Temperature self-adaptive control system and method applied to drying of traditional Chinese medicinal materials

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of drying temperature control, in particular to a temperature self-adaptive control system and method applied to drying of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and the system comprises a humidity gradient monitoring module, a heat-humidity ratio regulation and control module, an evaporation latent heat calculation module, an energy supply matching module and an air quantity balance optimization module. According to the device, the humidity gradient in the cavity is monitored and analyzed in real time, the humidity condition is accurately adjusted, dynamic humidity control is achieved, the accuracy of the drying process is enhanced, the energy utilization efficiency is optimized through dynamic adjustment of the heat-humidity ratio and cooperation of the water evaporation characteristic, energy consumption is reduced, the influence of water vapor partial pressure is considered for latent heat compensation, and the drying efficiency is improved. The matching degree of heat supply and demand is improved, the drying quality is ensured, energy supply matching and wind field balance optimization are combined with air flow direction data, the regional matching of wind speed and heating power is improved, uniform distribution of a drying medium is ensured, and the overall drying efficiency and uniformity are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of drying temperature control, and in particular to a temperature self-adapting control system and method used in drying traditional Chinese medicine. Background Art

[0002] The field of drying temperature control technology includes automatic adjustment and control of temperature during the drying process to ensure that the dried material reaches a predetermined moisture content under specific conditions. The core content includes a drying system based on temperature sensing and feedback regulation. By real-time monitoring of the temperature changes of the drying medium, automatic control methods are used to maintain the target temperature range, thereby ensuring that the material is dehydrated under appropriate conditions. This field involves a variety of methods such as hot air circulation drying, vacuum drying, and microwave drying, and combines thermodynamic analysis and heat and mass transfer calculations to optimize drying parameters and improve energy utilization and drying uniformity. In industrial applications, this technology is widely used in food processing, agricultural product dehydration, Chinese medicinal material preparation and other scenarios. The drying rate is adjusted through temperature control strategies to prevent overheating or insufficient drying.

[0003] Among them, the temperature adaptive control system used in the drying of Chinese medicinal materials refers to an intelligent control system for temperature regulation during the drying process of Chinese medicinal materials. The system covers functions such as temperature sensing, heating regulation, air volume control, and humidity monitoring. Specifically, it uses temperature sensing elements to collect temperature data in the drying room, and calculates the temperature change trend through a thermodynamic model. The heating power and wind speed are adjusted according to the set temperature curve to ensure that the water evaporation rate of Chinese medicinal materials at different stages matches the heat supply. The humidity monitoring device collects air humidity parameters in real time, calculates the moisture discharge in combination with temperature data, and controls the opening and closing of the dehumidification air duct to maintain the target humidity range. Based on an adaptive adjustment strategy, the system adjusts the temperature control logic through historical data analysis and real-time parameter optimization to achieve dynamic temperature matching to meet the drying needs of different types of Chinese medicinal materials.

[0004] The existing technology is based on a single temperature adjustment strategy and does not take into account the change in humidity gradient inside the cavity, resulting in insufficient humidity control accuracy in local areas, affecting the uniformity of moisture discharge. Heat-humidity ratio control relies on fixed parameter settings and fails to dynamically adjust in combination with different moisture evaporation stages, which may lead to local energy waste or insufficient heating. Latent heat compensation uses a fixed calculation mode and ignores the effect of water vapor partial pressure on moisture evaporation, which may cause heat supply deviation and reduce the adaptability of the evaporation rate. The heating power adjustment adopts a global control method and lacks optimization for regional energy distribution, which may cause uneven heating in some areas and reduce the drying quality. The air volume control is not combined with the wind field balance analysis, and the airflow distribution may be uneven, resulting in low local wind speed, affecting the moisture evaporation rate and reducing the heat and mass transfer efficiency of the drying medium. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a temperature adaptive control system and method for drying Chinese medicinal materials.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: A temperature adaptive control system applied to the drying of Chinese medicinal materials comprises:

[0007] The humidity gradient monitoring module obtains humidity data, calculates regional humidity differences, analyzes humidity gradients, screens areas exceeding threshold values, and calculates and obtains the regional dehumidification demand index based on the changes in moisture content of Chinese medicinal materials.

[0008] The heat-humidity ratio control module calculates the air humidity reduction rate based on the regional dehumidification demand index, calculates the heat-humidity ratio in combination with the water evaporation rate, calls the threshold to determine the adjustment direction, optimizes the heating power or wind speed adjustment parameters, and obtains the drying load adjustment index;

[0009] The evaporation latent heat calculation module calculates the water evaporation amount and the evaporation latent heat demand value based on the drying load adjustment index, and obtains the instantaneous latent heat compensation index by combining the heating power output ratio with the energy supply deviation;

[0010] The energy supply matching module calculates the multi-region heat distribution balance index based on the instantaneous latent heat compensation index, screens the energy supply insufficient area, calls the energy compensation threshold, calculates the energy supply adjustment index, and obtains the heating power input value;

[0011] The air volume balance optimization module calculates the wind field balance index based on the heating power input value, screens the wind field imbalance area, adjusts the air duct opening and closing parameters based on the flow characteristics of the Chinese medicinal material drying medium, optimizes the air flow path, and obtains a self-matching temperature control solution;

[0012] The humidity gradient monitoring module comprises:

[0013] The humidity data acquisition submodule obtains humidity data at different locations in the drying chamber, calls the measurement values ​​of adjacent humidity sensors, collects humidity information of adjacent areas, and records the corresponding timestamps to obtain a humidity distribution data table;

[0014] The humidity gradient calculation submodule calculates the humidity difference between adjacent positions based on the humidity distribution data table, calculates the humidity change rate of the differentiated area, calls the set humidity gradient threshold, compares the humidity gradient value of each area, and obtains the area set exceeding the humidity threshold;

[0015] The dehumidification demand calculation submodule calculates the dehumidification demand index of the region based on the set of regions exceeding the humidity threshold and the moisture content variation characteristics of the Chinese medicinal materials, using the formula:

