Intelligent agricultural energy-saving management system

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent agricultural energy-saving management system, which relates to the technical field of intelligent agricultural management control systems and comprises an environmental data acquisition unit, an intelligent control unit and a compensation unit. The environment data acquisition unit is used for acquiring environment data in the planting greenhouse in real time. The intelligent control unit is electrically connected with the environmental data acquisition unit, and performs cooperative calculation through a light-temperature-humidity-gas cooperative algorithm according to the acquired environmental data so as to determine a compensation signal; and the compensation unit is connected with the intelligent control unit and is used for acquiring the compensation signal and executing a corresponding compensation behavior according to the compensation signal. According to the intelligent agricultural energy-saving management system, by integrating the illumination intensity, the temperature, the humidity and the carbon dioxide concentration, dynamic balance of greenhouse environment parameters is achieved, and the problem of secondary environment unbalance possibly caused by a single light supplementing control behavior is effectively solved; the plant photosynthesis efficiency can be effectively improved, and meanwhile energy-saving optimization is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of smart agriculture management and control systems, and in particular to a smart agriculture energy-saving management system. Background Art

[0002] A greenhouse is a building with heating, heat preservation, and supplementary lighting facilities that is widely used for growing vegetables, flowers, and other crops. At present, in the process of growing crops in greenhouses, if the external light intensity is insufficient (such as rainy days, snowy days, etc.), the photosynthesis efficiency of the plants will be affected and reduced. Therefore, supplementary lighting measures are generally implemented to ensure the normal growth of plants, for example, using high-pressure sodium lamps with a spectrum closer to sunlight for supplementary lighting.

[0003] At present, fill-in-light operation generally only considers the light intensity factor. For example, in the existing fill-in-light operation, the light intensity of the fill-in-light is generally determined based on the difference between the light intensity required for growing plants and the natural light intensity in the current environment. Such fill-in-light operation will have the following problems: First, the light intensity of the supplementary light is generally greater than the light intensity required for the actual photosynthesis of the plants, resulting in a waste of energy.

[0004] Second, the fill light operation will not only increase the light in the greenhouse, but also have a certain impact on the temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration. It may cause local areas to be too hot, the carbon dioxide concentration is insufficient, and the humidity is too low. These phenomena may inhibit plant photosynthesis and have an adverse effect on crop growth. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems in the related art, the present invention provides a smart agricultural energy-saving management system.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A smart agricultural energy-saving management system, comprising: An environmental data acquisition unit, used to obtain environmental data in the planting greenhouse in real time, the environmental data including light intensity data, temperature data, humidity data and carbon dioxide concentration data; An intelligent control unit is electrically connected to the environmental data acquisition unit and performs collaborative calculations based on the acquired environmental data through a light-temperature-humidity-gas collaborative algorithm to determine a compensation signal; Among them, collaborative calculations through the light-temperature-humidity-gas collaborative algorithm include: The compensation signal is determined according to the following simultaneous equations: In the formula, is the actual fill light intensity, is the current carbon dioxide concentration data, is the minimum permissible value of carbon dioxide, is the carbon dioxide consumption coefficient, is the temperature safety threshold, is the current temperature data, is the heat generation coefficient of the lamp, is the current humidity data, is the lower humidity threshold, is the humidity attenuation coefficient, is the maximum light intensity of the lamp, To grow plants, To compensate for the ventilation rate, is the ventilation temperature threshold, is the internal area of ​​the greenhouse, is the carbon dioxide compensation rate, is the lower threshold of carbon dioxide compensation, is the moisturizing rate, is the humidity control threshold, is the transpiration coefficient of the plant species; The compensation unit is connected to the intelligent control unit to obtain a compensation signal and perform corresponding compensation actions according to the compensation signal.

[0007] Optionally, when the plant is a leafy vegetable, Set it to 1.3 to 1.7 times the light compensation point of the plant. Set it to 1.1 to 1.4 times the light compensation point for this type of plant.

[0008] Optionally, the environmental data acquisition unit includes a plurality of photon sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors and carbon dioxide concentration sensors; wherein, A plurality of the photon sensors are arranged at intervals of 15 cm to 30 cm above the canopy of the plant; A plurality of the temperature sensors and the humidity sensors are used to be arranged at intervals in the planting greenhouse at 0.6 meters to 1.2 meters above the ground; A plurality of the carbon dioxide concentration sensors are used to be set at intervals in ventilation dead corners in the planting greenhouse, and the setting height of the carbon dioxide concentration sensors is 0.5A to 0.7A, wherein A is the average height of the internal space of the greenhouse.

