Multi-target integrated control system for start-stop process of thermal power generating unit

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-target integrated control system for the start-stop process of a thermal power generating unit, and relates to the technical field of thermal power generating unit control. The thermal power generating unit control center is in communication connection with a data acquisition module, a state monitoring module, an abnormity early warning module, a multi-objective optimization module, a start-stop control module and a man-machine interaction module. By monitoring the SO2 concentration of the flue gas, the pH value of the slurry and the running state of the slurry circulating pump in real time, abnormal conditions in the system can be found and treated in time, when parameters deviate from a set range, the control system can quickly respond and adjust the running parameters of the slurry circulating pump, it is ensured that the SO2 emission concentration of the flue gas and the pH value of the slurry are kept within the environment-friendly requirement, and the environmental protection requirement is met. Meanwhile, overload or faults of the slurry circulating pump are avoided, the stability and reliability of system operation are greatly improved, the downtime caused by equipment faults or parameter anomalies is shortened, and therefore the overall operation efficiency of the thermal power generating unit is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of thermal power unit control, and in particular to a multi-objective integrated control system for the start-stop process of a thermal power unit. Background Art

[0002] As an important part of the power system, the operation and management of thermal power plants involve many links and equipment. With the increasingly stringent environmental protection regulations, thermal power plants need to take effective desulfurization, denitrification and other measures to reduce pollutant emissions. Therefore, during the start and stop process of thermal power units, multiple parameters need to be precisely controlled to ensure the safe and stable operation of thermal power plants. By adopting advanced computer technology, network communication technology and control algorithms, precise control of the start and stop process of thermal power units can be achieved, thereby improving the level of automated management of thermal power plants.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent publication number: CN114625186A discloses a multi-objective integrated control system and control method for the start-stop process of a thermal power unit, including a clean flue gas SO2 concentration control module, a slurry pH value control module, and a slurry circulation pump operation combined scheduling module.

[0004] In the prior art, the overall FGD desulfurization system is always kept in the best operating condition by optimizing the adjustment of the control system, so as to solve the problem that the current FGD system has a very low automatic level and almost completely relies on manual adjustment by the operating personnel. However, when controlling the flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and the operating status of the slurry circulation pump, abnormal interference is prone to occur during measurement, resulting in deviations, which makes it difficult for the control system to accurately control various parameters. Therefore, how to monitor and analyze various parameters, weaken the interference of abnormal conditions, and optimize the operating status of the unit is a problem we need to solve. For this purpose, a multi-objective integrated control system for the start-stop process of a thermal power unit is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-objective integrated control system for the start-stop process of a thermal power unit to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A multi-objective integrated control system for the start-stop process of a thermal power unit, comprising a thermal power unit control center, wherein the thermal power unit control center is communicatively connected with a data acquisition module, a state monitoring module, an abnormal warning module, a multi-objective optimization module, a start-stop control module and a human-computer interaction module, wherein electrical signals are connected between the modules;

[0008] The data acquisition module is used to collect the data related to the parameters of flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and slurry circulation pump operation status, and perform pre-processing operations such as cleaning, verification and formatting on the collected data to ensure that the system can obtain the latest and accurate operation data in a timely manner, providing a basis for subsequent analysis and control;

[0009] The status monitoring module monitors various parameter data in real time, determines whether each parameter is within the normal range, promptly discovers and warns of potential problems, and provides guarantee for the stable operation of the system;

[0010] The abnormal warning module is used to monitor and analyze the status of various parameters in the system in real time, diagnose abnormal situations, and warn and take corresponding measures according to the severity of the abnormal situation to avoid the occurrence or expansion of abnormalities and improve the reliability and safety of the system;

[0011] The multi-objective optimization module determines the optimal control strategy based on multiple objectives such as flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and slurry circulation pump operating status, combined with status monitoring and abnormal warning results, to achieve coordinated control among multiple parameters and improve the overall performance and efficiency of the system;

[0012] The start-stop control module, according to the optimized control strategy, performs precise start-stop control on the flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and slurry circulation pump, ensuring that each parameter can be stably maintained within the set target range, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of the control system;

[0013] The human-computer interaction module provides an interactive interface between the operator and the control system, displays real-time data and status during the start-up and shutdown process, and receives control instructions from the operator, thereby improving the usability and operability of the system and enabling the operator to more conveniently manage and control the start-up and shutdown process of the thermal power unit.