[0016]

[0017] Among them, D i Represents the moisture removal demand index of area i, ΔH ij Represents the humidity difference between area i and adjacent area j, V j represents the air flow in the adjacent area j, T i represents the humidity change time of area i, C i represents the characteristic parameter of the moisture content change of the Chinese medicinal materials in area i, f represents the total number of adjacent areas involved in the calculation process, and obtains the regional dehumidification demand index

[0018] As a further scheme of the present invention, the regional dehumidification demand index includes a humidity gradient threshold, a moisture content change characteristic, and a humidity change rate exceeding the limit area; the drying load adjustment index includes an air humidity reduction rate, a unit thermal energy heat-humidity ratio, and a heating power adjustment parameter; the instantaneous latent heat compensation index includes water evaporation amount, evaporation latent heat demand value, and an energy supply deviation value; the heating power input value includes heating power distribution, heat distribution balance index, and local energy compensation threshold; the self-matching temperature control scheme includes a wind field balance index, a wind field imbalance area, and an air duct opening and closing parameter.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention, the heat-humidity ratio control module includes:

[0020] The air humidity rate calculation submodule obtains the dehumidification demand index of the area, obtains the heating power and the air temperature of the drying chamber, calls the dehumidification wind speed measurement value, and calculates the air humidity reduction rate using the formula:

[0021]

[0022] Calculate and obtain the air humidity reduction rate;

[0023] Among them, R h Represents the rate of decrease of air humidity, W in Represents the humidity of the incoming air, W out represents the humidity of the exhaust air, F represents the dehumidification wind speed, and V represents the volume of the drying chamber;

[0024] The heat-humidity ratio calculation submodule calculates the heat-humidity ratio value per unit heat energy based on the air humidity reduction rate and the water evaporation rate data, calls the heat-humidity ratio threshold for comparison, determines the current heat-humidity ratio adjustment direction, and obtains the heat-humidity ratio calculation value;

[0025] The drying load adjustment submodule calculates and obtains the drying load adjustment index based on the heat-humidity ratio calculation value and the evaporation characteristics of the water in the Chinese medicinal materials, calls the heating power adjustment parameters and the wind speed adjustment parameters.

[0026] As a further solution of the present invention, the evaporation latent heat calculation module includes:

[0027] The water evaporation calculation submodule obtains the drying load adjustment index, obtains the air temperature and air humidity of the target area of ​​the drying chamber, calls the water vapor partial pressure data, and calculates the water evaporation per unit time using the formula:

[0028]

[0029] Calculate and obtain the amount of water evaporation;

[0030] Among them, M represents the amount of water evaporation, P v represents the partial pressure of water vapor, A represents the evaporation surface area, t represents time, R is the gas constant, and T represents the air temperature;

[0031] The evaporation latent heat demand calculation submodule calculates the evaporation latent heat demand value based on the water evaporation amount and the water evaporation amount data, calls the current heating power output value for comparison, calculates the current regional energy supply deviation value, and obtains the evaporation latent heat demand value;

[0032] The instantaneous latent heat compensation submodule calculates and obtains an instantaneous latent heat compensation index based on the energy supply deviation value of the current region and in combination with the evaporation rate characteristics caused by the changes in the tissue structure of the Chinese medicinal materials.

[0033] As a further solution of the present invention, the energy supply matching module includes:

[0034] The heat distribution balance calculation submodule obtains the instantaneous latent heat compensation index, obtains the heating power distribution data of the differential areas of the drying chamber, calls the temperature and humidity sensor data, and calculates the heat distribution balance index of multiple areas using the formula:

[0035]

[0036] Calculate and obtain the heat distribution balance index;

[0037] Among them, B h Represents the heat distribution balance index, T i represents the temperature of region i, T avg represents the average temperature of all regions, and n represents the total number of regions involved in the calculation;

[0038] The energy supply adjustment submodule screens the area with insufficient energy supply based on the heat distribution balance index, calls the local energy compensation threshold, calculates the energy supply adjustment index, and obtains the energy supply adjustment index;

[0039] The heating power input calculation submodule determines the local heating compensation demand based on the energy supply adjustment index and the thermal sensitivity of the Chinese medicinal materials during the drying stage, and calculates and obtains the heating power input value.

[0040] As a further solution of the present invention, the air volume balancing optimization module includes:

[0041] The wind field balance calculation submodule obtains the heating power input value, obtains the wind speed measurement value and air flow direction data of the differential area of ​​the drying chamber, and calculates the wind field balance index using the formula:

[0042]

[0043] Calculate and obtain the wind field balance index;

[0044] Among them, E w Represents the wind field balance index, W j represents the wind speed in the jth region, W mean represents the average wind speed in all areas, and m represents the total number of areas involved in the calculation;

[0045] The wind farm imbalance area screening submodule calls the wind farm balance threshold based on the wind farm balance index, screens the wind farm imbalance area, and obtains the wind farm imbalance area;

[0046] The airflow path adjustment submodule is based on the unbalanced wind field area and the flow characteristics of the Chinese medicinal material drying medium, calls the air duct opening and closing parameters, adjusts the airflow path, and calculates and obtains a self-matching temperature control solution.

