Lucid ganoderma cultivation environment multi-mode self-adaptive regulation and control method based on Internet of Things

Abstract

The invention discloses a ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment multi-mode self-adaptive regulation and control method based on the Internet of Things, and relates to the technical field of ganoderma lucidum cultivation, and the method comprises the following specific steps: multi-source data collection: reasonably arranging an environment sensor and a biosensor in a ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment, and collecting environment data and biodata in real time, according to the method, various data in the lucid ganoderma cultivation environment are comprehensively collected, the environment factor coupling effect model is constructed in combination with a machine learning algorithm, comprehensive analysis and accurate regulation and control of the lucid ganoderma growth environment can be achieved, and the interaction relation between environment factors and the physiological state of lucid ganoderma are fully considered; the control decision is more scientific and reasonable, the growth speed and quality of the ganoderma lucidum are remarkably improved, the yield of the ganoderma lucidum is further improved, meanwhile, a biological feedback mechanism is introduced, the cultivation environment can adapt to the optimal growth requirement of the ganoderma lucidum in real time, and the cultivation accuracy and the intelligent level are further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of Ganoderma lucidum cultivation, and specifically to a multi-modal adaptive regulation method for Ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment based on the Internet of Things. Background Art

[0002] As a large fungus with extremely high medicinal value, Ganoderma lucidum has a long application history in the field of traditional Chinese medicine. Its unique pharmacological effects and extensive market demand have promoted the continuous development and improvement of Ganoderma lucidum cultivation technology. With the progress of modern agricultural technology, the regulation of Ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment has become a key factor in improving yield and quality. Especially in the context of the rapid development of the Internet of Things technology, the real-time monitoring and precise regulation of environmental factors have become possible, providing strong technical support for the modern cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum.

[0003] The traditional Ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment regulation methods have significant limitations. They often only focus on a single environmental factor, such as temperature or humidity, while ignoring the complex interaction relationships between environmental factors. This single-factor regulation strategy cannot comprehensively optimize the growth environment of Ganoderma lucidum, resulting in limited growth rate and uneven quality of Ganoderma lucidum. In addition, the traditional methods lack real-time monitoring and feedback mechanisms for the physiological state of Ganoderma lucidum itself, and cannot dynamically adjust the cultivation environment according to the actual growth needs of Ganoderma lucidum. Although the development of the Internet of Things technology has made it possible to monitor and regulate environmental factors in real time, the existing technologies have not achieved multi-modal adaptive regulation based on the Internet of Things, and have not fully considered the coupling effect of environmental factors and the physiological feedback of Ganoderma lucidum, thus limiting the potential of modern and precise cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum.

[0004] In view of the above problems, it is necessary to optimize the existing multi-modal adaptive regulation method for Ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment. By deeply studying the interaction relationships between environmental factors, establishing an environmental coupling effect model, and combining a biological feedback mechanism, comprehensive analysis and precise regulation of the Ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment can be achieved. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a multi-modal adaptive regulation method for Ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment based on the Internet of Things that can comprehensively achieve the above characteristics. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a multi-modal adaptive control method for the Ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment based on the Internet of Things. By deeply studying the interaction relationships between environmental factors, it can establish an accurate coupling effect model of environmental factors, and combined with a biological feedback mechanism, it can realize the comprehensive analysis and precise control of the Ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment. Using the Internet of Things technology, the present invention can collect, transmit and process environmental data and biological data in real time, automatically generate control decisions, and quickly execute control operations to form a closed-loop adaptive control system. This control method not only improves the growth rate and quality of Ganoderma lucidum, but also significantly reduces the labor cost and labor intensity, providing strong technical support for the modern and precise cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum. At the same time, the present invention enables users to remotely monitor and manage the Ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment anytime and anywhere, further improving the production efficiency and management level.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A multi-modal adaptive control method for the Ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment based on the Internet of Things, which includes the following specific steps:

[0007] Multi-source data collection: Reasonably arrange environmental sensors and biological sensors in the Ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment, collect environmental data and biological data in real time, and transmit them to the data processing center through the Internet of Things;

[0008] Establishment of environmental coupling effect model: Design and conduct experiments with different combinations of environmental factors, monitor the data related to Ganoderma lucidum growth, environmental factor data and biological data, and through data processing and analysis, construct and optimize a coupling effect model that can describe the influence of each environmental factor on Ganoderma lucidum growth;

[0009] Comprehensive analysis: The data processing center compares the environmental sensor data with the environmental factor coupling effect model, calculates the influence degree of the current environmental factor combination on Ganoderma lucidum growth and compares it with the optimal combination to find the deviation, and analyzes the biological sensor data to judge whether the physiological state of Ganoderma lucidum is normal, and marks abnormal situations;