[0014] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: in the data acquisition module, the acquisition process of each parameter association data includes:

[0015] Deploy various types of sensors to monitor the SO2 concentration in flue gas, the pH value of the slurry, and the operating status of the slurry circulation pump. The sensors include SO2 concentration sensors, pH sensors, and status sensors. Install SO2 concentration sensors at the flue gas outlet to monitor the SO2 concentration in the flue gas in real time. Install pH sensors in the slurry pool to monitor the acidity and alkalinity of the slurry. Install status sensors on the slurry circulation pump to monitor the operating status of the pump (speed, current, vibration, etc.);

[0016] The deployed sensors collect data on flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value, and slurry circulation pump operating status from on-site equipment and transmit them wirelessly to the thermal power unit control center;

[0017] Perform pre-processing operations such as data cleaning, data verification and data formatting on the collected data, and convert the data into a unified unit and data structure to generate standardized data records, including timestamps, sensor numbers, and data values;

[0018] Build a data warehouse and store the preprocessed data in the data warehouse to facilitate subsequent analysis and processing, and set up data backup and recovery strategies to ensure data security and recoverability.

[0019] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: in the state monitoring module, the process of judging whether each parameter is within a normal range includes:

[0020] According to process requirements and safety standards, set the normal operating benchmark threshold range for each monitoring parameter. The benchmark threshold includes the upper and lower limits of the normal value, and set the monitoring frequency, that is, how often the system collects and monitors parameter data;

[0021] Call the real-time monitoring data of various parameters after preprocessing from the data warehouse, including flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and slurry circulation pump operating status (speed, current, vibration) parameters, to ensure that the called data is the latest and preprocessed;

[0022] For each parameter, calculate the degree of deviation between its real-time monitoring value and the benchmark threshold, and calculate the abnormal deviation index based on the deviation size, analyze the severity of the deviation, and determine whether each parameter is within the normal range;

[0023] Analyze the parameter status according to the abnormal deviation index. If the parameter is within the normal range, continue monitoring. If it is beyond the normal range, mark it as abnormal and record the time when the abnormality occurred, parameter name, abnormal value and abnormal deviation index.

[0024] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the calculation expression of the abnormal deviation index is:

[0025]

[0026] Where ADI is the abnormal deviation index, V R is the real-time monitoring value, V N is the center point of the benchmark threshold, that is V min is the lower limit of the reference threshold, V maxis the upper limit of the reference threshold, k is a weighting factor used to adjust the sensitivity of the deviation, and its value is greater than 0. The value range of ADI is between 0 and 1. When V R Close to V N When ADI is close to 0, it means the parameters are within the normal range. R Severe deviation from V N When ADI is close to 1, it means that the parameter is seriously out of the normal range.

[0027] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in the abnormal warning module, the abnormal situation diagnosis process includes:

[0028] Extract the pre-processed parameter data (flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value, and operating status of the slurry circulation pump) from the data warehouse, and use the status monitoring module to check whether the flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value, and operating parameters of the slurry circulation pump have been marked as abnormal;

[0029] Combine the abnormal deviation index of multiple parameters, calculate the abnormal assessment coefficient comprehensively, measure the overall abnormality of the system, and diagnose the specific abnormal type according to the abnormal assessment coefficient and the deviation of each parameter, including excessive SO2 in flue gas, pH imbalance in slurry or failure of slurry circulation pump;

[0030] According to the size of the abnormality assessment coefficient and the abnormality diagnosis result, the abnormality is divided into different abnormality levels, namely, slight abnormality level, medium abnormality level and severe abnormality level, and the corresponding warning threshold and response measures are matched for each abnormality level;

[0031] Based on the determined abnormality level, early warnings are issued to operators and the thermal power unit control center through sound and light alarms, text messages, emails, and application push, and corresponding response measures are implemented.

[0032] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the calculation process of the abnormality assessment coefficient is:

[0033] Obtain the abnormal deviation index of each monitoring parameter (flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value, operating status of slurry circulation pump, etc.), add the values ​​of the abnormal deviation index of all parameters, divide by the total number of parameters, and obtain the average value of the abnormal deviation index;

[0034] Analyze the value of each abnormal deviation index obtained, calculate its deviation from the average value, calculate the square of the deviation and sum it to obtain the deviation function, and divide the deviation function by the total number of parameters, take the square root, and obtain the standard deviation of the abnormal deviation index;

[0035] Find the maximum and minimum values from the abnormal deviation index results of all parameters, calculate the values of the logarithmic function using the maximum and minimum values of the abnormal deviation index, and analyze the control requirements and historical data of the thermal power unit, and then set the values of the adjustment parameters;

[0036] Integrate the standard deviation of the abnormal deviation index, the value of the logarithmic function, and the adjustment parameters to obtain the final abnormal evaluation coefficient to judge the abnormal degree of the system. If the result of the abnormal evaluation coefficient approaches 0, it means the system is operating normally. If the result of the abnormal evaluation coefficient approaches 1, it means the system has serious abnormal conditions.

[0037] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention lies in that: the calculation expression of the abnormal evaluation coefficient is:

[0038]

[0039] where C is the abnormal evaluation coefficient, ADI i is the abnormal deviation index of the i-th parameter, f(ADI) is the deviation function, μ is the average value of the abnormal deviation indexes of all parameters, n is the total number of parameters, max(ADI) and min(ADI) are the maximum and minimum values of the abnormal deviation indexes of all parameters respectively, θ is the adjustment parameter used to control the sensitivity of the logarithmic function, and its value is greater than 0. The value range of C is between 0 and 1. When the abnormal deviation index ADI i of all parameters is close to the average value μ, C is close to 0, indicating that the system is within the normal range.

