A temperature adaptive control system and method applied to the drying of Chinese medicinal materials

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of drying temperature control, and specifically to a temperature adaptive control system and method applied to the drying of traditional Chinese medicine. The system includes a humidity gradient monitoring module, a heat and humidity ratio regulation module, a latent heat of vaporization calculation module, an energy supply matching module, and an air volume balance optimization module. In the present invention, by real-time monitoring and analyzing the humidity gradient inside the cavity, the humidity conditions are accurately adjusted to achieve dynamic humidity control, enhancing the accuracy of the drying process. Through the dynamic adjustment of the heat and humidity ratio and the cooperation of the moisture evaporation characteristics, the energy utilization efficiency is optimized, reducing energy consumption. The latent heat compensation takes into account the influence of water vapor partial pressure, improving the matching degree of heat supply and demand, ensuring the drying quality. The combination of energy supply matching and wind field balance optimization with air flow direction data improves the regional matching of wind speed and heating power, ensuring uniform distribution of the drying medium, and enhancing the overall drying efficiency and uniformity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of drying temperature control, and particularly to a temperature adaptive control system and method applied to the drying of Chinese medicinal materials. Background Art

[0002] The technical field of drying temperature control includes the automatic regulation and control of temperature during the drying process to ensure that the dried material reaches a predetermined moisture content under specific conditions. The core content includes a drying system based on temperature sensing and feedback regulation. By real-time monitoring of the temperature change of the drying medium and using automatic control means to maintain the target temperature range, the dehydration of the material under suitable conditions is ensured. This field involves various methods such as hot air circulation drying, vacuum drying, microwave drying, etc., and combines thermodynamic analysis and heat and mass transfer calculations to optimize drying parameters and improve energy utilization efficiency and drying uniformity. In industrial applications, this technology is widely used in scenarios such as food processing, agricultural product dehydration, and Chinese medicinal material processing. By controlling the temperature, the drying rate is adjusted to prevent overheating or insufficient drying.

[0003] Among them, the temperature adaptive control system applied to the drying of Chinese medicinal materials refers to an intelligent control system for temperature regulation during the drying process of Chinese medicinal materials. This system covers functions such as temperature sensing, heating regulation, air volume control, and humidity monitoring. Specifically, temperature sensing elements are used to collect temperature data in the drying chamber, and the trend of temperature change is calculated through a thermodynamics model. According to the set temperature curve, the heating power and wind speed are adjusted to ensure that the moisture evaporation rate of Chinese medicinal materials matches the heat supply at different stages. The humidity monitoring device collects air humidity parameters in real time, calculates the moisture emission volume in combination with temperature data, and controls the opening and closing of the moisture exhaust duct to maintain the target humidity range. Based on the adaptive regulation strategy, this system adjusts the temperature control logic through historical data analysis and real-time parameter optimization to achieve dynamic matching of the temperature to the drying requirements of different types of Chinese medicinal materials.

[0004] The existing technology is based on a single temperature regulation strategy and does not consider the humidity gradient change inside the cavity, resulting in insufficient humidity control accuracy in local areas and affecting the uniformity of moisture emission. The heat and humidity ratio control relies on fixed parameter settings and fails to dynamically adjust in combination with different moisture evaporation stages, which may lead to local energy waste or insufficient heating. The latent heat compensation adopts a fixed calculation mode and ignores the influence of water vapor partial pressure on moisture evaporation, which may cause heat supply deviation and reduce the adaptability of the evaporation rate. The heating power regulation adopts a global control method and lacks optimization for regional energy distribution, which may lead to uneven heating in some areas, reduce the drying quality. The air volume regulation does not combine the analysis of wind field balance, and the air flow distribution may be uneven, resulting in low local wind speed, affecting the moisture evaporation rate, and reducing the heat and mass transfer efficiency of the drying medium. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to solve the drawbacks existing in the prior art, and a temperature adaptive control system and method applied to the drying of traditional Chinese medicine are proposed.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A temperature adaptive control system applied to the drying of traditional Chinese medicine includes:

[0007] The humidity gradient monitoring module obtains humidity data, calculates the regional humidity difference, analyzes the humidity gradient, screens the regions exceeding the threshold, and combines the change in the moisture content of traditional Chinese medicine to calculate and obtain the regional moisture exhaust demand index;

[0008] The heat and humidity ratio regulation module calculates the air humidity reduction rate based on the regional moisture exhaust demand index, calculates the heat and humidity ratio in combination with the water evaporation rate, calls the threshold judgment to adjust the direction, optimizes the heating power or wind speed adjustment parameters, and obtains the drying load adjustment index;

[0009] The latent heat of vaporization calculation module calculates the water evaporation amount and the latent heat of vaporization demand value based on the drying load adjustment index, combines the heating power output to compare the energy supply deviation, and obtains the instantaneous latent heat compensation index;

[0010] The energy supply matching module calculates the multi-region heat distribution balance index based on the instantaneous latent heat compensation index, screens the regions with insufficient energy supply, calls the energy compensation threshold, calculates the energy supply adjustment index, and obtains the heating power input value;

[0011] The air volume balance optimization module calculates the air field balance index based on the heating power input value, screens the unbalanced air field regions, combines the flow characteristics of the drying medium of traditional Chinese medicine, adjusts the air duct opening and closing parameters, optimizes the air flow path, and obtains a self-matching temperature control scheme;

[0012] The humidity gradient monitoring module includes:

[0013] The humidity data acquisition sub-module obtains the humidity data at different positions in the drying cavity, calls the measurement values of adjacent humidity sensors, acquires the humidity information of adjacent regions, and records the corresponding timestamps to obtain the humidity distribution data table;

[0014] The humidity gradient calculation sub-module calculates the humidity difference between adjacent positions based on the humidity distribution data table, calculates the humidity change rate of the differential region, calls the set humidity gradient threshold, compares the humidity gradient value of each region, and obtains the set of regions exceeding the humidity threshold;

