial state signal of the object to be measured, the second detection unit is used to acquire the first final state signal and the second initial state signal of the object to be measured, and the third detection unit is used to acquire the second final state signal of the object to be measured.

[0015] Furthermore, the TDC module includes a first TDC unit and a second TDC unit;

[0016] The first TDC unit is used to receive the first start state signal and the first end state signal, and to measure the first time interval data between the first start state signal and the first end state signal and the adjacent reference clock pulse signal; the second TDC unit is used to receive the second start state signal and the second end state signal, and to measure the second time interval data between the second start state signal and the second end state signal and the adjacent reference clock pulse signal.

[0017] Furthermore, the error compensation module is used to perform error compensation on the measured moving speed data using the least squares method to obtain the error-compensated moving speed data.

[0018] Furthermore, the first detection unit, the second detection unit, and the third detection unit all employ electromagnetic induction sensors.

[0019] Furthermore, both the first TDC unit and the second TDC unit employ a TDC time-to-digital converter.

[0020] The present invention also provides a speed measurement method based on a time-to-digital converter, which is used in a speed measurement system based on a time-to-digital converter as described in any one of the above claims, and the method includes:

[0021] Multiple state detection signals of the object to be measured are collected, and the multiple state detection signals are processed to obtain multiple processed state detection signals.

[0022] The time intervals between multiple state detection signals and adjacent reference clock pulse signals are measured to obtain time interval data, and the moving speed data of the object to be measured is calculated using the time interval data.

[0023] Furthermore, the method also includes: using the least squares method to perform error compensation on the measured moving speed data to obtain error-compensated moving speed data.

[0024] The present invention also provides a computer device, including a system memory and a processor, wherein the system memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of any of the methods described above.

[0025] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the methods described above.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. In this invention, by employing an electromagnetic induction sensor as the signal acquisition device, the problem of prior art being easily affected by environmental interference can be solved. Furthermore, by setting three detection units along the speed measurement path, multiple state detection signals are collected, which can be used for both speed and acceleration detection. Two Time-to-Digital Converter (TDC) units are used to convert the collected state detection signals to obtain time interval data, which is then used by the data processing module to calculate the movement data. Simultaneously, the TDC time-to-digital converter can accurately measure the time interval between two events, achieving a time resolution at the picosecond level. This provides highly accurate time data for speed measurement applications requiring precise time difference measurement, enabling accurate speed calculation. This level of accuracy is difficult to achieve with existing speed measurement methods, thus solving the problems of limited measurement range and low measurement accuracy in existing technologies.

[0028] 2. In this invention, time interval measurements can be completed quickly, enabling the acquisition of large amounts of measurement data in a short time. For high-speed moving objects or scenarios requiring real-time monitoring of speed changes, the system can respond quickly and provide accurate speed information in a timely manner, meeting the real-time requirements for speed measurement. The ability to rapidly collect and process large amounts of speed data facilitates more precise analysis and research into the details of speed changes, such as in scientific experiments and high-speed automated production scenarios where high-frequency speed data acquisition is required. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system module connection of a speed measurement system based on a time-to-digital converter in this embodiment;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of a signal conditioning circuit in a speed measurement system based on a time-to-digital converter in this embodiment.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of a speed measurement method based on a time-to-digital converter in this embodiment;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the signal waveform in a speed measurement method based on a time-to-digital converter in this embodiment;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device in this embodiment.

[0035] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names:

[0036] 100. Detection module; 101. First detection unit; 102. Second detection unit; 103. Third detection unit; 200. Signal conditioning module; 300. TDC module; 301. First TDC unit; 302. Second TDC unit; 400. Data processing module; 500. Error compensation module. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The exemplary embodiments of this disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, including various details of the embodiments to aid understanding, and should be considered merely exemplary. Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Similarly, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of well-known functions and structures are omitted in the following description.

[0038] In this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, the use of terms such as "first," "second," etc., to describe various elements is not intended to define the positional, temporal, or importance relationships of these elements; such terms are merely used to distinguish one element from another. In some examples, the first element and the second element may refer to the same instance of that element, while in other cases, based on the context, they may refer to different instances.