[0040] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention lies in that: multiple abnormal levels correspond to multiple warning thresholds, where the warning thresholds include upper thresholds and lower thresholds;

[0041] The multiple abnormal levels and the multiple warning thresholds satisfy the following relationship:

[0042] Slight abnormal level 0 < C ≤ C M ; It means that the degree of deviation of the parameter from the normal range is small, and no immediate measures are required, but continuous monitoring is needed. The response measures include recording abnormal events, increasing the monitoring frequency, and performing trend analysis, etc.;

[0043] Medium abnormal level C M < C ≤ C H ; It means that the degree of deviation of the parameter from the normal range is medium, and further investigation and possible adjustment are required. The response measures include adjusting operating parameters and performing equipment inspections;

[0044] Severe abnormal level C H < C < 1; It means that the parameter seriously deviates from the normal range, and immediate measures need to be taken to avoid potential risks. The response measures include immediate shutdown, emergency repair, notifying the management personnel, etc.;

[0045] Among them, C is the abnormal assessment coefficient, C M is the lower threshold corresponding to the medium abnormality level and the upper threshold corresponding to the slight abnormality level, C H is the lower threshold corresponding to the severe abnormality level and the upper threshold corresponding to the moderate abnormality level, C M =0.33, C H =0.66.

[0046] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in the multi-objective optimization module, the process of determining the optimal control strategy includes:

[0047] Extract the flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and slurry circulation pump operating status data collected by sensors in real time from the data warehouse, and use the results of the status monitoring module to analyze whether each parameter is within the normal range and whether there are abnormal marks, providing important reference for subsequent optimization work to prevent abnormal situations from interfering with the start-up and shutdown optimization of thermal power units;

[0048] Determine the objective function and constraints of multi-objective optimization of various parameters in the start-up and shutdown process of thermal power units. The objective function is to minimize the flue gas SO2 emission concentration to meet environmental protection requirements, optimize the slurry pH value to improve the absorption efficiency of sulfur dioxide and reduce equipment scaling, and maximize the operating efficiency of the slurry circulation pump to reduce energy consumption and extend equipment life. The constraints are that the operating state of the slurry circulation pump is kept within a safe range to avoid overload or failure, the slurry pH value is controlled within the optimal range to avoid corrosion or scaling of the equipment, and the flue gas SO2 emission concentration meets environmental protection standards;

[0049] Based on genetic algorithm, multi-objective optimization is performed on various parameters of the start-up and shutdown process of thermal power units. The objective functions and constraints of flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and slurry circulation pump operation status are input into the optimization algorithm, and the parameters of the genetic algorithm are defined. Through iterative calculation of the genetic algorithm, the population is continuously evolved to find solutions that meet all objectives and constraints. In each generation, the quality of individuals is evaluated according to the fitness function, and excellent individuals are selected for crossover and mutation operations. After multiple iterations, a set of solutions that meet all objectives and constraints is obtained, namely the Pareto optimal solution set. Each solution in the Pareto optimal solution set is non-dominated, that is, there is no solution that is better than another solution in all objectives.

[0050] The optimal solution is selected from the Pareto optimal solution set as the final control strategy. The selection basis includes the weight of each objective and the current operating status of the system. According to the determined control strategy, the operating parameters of the slurry circulation pump (such as speed, flow rate, etc.) are adjusted, and the adjusted system status is monitored in real time, including the flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value, and the operating status of the slurry circulation pump.

[0051] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in the start-stop control module, the process of starting and stopping the flue gas SO2 concentration, the slurry pH value and the slurry circulation pump includes:

[0052] Receive the final control strategy obtained through genetic algorithm optimization from the multi-objective optimization module, set the target values ​​of flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and operating parameters of the slurry circulation pump according to the optimized control strategy, and check the current status of the thermal power unit and its related equipment before executing the control strategy, including the operating status of the slurry circulation pump and the status of the flue gas treatment system, to ensure that the system is in a state where the control strategy can be safely executed;

[0053] Continuously monitor the flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and the operating status of the slurry circulation pump, compare the monitored values ​​with the target values ​​in the set control strategy, and generate control commands based on the deviation between the real-time monitoring data and the target values ​​to decide whether to start and stop the slurry circulation pump or adjust its operating parameters to maintain the flue gas SO2 concentration and slurry pH value within the target value range;

[0054] The control command is sent to the slurry circulation pump through the control center of the thermal power unit. The slurry circulation pump performs corresponding operations according to the received signal. The start-stop control module synchronously receives the execution feedback from the control center of the thermal power unit, including the actual operation status and parameter changes of the slurry circulation pump;

[0055] During the operation of the slurry circulation pump, the flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and the operating parameters of the slurry circulation pump are continuously monitored to ensure that each parameter is stable within the set target value range. If an abnormal situation is detected, the abnormal warning module is combined to trigger the abnormal handling process, including sending an alarm, pausing or stopping the operation of the slurry circulation pump, and calling the backup control strategy.