[0015] The moisture exhaust demand calculation sub-module calculates the regional moisture exhaust demand index based on the set of regions exceeding the humidity threshold, in combination with the moisture content change characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine, using the formula:

[0016] ;

[0017] Among them, represents the moisture removal demand index of the area , represents the humidity difference between the area and the adjacent area , represents the air circulation volume of the adjacent area , represents the humidity change time of the area , represents the characteristic parameter of the change in the moisture content of traditional Chinese medicine in the area , where f represents the total number of adjacent areas involved in the calculation process, and the moisture removal demand index of the area is obtained;

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention, the area moisture removal demand index includes a humidity gradient threshold, a moisture content change characteristic, and a humidity change rate over-limit area. The drying load adjustment index includes an air humidity reduction rate, a unit thermal energy heat and moisture ratio, and a heating power adjustment parameter. The instantaneous latent heat compensation index includes a moisture evaporation amount, an evaporation latent heat demand value, and an energy supply deviation value. The heating power input value includes a heating power distribution, a heat distribution balance index, and a local energy compensation threshold. The self-matching temperature control scheme includes a wind field balance index, a wind field imbalance area, and an air duct opening and closing parameter.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention, the heat and moisture ratio regulation module includes;

[0020] The air humidity rate calculation sub-module obtains the area moisture removal demand index, obtains the heating power and the air temperature in the drying chamber, calls the measured value of the moisture removal wind speed, calculates the air humidity reduction rate, and uses the formula:

[0021] ;

[0022] Calculate and obtain the air humidity reduction rate;

[0023] Among them, represents the air humidity reduction rate, represents the humidity of the incoming air, represents the humidity of the outgoing air, represents the moisture removal wind speed, represents the volume of the drying chamber;

[0024] The heat and moisture ratio calculation sub-module calculates the heat and moisture ratio value per unit thermal energy based on the air humidity reduction rate, combines the moisture evaporation rate data, calls the heat and moisture ratio threshold for comparison, judges the current heat and moisture ratio adjustment direction, and obtains the heat and moisture ratio calculation value;

[0025] The drying load adjustment sub-module calculates and obtains a drying load adjustment index by calling heating power adjustment parameters and wind speed adjustment parameters based on the calculated value of the heat and humidity ratio and in combination with the moisture evaporation characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine materials.

[0026] As a further solution of the present invention, the evaporation latent heat calculation module includes:

[0027] The moisture evaporation amount calculation sub-module obtains the drying load adjustment index, obtains the air temperature and air humidity of the target area of the drying cavity, calls the water vapor partial pressure data, calculates the moisture evaporation amount per unit time, and uses the formula:

[0028] ;

[0029] Calculates and obtains the moisture evaporation amount;

[0030] Wherein, represents the moisture evaporation amount, represents the water vapor partial pressure, represents the evaporation surface area, represents the time, is the gas constant, represents the air temperature;

[0031] The evaporation latent heat demand calculation sub-module calculates an evaporation latent heat demand value based on the moisture evaporation amount and in combination with the moisture evaporation amount data, calls the current heating power output value for comparison, calculates the current area energy supply deviation value, and obtains the evaporation latent heat demand value;

[0032] The instantaneous latent heat compensation sub-module calculates and obtains an instantaneous latent heat compensation index based on the current area energy supply deviation value and in combination with the evaporation rate characteristics caused by the change in the tissue structure of traditional Chinese medicine materials.

[0033] As a further solution of the present invention, the energy supply matching module includes:

[0034] The heat distribution balance calculation sub-module obtains the instantaneous latent heat compensation index, obtains the heating power distribution data of the differential areas of the drying cavity, calls the temperature and humidity sensor data, and calculates the heat distribution balance index of multiple areas, using the formula:

[0035] ;

[0036] Calculates and obtains the heat distribution balance index;

[0037] Wherein, represents the heat distribution balance index, represents the area of the temperature, represents the average temperature of all areas, represents the total number of areas involved in the calculation;

[0038] Based on the heat distribution balance index, the energy supply adjustment sub-module screens the areas with insufficient energy supply, calls the local energy compensation threshold, calculates the energy supply adjustment index, and obtains the energy supply adjustment index;

[0039] Based on the energy supply adjustment index, the heating power input calculation sub-module combines the heat sensitivity during the drying stage of traditional Chinese medicine materials to judge the local heating compensation demand, and calculates and obtains the heating power input value.

[0040] As a further solution of the present invention, the air volume balance optimization module includes:

[0041] The wind field balance calculation sub-module obtains the heating power input value, obtains the wind speed measurement values and air flow direction data of the differential areas in the drying cavity, calculates the wind field balance index, and uses the formula:

[0042] ;

[0043] Calculates and obtains the wind field balance index;

[0044] Among them, represents the wind field balance index, represents the wind speed of the th area, represents the average wind speed of all areas, represents the total number of areas involved in the calculation;

[0045] Based on the wind field balance index, the wind field imbalance area screening sub-module calls the wind field balance threshold to screen the wind field imbalance areas and obtains the wind field imbalance areas;

[0046] Based on the wind field imbalance areas, the air flow path adjustment sub-module combines the flow characteristics of the drying medium of traditional Chinese medicine materials, calls the air duct opening and closing parameters, adjusts the air flow path, and calculates and obtains a self-matching temperature control scheme.