[0009] Optionally, three adjacent sensors of the same type among the plurality of sensors corresponding to the environmental data acquisition unit are set as a group; If the difference between the environmental data collected by all the same type of sensors in each group is less than or equal to the set threshold, the environmental data collected by all the same type of sensors in the group are arithmetic averaged, and the data after the arithmetic average is used as the environmental data collected by the group of sensors; If the difference between the environmental data collected by two sensors in each group of the same type of sensors is less than or equal to the set threshold, and the difference between the environmental data collected by the remaining sensor and the environmental data collected by the aforementioned two sensors is greater than the set threshold, the environmental data collected by the aforementioned two sensors are arithmetic averaged, and the data after the arithmetic average is used as the environmental data collected by this group of sensors.

[0010] Optionally, if the differences between the environmental data collected by three sensors in each group of the same type of sensors are all greater than a set threshold, an alarm signal is output.

[0011] Optionally, in the light-humidity-temperature-air synergy algorithm, the calculation formula for the compensation ventilation rate is: In the formula, It is the humidity-ventilation synergistic influencing factor.

[0012] Optionally, in the light-humidity-temperature-air collaborative algorithm, if the current carbon dioxide concentration data Minimum allowable value of carbon dioxide satisfy: Then, the calculation formula for the carbon dioxide compensation rate is: To make the current carbon dioxide concentration data Close to the minimum allowable value of carbon dioxide The CO2 compensation rate is automatically increased when

[0013] Optionally, in the light-humidity-temperature-air collaborative algorithm, if the current temperature data satisfy: Then, the formula for calculating the moisturizing rate is: In the formula, The temperature judgment threshold is set.

[0014] Optionally, current temperature data The calculation formula is: In the formula, It is the real-time temperature collected by the environmental data collection unit. It is the average temperature collected by the environmental data collection unit within a preset time period before the current moment.

[0015] Optionally, the compensation unit includes: A fill light device, used for adjusting the fill light intensity in the greenhouse according to the compensation signal; a ventilation device for adjusting a ventilation rate in the greenhouse according to the compensation signal; a carbon dioxide generating device for adjusting a carbon dioxide compensation rate in the greenhouse according to the compensation signal; The humidity compensation device is used to adjust the humidity compensation rate in the greenhouse according to the compensation signal.

[0016] Beneficial effects: 1. Through the above technical scheme, first, the smart agricultural energy-saving management system of the present invention realizes the dynamic balance of greenhouse environmental parameters by integrating real-time data of light intensity, temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration, and avoids the imbalance of other environmental factors caused by a single supplementary lighting operation.

[0017] Second, based on the min function (shortest board principle), the intensity of supplementary lighting is dynamically limited to ensure that the corresponding compensation control is activated when the carbon dioxide concentration, temperature, and humidity are within a certain threshold range, reducing ineffective energy consumption and saving energy. At the same time, through the constraints such as the minimum allowable value of carbon dioxide, temperature safety threshold, humidity lower limit threshold, maximum light intensity of lamps, ventilation temperature threshold, and humidity control threshold set in the light-temperature-humidity-gas collaborative algorithm, risk warning can be pre-set, that is, when the environmental parameters are close to the critical point, the compensation behavior is triggered in advance to prevent the occurrence of photosynthesis inhibition.

[0018] Thirdly, the compensation unit provided in the present invention can execute corresponding compensation actions according to the compensation signal, thereby adjusting the environment in the entire greenhouse so that the plants in the greenhouse can perform photosynthesis more appropriately.

[0019] Fourth, the present invention constructs a complete technical closed loop of data collection, algorithm decision-making, and physical execution. Through real-time monitoring of environmental parameters, multi-parameter coupling models and dynamic compensation mechanisms, it effectively solves the problem of secondary environmental imbalance that may be caused by a single fill light control behavior in the existing fill light system, and can effectively improve the photosynthesis efficiency of plants while achieving energy-saving optimization.

[0020] 2. Other beneficial effects or advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the specific implementation manner. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0022] in: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the layout of a smart agricultural energy-saving management system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0024] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof mentioned in the description of the present invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally includes other steps or units that are not listed, or optionally includes other steps or units that are inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. It should also be noted that in the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present invention should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.

[0026] To facilitate understanding by relevant technical personnel, the following first takes high-pressure sodium lamp supplementary lighting as an example to further explain in detail the technical problems existing in the existing related technologies.

[0027] At present, high-pressure sodium lamps are still one of the most widely used lighting methods in the planting industry. Their advantages include cost-effectiveness (the initial construction cost of high-pressure sodium lamps is lower than other lighting methods, and the one-time investment cost is less), mature technology (there are a large number of large-scale and long-term use cases, and the lighting effect is stable and reliable) and better light output characteristics (the spectrum of high-pressure sodium lamps is mainly concentrated in the yellow and red regions, which is suitable for most plants, and has certain advantages in promoting flowering and fruit ripening).

[0028] As for the supplementary light intensity, it is generally estimated by the calculation formula: supplementary light intensity = light intensity required for plants - current external light intensity.