[0010] Generation and execution of control decisions: According to the comprehensive analysis results, considering the environmental factor deviation and the abnormal physiological state of Ganoderma lucidum, combined with the environmental factor coupling effect model, generate a control strategy, and send instructions to the temperature control, humidification and lighting adjustment execution devices to implement the control;

[0011] Real-time monitoring and feedback adjustment: During the execution of the control, the environmental and biological sensors continuously collect the environmental changes and the physiological state data of Ganoderma lucidum in real time and feedback them to the data processing center, and evaluate the control effect according to the new data. If the expected effect is not achieved, re-analyze and adjust the control decision and execute it to form a closed-loop adaptive control.

[0012] Further, in the multi-source data collection step, in the Ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment, according to the principle of uniform spatial distribution, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, light sensors, carbon dioxide concentration sensors, and biological sensors are arranged to collect environmental data such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, and carbon dioxide concentration, as well as cell activity and photosynthesis efficiency data in real time, and transmit them to the data processing center through the Internet of Things.

[0013] Furthermore, in the step of establishing the environmental coupling effect model, a coupling effect model that can describe the influence of each environmental factor on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum is constructed and optimized, and its model formula is: Among them, G 灵芝 represents the quantitative index of the growth status of Ganoderma lucidum, and the larger the value, the better the growth of Ganoderma lucidum. E j respectively represent the values of temperature E1, humidity E2, light intensity E3, and carbon dioxide concentration E4. a j is the weight coefficient corresponding to the influence of the environmental factor E j on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum, reflecting the relative importance of each environmental factor on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum. b mn represents the coupling coefficient between the environmental factors E m and E n reflecting the degree of influence of the interaction between the two environmental factors on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum. B is the value of the biological state factor, and c is the weight coefficient of the influence of the biological state factor B on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum.

[0014] Furthermore, in the comprehensive analysis step, the data processing center compares the environmental sensor data with the environmental factor coupling effect model. Specifically, after receiving the real-time environmental data from the environmental sensors, the data processing center compares the data with the pre-established environmental factor coupling effect model. Through the calculation and analysis of the model, the quantitative index of the influence degree of the current environmental factor combination on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum is obtained, and this quantitative index is compared with the ideal influence degree index corresponding to the optimal environmental factor combination for the growth of Ganoderma lucidum set in advance, so as to analyze the deviation situation of the current environmental factors, determine the environmental factors that need to be adjusted and their adjustment directions and amplitudes. For the Ganoderma lucidum physiological state data transmitted by the biological sensors, the data processing center evaluates the cell activity and photosynthesis efficiency indexes of Ganoderma lucidum, compares the current physiological indexes with the standard physiological indexes in the normal growth state of Ganoderma lucidum, and judges whether the physiological state of Ganoderma lucidum is within the normal range. If it is found that the physiological state of Ganoderma lucidum is abnormal, it is marked as an abnormal situation that needs to be focused on and processed.

[0015] Furthermore, in the comprehensive analysis step, the deviation situation of the current environmental factors is analyzed, and its deviation calculation formula is: Among them, D 差异Indicates the degree of difference between the current environment and the ideal environment. The larger the value, the greater the difference, y k Is the value of the k-th environmental or biological factor collected currently. k = 1 to 4 correspond to environmental factors, and k = 5 corresponds to the biological state factor, z k Is the value of the k-th environmental or biological factor under the ideal environment for Ganoderma lucidum growth, r k Is the importance adjustment coefficient of the k-th environmental or biological factor, which is used to reflect the difference in the importance of the influence of different factors on Ganoderma lucidum growth.

[0016] Furthermore, in the step of generating and executing the regulation decision, according to the comprehensive analysis result, a regulation strategy is generated. Specifically, when there is a deviation in the environmental factor, the environmental factor that needs to be adjusted is determined. According to the environmental factor coupling effect model, the influence of adjusting this factor on other factors is analyzed, so as to calculate the adjustment amount of each factor and formulate a regulation strategy. For the case where the temperature is low and the humidity and carbon dioxide concentration are within the appropriate range, the temperature is increased, and according to the model prediction, the increase in temperature will cause the humidity to decrease, and at the same time, a regulation measure to increase the humidity is formulated. For the detected abnormal physiological state of Ganoderma lucidum, combined with the environmental factor coupling effect model, the environmental factor cause of the abnormality is analyzed. If the photosynthesis efficiency decreases, it is analyzed whether the light intensity is insufficient or the carbon dioxide concentration is inappropriate, so as to determine the regulation direction of adjusting the light intensity or carbon dioxide concentration.