[0047] A temperature adaptive control method applied to the drying of traditional Chinese medicine materials includes the following steps:

[0048] S1: Call the humidity sensor data at different positions in the drying cavity, calculate the humidity difference between regions, analyze the humidity gradient distribution according to the humidity change rate, call the set humidity gradient threshold for comparison, and calculate and generate a regional moisture discharge demand index for the regions where the humidity change rate exceeds the threshold;

[0049] S2: Based on the regional dehumidification demand index, obtain the heating power and the air temperature in the drying chamber, calculate the air humidity reduction rate, combine with the moisture evaporation rate data, calculate the heat and humidity ratio of unit thermal energy, compare with the heat and humidity ratio threshold, adjust the heating power or the wind speed to adjust the heat and humidity ratio, and generate a drying load adjustment index;

[0050] S3: Invoke the drying load adjustment index, monitor the air temperature and humidity in the target area, calculate the water vapor partial pressure, calculate the latent heat demand value based on the moisture evaporation amount, compare with the current heating power output, and obtain and generate an instantaneous latent heat compensation index;

[0051] S4: Based on the instantaneous latent heat compensation index, calculate the heating power distribution in the differential areas of the drying chamber, invoke the temperature and humidity sensor data to calculate the thermal distribution balance index of multiple areas, screen the areas with insufficient energy supply, adjust the energy supply, and generate a local energy compensation demand value;

[0052] S5: Invoke the local energy compensation demand value, monitor the wind speed measurement value and the air flow direction in the differential areas of the drying chamber, calculate the wind field balance index, compare with the wind field balance threshold, adjust the air flow path to adjust the wind field balance, and obtain a self-matching temperature control scheme.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0054] In the present invention, by real-time monitoring and analyzing the humidity gradient inside the chamber, accurately adjusting the humidity conditions, realizing dynamic humidity control, enhancing the accuracy of the drying process, through the dynamic adjustment of the heat and humidity ratio and the cooperation of the moisture evaporation characteristics, optimizing the energy utilization efficiency, reducing energy consumption, considering the influence of water vapor partial pressure in latent heat compensation, improving the matching degree of heat supply and demand, ensuring the drying quality, combining the energy supply matching and the optimization of the wind field balance with the air flow direction data, improving the regional matching of the wind speed and the heating power, ensuring the uniform distribution of the drying medium, and enhancing the overall drying efficiency and uniformity. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0055] Figure 1 It is the system flow chart of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 It is the flow chart of the humidity gradient monitoring module of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 It is the flow chart of the heat and humidity ratio regulation module of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 4 It is the flow chart of the evaporation latent heat calculation module of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 5 It is the flow chart of the energy supply matching module of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 6 This is the flowchart of the air volume balance optimization module of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0061] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0062] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 1 , a temperature adaptive control system applied to the drying of Chinese medicinal materials includes:

[0064] The humidity gradient monitoring module obtains the humidity sensor data at different positions in the drying chamber, calls the measured values of adjacent sensors, calculates the humidity difference in the area, analyzes the humidity gradient distribution based on the humidity change rate, calls the set humidity gradient threshold for comparison, screens the areas where the humidity change rate exceeds the threshold, and calculates and obtains the regional moisture exhaust demand index in combination with the change characteristics of the moisture content of Chinese medicinal materials;

[0065] Based on the regional moisture exhaust demand index, the heat and humidity ratio regulation module obtains the heating power and the air temperature in the drying chamber, calls the measured value of the moisture exhaust air velocity to calculate the air humidity reduction rate, calculates the heat and humidity ratio value per unit heat energy in combination with the moisture evaporation rate data, calls the heat and humidity ratio threshold for comparison, determines the current heat and humidity ratio adjustment direction, and calls the heating power adjustment parameter or the air velocity adjustment parameter in combination with the moisture evaporation characteristic curve of Chinese medicinal materials to calculate and obtain the drying load adjustment index;

[0066] Based on the drying load adjustment index, the evaporation latent heat calculation module obtains the air temperature and air humidity in the target area of the drying chamber, calls the water vapor partial pressure data to calculate the moisture evaporation amount per unit time, calculates the evaporation latent heat demand value in combination with the moisture evaporation amount data, calls the current heating power output value for comparison, calculates the current regional energy supply deviation value, and calculates and obtains the instantaneous latent heat compensation index in combination with the evaporation rate characteristics caused by the change of the tissue structure of Chinese medicinal materials;

[0067] The energy supply matching module obtains the heating power distribution data of the differential regions in the drying chamber based on the instantaneous latent heat compensation index, calls the temperature and humidity sensor data to calculate the heat distribution balance index of multiple regions, screens the regions with insufficient energy supply based on the heat distribution balance index, calls the local energy compensation threshold to calculate the energy supply adjustment index, combines the heat sensitivity during the traditional Chinese medicine drying stage, judges the local heating compensation demand, and obtains the heating power input value;

[0068] The air volume balance optimization module obtains the wind speed measurement values and air flow direction data of the differential regions in the drying chamber based on the heating power input value, calculates the wind field balance index, calls the wind field balance threshold for comparison, screens the regions with unbalanced wind fields, combines the flow characteristics of the drying medium of traditional Chinese medicine, calls the air duct opening and closing parameters to adjust the air flow path, and obtains a self-matching temperature control scheme.

[0069] The regional moisture removal demand index includes the humidity gradient threshold, moisture content change characteristics, and regions with excessive humidity change rate. The drying load adjustment index includes the air humidity reduction rate, unit heat energy heat and moisture ratio, and heating power adjustment parameters. The instantaneous latent heat compensation index includes the moisture evaporation amount, evaporation latent heat demand value, and energy supply deviation value. The heating power input value includes the heating power distribution, heat distribution balance index, and local energy compensation threshold. The self-matching temperature control scheme includes the wind field balance index, regions with unbalanced wind fields, and air duct opening and closing parameters.

[0070] Please refer to Figure 2 , the humidity gradient monitoring module includes:

[0071] The humidity data acquisition sub-module obtains the humidity data at differential positions in the drying chamber, calls the measurement values of adjacent humidity sensors, acquires the humidity information of adjacent regions, and records the corresponding timestamps to obtain a humidity distribution data table;

[0072] Acquire the humidity information of adjacent regions and record their corresponding timestamps. For example, in a large traditional Chinese medicine drying warehouse, data is collected through sensors distributed at different levels and corners to ensure that the data covers all regions of the entire warehouse. The data of each sensor is sent to the central processing unit in real time. Each data point includes the humidity value and the exact timestamp. This data table not only reflects the humidity conditions of different regions but also records the precise time of data acquisition, which is crucial for subsequent humidity change analysis, to obtain a humidity distribution data table.