[0047] A temperature adaptive control method for drying Chinese medicinal materials, comprising the following steps:

[0048] S1: Call the humidity sensor data at different positions in the drying chamber, calculate the humidity difference between the areas, analyze the humidity gradient distribution according to the humidity change rate, call the set humidity gradient threshold for comparison, and calculate and generate the regional dehumidification demand index for the area where the humidity change rate exceeds the threshold;

[0049] S2: Based on the regional dehumidification demand index, the heating power and the air temperature of the drying chamber are obtained, the air humidity reduction rate is calculated, and the heat-humidity ratio per unit heat energy is calculated in combination with the water evaporation rate data. The heat-humidity ratio threshold is compared, and the heating power or wind speed is adjusted to adjust the heat-humidity ratio to generate a drying load adjustment index;

[0050] S3: calling the drying load adjustment index, monitoring the air temperature and humidity of the target area, calculating the water vapor partial pressure, calculating the evaporation latent heat demand value based on the water evaporation amount, comparing it with the current heating power output, and obtaining and generating an instantaneous latent heat compensation index;

[0051] S4: Based on the instantaneous latent heat compensation index, the heating power distribution of the differential areas of the drying chamber is calculated, the temperature and humidity sensor data are called to calculate the heat distribution balance index of multiple areas, the area with insufficient energy supply is screened, the energy supply is adjusted, and the local energy compensation demand value is generated;

[0052] S5: calling the local energy compensation demand value, monitoring the wind speed measurement value and air flow direction of the differentiated areas of the drying chamber, calculating the wind field balance index, comparing the wind field balance threshold, adjusting the airflow path to adjust the wind field balance, and obtaining a self-matching temperature control solution.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0054] In the present invention, the humidity gradient inside the cavity is monitored and analyzed in real time, the humidity conditions are accurately adjusted, dynamic humidity control is achieved, and the accuracy of the drying process is enhanced. The energy utilization efficiency is optimized and energy consumption is reduced through the dynamic adjustment of the heat-humidity ratio and the coordination of the water evaporation characteristics. The latent heat compensation takes into account the influence of the water vapor partial pressure, improves the matching degree of heat supply and demand, ensures the drying quality, and combines the energy supply matching with the wind field balance optimization with the air flow direction data to improve the regional matching of wind speed and heating power, ensure the uniform distribution of the drying medium, and improve the overall drying efficiency and uniformity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 is a system flow chart of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the humidity gradient monitoring module of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the heat-humidity ratio control module of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of the module for calculating latent heat of evaporation of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of the energy supply matching module of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 6 This is a flow chart of the air volume balancing optimization module of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0062] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0063] See also Figure 1 , a temperature adaptive control system used in drying Chinese medicinal materials includes:

[0064] The humidity gradient monitoring module obtains humidity sensor data at different positions of the drying chamber, calls the measurement values ​​of adjacent sensors, calculates the humidity difference of the area, analyzes the humidity gradient distribution based on the humidity change rate, calls the set humidity gradient threshold for comparison, and screens the areas where the humidity change rate exceeds the threshold. Combined with the change characteristics of the moisture content of traditional Chinese medicine, it calculates and obtains the regional dehumidification demand index;

[0065] The heat-humidity ratio control module obtains the heating power and the air temperature of the drying chamber based on the regional dehumidification demand index, calls the dehumidification wind speed measurement value to calculate the air humidity reduction rate, and calculates the heat-humidity ratio per unit heat energy in combination with the water evaporation rate data. The heat-humidity ratio threshold is called for comparison to determine the current heat-humidity ratio adjustment direction, and the heating power adjustment parameter or wind speed adjustment parameter is called in combination with the water evaporation characteristic curve of the Chinese medicinal materials to calculate and obtain the drying load adjustment index;

[0066] The evaporation latent heat calculation module obtains the air temperature and air humidity of the target area of ​​the drying chamber based on the drying load adjustment index, calls the water vapor partial pressure data to calculate the water evaporation per unit time, calculates the evaporation latent heat demand value based on the water evaporation data, calls the current heating power output value for comparison, calculates the energy supply deviation value of the current area, and calculates and obtains the instantaneous latent heat compensation index based on the evaporation rate characteristics caused by the changes in the tissue structure of the Chinese medicinal materials;

[0067] The energy supply matching module obtains the heating power distribution data of the differentiated areas of the drying chamber based on the instantaneous latent heat compensation index, calls the temperature and humidity sensor data to calculate the heat distribution balance index of multiple areas, screens the areas with insufficient energy supply based on the heat distribution balance index, calls the local energy compensation threshold to calculate the energy supply adjustment index, and combines the thermal sensitivity of the Chinese medicinal materials in the drying stage to determine the local heating compensation demand and obtain the heating power input value;

[0068] Based on the heating power input value, the air volume balance optimization module obtains the wind speed measurement values ​​and air flow direction data of differentiated areas in the drying chamber, calculates the wind field balance index, calls the wind field balance threshold for comparison, screens the unbalanced wind field areas, and combines the flow characteristics of the Chinese medicinal material drying medium to call the air duct opening and closing parameters to adjust the airflow path and obtain a self-matching temperature control solution.

[0069] The regional dehumidification demand index includes the humidity gradient threshold, moisture content change characteristics, and humidity change rate exceeding limit area. The drying load adjustment index includes the air humidity reduction rate, unit heat energy heat-humidity ratio, and heating power adjustment parameters. The instantaneous latent heat compensation index includes water evaporation amount, evaporation latent heat demand value, and energy supply deviation value. The heating power input value includes heating power distribution, heat distribution balance index, and local energy compensation threshold. The self-matching temperature control scheme includes wind field balance index, wind field imbalance area, and air duct opening and closing parameters.

[0070] See also Figure 2 , the humidity gradient monitoring module includes:

[0071] The humidity data acquisition submodule obtains humidity data at different locations in the drying chamber, calls the measurement values ​​of adjacent humidity sensors, collects humidity information of adjacent areas, and records the corresponding timestamps to obtain a humidity distribution data table;

[0072] Collect humidity information from adjacent areas and record their corresponding timestamps. For example, in a large medicinal material drying warehouse, data is collected through sensors distributed at different levels and corners to ensure that the data covers all areas of the entire warehouse. The data from each sensor will be sent to the central processing unit in real time, where each data point includes the humidity value and the exact timestamp. The data table not only reflects the humidity conditions in different areas, but also records the exact time of data collection, which is crucial for subsequent humidity change analysis, and obtains a humidity distribution data table.