[0056] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following technical advances compared with the prior art:

[0057] 1. The present invention provides a multi-objective integrated control system for the start-up and shutdown process of a thermal power unit. By real-time monitoring of the flue gas SO2 concentration, the slurry pH value and the operating status of the slurry circulation pump, the abnormal conditions in the system can be discovered and handled in a timely manner. When the parameters deviate from the set range, the control system can respond quickly and adjust the operating parameters of the slurry circulation pump to ensure that the flue gas SO2 emission concentration and the slurry pH value remain within the environmental protection requirements, while avoiding overload or failure of the slurry circulation pump, thereby greatly improving the stability and reliability of the system operation, reducing the downtime caused by equipment failure or parameter abnormality, and thus improving the overall operating efficiency of the thermal power unit.

[0058] 2. The present invention provides a multi-objective integrated control system for the start-up and shutdown process of a thermal power unit. By combining a state monitoring module and an abnormal warning module, it ensures that various parameters are always within the control range during the start-up and shutdown process. The multi-objective optimization module further ensures that while meeting environmental protection requirements, the optimal balance between economy and safety is achieved. Through the multi-objective optimization technology of genetic algorithms, the best control strategy is found to achieve the minimization of SO2 emission concentration, the optimization of slurry pH value, and the maximization of the operating efficiency of the slurry circulation pump, which not only helps to reduce environmental pollution, but also ensures that the operation of the thermal power unit meets environmental protection requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0060] Figure 1 It is a module structure diagram of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the present invention for determining whether each parameter is within a normal range;

[0062] Figure 3 A flow chart for abnormal situation diagnosis of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 4 This is a flow chart for determining the optimal control strategy of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a multi-objective integrated control system for the start-stop process of a thermal power unit, including a thermal power unit control center, the thermal power unit control center is communicatively connected with a data acquisition module, a state monitoring module, an abnormal warning module, a multi-objective optimization module, a start-stop control module and a human-computer interaction module, wherein the modules are connected by electrical signals;

[0066] The data acquisition module is used to collect the data related to the various parameters of the flue gas SO2 concentration, the slurry pH value and the operating status of the slurry circulation pump, and perform pre-processing operations such as cleaning, verification and formatting on the collected data to ensure that the system can obtain the latest and accurate operating data in a timely manner, providing a basis for subsequent analysis and control. Various types of sensors are deployed to monitor the flue gas SO2 concentration, the slurry pH value and the operating status of the slurry circulation pump. Among them, the sensors include SO2 concentration sensors, pH sensors and status sensors. SO2 concentration sensors are installed at the flue gas outlet to monitor the SO2 concentration in the flue gas in real time. pH sensors are installed in the slurry pool to monitor the pH value of the slurry. Status sensors are installed on the slurry circulation pump to monitor the operating status of the pump (speed, current, vibration, etc.). The deployed sensors are used to collect relevant data on the flue gas SO2 concentration, the slurry pH value and the operating status of the slurry circulation pump from the on-site equipment, and transmit them to the control center of the thermal power unit wirelessly. The collected data are cleaned, Preprocessing operations of data verification and data formatting, in which invalid or abnormal data caused by sensor failure, network interruption, etc. are identified and deleted through data cleaning. For missing data points, reasonable estimation and filling are performed based on the change trend of adjacent data points or historical data. Replacement data verification checks whether the data is within a reasonable range, such as whether the SO2 concentration is within the allowable emission limit and whether the slurry pH value is within the range required by the process. Compare the consistency of data between different sensors, such as whether there is a reasonable correlation between SO2 concentration and slurry pH value. Through data formatting, the raw data is converted into a standard format that the system can recognize, such as converting the analog signal output by the sensor into a digital signal, and converting the data into a unified unit and data structure, generating standardized data records, including timestamps, sensor numbers, and data values, building a data warehouse, storing the preprocessed data in the data warehouse for subsequent analysis and processing, and setting data backup and recovery strategies to ensure data security and recoverability;

[0067] The status monitoring module monitors the data of various parameters in real time, determines whether each parameter is within the normal range, promptly discovers and warns potential problems, and provides guarantee for the stable operation of the system. According to the process requirements and safety standards, a normal operating benchmark threshold range is set for each monitoring parameter. The benchmark threshold includes the upper and lower limits of the normal value, and the monitoring frequency is set, that is, how often the system collects and monitors the parameter data, and calls the real-time monitoring data of various parameters after preprocessing from the data warehouse, including the flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value, and the operating status (speed, current, vibration) parameters of the slurry circulation pump to ensure that the called data is the latest and preprocessed. For each parameter, calculate the degree of deviation between its real-time monitoring value and the benchmark threshold, and calculate the abnormal deviation index based on the deviation size, analyze the severity of the deviation, determine whether each parameter is within the normal range, and analyze the parameter status based on the abnormal deviation index. If the parameter is within the normal range, continue to monitor. If it exceeds the normal range, mark it as abnormal, and record the time when the abnormality occurs, parameter name, abnormal value, and abnormal deviation index.