[0029] For this calculation formula, the light intensity required for growing plants is determined based on factors such as the type of plant and its growth cycle. Generally, a certain amount of redundancy will be added. At the same time, the current external light intensity changes in real time. In this way, it is easy for the calculated supplementary light intensity to be greater than the actual light intensity required for the current photosynthesis of the plant, resulting in energy waste.

[0030] At the same time, high-pressure sodium lamps will also generate heat while emitting light. This part of heat will have a direct impact on the temperature distribution in the greenhouse, which may cause the overall temperature in the greenhouse to rise and the local temperature to be too high (above 35°C), thereby reducing the activity of plant enzymes or causing heat stress. At the same time, after the supplementary light is enhanced, the demand for carbon dioxide in the plants will increase. If the ventilation in the greenhouse is poor or the carbon dioxide is insufficient (for example, organic fertilizer is not applied or ventilation is not timely), the carbon dioxide concentration will decrease, which is not conducive to photosynthesis. In addition, the increase in temperature in the greenhouse accelerates the evaporation of water and plant transpiration in the greenhouse, which may cause the humidity in the greenhouse to be too low, causing the stomata of the plants to close, which in turn affects their photosynthesis.

[0031] In addition, precisely because the changes in temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration will inhibit the photosynthesis of plants to a certain extent while supplementing light, the supplementary light intensity determined according to the above calculation formula (supplementary light intensity = light intensity required by plants - current external light intensity) will be significantly greater than the light intensity required for the current photosynthesis of plants, which will also cause energy waste to a certain extent.

[0032] Therefore, how to ensure the photosynthesis of plants more accurately and effectively on the basis of energy saving (i.e., coordinate the control of light intensity, temperature, humidity, and compensation of carbon dioxide concentration) has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0033] In view of this, the present invention provides a brand-new solution, namely, a smart agricultural energy-saving management system of the present invention. The overall technical concept of the present invention is: by real-time collection of data on light intensity, temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse, and collaborative calculation through a light-temperature-humidity-gas collaborative algorithm (integrating the coupling relationship of light, temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration through simultaneous equations), dynamic collaborative control of greenhouse environmental parameters is achieved, secondary environmental imbalance caused by a single lighting supplement behavior is avoided, and energy-saving optimization is achieved while improving the photosynthesis efficiency of plants.

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a smart agricultural energy-saving management system, including an environmental data acquisition unit, an intelligent control unit and a compensation unit. Among them, the environmental data acquisition unit is used to obtain the environmental data in the planting greenhouse in real time, and the environmental data includes light intensity data, temperature data, humidity data and carbon dioxide concentration data. The intelligent control unit is electrically connected to the environmental data acquisition unit, and performs collaborative calculations through a light-temperature-humidity-gas collaborative algorithm based on the acquired environmental data to determine a compensation signal; the collaborative calculations through the light-temperature-humidity-gas collaborative algorithm include: The compensation signal is determined according to the following simultaneous equations: In the formula, is the actual fill light intensity, is the current carbon dioxide concentration data, is the minimum permissible value of carbon dioxide, is the carbon dioxide consumption coefficient, is the temperature safety threshold, is the current temperature data, is the heat generation coefficient of the lamp, is the current humidity data, is the lower humidity threshold, is the humidity attenuation coefficient, is the maximum light intensity of the lamp, To grow plants, To compensate for the ventilation rate, is the ventilation temperature threshold, is the internal area of ​​the greenhouse, is the carbon dioxide compensation rate, is the lower threshold of carbon dioxide compensation, is the moisturizing rate, is the humidity control threshold, is the transpiration coefficient of the plant species; The compensation unit is connected to the intelligent control unit to obtain a compensation signal and perform corresponding compensation actions according to the compensation signal.

[0036] Through the above technical scheme, firstly, the smart agricultural energy-saving management system of the present invention realizes the dynamic balance of greenhouse environmental parameters by integrating real-time data of light intensity, temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration, thereby avoiding the imbalance of other environmental factors caused by a single supplementary lighting operation.

[0037] Second, based on the min function (shortest board principle), the intensity of supplementary lighting is dynamically limited to ensure that the corresponding compensation control is activated when the carbon dioxide concentration, temperature, and humidity are within a certain threshold range, reducing ineffective energy consumption and saving energy. At the same time, through the constraints such as the minimum allowable value of carbon dioxide, temperature safety threshold, humidity lower limit threshold, maximum light intensity of lamps, ventilation temperature threshold, and humidity control threshold set in the light-temperature-humidity-gas collaborative algorithm, risk warning can be pre-set, that is, when the environmental parameters are close to the critical point, the compensation behavior is triggered in advance to prevent the occurrence of photosynthesis inhibition.