[0073] The humidity gradient calculation submodule calculates the humidity difference between adjacent positions based on the humidity distribution data table, calculates the humidity change rate of the differentiated area, calls the set humidity gradient threshold, compares the humidity gradient value of each area, and obtains the area set that exceeds the humidity threshold;

[0074] Based on the humidity distribution data table, the humidity difference between each adjacent location is calculated. This process can be implemented in a control system, where the system automatically calculates the humidity difference between each two adjacent sensors to determine the rate of humidity change. For example, if the sensor in one area shows that the humidity is 30%, and the sensor in the adjacent area shows 35%, the system will record the 5% humidity difference. The system continues to compare the data of all sensors and uses the preset humidity gradient threshold to filter out the areas that exceed the threshold. These areas may require special attention or adjustment of environmental control facilities, and obtain a collection of areas that exceed the humidity threshold.

[0075] The dehumidification demand calculation submodule calculates the dehumidification demand index of the region based on the set of regions that exceed the humidity threshold and the moisture content variation characteristics of Chinese medicinal materials using the formula:

[0076]

[0077] Among them, D i Represents the moisture removal demand index of area i, ΔH ij Represents the humidity difference between area i and adjacent area j, V j represents the air flow in the adjacent area j, T i represents the humidity change time of area i, C i represents the characteristic parameter of the change of moisture content of Chinese medicinal materials in area i, f represents the total number of adjacent areas involved in the calculation process, and obtains the regional dehumidification demand index;

[0078] Parameter Assignment

[0079] Assume that in a Chinese herbal medicine drying room, the following data are measured:

[0080] Humidity difference between adjacent areas:

[0081] Sensor 1 and Sensor 2: ΔH 12 =6%

[0082] Sensor 1 and Sensor 3: ΔH 13 =4%

[0083] Air circulation in adjacent areas:

[0084] Sensor 2 corresponds to air flow: V2 = 500m 3 / h

[0085] Sensor 3 corresponds to air flow: V3 = 400m 3 / h

[0086] Regional humidity change time: T1 = 2h

[0087] Moisture content variation characteristic parameter of Chinese medicinal materials: C1 = 0.8

[0088] Calculation steps

[0089] Calculate the humidity difference multiplied by the air flow rate

[0090] (ΔH 12 ·V2)+(ΔH 13 ·V3)=(6%×500)+(4%×400);

[0091] =(0.06×500)+(0.04×400)=30+16=46;

[0092] Calculate the product of humidity change time and moisture content change parameter

[0093] T1·C1=2×0.8=1.6;

[0094] Calculating the Dehumidification Demand Index

[0095]

[0096] Results Analysis

[0097] The calculation shows that D1=28.75, which represents the dehumidification demand index of the area, reflecting the humidity changes and ventilation requirements of the area compared with the adjacent areas. If this value is higher than the set dehumidification demand threshold (for example, 20), it means that the area needs to strengthen ventilation or adjust the parameters of the drying equipment to maintain the stability of the Chinese medicinal materials drying process. The dehumidification demand index is accurately calculated by comprehensively considering the humidity difference, air circulation, humidity change time, and the moisture content change characteristics of Chinese medicinal materials. Compared with the traditional judgment method based only on humidity changes, this formula is more targeted, so that the drying process can dynamically adjust the dehumidification strategy to improve drying uniformity and energy efficiency. The dehumidification demand of area i (that is, the area where the measuring point is located) is higher than the threshold, indicating that the humidity gradient is large and the ventilation or drying parameters need to be adjusted. If D i <20, it means that the humidity change in this area is within an acceptable range and no additional adjustment is required. Ultimately, this calculation method can be used to dynamically adjust the humidity management strategy of each area in the drying room, improve the drying quality, ensure uniform dehydration of Chinese medicinal materials, and avoid uneven drying caused by uneven humidity gradients.

[0098] See also Figure 3 , the heat and humidity ratio control module includes;

[0099] The air humidity rate calculation submodule obtains the regional dehumidification demand index, obtains the heating power and the air temperature of the drying chamber, calls the dehumidification wind speed measurement value, and calculates the air humidity reduction rate using the formula:

[0100]

[0101] Calculate and obtain the air humidity reduction rate;

[0102] Among them, R h Represents the rate of decrease of air humidity, W in Represents the humidity of the incoming air, W out represents the humidity of the exhaust air, F represents the dehumidification wind speed, and V represents the volume of the drying chamber;

[0103] Get the regional dehumidification demand index, get the heating power and the air temperature of the drying chamber, call the dehumidification wind speed measurement value, and calculate the air humidity reduction rate. In actual operation, a humidity control system of a drying chamber will monitor the humidity demand of each area in real time, calculate its dehumidification demand based on the current heating power and air temperature, measure the dehumidification wind speed and calculate it in combination with the air circulation parameters in the chamber. Assume that the inlet air humidity of a drying room is W in =18%, outlet air humidity is W out =10%, dehumidification wind speed F = 500m3 / h, drying chamber volume V = 100m3, then use the formula:

[0104]

[0105] Enter the value:

[0106]

[0107] The calculated air humidity reduction rate of the cavity is 40, which indicates the magnitude of the air humidity reduction rate per unit time, and the air humidity reduction rate is obtained.

[0108] The heat-humidity ratio calculation submodule calculates the heat-humidity ratio per unit heat energy based on the air humidity reduction rate and the water evaporation rate data, calls the heat-humidity ratio threshold for comparison, determines the current heat-humidity ratio adjustment direction, and obtains the heat-humidity ratio calculation value;

[0109] Based on the air humidity reduction rate and the water evaporation rate data, the heat-humidity ratio per unit heat energy is calculated, and the heat-humidity ratio threshold is called for comparison to determine the current heat-humidity ratio adjustment direction. In the drying process, the calculation of the heat-humidity ratio is crucial because it determines the efficiency of the unit heat energy used for water evaporation. Assuming that the water evaporation rate is measured to be 2.5kg / h, the air humidity reduction rate has been calculated to be 40, and the unit heat energy input is Q=30kW, the heat-humidity ratio is calculated as follows:

[0110]

[0111] Where E is the evaporation rate of water, Q is the heat input per unit time, and the values ​​are:

[0112]

[0113] The calculated heat and humidity ratio H r Assuming that the heat-humidity ratio threshold is set to 0.09 and the current calculated value is lower than the threshold, the system determines that the heating power needs to be increased or the dehumidification wind speed needs to be reduced to adjust the heat-humidity ratio during the drying process so that it is closer to the target threshold and obtain the heat-humidity ratio calculation value.