[0068] Furthermore, the calculation expression of the abnormal deviation index is:

[0069]

[0070] Where ADI is the abnormal deviation index, V R is the real-time monitoring value, V N is the center point of the benchmark threshold, that is V min is the lower limit of the reference threshold, V max is the upper limit of the reference threshold, k is a weighting factor used to adjust the sensitivity of the deviation, and its value is greater than 0. The value range of ADI is between 0 and 1. When V R Close to V N When ADI is close to 0, it means the parameters are within the normal range. R Severe deviation from V N When ADI is close to 1, it means that the parameter is seriously beyond the normal range. -x Make sure the value of ADI is between 0 and 1, and use (·) 2 Enhance the sensitivity to small deviations, so that ADI can reflect the deviation degree of parameters more carefully. By adjusting the value of k, the response sensitivity to deviations can be changed to adapt to different process requirements and safety standards.

[0071] The abnormal warning module is used to monitor and analyze the status of various parameters in the system in real time, diagnose abnormal situations, and warn and take corresponding measures according to the severity of the abnormal situation to avoid the occurrence or expansion of abnormalities and improve the reliability and safety of the system;

[0072] The multi-objective optimization module determines the optimal control strategy based on the SO2 concentration of flue gas, the pH value of slurry and the operating status of the slurry circulation pump, combined with the status monitoring and abnormal warning results, to achieve coordinated control among multiple parameters and improve the overall performance and efficiency of the system;

[0073] The start-stop control module, based on the optimized control strategy, accurately starts and stops the flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and slurry circulation pump to ensure that all parameters can be stably maintained within the set target range, thus improving the accuracy and stability of the control system;

[0074] The human-computer interaction module provides an interactive interface between the operator and the control system, displays real-time data and status during the start-up and shutdown process, and receives control instructions from the operator, thereby improving the usability and operability of the system and enabling the operator to more conveniently manage and control the start-up and shutdown process of the thermal power unit.

[0075] Embodiment 2, as Figure 3 As shown, based on Example 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: Preferably, in the abnormal warning module, the abnormal situation diagnosis process includes:

[0076] Extract pre-processed parameter data (flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value, operating status of slurry circulation pump) from the data warehouse, and use the status monitoring module to check whether the flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and various operating parameters of the slurry circulation pump have been marked as abnormal. Combine the abnormal deviation index of multiple parameters to comprehensively calculate the abnormal evaluation coefficient to measure the overall abnormality of the system, and diagnose specific abnormal types based on the abnormal evaluation coefficient and the deviation of various parameters, including flue gas SO2 exceeding the standard, slurry pH imbalance or slurry circulation pump failure. According to the size of the abnormal evaluation coefficient and the abnormal diagnosis result, the abnormality is divided into different abnormality levels, namely slight abnormality level, medium abnormality level and severe abnormality level, and the corresponding warning threshold and response measures are matched for each abnormality level. Based on the determined abnormality level, an early warning is issued to the operator and the thermal power unit control center through sound and light alarm, SMS, email, and application push, and corresponding response measures are implemented;

[0077] Furthermore, the calculation process of the abnormal evaluation coefficient is as follows: obtain the abnormal deviation index of each monitoring parameter (flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value, operating status of the slurry circulation pump, etc.), and add the values ​​of the abnormal deviation index of all parameters, divide by the total number of parameters, and obtain the average value of the abnormal deviation index; analyze the value of each abnormal deviation index obtained, calculate its deviation from the average value, calculate the square of the deviation and sum it, and obtain the deviation function f(ADI); divide the deviation function by the total number of parameters, take the square root, and obtain the standard deviation of the abnormal deviation index; find the maximum and minimum values ​​from the abnormal deviation index results of all parameters; use the maximum and minimum values ​​of the abnormal deviation index to calculate the value of the logarithmic function; analyze the control requirements and historical data of the thermal power unit, and then set the value of the adjustment parameter; comprehensively consider the standard deviation of the abnormal deviation index, the logarithmic function value and the adjustment parameter to obtain the final abnormal evaluation coefficient to judge the degree of abnormality of the system; if the result of the abnormal evaluation coefficient approaches 0, it means that the system is operating normally; if the result of the abnormal evaluation coefficient approaches 1, it means that there is a serious abnormality in the system;

[0078] Furthermore, the calculation expression of the abnormal evaluation coefficient is:

[0079]