[0038] Among them, for In terms of the supplementary light intensity, the most limiting environmental factor is selected by the minimum function (i.e., the supplementary light intensity is determined by the carbon dioxide residual , Temperature safety margin and humidity margin In this way, it can effectively ensure that when any environmental factor approaches the corresponding threshold, the fill light intensity can be automatically reduced to avoid imbalance of other environmental factors caused by fill light, thereby effectively ensuring that the plants can photosynthesize more appropriately.

[0039] For For example, if the temperature exceeds the set threshold When the ventilation efficiency is adjusted linearly according to the temperature difference, the greenhouse area is introduced Parameters are used to achieve adaptive calculation of ventilation volume for greenhouses of different sizes.

[0040] For In terms of carbon dioxide compensation, it reflects that the carbon dioxide compensation is positively correlated with the supplementary light intensity (more carbon dioxide is consumed when photosynthesis is enhanced) and negatively correlated with temperature (temperature increase will reduce plant enzyme activity or cause heat stress, resulting in weakened photosynthesis, thereby reducing carbon dioxide consumption. At the same time, temperature increase will promote respiration to produce carbon dioxide). For example, in an exemplary embodiment, 0.6 kg / h of carbon dioxide needs to be supplemented for every 1 μmol increase in light intensity, but 0.02 kg / h is reduced for every 1°C increase in temperature.

[0041] For For exponential terms It is used to simulate the phenomenon of increased water evaporation in high temperature environment, that is, as the temperature rises, the humidification demand also decreases. At the same time, the transpiration coefficient of plants is introduced , in order to achieve differentiated regulation for different types of plants.

[0042] Thirdly, the compensation unit provided in the present invention can execute corresponding compensation actions according to the compensation signal, thereby adjusting the environment in the entire greenhouse so that the plants in the greenhouse can perform photosynthesis more appropriately.

[0043] Fourth, the present invention constructs a complete technical closed loop of data collection, algorithm decision-making, and physical execution. Through real-time monitoring of environmental parameters, multi-parameter coupling models and dynamic compensation mechanisms, it effectively solves the problem of secondary environmental imbalance that may be caused by a single fill light control behavior in the existing fill light system, and can effectively improve the photosynthesis efficiency of plants while achieving energy-saving optimization.

[0044] Different types of plants have different light compensation points and light saturation points (this is due to differences in the genetic characteristics, leaf structure and photosynthesis efficiency of different varieties of plants). At the same time, the light compensation points of the same type of plants are different in different growth periods (for example, the light compensation point and light saturation point of tomatoes in the seedling stage, flowering stage, and fruiting stage are also different).

[0045] In view of this, in order to enable different types of plants to more efficiently utilize light for photosynthesis at different growth stages, the above embodiments The value of (light intensity required for plants) can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0046] For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, when the plant is a leafy vegetable, It can be set to 1.3 to 1.7 times the light compensation point of the plant to meet its demand for high light intensity for rapid growth. In another embodiment of the present invention, when the plant is a fruit or vegetable, It can be set to 1.1 to 1.4 times the light compensation point of this type of plant to prevent light inhibition such as stomatal closure caused by excessive light supplementation.

[0047] In this way, first, for different plants (mainly distinguishing between leafy vegetables and fruiting vegetables, to simplify The light compensation parameters are set based on the photosynthetic characteristics of ... (Light intensity required by plants) to avoid the problem of energy waste or insufficient light that may occur when using a unified threshold. It can not only effectively improve energy utilization efficiency and save energy, but also effectively meet the light requirements of different plants and ensure the efficiency of their photosynthesis.

[0048] Second, the present invention sets different light compensation parameters (Light intensity required by plants) can dynamically match the light requirements of plants, which can effectively optimize energy efficiency and reduce the length of ineffective lighting.

[0049] In the actual data monitoring process, the setting of the environmental data collection unit will directly affect the accuracy, availability and reliability of the collected environmental data. Therefore, how to specifically set the location of the environmental data collection unit is of great significance to the reliable implementation of the present invention.

[0050] For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the environmental data acquisition unit may include a number of photon sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and carbon dioxide concentration sensors. Among them, a number of photon sensors are used to be spaced 15 cm to 30 cm above the canopy of the plant; a number of temperature sensors and humidity sensors are used to be spaced 0.6 m to 1.2 m above the ground in the planting greenhouse; a number of carbon dioxide concentration sensors are used to be spaced in the ventilation dead corner area of ​​the planting greenhouse and the setting height of the carbon dioxide concentration sensors is 0.5A to 0.7A, where A is the average height of the internal space of the greenhouse.

[0051] In this way, through the above technical scheme, first, the photon sensors are spaced 15 cm to 30 cm above the canopy of the plants, so that the photon sensors are located in the core action area of ​​the photosynthetic active radiation of the plants. Compared with the traditional arrangement on the top of the greenhouse, the core light intensity data of the photosynthesis of the plants can be directly obtained, which can avoid the possible canopy shading errors and ensure that the collected PAR values ​​have better accuracy, availability and reliability.