[0114] The drying load adjustment submodule is based on the heat-humidity ratio calculation value, combined with the water evaporation characteristics of Chinese medicinal materials, calls the heating power adjustment parameters and wind speed adjustment parameters, and calculates and obtains the drying load adjustment index;

[0115] Based on the calculated value of the heat-humidity ratio, combined with the water evaporation characteristic curve of Chinese medicinal materials, the heating power adjustment parameter or wind speed adjustment parameter is called to calculate and obtain the drying load adjustment index. According to the water evaporation characteristic curve of a specific Chinese medicinal material, the system decides whether to adjust the heating power or wind speed to optimize the drying load. Assuming that the current heating power is set to 30kW, the wind speed is set to 500m3 / h, the calculated value of the heat-humidity ratio is 0.0833, and the target heat-humidity ratio is 0.09, the adjustment index is calculated as follows:

[0116]

[0117] The calculated drying load adjustment index is 1.08, which means that the drying load needs to be increased by 8%. That is, the target heat and moisture ratio can be achieved by increasing the heating power to 32.4 kW or reducing the wind speed to 460 m3 / h to obtain the drying load adjustment index.

[0118] See also Figure 4 , the latent heat of evaporation calculation module includes;

[0119] The water evaporation calculation submodule obtains the drying load adjustment index, obtains the air temperature and air humidity in the target area of ​​the drying chamber, calls the water vapor partial pressure data, and calculates the water evaporation per unit time using the formula:

[0120]

[0121] Calculate and obtain the amount of water evaporation;

[0122] Among them, M represents the amount of water evaporation, P v represents the partial pressure of water vapor, A represents the evaporation surface area, t represents time, R is the gas constant, and T represents the air temperature;

[0123] In the water evaporation calculation submodule, the drying load adjustment index is obtained, the air temperature and air humidity of the target area of ​​the drying chamber are obtained, the water vapor partial pressure data is called, and the water evaporation per unit time is calculated. In the actual drying process, in order to ensure the uniformity of water evaporation, it is first necessary to obtain the air temperature and air humidity data of the drying chamber. These data are usually collected by temperature and humidity sensors and transmitted to the central control system for processing. For example, in a large-scale Chinese herbal medicine drying system, the air temperature in the target area is measured to be 80°C and the air humidity is 10%. Subsequently, the system calls the water vapor partial pressure data, combines the measured air temperature, and determines the driving force for evaporation by calculating the water vapor partial pressure in the air. Assuming that the water vapor partial pressure is measured to be 3000Pa, the evaporation surface area A = 2.5m2, the drying time t = 1.5 hours, and the gas constant R = 461.5J / (kg·K), the water evaporation per unit time can be calculated using the following formula:

[0124]

[0125] Where T = 80 + 273 = 353K, substitute the value:

[0126]

[0127] The water evaporation amount in the target area is calculated to be 0.0691 kg, that is, the mass of water evaporated from the surface of the Chinese medicinal materials per unit time, and the water evaporation amount is obtained.

[0128] The evaporation latent heat demand calculation submodule calculates the evaporation latent heat demand value based on the water evaporation amount and the water evaporation amount data, calls the current heating power output value for comparison, calculates the current regional energy supply deviation value, and obtains the evaporation latent heat demand value;

[0129] Based on the amount of water evaporation, combined with the water evaporation data, the latent heat demand value of evaporation is calculated, the current heating power output value is called for comparison, and the energy supply deviation value of the current area is calculated. In the drying process, the latent heat demand of evaporation is a key parameter that determines the drying effect. By calculating the energy required for water evaporation and comparing it with the energy provided by the current heating system, it is determined whether the energy supply matches. Assuming that the latent heat of water evaporation L = 2257kJ / kg, based on the previously calculated water evaporation M = 0.0691kg, the latent heat demand value of evaporation is calculated:

[0130] Q=M×L=0.0691×2257=155.97kJ;

[0131] Assuming the current heating power is 5kW and the working time is 1.5h, the total energy supplied is:

[0132] Q input=5×1.5×3600=27000kJ;

[0133] Calculate the energy supply deviation:

[0134] ΔQ=Q input -Q=27000-155.97=26844.03kJ;

[0135] The latent heat demand value of evaporation in the target area is calculated to be 155.97 kJ, and the current energy supply deviation value is 26844.03 kJ, so the latent heat demand value of evaporation is obtained.

[0136] The instantaneous latent heat compensation submodule calculates and obtains the instantaneous latent heat compensation index based on the energy supply deviation value of the current area and the evaporation rate characteristics caused by the changes in the tissue structure of Chinese medicinal materials;

[0137] Based on the current regional energy supply deviation value, combined with the evaporation rate characteristics caused by the change in the organizational structure of Chinese medicinal materials, the instantaneous latent heat compensation index is calculated and obtained. In the actual drying process, since the organizational structure of Chinese medicinal materials changes during the drying process, its water evaporation rate will also change over time, so it is necessary to perform instantaneous latent heat compensation calculation. Assuming that the organizational structure of a certain medicinal material has an evaporation rate attenuation factor K = 0.85 during the drying process, the instantaneous latent heat compensation index is calculated based on the supply deviation value:

[0138]

[0139] Enter the value:

[0140]

[0141] The calculated instantaneous latent heat compensation index is 146.3, which reflects the energy compensation demand in the drying process. The instantaneous latent heat compensation index is obtained.