[0073] The humidity gradient calculation sub-module calculates the humidity difference between adjacent positions based on the humidity distribution data table, calculates the humidity change rate of the differential regions, calls the set humidity gradient threshold, and compares the humidity gradient values of each region to obtain a set of regions that exceed the humidity threshold;

[0074] Calculate the humidity difference between adjacent positions based on the humidity distribution data table. This process can be implemented in a control system, where the system automatically calculates the humidity difference between every two adjacent sensors to determine the humidity change rate. For example, if the humidity shown by a sensor in an area is 30% while that shown by a sensor in the adjacent area is 35%, the system will record this 5% humidity difference. The system continues to compare the data of all sensors and uses a preset humidity gradient threshold to screen out the areas that exceed the threshold. These areas may require special attention or adjustment of the environmental control facilities to obtain the set of areas that exceed the humidity threshold.

[0075] Based on the set of areas that exceed the humidity threshold and combined with the moisture content change characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine, the dehumidification demand calculation sub-module calculates the dehumidification demand index of the area using the formula:

[0076] ;

[0077] Where, represents the dehumidification demand index of area , represents the humidity difference between area and the adjacent area , represents the air circulation volume of the adjacent area , represents the humidity change time of area , represents the parameter of the moisture content change characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine in area , and f represents the total number of adjacent areas involved in the calculation process to obtain the dehumidification demand index of the area;

[0078] Parameter assignment:

[0079] Suppose in a traditional Chinese medicine drying room, the following data are measured:

[0080] Humidity difference between adjacent areas:

[0081] Between sensor 1 and sensor 2: ;

[0082] Between sensor 1 and sensor 3: ;

[0083] Air circulation volume of adjacent areas:

[0084] Air circulation volume corresponding to sensor 2: ;

[0085] Air circulation volume corresponding to sensor 3: ;

[0086] Humidity change time of the area: ;

[0087] Characteristic parameters of the moisture content change of traditional Chinese medicine materials ;

[0088] Calculation steps

[0089] Calculate the product of the humidity difference and the air circulation rate

[0090] ;

[0091] ;

[0092] Calculate the product of the humidity change time and the moisture content change parameter

[0093] ;

[0094] Calculate the dehumidification demand index

[0095] ;

[0096] Result analysis

[0097] Calculated , this value represents the dehumidification demand index of this area, reflecting the humidity change situation and ventilation demand of this area compared with the adjacent areas. If this value is higher than the set dehumidification demand threshold (for example, 20), it means that this area needs to strengthen ventilation or adjust the parameters of the drying equipment to maintain the stability of the drying process of traditional Chinese medicine materials. By comprehensively considering the humidity difference, air circulation rate, humidity change time, and the moisture content change characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine materials, the dehumidification demand index is accurately calculated. Compared with the traditional judgment method based only on humidity change, this formula is more targeted, enabling the drying process to dynamically adjust the dehumidification strategy to improve drying uniformity and energy consumption efficiency. Area (i.e., the area where the measurement point is located) has a dehumidification demand higher than the threshold, indicating a large humidity gradient and the need to adjust ventilation or drying parameters. If , it means that the humidity change in this area is within an acceptable range and no additional adjustment is required. Finally, using this calculation method can dynamically adjust the humidity management strategy of each area in the drying chamber, improve the drying quality, ensure uniform dehydration of traditional Chinese medicine materials, and avoid problems of uneven drying caused by uneven humidity gradients.

[0098] Please refer to Figure 3 , the heat and humidity ratio control module includes;

[0099] The air humidity rate calculation sub-module obtains the dehumidification demand index of the area, obtains the heating power and the air temperature in the drying chamber, calls the measured value of the dehumidification air velocity, and calculates the air humidity reduction rate using the formula:

[0100] ;

[0101] Calculate and obtain the air humidity reduction rate;

[0102] Wherein, represents the air humidity reduction rate, represents the humidity of the incoming air, represents the humidity of the outgoing air, represents the moisture exhaust air velocity, represents the volume of the drying chamber;

[0103] Obtain the regional moisture exhaust demand index, obtain the heating power and the air temperature in the drying chamber, call the measured value of the moisture exhaust air velocity, and calculate the air humidity reduction rate. In actual operation, a humidity control system for a drying chamber will monitor the humidity requirements of each area in real time, calculate its moisture exhaust demand based on the current heating power and air temperature, measure the moisture exhaust air velocity, and perform calculations in combination with the air circulation parameters in the chamber. Assume that the humidity of the incoming air in a certain drying chamber is , the humidity of the outgoing air is , the moisture exhaust air velocity m 3 / h, the volume of the drying chamber m 3 , then use the formula:

[0104] ;

[0105] Substitute the values:

[0106] ;

[0107] Calculate that the air humidity reduction rate of this chamber is 40, indicating the magnitude of the air humidity decrease rate per unit time, and obtain the air humidity reduction rate.

[0108] The heat and moisture ratio calculation sub-module calculates the heat and moisture ratio value per unit thermal energy based on the air humidity reduction rate, combines the moisture evaporation rate data, calls the heat and moisture ratio threshold for comparison, determines the current heat and moisture ratio adjustment direction, and obtains the heat and moisture ratio calculation value;

[0109] Based on the air humidity reduction rate, combine the moisture evaporation rate data, calculate the heat and moisture ratio value per unit thermal energy, call the heat and moisture ratio threshold for comparison, and determine the current heat and moisture ratio adjustment direction. During the drying process, the calculation of the heat and moisture ratio is crucial because it determines the efficiency of using unit thermal energy for moisture evaporation. Assume that the measured moisture evaporation rate is kg / h, the air humidity reduction rate has been calculated as 40, and the unit thermal energy input is kW, then the calculation method of the heat and moisture ratio:

[0110] ;

[0111] Among them is the moisture evaporation rate, is the heat energy input per unit time. Substitute the values:

[0112] ;

[0113] The calculated heat and moisture ratio is 0.0833. Assuming the set heat and moisture ratio threshold is 0.09, and the current calculated value is lower than this threshold, the system determines that it is necessary to increase the heating power or decrease the moisture exhaust wind speed to adjust the heat and moisture ratio during the drying process to make it closer to the target threshold and obtain the heat and moisture ratio calculated value.