[0052] Second, setting the temperature sensor and humidity sensor 0.6 to 1.2 meters above the ground in the planting greenhouse can make the temperature sensor and humidity sensor located in the air temperature and humidity sensitive area of ​​the plant growth layer. At the same time, it can also eliminate the interference of ground temperature (ground temperature fluctuation can reach ±5°C) and ground humidity (the evaporation effect of the ground can cause certain fluctuations in surface humidity) on plant physiological activities that may occur in the traditional greenhouse top or ground layout, ensuring that the collected temperature and humidity data have better accuracy, availability and reliability.

[0053] Third, the carbon dioxide concentration sensor is set in the ventilation dead corner area of ​​the planting greenhouse and the setting height of the carbon dioxide concentration sensor is 0.5A to 0.7A. Such locations are areas where carbon dioxide is prone to accumulate (for example, the corners of the greenhouse). In this way, the carbon dioxide concentration sensor can effectively capture the accumulation of carbon dioxide in areas with weak greenhouse air circulation, avoid the photosynthetic inhibition caused by local low concentration, and the collected carbon dioxide concentration data has better accuracy, availability and reliability.

[0054] In addition, the setting height of the carbon dioxide concentration sensor is 0.5A to 0.7A, which is much higher than the influence range of soil microbial respiration and can effectively avoid interference from ground carbon dioxide concentration.

[0055] In summary, the photon sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor and carbon dioxide concentration sensor provided in the present invention are combined through space-specific arrangement strategies, plant physiological characteristics and ground interference to build a more accurate, usable and reliable three-dimensional environmental monitoring network, so that data monitoring can be more accurate.

[0056] Since the greenhouse is large and the sparseness of plants at different locations varies, there must be differences in sensor data at different locations. Whether the data differences are reasonable or whether certain data is available is a key factor in realizing the smart agricultural energy-saving control system of the present invention.

[0057] In view of this, in one embodiment of the present invention, three adjacent sensors of the same type among the plurality of sensors corresponding to the environmental data acquisition unit may be set as a group; If the difference between the environmental data collected by all the same type of sensors in each group is less than or equal to the set threshold, the environmental data collected by all the same type of sensors in the group are arithmetic averaged, and the data after the arithmetic average is used as the environmental data collected by the group of sensors; If the difference between the environmental data collected by two sensors in each group of the same type of sensors is less than or equal to the set threshold, and the difference between the environmental data collected by the remaining sensor and the environmental data collected by the aforementioned two sensors is greater than the set threshold, the environmental data collected by the aforementioned two sensors are arithmetic averaged, and the data after the arithmetic average is used as the environmental data collected by this group of sensors.

[0058] In this way, through the above technical scheme, the present invention constructs a sensor data fusion judgment mechanism, which can effectively improve the anti-interference ability and fault diagnosis ability of the smart agricultural energy-saving control system of the present invention.

[0059] Specifically, first, the present invention forms a data verification group with three adjacent sensors of the same type, and uses the majority consensus principle (2 / 3 voting mechanism) to filter abnormal data. When the difference in the data of the three sensors is ≤ the set threshold, the arithmetic mean can be used to eliminate accidental errors; when a single abnormal value appears, the abnormal data is automatically excluded and the valid data is retained, which significantly improves the accuracy, availability and reliability of environmental data.

[0060] Second, the present invention sets a tolerance threshold for environmental parameter changes (i.e., the set threshold in this embodiment, for example, for a temperature sensor, the set threshold may be 0.8°C) to distinguish between normal data fluctuations and equipment failures. In this way, local interference (for example, equipment heating affects temperature sensors, sprinkler water drops affect humidity sensors, etc.) can be effectively dealt with. In one embodiment of the present invention, if the differences between the environmental data collected by the three sensors in each group of the same type of sensors are all greater than a set threshold, an alarm signal is output.

[0061] In this embodiment, when the data of three similar sensors in the same group are mutually exclusive (i.e., the differences between the environmental data collected by the three sensors are all greater than the set threshold), the present invention determines it as a systematic fault (e.g., sensor damage, poor line contact, etc.) or a sudden environmental change (e.g., a local heating device failure causes a sudden change in local temperature), and triggers an alarm signal to facilitate manual verification, intervention or maintenance.

[0062] In addition, it is understood that when the alarm signal is output, the position information of the group of three sensors can be output so that the staff can more quickly determine the location of the data anomaly. At the same time, when the alarm signal is output, the compensation behavior in the corresponding area (for example, fill light or temperature compensation) can also be interrupted to avoid destructive compensation for the data anomaly area (for example, continuous fill light may cause plant burns).