[0080] Among them, C is the abnormal assessment coefficient, ADI i is the abnormal deviation index of the i-th parameter, f(ADI) is the deviation function, μ is the average of the abnormal deviation indexes of all parameters, n is the total number of parameters, max(ADI) and min(ADI) are the maximum and minimum values ​​of the abnormal deviation indexes of all parameters, respectively, θ is an adjustment parameter used to control the sensitivity of the logarithmic function, and its value is greater than 0. The value range of C is between 0 and 1. When the abnormal deviation index ADI of all parameters is i When it is close to the average value μ, C is close to 0, indicating that the system is within the normal range. i When the system deviates seriously from the average value μ, C is close to 1, indicating that the system is seriously beyond the normal range. -x Make sure the value of C is between 0 and 1, and use Enhanced sensitivity to parameter deviations, logarithmic function Used to further adjust the sensitivity to the parameter range. By adjusting the value of θ, the response sensitivity to the deviation can be changed to adapt to different process requirements and safety standards.

[0081] Furthermore, multiple abnormality levels correspond to multiple warning thresholds, wherein the warning threshold includes an upper threshold and a lower threshold;

[0082] Multiple abnormal levels and multiple warning thresholds satisfy the following relationship:

[0083] Minor anomaly level 0 < C ≤ C M ; It indicates that the degree of parameter deviation from the normal range is small, and immediate measures are not required, but continuous monitoring is needed. The response measures include recording abnormal events, increasing the monitoring frequency, conducting trend analysis, etc.;

[0084] Medium anomaly level C M < C ≤ C H ; It indicates that the degree of parameter deviation from the normal range is medium, and further investigation and possible adjustment are required. The response measures include adjusting operating parameters and conducting equipment inspections;

[0085] Severe anomaly level C H < C < 1; It indicates that the parameter seriously deviates from the normal range, and immediate measures are required to avoid potential risks. The response measures include immediate shutdown, emergency repair, notifying management personnel, etc.;

[0086] Among them, C is the anomaly evaluation coefficient, C M is the lower threshold corresponding to the medium anomaly level and the upper threshold corresponding to the minor anomaly level, C H is the lower threshold corresponding to the severe anomaly level and the upper threshold corresponding to the medium anomaly level, C M = 0.33, C H = 0.66.

[0087] Example 3, as Figure 4 shown, based on Examples 1 - 2, the present invention provides a technical solution: Preferably, in the multi-objective optimization module, the determination process of the optimal control strategy includes:

[0088] Extract the flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and operating status data of the slurry circulation pump collected by the sensor in real time from the data warehouse, and use the results of the status monitoring module to analyze whether each parameter is within the normal range and whether there are abnormal marks, so as to provide important reference for subsequent optimization work to prevent abnormal conditions from interfering with the start-up and shutdown optimization of the thermal power unit, and determine the objective function and constraints of the multi-objective optimization of various parameters in the start-up and shutdown process of the thermal power unit. Among them, the objective function is to minimize the flue gas SO2 emission concentration to meet environmental protection requirements, optimize the slurry pH value to improve the absorption efficiency of sulfur dioxide and reduce equipment scaling, maximize the operating efficiency of the slurry circulation pump to reduce energy consumption and extend equipment life, and the constraints are that the operating state of the slurry circulation pump is kept within a safe range to avoid overload or failure, the slurry pH value is controlled within the optimal range to avoid corrosion or scaling of the equipment, and the flue gas SO2 emission concentration meets environmental protection standards. Based on the genetic algorithm, multi-objective optimization is performed on various parameters in the start-up and shutdown process of the thermal power unit. Input the objective functions and constraints of flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and the operating state of the slurry circulation pump into the optimization algorithm, define the parameters of the genetic algorithm, and continuously evolve the population through iterative calculation of the genetic algorithm to find solutions that meet all objectives and constraints. In each generation, the quality of individuals is evaluated according to the fitness function, and excellent individuals are selected for crossover and mutation operations. After multiple iterations, a set of solutions that meet all objectives and constraints is obtained, namely the Pareto optimal solution set. Each solution in the Pareto optimal solution set is non-dominated, that is, there is no solution that is better than another solution in all objectives. The optimal solution is selected from the Pareto optimal solution set as the final control strategy. The selection basis includes the weight of each objective and the current operating state of the system. According to the determined control strategy, the operating parameters (such as speed, flow rate, etc.) of the slurry circulation pump are adjusted, and the adjusted system state is monitored in real time, including flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and the operating state of the slurry circulation pump, etc.