[0114] Based on the heat and moisture ratio calculated value and combined with the moisture evaporation characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine materials, the drying load adjustment sub-module calls the heating power adjustment parameter and the wind speed adjustment parameter to calculate and obtain the drying load adjustment index;

[0115] Based on the heat and moisture ratio calculated value, combined with the moisture evaporation characteristic curve of traditional Chinese medicine materials, call the heating power adjustment parameter or the wind speed adjustment parameter to calculate and obtain the drying load adjustment index. According to the moisture evaporation characteristic curve of specific traditional Chinese medicine materials, the system decides whether to adjust the heating power or the wind speed to optimize the drying load. Assume that the current heating power is set to 30 kW and the wind speed is set to 500 m 3 / h, the calculated heat and moisture ratio is 0.0833, and the target heat and moisture ratio is 0.09, then the adjustment index is calculated as follows:

[0116] ;

[0117] The calculated drying load adjustment index is 1.08, which means that it is necessary to increase the drying load by 8%, that is, it can reach the target heat and moisture ratio by increasing the heating power to 32.4 kW or decreasing the wind speed to 460 m 3 / h to obtain the drying load adjustment index.

[0118] Please refer to Figure 4 , the evaporation latent heat calculation module includes;

[0119] The moisture evaporation amount calculation sub-module obtains the drying load adjustment index, obtains the air temperature and air humidity in the target area of the drying cavity, calls the water vapor partial pressure data, calculates the moisture evaporation amount per unit time, and uses the formula:

[0120] ;

[0121] Calculate and obtain the moisture evaporation amount;

[0122] Among them, represents the moisture evaporation amount, represents the water vapor partial pressure, Represents the evaporation surface area, Represents time, Is the gas constant, Represents the air temperature;

[0123] In the moisture evaporation calculation sub-module, obtain the drying load adjustment index, obtain the air temperature and air humidity in the target area of the drying chamber, call the water vapor partial pressure data, and calculate the moisture evaporation amount per unit time. In the actual drying process, to ensure the uniformity of moisture evaporation, first, it is necessary to obtain the air temperature and air humidity data of the drying chamber. These data are usually collected by temperature and humidity sensors and transmitted to the central control system for processing. For example, in a large traditional Chinese medicine drying system, the measured air temperature in the target area is 80°C, and the air humidity is 10%. Subsequently, the system calls the water vapor partial pressure data, combines it with the measured air temperature, and determines the driving force for evaporation by calculating the partial pressure of water vapor in the air. Assuming that the measured water vapor partial pressure is 3000 Pa, the evaporation surface area m 2 , the drying time hours, the gas constant J / (kg·K), then the moisture evaporation amount per unit time can be calculated using the following formula:

[0124] ;

[0125] Where K, substituting the values:

[0126] ;

[0127] ;

[0128] The calculated moisture evaporation amount in this target area is 0.0691 kg, which is the mass of water evaporated from the surface of traditional Chinese medicine per unit time, and the moisture evaporation amount is obtained.

[0129] The latent heat of evaporation demand calculation sub-module calculates the latent heat of evaporation demand value based on the moisture evaporation amount, combines the moisture evaporation amount data, calls the current heating power output value for comparison, calculates the current area energy supply deviation value, and obtains the latent heat of evaporation demand value;

[0130] Based on the moisture evaporation amount, combines the moisture evaporation amount data, calculates the latent heat of evaporation demand value, calls the current heating power output value for comparison, and calculates the current area energy supply deviation value. During the drying process, the latent heat of evaporation demand is a key parameter determining the drying effect. By calculating the energy required for moisture evaporation and comparing it with the energy provided by the current heating system, it is determined whether the energy supply is matched. Assuming the latent heat of moisture evaporation kJ / kg, based on the previously calculated moisture evaporation amount kg, calculate the latent heat of evaporation demand value:

[0131] ;

[0132] Assume the current heating power is 5 kW and the working time is 1.5 h, then the total energy supplied:

[0133] ;

[0134] Calculate the energy supply deviation:

[0135] ;

[0136] The calculated latent heat of evaporation demand value for this target area is 155.97 kJ, and the current energy supply deviation value is 26844.03 kJ. Obtain the latent heat of evaporation demand value.

[0137] The instantaneous latent heat compensation sub-module calculates and obtains the instantaneous latent heat compensation index based on the current regional energy supply deviation value and in combination with the evaporation rate characteristics caused by the change in the tissue structure of Chinese medicinal materials;

[0138] Based on the current regional energy supply deviation value and in combination with the evaporation rate characteristics caused by the change in the tissue structure of Chinese medicinal materials, calculate and obtain the instantaneous latent heat compensation index. During the actual drying process, since the tissue structure of Chinese medicinal materials changes during drying, its moisture evaporation rate also changes with time. Therefore, it is necessary to perform instantaneous latent heat compensation calculations. Assume that during the drying process of a certain medicinal material, its evaporation rate attenuation factor , calculate the instantaneous latent heat compensation index according to the supply deviation value:

[0139] ;

[0140] Substitute the values:

[0141] ;

[0142] The calculated instantaneous latent heat compensation index is 146.3. This value reflects the energy compensation demand during the drying process. Obtain the instantaneous latent heat compensation index.