[0063] It should be noted that the above technical solution can achieve three-level data security protection. Specifically, the first level is the accuracy protection of a single sensor, the second level is the data verification within the group (corresponding to the majority consensus principle), and the third level is the system-level abnormal alarm (corresponding to the mutual exclusion of three similar sensor data). In this way, the smart agricultural energy-saving control system of the present invention can have better performance in the following application scenarios: The first application scenario: gradual sensor failure. For example, when a temperature sensor has a drift error (for example, the measurement error of the temperature sensor increases by 0.2°C every period of time), the second-level intra-group data verification method can gradually reduce its data weight, and the third-level system-level abnormal alarm can trigger an alarm signal when the error accumulates to exceed a certain threshold.

[0064] The second application scenario: sudden environmental disturbances. For example, a fire in a local area caused by a faulty or damaged fill light will cause the abnormal temperature rise to be quickly identified by the adjacent temperature sensors and trigger an alarm signal.

[0065] The third application scenario: equipment maintenance guidance. When multiple sets of sensor alarms appear in a certain area, the location of the faulty equipment can be accurately located to improve maintenance efficiency.

[0066] In this way, through the hierarchical data processing mechanism of the present invention, the real-time performance of environmental control can be guaranteed, and the robustness and safety of the smart agricultural energy-saving control system of the present invention can be significantly improved.

[0067] In one embodiment of the present invention, in the light-humidity-temperature-air synergy algorithm, the calculation formula for the compensation ventilation rate is: In the formula, It is the humidity-ventilation synergistic influencing factor.

[0068] Thus, in this embodiment, in the original temperature compensation ventilation model ( ) is based on the humidity compensation term ( ), in order to form a humidity-temperature dual variable coordinated adjustment mechanism, so as to further improve the adaptability of ventilation compensation to the actual environment. Among them, the humidity-ventilation synergistic influencing factor Used to express the synergistic effect of humidity on ventilation, by adjusting the The numerical value can realize the weight distribution of the influence of humidity and temperature, giving priority to the adjustment needs of key parameters.

[0069] For example, in an exemplary embodiment, if the environment in the greenhouse is high temperature and high humidity (e.g., summer afternoon), by increasing To increase the weight of humidity regulation, this can avoid the risk of mold growth that may be caused by single temperature control compensating ventilation rate. It is understandable that in some specific application scenarios, for example, when Greater than or equal to hour, The value can be directly reset to zero to avoid the risk of frost and condensation caused by ventilation in a high humidity environment.

[0070] In addition, in this embodiment, the (greenhouse internal area) parameter, by multiplying the greenhouse internal area , the data of local sensors are directly expanded into global ventilation volume calculation to achieve spatial distribution compensation. For example, in a multi-span greenhouse, the smart agricultural energy-saving control system of the present invention can calculate the compensation ventilation volume in different zones to avoid the ventilation adjustment lag in the edge areas that may be caused by the traditional central ventilation control method.

[0071] In one embodiment of the present invention, in the light-humidity-temperature-gas collaborative algorithm, if the current carbon dioxide concentration data Minimum allowable value of carbon dioxide satisfy: Then, the calculation formula for the carbon dioxide compensation rate is: To make the current carbon dioxide concentration data Close to the minimum allowable value of carbon dioxide The CO2 compensation rate is automatically increased when

[0072] Thus, in this embodiment, first, the compensation rate of carbon dioxide can be quickly enhanced in a critical state. Specifically, when the current carbon dioxide concentration data in the greenhouse Close to the minimum allowable value of carbon dioxide When The project achieves an exponentially fast amplification of the CO2 compensation rate, for example, when When the concentration is too low, the coefficient will reach 101 times, making the carbon dioxide compensation rate show a rapid nonlinear growth, which can effectively avoid the inhibition of photosynthesis caused by too low concentration.

[0073] Second, through mathematical construction, the system is kept at the minimum allowable value of carbon dioxide. An "elastic buffer zone" is formed nearby. When the carbon dioxide concentration approaches the critical value, the carbon dioxide compensation rate automatically increases to form a negative feedback mechanism, which can not only prevent the carbon dioxide concentration from breaking through the lower limit, but also avoid the waste of resources caused by premature over-compensation.

[0074] Third, multi-factor coordinated control. Specifically, this implementation maintains the coupling relationship between light intensity and temperature in the original algorithm, and can Achieve: Increase carbon dioxide demand synchronously when supplemental light intensity increases, appropriately reduce carbon dioxide compensation when temperature rises (because high temperature promotes respiration), and prioritize carbon dioxide supply when carbon dioxide concentration is at a critical state.

[0075] For example, in an exemplary embodiment, , .when When ;like , . Then the calculation item is: 0.6×50×101-0.02×25=3030-0.5=3029.5ml / min. Finally, =max(20,3029.5)=3029.5ml / min (emergency compensation).

[0076] When When .

[0077] Under the same conditions, 0.6×50×2-0.5=60-0.5=59.5ml / min. Take max(20,59.5)=59.5ml / min (conventional compensation).