[0142] See also Figure 5 , the energy supply matching module includes:

[0143] The heat distribution balance calculation submodule obtains the instantaneous latent heat compensation index, obtains the heating power distribution data of the differentiated areas of the drying chamber, calls the temperature and humidity sensor data, and calculates the heat distribution balance index of multiple areas using the formula:

[0144]

[0145] Calculate and obtain the heat distribution balance index;

[0146] Among them, B h Represents the heat distribution balance index, T i represents the temperature of region i, T avgrepresents the average temperature of all regions, and n represents the total number of regions involved in the calculation;

[0147] Obtain the instantaneous latent heat compensation index, obtain the heating power distribution data of the differentiated areas of the drying chamber, call the temperature and humidity sensor data, and calculate the heat distribution balance index of multiple areas. During the drying process, in order to ensure uniform distribution of heat energy in different areas, it is necessary to monitor the temperature and humidity of each area, and quantify the distribution of heat energy inside the chamber by calculating the heat distribution balance index. Assuming that the drying chamber is divided into four areas, and their temperature data are 78°C, 82°C, 76°C and 80°C respectively, the temperature average is calculated as follows:

[0148]

[0149] Calculate the squared deviation of each region's temperature from the mean:

[0150] (78-79) 2 =1,(82-79) 2 =9,(76-79) 2 =9,(80-79) 2 =1;

[0151] Substitute the formula to calculate the heat distribution balance index:

[0152]

[0153] The heat distribution balance index of the target area is calculated to be 5, indicating the degree of discreteness of the temperature distribution, and the heat distribution balance index is obtained.

[0154] The energy supply adjustment submodule screens the area with insufficient energy supply based on the heat distribution balance index, calls the local energy compensation threshold, identifies the energy supply data, and obtains the energy supply adjustment index;

[0155] Based on the heat distribution balance index, screen areas with insufficient energy supply, call the local energy compensation threshold, and calculate the energy supply adjustment index. When the heat distribution balance index is large, it indicates that there are obvious temperature differences between different areas, and it is necessary to identify areas with insufficient energy supply and make adjustments. Assuming that the energy supply compensation threshold is set to 4, and the currently calculated balance index is 5, it means that there is insufficient energy supply in some areas and further adjustments are required. According to the calculated temperature data, the areas with insufficient energy supply are 76°C and 78°C. Assuming that the set local energy compensation threshold is 3kW, calculate the energy supply adjustment index:

[0156]

[0157] Where Q thresh =3kW, substitute the value:

[0158]

[0159] The calculated energy supply adjustment index is 0.1899, and the energy supply adjustment index is obtained.

[0160] The heating power input calculation submodule determines the local heating compensation demand based on the energy supply adjustment index and the thermal sensitivity of the Chinese medicinal materials during the drying stage, and calculates and obtains the heating power input value;

[0161] Based on the energy supply adjustment index and combined with the thermal sensitivity of the Chinese herbal medicine during the drying stage, the local heating compensation demand is determined, and the heating power input value is calculated and obtained. In the actual drying process, Chinese herbal medicines at different stages have different sensitivities to thermal energy, so the current drying stage of the herbal medicine needs to be considered when compensating energy. Assuming that the thermal sensitivity factor S of a certain herbal medicine is 1.2, the adjusted heating power input is calculated as follows:

[0162] P input =C adj ×S×P base ;

[0163] Where P base =10kW, substitute the value:

[0164] P input =0.1899×1.2×10=2.2788kW;

[0165] The calculated heating power input value is 2.28 kW, indicating the energy input required in the local area, and the heating power input value is obtained.

[0166] See also Figure 6 , the air volume balance optimization module includes:

[0167] The wind field balance calculation submodule obtains the heating power input value, obtains the wind speed measurement value and air flow direction data of the differential area of ​​the drying chamber, and calculates the wind field balance index using the formula:

[0168]

[0169] Calculate and obtain the wind field balance index;

[0170] Among them, E w Represents the wind field balance index, W j represents the wind speed in the jth region, W mean represents the average wind speed in all areas, and m represents the total number of areas involved in the calculation;

[0171] The air volume balance optimization module obtains the wind speed measurement value and air flow direction data of the differentiated area of ​​the drying chamber based on the heating power input value, calculates the wind field balance index, and after obtaining the heating power input value, calls multiple wind speed sensors in the drying chamber to measure the wind speed data of the differentiated area, and records the wind direction data. The collected data is classified according to the spatial distribution, and the wind speed changes at different measuring points are marked with the area number. For different measuring points in the same area, the mean wind speed is calculated as the basic wind speed of the area, the basic wind speed data of all areas are summed up, and the overall average wind speed of all areas is calculated; in the wind field calculation process, the imbalance of wind speed is mainly reflected in the deviation between the wind speed of each measuring point and the overall average wind speed. The square of the deviation is summed and the average is taken to calculate the overall wind field balance index.

[0172] Example calculation steps:

[0173] Set the wind speed data of 5 different areas in the drying chamber (unit: m / s):

[0174] Region 1: 2.5, 2.7, 2.6

[0175] Region 2: 3.1, 3.0, 3.2

[0176] Region 3: 2.0, 2.1, 1.9

[0177] Region 4: 3.5, 3.4, 3.6

[0178] Zone 5: 2.8, 2.9, 2.7

[0179] Calculate the average wind speed for each zone: Zone 1:

[0180] Region 2:

[0181] Region 3:

[0182] Region 4:

[0183] Zone 5:

[0184] Calculate the overall wind speed average:

[0185]

[0186] Calculate the wind farm balance index:

[0187]

[0188] Calculate and obtain the wind field balance index E w =0.252.

[0189] The wind farm imbalance area screening submodule calls the wind farm balance threshold based on the wind farm balance index, screens the wind farm imbalance area, and obtains the wind farm imbalance area;

[0190] The wind farm balance threshold is called for comparison to screen out the unbalanced wind farm area. Based on the calculated wind farm balance index, the wind farm balance threshold is called and compared with the current wind farm balance index to determine whether there is an area with excessive wind speed deviation. The setting of the wind farm balance threshold refers to the standard wind speed deviation range. Generally, areas with deviations within 10% are regarded as balanced areas, and areas with deviations exceeding 10% are regarded as unbalanced areas. For unbalanced areas, their numbers are stored in the abnormal area list, and the wind speed deviation ratio of the area is calculated. During the screening process, if there are multiple wind speed measurement points in a certain area whose deviations exceed the set threshold, the area will be classified as an unbalanced wind farm area as a whole, and the wind speed mean, wind speed deviation rate and maximum deviation value between measurement points in the area will be recorded to obtain the unbalanced wind farm area.