[0039] The terminology used in the description of the various examples in this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular examples only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context explicitly indicates otherwise, an element may be one or more unless the number of elements is specifically limited. Furthermore, the term "and / or" as used in this disclosure covers any one of the listed items and all possible combinations thereof.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] See Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the system module connection of a speed measurement system based on a time-to-digital converter. This embodiment provides a speed measurement system based on a time-to-digital converter, comprising:

[0042] The detection module 100 is used to collect multiple state detection signals of the object whose velocity is to be measured;

[0043] Specifically, in this embodiment, the detection module 100 includes a first detection unit 101, a second detection unit 102, and a third detection unit 103;

[0044] The first detection unit 101, the second detection unit 102 and the third detection unit 103 are sequentially arranged on the speed measurement path;

[0045] The first detection unit 101 is used to collect the first initial state signal of the object to be measured, the second detection unit 102 is used to collect the first final state signal and the second initial state signal of the object to be measured, and the third detection unit 103 is used to collect the second final state signal of the object to be measured.

[0046] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the first end state signal and the second start state signal can be the same detection signal, and it is not necessary for the same detection unit to collect them repeatedly. It should also be noted that in this embodiment, the first detection unit 101, the second detection unit 102 and the third detection unit 103 all use electromagnetic induction sensors to collect raw detection signals related to speed. These detection signals reflect the motion state of the object to be measured. In this embodiment, three electromagnetic induction sensors are set on the speed measurement path to record the start state signal and the end state signal respectively, and then the signals are transmitted through SPI communication.

[0047] The signal conditioning module 200 is used to process multiple state detection signals collected by the detection module 100 and output the processed multiple state detection signals.

[0048] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the signal conditioning module 200 adopts a signal conditioning circuit, and the circuit diagram can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 2 As shown, the weak and potentially noisy signal output by the electromagnetic induction sensor is amplified and shaped by the signal conditioning circuit. Amplification brings the signal amplitude to a processable range, while shaping converts the signal into a standard digital pulse, which is easier for the subsequent TDC module to identify and improves signal quality to reduce interference. In this embodiment, the input current signal is amplified, converted into a voltage signal, and shaped. The output signal is specifically an amplified and shaped pulse signal.

[0049] The TDC module 300 is used to receive multiple processed state detection signals and measure the time interval between the multiple state detection signals and the adjacent reference clock pulse signal to obtain time interval data.

[0050] Specifically, in this embodiment, the TDC module 300 includes a first TDC unit 301 and a second TDC unit 302; the first TDC unit 301 is used to receive a first start state signal and a first end state signal, and to measure a first time interval data between the first start state signal and the first end state signal and an adjacent reference clock pulse signal; the second TDC unit 302 is used to receive a second start state signal and a second end state signal, and to measure a second time interval data between the second start state signal and the second end state signal and an adjacent reference clock pulse signal.

[0051] It should be noted that in this embodiment, both the first TDC unit 301 and the second TDC unit 302 adopt a TDC time-to-digital converter. The TDC time converter is an MS1030 chip, which can accurately measure the time interval between adjacent pulses of a pulse signal. With its internal high-precision clock source and algorithm, it can achieve a high resolution at the picosecond level. The time interval data is then transmitted via SPI communication.

[0052] The data processing module 400 is used to receive the time interval data output by the TDC module 300 and use the time interval data to calculate the moving speed data of the object to be measured.

[0053] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the moving speed of the object to be measured is calculated by receiving the time interval data output by two TDC units and using the two time interval data.

[0054] Furthermore, the error compensation module 500 is used to perform error compensation on the measured moving speed data using the least squares method to obtain the error-compensated moving speed data.