[0143] Please refer to Figure 5 , the energy supply matching module includes:

[0144] The heat distribution equilibrium calculation sub-module obtains the instantaneous latent heat compensation index, obtains the heating power distribution data of the differential areas in the drying chamber, calls the temperature and humidity sensor data, and calculates the heat distribution equilibrium index of multiple areas using the formula:

[0145] ;

[0146] Calculate and obtain the thermal distribution equilibrium index;

[0147] Wherein, represents the thermal distribution equilibrium index, represents the region temperature, represents the average temperature of all regions, represents the total number of regions involved in the calculation;

[0148] Obtain the instantaneous latent heat compensation index, obtain the heating power distribution data of the differential regions in the drying cavity, call the temperature and humidity sensor data, and calculate the thermal distribution equilibrium index of multiple regions. During the drying process, to ensure uniform heat energy distribution in different regions, it is necessary to monitor the temperature and humidity of each region and quantify the heat energy distribution in the cavity by calculating the thermal distribution equilibrium index. Assume that the drying cavity is divided into four regions, and their temperature data are 78°C, 82°C, 76°C, and 80°C respectively. The temperature average value is calculated as follows:

[0149] ;

[0150] Calculate the square of the deviation of the temperature of each region from the average value:

[0151] ;

[0152] Substitute into the formula to calculate the thermal distribution equilibrium index:

[0153] ;

[0154] The calculated thermal distribution equilibrium index of the target region is 5, indicating the degree of dispersion of the temperature distribution, and obtain the thermal distribution equilibrium index.

[0155] The energy supply adjustment sub-module filters out the regions with insufficient energy supply based on the thermal distribution equilibrium index, calls the local energy compensation threshold, identifies the energy supply data, and obtains the energy supply adjustment index;

[0156] Based on the thermal distribution equilibrium index, filter out the regions with insufficient energy supply, call the local energy compensation threshold, and calculate the energy supply adjustment index. When the thermal distribution equilibrium index is relatively large, it indicates that there are obvious temperature differences between different regions, and it is necessary to identify the regions with insufficient energy supply and make adjustments. Assume that the energy supply compensation threshold is set to 4, and the currently calculated equilibrium index is 5, indicating that there is insufficient energy supply in some regions and further adjustment is required. According to the calculated temperature data, the regions with insufficient energy supply are the regions with temperatures of 76°C and 78°C. Assume that the set local energy compensation threshold is 3kW, and calculate the energy supply adjustment index:

[0157] ;

[0158] Among them kW, substitute the values:

[0159] ;

[0160] The calculated energy supply adjustment index is 0.1899, and the energy supply adjustment index is obtained.

[0161] Based on the energy supply adjustment index and combined with the thermal sensitivity during the Chinese herbal medicine drying stage, the local heating compensation requirement is judged, and the heating power input value is calculated and obtained;

[0162] Based on the energy supply adjustment index and combined with the thermal sensitivity during the Chinese herbal medicine drying stage, the local heating compensation requirement is judged, and the heating power input value is calculated and obtained. During the actual drying process, Chinese herbal medicines in different stages have different sensitivities to heat energy. Therefore, when compensating for energy, the drying stage where the medicinal materials are currently located needs to be considered. Assume that the thermal sensitivity factor of a certain medicinal material , the adjusted heating power input is calculated as follows:

[0163] ;

[0164] Among them kW, substitute the values:

[0165] ;

[0166] The calculated heating power input value is 2.28 kW, indicating the energy input required for the local area, and the heating power input value is obtained.

[0167] Please refer to Figure 6 , the air volume balance optimization module includes:

[0168] The wind field balance calculation sub-module obtains the heating power input value, obtains the wind speed measurement values and air flow direction data of the differential areas in the drying cavity, calculates the wind field balance index, and uses the formula:

[0169] ;

[0170] Among them, represents the wind field balance index, represents the wind speed of the th area, represents the average wind speed of all areas, represents the total number of areas involved in the calculation;

[0171] Based on the input value of the heating power, the air volume balance optimization module obtains the wind speed measurement values and air flow direction data in the differential areas of the drying chamber, calculates the wind field balance index. After obtaining the input value of the heating power, it calls multiple wind speed sensors in the drying chamber to measure the wind speed data in the differential areas and records the wind direction data. The collected data is classified according to the spatial distribution, and the wind speed changes at different measurement points are marked with area numbers. For different measurement points in the same area, the average value of the wind speed is obtained as the basic wind speed of the area. The basic wind speed data of all areas are summed up, and the overall average wind speed of all areas is calculated. During the calculation of the wind field, the unevenness of the wind speed is mainly reflected in the deviation between the wind speed at each measurement point and the overall average wind speed. The average value is taken after summing the squares of the deviations to calculate the overall wind field balance index.

[0172] Calculation steps of the embodiment:

[0173] Set the wind speed data (unit: m / s) in 5 different areas in the drying chamber:

[0174] Area 1: 2.5, 2.7, 2.6;

[0175] Area 2: 3.1, 3.0, 3.2;

[0176] Area 3: 2.0, 2.1, 1.9;

[0177] Area 4: 3.5, 3.4, 3.6;

[0178] Area 5: 2.8, 2.9, 2.7;

[0179] Calculate the average wind speed of each area: Area 1: m / s;

[0180] Area 2: m / s;

[0181] Area 3: m / s;

[0182] Area 4: m / s;

[0183] Area 5: m / s;

[0184] Calculate the overall average wind speed:

[0185] ;

[0186] Calculate the wind field balance index:

[0187] ;

[0188] ;

[0189] ;

[0190] Calculate and obtain the wind field equilibrium index .

[0191] Based on the wind field equilibrium index, the wind field imbalance area screening sub-module calls the wind field equilibrium threshold to screen the wind field imbalance area and obtain the wind field imbalance area;

[0192] Call the wind field equilibrium threshold for comparison, screen the wind field imbalance area, based on the calculated wind field equilibrium index, call the wind field equilibrium threshold, and compare it with the current wind field equilibrium index to determine whether there is an area with too large wind speed deviation. The setting of the wind field equilibrium threshold refers to the standard wind speed deviation range. Generally, the area with a deviation within 10% is regarded as the equilibrium area, and the area with a deviation exceeding 10% is regarded as the imbalance area. For the imbalance area, its number is stored in the abnormal area list, and the wind speed deviation ratio of this area is calculated; during the screening process, if there are multiple measurement points in a wind speed measurement point of a certain area with deviations exceeding the set threshold, this area will be classified as a wind field imbalance area as a whole, and the wind speed average value, wind speed deviation rate, and maximum deviation value between measurement points of this area will be recorded to obtain the wind field imbalance area.