[0078] Thus, the design allows the system to operate at a carbon dioxide concentration close to It automatically switches to enhanced compensation mode when the concentration is low, while maintaining economical operation within the safe concentration range, thus achieving adaptive adjustment of environmental parameters.

[0079] In one embodiment of the present invention, in the light-humidity-temperature-air collaborative algorithm, if the current temperature data satisfy: Then, the formula for calculating the moisturizing rate is: In the formula, The temperature judgment threshold is set.

[0080] Thus, in this embodiment, first, when the temperature exceeds the set threshold ( ), the humidification rate formula changes from the original exponential decay mode to a linear growth mode. By introducing the (1+0.05T) factor, the humidification rate in a high temperature environment increases linearly with the increase in temperature. For example, in an exemplary embodiment, when the temperature is 40°C, the factor changes from the original formula ( ) is increased to 0.018 in the current form ( ) in 3, the moisturizing rate is rapidly increased, which can effectively match the doubling of evaporation rate caused by high temperature.

[0081] Second, compared with the original formula ( ) in the exponential decay characteristic, the current form ( ) in high temperature area The experimental data show that when When set to 28°C, under high temperature conditions of 35°C, the humidification amount can be increased to about 61 times that of the original solution, reducing the greenhouse humidity fluctuation range from ±15% to within ±5%.

[0082] Third, present tense ( ) Retention and light intensity , humidity difference ( ) and plant transpiration coefficient The product relationship of light, humidity and temperature can be realized by coordinated control of the three parameters. , humidity difference 20% When the temperature rises by 1°C, the moisturizing rate increases by about 1.2L / h, which can form a precise compensation gradient.

[0083] In one embodiment of the present invention, the current temperature data The calculation formula is: In the formula, It is the real-time temperature collected by the environmental data collection unit. It is the average temperature collected by the environmental data collection unit within a preset time period before the current moment.

[0084] In this embodiment, a sliding average filter is introduced into the temperature measurement data, that is, , so that, first, by introducing the weighted calculation of 85% real-time temperature and 15% historical average temperature, the impact of short-term temperature fluctuations (such as sensor noise, local heat source interference) on the system can be effectively eliminated. For example, when there is a sudden short-term failure of the air conditioner or the temperature changes suddenly due to the entry and exit of personnel, the system will not immediately trigger a drastic compensation action, avoiding energy waste and frequent start and stop of equipment. Second, the 15% historical weight gives the system the ability to perceive temperature trends. When a continuous warming trend is detected (such as sunshine warming after continuous cloudy days), even if the current temperature has not exceeded the standard, the system will predict the temperature trend in advance and gradually adjust the ventilation rate to avoid the temperature overshoot caused by traditional switch-type control. Third, compared with the method of controlling only by real-time temperature data, the algorithm of the present invention can significantly reduce the frequency of equipment action. For example, in an exemplary embodiment, the start and stop cycle of the ventilation fan can be extended from an average of 10 minutes / time to 13 minutes / time, significantly reducing mechanical wear.

[0085] It is understandable that the preset time period can be selected according to actual conditions, and the present invention does not make any specific limitation to this.

[0086] In one embodiment of the present invention, the compensation unit of the present invention includes a fill light device, a ventilation device, a carbon dioxide generating device and a humidity compensation device. The fill light device is used to adjust the fill light intensity in the greenhouse according to the compensation signal. The ventilation device is used to adjust the ventilation rate in the greenhouse according to the compensation signal. The carbon dioxide generating device is used to adjust the carbon dioxide compensation rate in the greenhouse according to the compensation signal. The humidity compensation device is used to adjust the humidity compensation rate in the greenhouse according to the compensation signal.

[0087] In this way, first, through the linkage of four types of devices, namely, supplementary lighting, ventilation, carbon dioxide compensation, and humidity compensation, closed-loop control of light-temperature-humidity-air parameters is achieved. For example, when the supplementary lighting intensity increases, the ventilation device simultaneously increases the exhaust rate ( ) can suppress the temperature rise caused by the heat generated by the lamp. For another example, the compensation rate of carbon dioxide can be dynamically adjusted according to the fill light intensity (formula ), which can effectively avoid the carbon dioxide deficiency caused by enhanced photosynthesis.

[0088] Second, the fill light device can be dynamically adjusted based on the light compensation point ( The grading setting of the ventilation device can effectively avoid excessive light supplementation. At the same time, the ventilation device uses the temperature-humidity synergy formula ( ), achieve ventilation while adjusting temperature and humidity to reduce energy consumption.

[0089] Third, the humidity compensation device introduces a temperature correction factor ( ), it can automatically increase the humidification rate at high temperatures to compensate for evaporation losses. At the same time, carbon dioxide compensation at the critical threshold ( ) to avoid a sudden drop in carbon dioxide concentration.