[0055] Specifically, in this embodiment, by using an electromagnetic induction sensor as a signal acquisition device, the problem of environmental interference in existing technologies can be solved. Furthermore, by setting three detection units along the speed measurement path, multiple state detection signals are collected, which can be used for both speed and acceleration detection. Two TDC units are used to convert the collected state detection signals to obtain time interval data, which is then used by the data processing module 400 to calculate the movement data. Simultaneously, the TDC time-to-digital converter can accurately measure the time interval between two events, achieving a time resolution at the picosecond level. This provides highly accurate time data for speed measurement applications requiring precise time difference measurement, enabling accurate speed calculation. This level of accuracy is difficult to achieve with existing speed measurement methods, thus solving the problems of limited measurement range and low measurement accuracy in existing technologies.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] See Figure 3 As shown, the present invention also provides a speed measurement method based on a time-to-digital converter, which is used in a speed measurement system based on a time-to-digital converter as described in any one of the above claims. The method includes:

[0058] S1: Collect multiple state detection signals of the object to be measured, and process the multiple state detection signals to obtain the processed multiple state detection signals;

[0059] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the multiple state detection signals include a first initial state signal, a first final state signal, a second initial state signal, and a second final state signal. Signal processing is performed on the multiple state detection signals to obtain a processed pulse signal.

[0060] S2: Measure the time interval between multiple state detection signals and adjacent reference clock pulse signals to obtain time interval data, and use the time interval data to calculate the moving speed data of the object to be measured.

[0061] It should be noted that in this embodiment, a stable reference clock signal, namely the reference clock pulse signal, is used in the time data converter (TDC) to improve the accuracy of the measurement.

[0062] Specifically, in this embodiment, the TDC chip does not measure the entire time interval, but only the interval time between the initial state signal or the end state signal and the adjacent reference clock pulse signal (precision counter). Between the two precision measurements, the TDC records the number of cycles of the reference clock pulse signal (coarse counter). See details below. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, Ref.clock is the reference clock pulse signal, start is the initial state signal acquisition curve, stop is the end state signal acquisition curve, finecount1 is the interval between the rising edge of the initial signal and the rising edge of the reference clock pulse signal of the next cycle, finecount2 is the interval between the rising edge of the end signal and the rising edge of the reference clock pulse signal of the next cycle, coarsecount is the number of cycles of the reference clock pulse signal, cal1 is one cycle interval of the reference clock pulse signal, cal2 is two cycle intervals of the reference clock pulse signal, and the final measured time interval is time = Tref × (Cc + (Fc1 - Fc2) / (Cal2 - Cal1)), where time represents the measured time interval data, Tref represents the total sampling period; Cc represents the complete number of cycles from the starting rising edge of Start to the starting rising edge of Stop; Fc1 represents the time from the starting rising edge of Start to the end of the cycle; Fc2 represents the time from the starting rising edge of Stop to the end of the cycle; Cal2 represents two sampling periods; Cal1 represents one sampling period.

[0063] Finally, the moving speed data of the object being measured is calculated using the time interval data. Where Δt represents the moving speed data of the object to be measured, s represents the distance of the test path, and t2 and t1 represent two time intervals.

[0064] Furthermore, the least squares method is used to compensate for the error in the measured moving speed data to obtain the error-compensated moving speed data.

[0065] Specifically, the least squares method is used to find the best function match for the data by minimizing the sum of squares of the errors, so that the sum of squares of the errors between the obtained moving speed data and the actual data is minimized. In this embodiment, multiple sets of data containing independent variables (factors affecting the error) and corresponding error values ​​are collected, and a linear function between the error and the independent variables is fitted using the least squares method. In actual operation, the real-time values ​​of the independent variables are substituted into the fitted function to calculate the corresponding error estimate, and then the original measurement value is compensated accordingly, thereby achieving error compensation.

[0066] It should be noted that the steps in the method of this embodiment correspond to the functions of each module in the system of embodiment 1. The remaining functions in the system of embodiment 1 have been described in detail in embodiment 1. Therefore, the details of each step in the method will not be described in this embodiment 2.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] See Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment also provides a computer device, including a system memory 1005 and a processor 1001. The system memory 1005 stores a computer program, and the processor 1001 executes the computer program to implement the steps of any of the methods described above.

[0069] It should be noted that the processor 1001 is used to execute the steps in the above method embodiments according to the instructions in the program code. Alternatively, when the processor 1001 executes the computer program, it implements the functions of each module / unit in the above system / device embodiments.

[0070] Specifically, in this embodiment, the computer program can be divided into one or more modules / units. One or more modules / units are stored in the system memory 1005 and executed by the processor 1001 to complete this application. One or more modules / units can be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions, which describe the execution process of the computer program in the terminal device.