[0191] The airflow path adjustment submodule is based on the unbalanced wind field area and the flow characteristics of the Chinese medicinal material drying medium, calls the air duct opening and closing parameters, adjusts the airflow path, and calculates and obtains the self-matching temperature control solution;

[0192] Combined with the flow characteristics of the Chinese medicinal material drying medium, the duct opening and closing parameters are called to adjust the airflow path. Based on the measurement point data in the unbalanced wind field area and combined with the adaptability of Chinese medicinal materials to wind speed during the drying process, the airflow guidance adjustment method is set. Different types of Chinese medicinal materials have different sensitivities to wind speed. For example, leaf medicinal materials require uniform wind speed, while root medicinal materials allow moderate changes in wind speed. When adjusting the airflow path, the duct opening and closing parameters are called first. By adjusting the opening and closing degree of the duct valves in different areas, the air volume in a certain area can be appropriately increased or decreased. At the same time, the wind speed in adjacent areas is adjusted in a linkage manner to make the overall wind field tend to be balanced. The opening change rate is calculated through duct flow control, and the duct adjustment plan is set. After calculating the duct opening and closing parameters, the duct adjustment operation is performed to obtain a self-matching temperature control plan.

[0193] A temperature adaptive control method for drying Chinese medicinal materials, comprising the following steps:

[0194] S1: Call the humidity sensor data at different positions in the drying chamber, calculate the humidity difference between the areas, analyze the humidity gradient distribution according to the humidity change rate, call the set humidity gradient threshold for comparison, and calculate and generate the regional dehumidification demand index for the area where the humidity change rate exceeds the threshold;

[0195] S2: Based on the regional dehumidification demand index, the heating power and the air temperature of the drying chamber are obtained, the air humidity reduction rate is calculated, and the heat-humidity ratio per unit heat energy is calculated in combination with the water evaporation rate data. The heat-humidity ratio threshold is compared, and the heating power or wind speed is adjusted to adjust the heat-humidity ratio to generate a drying load adjustment index;

[0196] S3: calling the drying load adjustment index, monitoring the air temperature and humidity of the target area, calculating the water vapor partial pressure, calculating the evaporation latent heat demand value based on the water evaporation amount, comparing it with the current heating power output, and obtaining and generating an instantaneous latent heat compensation index;

[0197] S4: Based on the instantaneous latent heat compensation index, the heating power distribution of the differential areas of the drying chamber is calculated, the temperature and humidity sensor data are called to calculate the heat distribution balance index of multiple areas, the area with insufficient energy supply is screened, the energy supply is adjusted, and the local energy compensation demand value is generated;

[0198] S5: calling the local energy compensation demand value, monitoring the wind speed measurement value and air flow direction of the differentiated areas of the drying chamber, calculating the wind field balance index, comparing the wind field balance threshold, adjusting the airflow path to adjust the wind field balance, and obtaining a self-matching temperature control solution.

[0199] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in other forms. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the technical contents disclosed above to change or modify them into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes and apply them to other fields. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temperature adaptive control system used in drying Chinese medicinal materials, characterized in that: The system comprises: The humidity gradient monitoring module obtains humidity data, calculates regional humidity differences, analyzes humidity gradients, screens areas exceeding threshold values, and calculates and obtains the regional dehumidification demand index based on the changes in moisture content of Chinese medicinal materials. The heat-humidity ratio control module calculates the air humidity reduction rate based on the regional dehumidification demand index, calculates the heat-humidity ratio in combination with the water evaporation rate, calls the threshold to determine the adjustment direction, optimizes the heating power or wind speed adjustment parameters, and obtains the drying load adjustment index; The evaporation latent heat calculation module calculates the water evaporation amount and the evaporation latent heat demand value based on the drying load adjustment index, and obtains the instantaneous latent heat compensation index by combining the heating power output ratio with the energy supply deviation; The energy supply matching module calculates the multi-region heat distribution balance index based on the instantaneous latent heat compensation index, screens the energy supply insufficient area, calls the energy compensation threshold, calculates the energy supply adjustment index, and obtains the heating power input value; The air volume balance optimization module calculates the wind field balance index based on the heating power input value, screens the wind field imbalance area, adjusts the air duct opening and closing parameters based on the flow characteristics of the Chinese medicinal material drying medium, optimizes the air flow path, and obtains a self-matching temperature control solution; The humidity gradient monitoring module comprises: The humidity data acquisition submodule obtains humidity data at different locations in the drying chamber, calls the measurement values ​​of adjacent humidity sensors, collects humidity information of adjacent areas, and records the corresponding timestamps to obtain a humidity distribution data table; The humidity gradient calculation submodule calculates the humidity difference between adjacent positions based on the humidity distribution data table, calculates the humidity change rate of the differentiated area, calls the set humidity gradient threshold, compares the humidity gradient value of each area, and obtains the area set exceeding the humidity threshold; The dehumidification demand calculation submodule calculates the dehumidification demand index of the region based on the set of regions exceeding the humidity threshold and the moisture content variation characteristics of the Chinese medicinal materials, using the formula: Among them, D i Represents the moisture removal demand index of area i, ΔH ij Represents the humidity difference between area i and adjacent area j, V j represents the air flow in the adjacent area j, T i represents the humidity change time of area i, C i represents the characteristic parameter of the change of moisture content of Chinese medicinal materials in area i, f represents the total number of adjacent areas involved in the calculation process, and the regional dehumidification demand index is obtained.