[0090] Fourth, use the temperature smoothing algorithm ( ) can effectively reduce the frequency of equipment operation and avoid frequent start and stop.

[0091] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A smart agricultural energy-saving management system, characterized in that: include: An environmental data acquisition unit, used to obtain environmental data in the planting greenhouse in real time, the environmental data including light intensity data, temperature data, humidity data and carbon dioxide concentration data; An intelligent control unit is electrically connected to the environmental data acquisition unit and performs collaborative calculations based on the acquired environmental data through a light-temperature-humidity-gas collaborative algorithm to determine a compensation signal; Among them, collaborative calculations through the light-temperature-humidity-gas collaborative algorithm include: The compensation signal is determined according to the following simultaneous equations: In the formula, is the actual fill light intensity, is the current carbon dioxide concentration data, is the minimum permissible value of carbon dioxide, is the carbon dioxide consumption coefficient, is the temperature safety threshold, is the current temperature data, is the heat generation coefficient of the lamp, is the current humidity data, is the lower humidity threshold, is the humidity attenuation coefficient, is the maximum light intensity of the lamp, To grow plants, To compensate for the ventilation rate, is the ventilation temperature threshold, is the internal area of ​​the greenhouse, is the carbon dioxide compensation rate, is the lower threshold of carbon dioxide compensation, is the moisturizing rate, is the humidity control threshold, is the transpiration coefficient of the plant species; The compensation unit is connected to the intelligent control unit to obtain a compensation signal and perform corresponding compensation actions according to the compensation signal.

2. The smart agricultural energy-saving management system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the plant is leafy, Set to 1.3 to 1.7 times the light compensation point of the plant species; When the plants are fruit and vegetables, Set it to 1.1 to 1.4 times the light compensation point for this type of plant.

3. The smart agricultural energy-saving management system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The environmental data acquisition unit includes a plurality of photon sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors and carbon dioxide concentration sensors; wherein, A plurality of the photon sensors are arranged at intervals of 15 cm to 30 cm above the canopy of the plant; A plurality of the temperature sensors and the humidity sensors are used to be arranged at intervals in the planting greenhouse at 0.6 meters to 1.2 meters above the ground; A plurality of the carbon dioxide concentration sensors are used to be set at intervals in ventilation dead corners in the planting greenhouse, and the setting height of the carbon dioxide concentration sensors is 0.5A to 0.7A, wherein A is the average height of the internal space of the greenhouse.

4. The smart agricultural energy-saving management system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Three adjacent sensors of the same type among a plurality of sensors corresponding to the environmental data acquisition unit are set as a group; If the difference between the environmental data collected by all the same type of sensors in each group is less than or equal to the set threshold, the environmental data collected by all the same type of sensors in the group are arithmetic averaged, and the data after the arithmetic average is used as the environmental data collected by the group of sensors; If the difference between the environmental data collected by two sensors in each group of the same type of sensors is less than or equal to the set threshold, and the difference between the environmental data collected by the remaining sensor and the environmental data collected by the aforementioned two sensors is greater than the set threshold, the environmental data collected by the aforementioned two sensors are arithmetic averaged, and the data after the arithmetic average is used as the environmental data collected by this group of sensors.

5. The smart agricultural energy-saving management system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: If the differences between the environmental data collected by the three sensors in each group of the same type of sensors are greater than the set threshold, an alarm signal is output.

6. The smart agricultural energy-saving management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the light-humidity-temperature-air synergistic algorithm, the calculation formula for the compensation ventilation rate is: In the formula, It is the humidity-ventilation synergistic influencing factor.

7. The smart agricultural energy-saving management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the light-humidity-temperature-air collaborative algorithm, if the current carbon dioxide concentration data Minimum allowable value of carbon dioxide satisfy: Then, the calculation formula for the carbon dioxide compensation rate is: To make the current carbon dioxide concentration data Close to the minimum allowable value of carbon dioxide The CO2 compensation rate is automatically increased when 8. The smart agricultural energy-saving management system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the light-humidity-temperature-air collaborative algorithm, if the current temperature data satisfy: Then, the formula for calculating the moisturizing rate is: In the formula, The temperature judgment threshold is set.

9. The smart agricultural energy-saving management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Current temperature data The calculation formula is: In the formula, It is the real-time temperature collected by the environmental data collection unit. It is the average temperature collected by the environmental data collection unit within a preset time period before the current moment.

10. The smart agricultural energy-saving management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compensation unit comprises: A fill light device, used for adjusting the fill light intensity in the greenhouse according to the compensation signal; a ventilation device for adjusting a ventilation rate in the greenhouse according to the compensation signal; a carbon dioxide generating device for adjusting a carbon dioxide compensation rate in the greenhouse according to the compensation signal; The humidity compensation device is used to adjust the humidity compensation rate in the greenhouse according to the compensation signal.

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