[0089] In the start-stop control module, the process of starting and stopping the flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and slurry circulation pump includes:

[0090] Receive the final control strategy obtained through genetic algorithm optimization from the multi-objective optimization module, set the target values ​​of flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and operating parameters of the slurry circulation pump according to the optimized control strategy, check the current status of the thermal power unit and its related equipment before executing the control strategy, including the operating status of the slurry circulation pump and the status of the flue gas treatment system, ensure that the system is in a state where the control strategy can be safely executed, continuously monitor the flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and the operating status of the slurry circulation pump, compare the monitored values ​​with the target values ​​in the set control strategy, and generate control commands based on the deviation between the real-time monitoring data and the target values ​​to decide whether the slurry circulation pump needs to be started or stopped, or adjusted. The operating parameters are adjusted to maintain the flue gas SO2 concentration and the slurry pH value within the target value range. The control command is sent to the slurry circulation pump through the thermal power unit control center. The slurry circulation pump performs corresponding operations according to the received signal. The start-stop control module synchronously receives the execution feedback from the thermal power unit control center, including the actual operating status and parameter changes of the slurry circulation pump. During the operation of the slurry circulation pump, the flue gas SO2 concentration, the slurry pH value and the operating parameters of the slurry circulation pump are continuously monitored to ensure that each parameter is stable within the set target value range. If an abnormal situation is detected, the abnormal warning module is combined to trigger the abnormal handling process, including sending an alarm, pausing or stopping the operation of the slurry circulation pump, and calling the backup control strategy.

[0091] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-objective integrated control system for the start-up and shutdown process of a thermal power unit, comprising a thermal power unit control center, characterized in that: The control center of the thermal power unit is connected to a data acquisition module, a status monitoring module, an abnormal warning module, a multi-objective optimization module, a start-stop control module and a human-computer interaction module, wherein the electrical signals between the modules are connected; The data acquisition module is used to collect data related to various parameters such as flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and slurry circulation pump operating status; The state monitoring module monitors various parameter data in real time to determine whether each parameter is within a normal range; The abnormal warning module is used to monitor and analyze the status of various parameters in the system in real time and diagnose abnormal situations; The multi-objective optimization module determines the optimal control strategy based on multiple objectives such as flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and slurry circulation pump operation status, combined with status monitoring and abnormal warning results; The start-stop control module performs precise start-stop control on the flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and slurry circulation pump according to the optimized control strategy; The human-computer interaction module provides an interactive interface between the operator and the control system.

2. A multi-objective integrated control system for the start-stop process of a thermal power unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the data collection module, the collection process of various parameter-related data includes: Deploy various types of sensors to monitor flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and slurry circulation pump operation status, including SO2 concentration sensor, pH value sensor and status sensor; The deployed sensors collect data on flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value, and slurry circulation pump operating status from on-site equipment and transmit them wirelessly to the thermal power unit control center; Perform pre-processing operations such as data cleaning, data verification and data formatting on the collected data, and convert the data into a unified unit and data structure to generate standardized data records, including timestamps, sensor numbers, and data values; Build a data warehouse, store the preprocessed data in the data warehouse, and set up data backup and recovery strategies.

3. A multi-objective integrated control system for the start-stop process of a thermal power unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the state monitoring module, the process of determining whether each parameter is within the normal range includes: According to process requirements and safety standards, set the normal operating benchmark threshold range for each monitoring parameter. The benchmark threshold includes the upper and lower limits of the normal value, and set the monitoring frequency; Call the real-time monitoring data of various parameters after preprocessing from the data warehouse, including flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and operating status parameters of slurry circulation pump; For each parameter, calculate the degree of deviation between its real-time monitoring value and the benchmark threshold, and calculate the abnormal deviation index based on the deviation size, analyze the severity of the deviation, and determine whether each parameter is within the normal range; Analyze the parameter status according to the abnormal deviation index. If the parameter is within the normal range, continue monitoring. If it is beyond the normal range, mark it as abnormal and record the time when the abnormality occurred, parameter name, abnormal value and abnormal deviation index.

4. A multi-objective integrated control system for the start-stop process of a thermal power unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calculation expression of the abnormal deviation index is: Where ADI is the abnormal deviation index, V R is the real-time monitoring value, V N is the center point of the benchmark threshold, that is V min is the lower limit of the reference threshold, V max is the upper limit of the reference threshold, k is the weighting factor used to adjust the sensitivity of the deviation, and the value range of ADI is between 0 and 1.

5. A multi-objective integrated control system for the start-stop process of a thermal power unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the abnormal warning module, the abnormal situation diagnosis process includes: Extract the pre-processed parameter data from the data warehouse, and use the status monitoring module to check whether the flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and various operating parameters of the slurry circulation pump have been marked as abnormal; Combine the abnormal deviation index of multiple parameters, calculate the abnormal assessment coefficient comprehensively, measure the overall abnormality of the system, and diagnose the specific abnormal type according to the abnormal assessment coefficient and the deviation of each parameter, including excessive SO2 in flue gas, pH imbalance in slurry or failure of slurry circulation pump; According to the size of the abnormality assessment coefficient and the abnormality diagnosis result, the abnormality is divided into different abnormality levels, namely, slight abnormality level, medium abnormality level and severe abnormality level, and the corresponding warning threshold and response measures are matched for each abnormality level; Based on the determined abnormality level, early warnings are issued to operators and the thermal power unit control center through sound and light alarms, text messages, emails, and application push, and corresponding response measures are implemented.