2. The temperature adaptive control system for drying Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regional dehumidification demand index includes the humidity gradient threshold, the moisture content change characteristics, and the humidity change rate exceeding the limit area; the drying load adjustment index includes the air humidity reduction rate, the unit heat energy heat-humidity ratio, and the heating power adjustment parameter; the instantaneous latent heat compensation index includes the water evaporation amount, the evaporation latent heat demand value, and the energy supply deviation value; the heating power input value includes the heating power distribution, the heat distribution balance index, and the local energy compensation threshold; the self-matching temperature control scheme includes the wind field balance index, the wind field imbalance area, and the air duct opening and closing parameters.

3. The temperature adaptive control system for drying Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-humidity ratio control module comprises: The air humidity rate calculation submodule obtains the dehumidification demand index of the area, obtains the heating power and the air temperature of the drying chamber, calls the dehumidification wind speed measurement value, and calculates the air humidity reduction rate using the formula: Calculate and obtain the air humidity reduction rate; Among them, R h Represents the rate of decrease of air humidity, W in Represents the humidity of the incoming air, W out represents the humidity of the exhaust air, F represents the dehumidification wind speed, and V represents the volume of the drying chamber; The heat-humidity ratio calculation submodule calculates the heat-humidity ratio value per unit heat energy based on the air humidity reduction rate and the water evaporation rate data, calls the heat-humidity ratio threshold for comparison, determines the current heat-humidity ratio adjustment direction, and obtains the heat-humidity ratio calculation value; The drying load adjustment submodule calculates and obtains the drying load adjustment index based on the heat-humidity ratio calculation value and the evaporation characteristics of the water in the Chinese medicinal materials, calls the heating power adjustment parameters and the wind speed adjustment parameters.

4. The temperature adaptive control system for drying Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaporation latent heat calculation module includes: The water evaporation calculation submodule obtains the drying load adjustment index, obtains the air temperature and air humidity of the target area of ​​the drying chamber, calls the water vapor partial pressure data, and calculates the water evaporation per unit time using the formula: Calculate and obtain the amount of water evaporation; Among them, M represents the amount of water evaporation, P v represents the partial pressure of water vapor, A represents the evaporation surface area, t represents time, R is the gas constant, and T represents the air temperature; The evaporation latent heat demand calculation submodule calculates the evaporation latent heat demand value based on the water evaporation amount and the water evaporation amount data, calls the current heating power output value for comparison, calculates the current regional energy supply deviation value, and obtains the evaporation latent heat demand value; The instantaneous latent heat compensation submodule calculates and obtains an instantaneous latent heat compensation index based on the energy supply deviation value of the current region and in combination with the evaporation rate characteristics caused by the changes in the tissue structure of the Chinese medicinal materials.

5. The temperature adaptive control system for drying Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy supply matching module comprises: The heat distribution balance calculation submodule obtains the instantaneous latent heat compensation index, obtains the heating power distribution data of the differential areas of the drying chamber, calls the temperature and humidity sensor data, and calculates the heat distribution balance index of multiple areas using the formula: Calculate and obtain the heat distribution balance index; Among them, B h Represents the heat distribution balance index, T i represents the temperature of region i, T avg represents the average temperature of all regions, and n represents the total number of regions involved in the calculation; The energy supply adjustment submodule screens the area with insufficient energy supply based on the heat distribution balance index, calls the local energy compensation threshold, calculates the energy supply adjustment index, and obtains the energy supply adjustment index; The heating power input calculation submodule determines the local heating compensation demand based on the energy supply adjustment index and the thermal sensitivity of the Chinese medicinal materials during the drying stage, and calculates and obtains the heating power input value.

6. The temperature adaptive control system for drying Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air volume balance optimization module includes: The wind field balance calculation submodule obtains the heating power input value, obtains the wind speed measurement value and air flow direction data of the differential area of ​​the drying chamber, and calculates the wind field balance index using the formula: Calculate and obtain the wind field balance index; Among them, E w Represents the wind field balance index, W j represents the wind speed in the jth region, W mean represents the average wind speed in all areas, and m represents the total number of areas involved in the calculation; The wind farm imbalance area screening submodule calls the wind farm balance threshold based on the wind farm balance index, screens the wind farm imbalance area, and obtains the wind farm imbalance area; The airflow path adjustment submodule is based on the unbalanced wind field area and the flow characteristics of the Chinese medicinal material drying medium, calls the air duct opening and closing parameters, adjusts the airflow path, and calculates and obtains a self-matching temperature control solution.

7. A temperature adaptive control method for drying Chinese medicinal materials, characterized in that: According to any one of claims 1 to 6, a temperature adaptive control system for drying Chinese medicinal materials is implemented, comprising the following steps: S1: Call the humidity sensor data at different positions in the drying chamber, calculate the humidity difference between the areas, analyze the humidity gradient distribution according to the humidity change rate, call the set humidity gradient threshold for comparison, and calculate and generate the regional dehumidification demand index for the area where the humidity change rate exceeds the threshold; S2: Based on the regional dehumidification demand index, the heating power and the air temperature of the drying chamber are obtained, the air humidity reduction rate is calculated, and the heat-humidity ratio per unit heat energy is calculated in combination with the water evaporation rate data. The heat-humidity ratio threshold is compared, and the heating power or wind speed is adjusted to adjust the heat-humidity ratio to generate a drying load adjustment index; S3: calling the drying load adjustment index, monitoring the air temperature and humidity of the target area, calculating the water vapor partial pressure, calculating the evaporation latent heat demand value based on the water evaporation amount, comparing it with the current heating power output, and obtaining and generating an instantaneous latent heat compensation index; S4: Based on the instantaneous latent heat compensation index, the heating power distribution of the differential areas of the drying chamber is calculated, the temperature and humidity sensor data are called to calculate the heat distribution balance index of multiple areas, the area with insufficient energy supply is screened, the energy supply is adjusted, and the local energy compensation demand value is generated; S5: calling the local energy compensation demand value, monitoring the wind speed measurement value and air flow direction of the differentiated areas of the drying chamber, calculating the wind field balance index, comparing the wind field balance threshold, adjusting the airflow path to adjust the wind field balance, and obtaining a self-matching temperature control solution.

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