[0193] Based on the wind field imbalance area, the air flow path adjustment sub-module combines the flow characteristics of the Chinese herbal medicine drying medium, calls the air duct opening and closing parameters, adjusts the air flow path, and calculates and obtains a self-matching temperature control scheme;

[0194] Combine the flow characteristics of the Chinese herbal medicine drying medium, call the air duct opening and closing parameters to adjust the air flow path. Based on the measurement data of the wind field imbalance area, combined with the adaptability of Chinese herbal medicine to wind speed during the drying process, set the air flow guiding and adjusting method. Different types of Chinese herbal medicines have different sensitivities to wind speed. For example, leafy herbs require uniform wind speed, while tuberous herbs allow moderate changes in wind speed. When adjusting the air flow path, first call the air duct opening and closing parameters, adjust the opening and closing degree of the air duct valves in different areas to appropriately increase or decrease the air volume in a certain area, and at the same time perform linkage adjustment on the wind speed in adjacent areas to make the overall wind field tend to be balanced. Calculate the opening change rate through air duct flow control and set the air duct adjustment scheme. After calculating the air duct opening and closing parameters, perform the air duct adjustment operation to obtain a self-matching temperature control scheme.

[0195] A temperature adaptive control method applied to Chinese herbal medicine drying includes the following steps:

[0196] S1: Call the humidity sensor data at different positions in the drying chamber, calculate the humidity difference between regions, analyze the humidity gradient distribution according to the humidity change rate, call the set humidity gradient threshold for comparison, and for the regions where the humidity change rate exceeds the threshold, calculate and generate the regional dehumidification demand index;

[0197] S2: Based on the regional dehumidification demand index, obtain the heating power and the air temperature in the drying chamber, calculate the air humidity reduction rate, combine with the water evaporation rate data, calculate the heat and humidity ratio of unit thermal energy, compare with the heat and humidity ratio threshold, adjust the heating power or the wind speed to adjust the heat and humidity ratio, and generate the drying load adjustment index;

[0198] S3: Call the drying load adjustment index, monitor the air temperature and humidity in the target region, calculate the water vapor partial pressure, calculate the latent heat of vaporization demand value based on the water evaporation amount, compare with the current heating power output, and obtain and generate the instantaneous latent heat compensation index;

[0199] S4: Based on the instantaneous latent heat compensation index, calculate the heating power distribution in different regions of the drying chamber, call the temperature and humidity sensor data to calculate the thermal distribution balance index of multiple regions, screen the regions with insufficient energy supply, adjust the energy supply, and generate the local energy compensation demand value;

[0200] S5: Call the local energy compensation demand value, monitor the wind speed measurement value and the air flow direction in different regions of the drying chamber, calculate the wind field balance index, compare with the wind field balance threshold, adjust the air flow path to adjust the wind field balance, and obtain the self-matching temperature control scheme.

[0201] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in other forms. Any person skilled in the art may use the disclosed technical content to make changes or modifications into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes and apply them to other fields. However, as long as it does not depart from the technical solution content of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temperature adaptive control system applied to the drying of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, characterized in that: The system includes: The humidity gradient monitoring module obtains humidity data, calculates the regional humidity difference, analyzes the humidity gradient, screens the areas exceeding the threshold, and combines with the change in the moisture content of Chinese herbal medicines to calculate and obtain the regional moisture removal demand index; The heat and humidity ratio control module calculates the air humidity reduction rate based on the regional moisture removal demand index, calculates the heat and humidity ratio in combination with the water evaporation rate, calls the threshold judgment to adjust the direction, optimizes the heating power or wind speed adjustment parameters, and obtains the drying load adjustment index; The latent heat of evaporation calculation module calculates the water evaporation amount and the latent heat of evaporation demand value based on the drying load adjustment index, combines with the heating power output to compare the energy supply deviation, and obtains the instantaneous latent heat compensation index; The energy supply matching module calculates the multi-regional heat distribution balance index based on the instantaneous latent heat compensation index, screens the areas with insufficient energy supply, calls the energy compensation threshold, calculates the energy supply adjustment index, and obtains the heating power input value; The air volume balance optimization module calculates the air flow field balance index based on the heating power input value, screens the areas with unbalanced air flow fields, combines with the flow characteristics of the drying medium of Chinese herbal medicines, adjusts the air duct opening and closing parameters, optimizes the air flow path, and obtains the self-matching temperature control scheme; The humidity gradient monitoring module includes: The humidity data acquisition sub-module obtains the humidity data at different positions in the drying cavity, calls the measurement values of adjacent humidity sensors, acquires the humidity information of adjacent areas, and records the corresponding timestamps to obtain the humidity distribution data table; The humidity gradient calculation sub-module calculates the humidity difference between adjacent positions based on the humidity distribution data table, calculates the humidity change rate of the differential area, calls the set humidity gradient threshold, and compares the humidity gradient values of each area to obtain the set of areas exceeding the humidity threshold; The moisture removal demand calculation sub-module calculates the regional moisture removal demand index based on the set of areas exceeding the humidity threshold, in combination with the change characteristics of the moisture content of Chinese herbal medicines, using the formula: Among them, D i represents the moisture removal demand index of region i, ΔH ij represents the humidity difference between region i and adjacent region j, V j represents the air circulation volume of adjacent region j, T i represents the humidity change time of region i, C i represents the characteristic parameter of the change in the moisture content of Chinese herbal medicines in region i, f represents the total number of adjacent regions involved in the calculation process, and the moisture removal demand index of the region is obtained.

2. The temperature adaptive control system applied to the drying of traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, wherein, The regional moisture removal demand index includes the humidity gradient threshold, the change characteristics of the moisture content, and the areas with excessive humidity change rate. The drying load adjustment index includes the air humidity reduction rate, the heat and humidity ratio per unit heat energy, and the heating power adjustment parameters. The instantaneous latent heat compensation index includes the water evaporation amount, the latent heat of evaporation demand value, and the energy supply deviation value. The heating power input value includes the heating power distribution, the heat distribution balance index, and the local energy compensation threshold. The self-matching temperature control scheme includes the air flow field balance index, the areas with unbalanced air flow fields, and the air duct opening and closing parameters.