6. A multi-objective integrated control system for the start-stop process of a thermal power unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calculation process of the abnormal assessment coefficient is: Obtain the abnormal deviation index of each monitoring parameter, and add the values ​​of the abnormal deviation index of all parameters, and divide by the total number of parameters to obtain the average value of the abnormal deviation index; Analyze the value of each abnormal deviation index obtained, calculate its deviation from the average value, calculate the square of the deviation and sum it to obtain the deviation function, and divide the deviation function by the total number of parameters, take the square root, and obtain the standard deviation of the abnormal deviation index; Find the maximum and minimum values ​​from the abnormal deviation index results of all parameters, use the maximum and minimum values ​​of the abnormal deviation index to calculate the value of the logarithmic function, and analyze the control requirements and historical data of the thermal power unit to set the value of the adjustment parameter; The standard deviation, logarithmic function value and adjustment parameters of the abnormal deviation index are combined to obtain the final abnormality assessment coefficient to judge the degree of abnormality of the system. If the result of the abnormality assessment coefficient is close to 0, it means that the system is operating normally. If the result of the abnormality assessment coefficient is close to 1, it means that there is a serious abnormality in the system.

7. A multi-objective integrated control system for the start-stop process of a thermal power unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The calculation expression of the abnormal evaluation coefficient is: Among them, C is the abnormal assessment coefficient, ADI i is the abnormal deviation index of the ith parameter, f(ADI) is the deviation function, μ is the average of the abnormal deviation indices of all parameters, n is the total number of parameters, max(ADI) and min(ADI) are the maximum and minimum values ​​of the abnormal deviation indices of all parameters, respectively, θ is an adjustment parameter used to control the sensitivity of the logarithmic function, and its value is greater than 0. The value range of C is between 0 and 1.

8. A multi-objective integrated control system for the start-stop process of a thermal power unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of the abnormality levels correspond to a plurality of the warning thresholds, wherein the warning thresholds include an upper threshold and a lower threshold; The multiple abnormal levels and the multiple warning thresholds satisfy the following relationship: Minor abnormality level: 0 <C≤C M ; Medium Abnormality Level: C M <C≤C H ; Severe abnormality level: C H <C<1; Among them, C is the abnormal assessment coefficient, C M is the lower threshold corresponding to the medium abnormality level and the upper threshold corresponding to the slight abnormality level, C H is the lower threshold corresponding to the severe abnormality level and the upper threshold corresponding to the moderate abnormality level, C M =0.33, C H =0.

66.

9. A multi-objective integrated control system for the start-stop process of a thermal power unit according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the multi-objective optimization module, the process of determining the optimal control strategy includes: Extract the flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and slurry circulation pump operating status data collected by sensors in real time from the data warehouse, and use the results of the status monitoring module to analyze whether each parameter is within the normal range and whether there are any abnormal marks; Determine the objective function and constraints of multi-objective optimization of various parameters in the start-up and shutdown process of the thermal power unit. The objective function is to minimize the flue gas SO2 emission concentration, optimize the slurry pH value, and maximize the operating efficiency of the slurry circulation pump. The constraints are that the operating state of the slurry circulation pump is kept within a safe range, the slurry pH value is controlled within the optimal range, and the flue gas SO2 emission concentration meets environmental protection standards. Based on genetic algorithm, multi-objective optimization is performed on various parameters of the start-up and shutdown process of thermal power units. The objective functions and constraints of flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and the operating state of the slurry circulation pump are input into the optimization algorithm, and the parameters of the genetic algorithm are defined. Through the iterative calculation of the genetic algorithm, the population is continuously evolved to find solutions that meet all objectives and constraints. In each generation, the quality of individuals is evaluated according to the fitness function, and excellent individuals are selected for crossover and mutation operations. After multiple iterations, a set of solutions that meet all objectives and constraints is obtained, namely the Pareto optimal solution set. The optimal solution is selected from the Pareto optimal solution set as the final control strategy.

10. A multi-objective integrated control system for the start-stop process of a thermal power unit according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the start-stop control module, the process of starting and stopping the flue gas SO2 concentration, the slurry pH value and the slurry circulation pump includes: The final control strategy obtained by genetic algorithm optimization is received from the multi-objective optimization module, and the target values ​​of flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and operating parameters of the slurry circulation pump are set according to the optimized control strategy; Continuously monitor the flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and the operating status of the slurry circulation pump, compare the monitored values ​​with the target values ​​in the set control strategy, and generate control commands based on the deviation between the real-time monitoring data and the target values; The control command is sent to the slurry circulation pump through the control center of the thermal power unit. The slurry circulation pump performs corresponding operations according to the received signal. The start-stop control module synchronously receives the execution feedback from the control center of the thermal power unit, including the actual operation status and parameter changes of the slurry circulation pump; During the operation of the slurry circulation pump, the flue gas SO2 concentration, slurry pH value and the operating parameters of the slurry circulation pump are continuously monitored to ensure that each parameter is stable within the set target value range.

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