[0071] The terminal device can be a desktop computer, laptop, handheld computer, or cloud server, etc. The terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a processor 1001 and a system memory 1005. Those skilled in the art will understand that this does not constitute a limitation on the terminal device, which may include more or fewer components than shown, or a combination of certain components, or different components. For example, the terminal device may also include an input / output device 1003, a network access device 1002, a bus 1006, etc.

[0072] The processor 1001 can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0073] System memory 1005 can be an internal storage unit of the terminal device, such as a hard drive or RAM. System memory 1005 can also be a storage device 1004 of the terminal device, such as an external hard drive, SmartMedia Card (SMC), Secure Digital (SD) card, or FlashCard. Furthermore, system memory 1005 can include both internal storage units and storage device 1004. System memory 1005 is used to store computer programs and other programs and data required by the terminal device. System memory 1005 can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0074] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0075] Example 4

[0076] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the methods described above.

[0077] The computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media (a non-exhaustive list) include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), registers, hard disks, optical fibers, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof, or any other form of computer-readable storage medium in the art.

[0078] An exemplary storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and storage medium can reside within an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). In embodiments of the invention, the computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, system, or device.

[0079] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A speed measurement system based on a time-to-digital converter, characterized in that the system... include: A detection module is used to collect multiple state detection signals of the object to be measured; wherein, the detection module includes a first detection unit, a second detection unit and a third detection unit; the first detection unit, the second detection unit and the third detection unit are sequentially arranged on the speed measurement path; the first detection unit is used to collect a first starting state signal of the object to be measured, the second detection unit is used to collect a first ending state signal and a second starting state signal of the object to be measured, and the third detection unit is used to collect a second ending state signal of the object to be measured. The signal conditioning module is used to process multiple state detection signals collected by the detection module and output the processed multiple state detection signals. The TDC module is used to receive multiple processed state probe signals and measure the time intervals between the multiple state probe signals and adjacent reference clock pulse signals to obtain time interval data. The TDC module includes a first TDC unit and a second TDC unit. The first TDC unit is used to receive a first start state signal and a first end state signal, and measure the first time interval data between the first start state signal and the first end state signal and adjacent reference clock pulse signals. The second TDC unit is used to receive a second start state signal and a second end state signal, and measure the second time interval data between the second start state signal and the second end state signal and adjacent reference clock pulse signals. The time interval data is given by time = Tref × (Cc + (Fc1 - Fc2) / (Cal2 - Cal1)), where time represents the measured time interval data, Tref represents the total sampling period, Cc represents the number of complete cycles from the rising edge of the Start detection to the rising edge of the Stop detection, Fc1 represents the time from the rising edge of the Start detection to the end of the period, Fc2 represents the time from the rising edge of the Stop detection to the end of the period, Cal2 represents two sampling periods, and Cal1 represents one sampling period. The data processing module is used to receive the time interval data output by the TDC module and use the time interval data to calculate the moving speed data of the object to be measured.

2. The speed measurement system based on a time-to-digital converter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The error compensation module is used to compensate for errors in the measured moving speed data using the least squares method, so as to obtain the error-compensated moving speed data.

3. The speed measurement system based on a time-to-digital converter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first detection unit, the second detection unit, and the third detection unit all use electromagnetic induction sensors.

4. The speed measurement system based on a time-to-digital converter according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first TDC unit and the second TDC unit use a TDC time-to-digital converter.

5. A speed measurement method based on a time-to-digital converter, characterized in that, This method is used in a speed measurement system based on a time-to-digital converter as described in any one of claims 1-4, the method comprising: Multiple state detection signals of the object to be measured are collected, and the multiple state detection signals are processed to obtain multiple processed state detection signals. The time intervals between multiple state detection signals and adjacent reference clock pulse signals are measured to obtain time interval data, and the moving speed data of the object to be measured is calculated using the time interval data.

6. The speed measurement method based on a time-to-digital converter according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method also includes: using the least squares method to perform error compensation on the measured moving speed data to obtain error-compensated moving speed data.

7. A computer device comprising a system memory and a processor, wherein the system memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method described in any one of claims 5 to 6.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method described in any one of claims 5 to 6.

Images