3. The temperature adaptive control system applied to the drying of traditional Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat and humidity ratio control module includes; The air humidity rate calculation sub-module obtains the regional moisture removal demand index, obtains the heating power and the air temperature in the drying cavity, calls the measured value of the moisture removal wind speed, and calculates the air humidity reduction rate, using the formula: Calculate and obtain the air humidity reduction rate; Among them, R h represents the air humidity reduction rate, W in represents the humidity of the incoming air, W out represents the humidity of the outgoing air, F represents the moisture exhaust velocity, and V represents the drying chamber volume; The heat and humidity ratio calculation sub-module calculates the heat and humidity ratio per unit heat energy based on the air humidity reduction rate, in combination with the water evaporation rate data, calls the heat and humidity ratio threshold for comparison, judges the current heat and humidity ratio adjustment direction, and obtains the heat and humidity ratio calculation value; Based on the calculated value of the heat and humidity ratio and in combination with the moisture evaporation characteristics of Chinese herbal medicines, the drying load adjustment sub-module calls the heating power adjustment parameter and the wind speed adjustment parameter to calculate and obtain the drying load adjustment index.

4. The temperature adaptive control system applied to the drying of traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, wherein The evaporation latent heat calculation module includes: The moisture evaporation amount calculation sub-module obtains the drying load adjustment index, obtains the air temperature and air humidity in the target area of the drying cavity, calls the water vapor partial pressure data, calculates the moisture evaporation amount per unit time, and uses the formula: Calculate and obtain the moisture evaporation amount; where M represents the moisture evaporation amount, P v represents the water vapor partial pressure, A represents the evaporation surface area, t represents time, R is the gas constant, and T represents the air temperature; The evaporation latent heat demand calculation sub-module calculates the evaporation latent heat demand value based on the moisture evaporation amount and in combination with the moisture evaporation amount data, calls the current heating power output value for comparison, calculates the current regional energy supply deviation value, and obtains the evaporation latent heat demand value; The instantaneous latent heat compensation sub-module calculates and obtains the instantaneous latent heat compensation index based on the current regional energy supply deviation value and in combination with the evaporation rate characteristics caused by the change in the tissue structure of Chinese herbal medicines.

5. The temperature adaptive control system applied to the drying of traditional Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy supply matching module includes: The heat distribution balance calculation sub-module obtains the instantaneous latent heat compensation index, obtains the heating power distribution data of the differential areas in the drying cavity, calls the temperature and humidity sensor data, and calculates the heat distribution balance index of multiple areas, using the formula: Calculate and obtain the heat distribution balance index; Among them, B h represents the heat distribution equilibrium index, T i represents the temperature of region i, T avg represents the average temperature of all regions, and n represents the total number of regions involved in the calculation; The energy supply adjustment sub-module screens the areas with insufficient energy supply based on the heat distribution balance index, calls the local energy compensation threshold, calculates the energy supply adjustment index, and obtains the energy supply adjustment index; The heating power input calculation sub-module judges the local heating compensation requirement based on the energy supply adjustment index and in combination with the heat sensitivity during the drying stage of Chinese herbal medicines, and calculates and obtains the heating power input value.

6. The temperature adaptive control system applied to the drying of traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, wherein, The air volume balance optimization module includes: The air field balance calculation sub-module obtains the heating power input value, obtains the wind speed measurement value and the air flow direction data of the differential areas in the drying cavity, calculates the air field balance index, and uses the formula: Calculate and obtain the air field balance index; Among them, E w represents the wind field balance index, W j represents the wind speed in the j-th area, W mean represents the average wind speed of all areas, and m represents the total number of areas involved in the calculation; The unbalanced air field area screening sub-module screens the unbalanced air field areas based on the air field balance index, calls the air field balance threshold, and obtains the unbalanced air field areas; The air flow path adjustment sub-module adjusts the air flow path based on the unbalanced air field areas, in combination with the flow characteristics of the drying medium of Chinese herbal medicines, calls the air duct opening and closing parameters, and calculates and obtains the self-matching temperature control scheme.

7. A temperature adaptive control method applied to the drying of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, characterized in that, An application of the temperature adaptive control system in the drying of Chinese herbal medicines according to any one of claims 1-6 is executed, including the following steps: S1: Call the humidity sensor data at different positions in the drying cavity, calculate the humidity difference between regions, analyze the humidity gradient distribution according to the humidity change rate, call the set humidity gradient threshold for comparison, and for the regions where the humidity change rate exceeds the threshold, calculate and generate the regional moisture removal demand index; S2: Based on the regional moisture removal demand index, obtain the heating power and the air temperature in the drying cavity, calculate the air humidity reduction rate, in combination with the moisture evaporation rate data, calculate the heat and humidity ratio of unit heat energy, compare with the heat and humidity ratio threshold, adjust the heating power or the wind speed to adjust the heat and humidity ratio, and generate the drying load adjustment index; S3: Call the drying load adjustment index, monitor the air temperature and humidity in the target area, calculate the water vapor partial pressure, calculate the latent heat of vaporization demand value based on the moisture evaporation amount, compare it with the current heating power output, and obtain and generate an instantaneous latent heat compensation index; S4: Based on the instantaneous latent heat compensation index, calculate the heating power distribution in the differential area of the drying cavity, call the temperature and humidity sensor data to calculate the thermal distribution balance index of multiple areas, screen the areas with insufficient energy supply, adjust the energy supply, and generate a local energy compensation demand value; S5: Call the local energy compensation demand value, monitor the wind speed measurement value and air flow direction in the differential area of the drying cavity, calculate the wind field balance index, compare it with the wind field balance threshold, adjust the air flow path to adjust the wind field balance, and obtain a self-matching temperature control scheme.

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