[0017] Furthermore, in the step of generating and executing the regulation decision, according to the environmental factor coupling effect model, the influence of adjusting this factor on other factors is analyzed, so as to calculate the adjustment amount of each factor. The calculation formula is: Among them, ΔE j Represents the amount that the j-th environmental factor needs to be adjusted. j = 1 to 4 correspond to temperature, humidity, light, and carbon dioxide concentration, D 差异 Is the degree of difference between the current environment and the ideal environment, y j Is the value of the j-th environmental factor collected currently, z j Is the value of the j-th environmental factor in the physiological environment of Ganoderma lucidum, η j Is the regulation limit coefficient of the j-th environmental factor, which is determined by the equipment performance and cultivation conditions and is used to represent the adjustable range and difficulty level of this factor in actual regulation.

[0018] Furthermore, in the step of real-time monitoring and feedback adjustment, the regulation effect is evaluated according to the new data. The evaluation formula is: Among them, E 效果 Represents the evaluation value of the regulation measure. The larger the value, the better the regulation effect. Is the quantitative index of Ganoderma lucidum growth status calculated at the t-th monitoring. is the quantification index of Ganoderma lucidum growth status calculated during the (t - 1)-th monitoring, is the effect evaluation coefficient, which is used to adjust the sensitivity and focus of the evaluation, is the adjustment amount of the j-th environmental factor calculated during the t-th monitoring, is the adjustment amount of the j-th environmental factor calculated during the (t - 1)-th monitoring.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the multi-modal adaptive regulation method for Ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment based on the Internet of Things has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] First, by comprehensively collecting various data in the Ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment and combining the environmental factor coupling effect model constructed by machine learning algorithms, the present invention can achieve comprehensive analysis and precise regulation of the Ganoderma lucidum growth environment, fully considering the interaction relationship between environmental factors and the physiological state of Ganoderma lucidum, making the regulation decision more scientific and reasonable, thus significantly improving the growth rate and quality of Ganoderma lucidum, and further increasing the yield of Ganoderma lucidum. At the same time, by introducing a biofeedback mechanism, the cultivation environment can adapt to the best growth needs of Ganoderma lucidum in real time, further enhancing the precision and intelligent level of cultivation.

[0021] Second, by making full use of the Internet of Things technology, the present invention realizes the real-time collection, efficient transmission and precise processing of environmental data and biological data, as well as the automatic generation and accurate execution of regulation decisions. This closed-loop adaptive regulation system greatly improves the automation degree of Ganoderma lucidum cultivation, reduces the need for manual intervention, and provides a solid technical guarantee for the large-scale and high-efficiency production of Ganoderma lucidum.

[0022] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described to some extent in the subsequent specification, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the study of the following text, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0024] Figure 1 is the flow operation diagram of the multi-modal adaptive regulation method for Ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment based on the Internet of Things;

[0025] Figure 2 is the flow chart of the multi-modal adaptive regulation method for Ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment based on the Internet of Things. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] To further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the following will, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, elaborate in detail on the specific implementation manners, structures, features and their effects of the present invention as follows.

[0027] Embodiment 1

[0028] A large-scale Ganoderma lucidum cultivation base has multiple cultivation greenhouses with relatively large areas, which provide a relatively stable spatial environment for the growth of Ganoderma lucidum.

[0029] Inside the greenhouse, in strict accordance with the scientific layout principle, temperature sensors are installed at regular intervals to be able to comprehensively and accurately capture the temperature changes at different positions in the greenhouse. Humidity sensors are also installed at appropriate intervals to ensure accurate monitoring of the humidity in the greenhouse. Light sensors are carefully arranged on the top and around the greenhouse to fully cover the entire cultivation area, so as to accurately measure the light intensity at different positions and different time periods. Carbon dioxide concentration sensors are also set at reasonable intervals to obtain real-time dynamic data of the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse. At the same time, an appropriate number of biosensors are arranged per square meter. These biosensors can be in close contact with Ganoderma lucidum to monitor important physiological state data such as the cell activity and photosynthesis efficiency of Ganoderma lucidum in real time.

[0030] In order to establish an accurate and effective coupling effect model of environmental factors, the cultivation base has carried out multiple groups of carefully designed experiments. In the experiments, various combinations of different temperature ranges, humidity intervals, light intensity levels and carbon dioxide concentration gradients are set to simulate diverse growth environments. Under each experimental combination, a certain number of Ganoderma lucidum samples are planted and these samples are monitored for a long time and in detail. During the monitoring process, the hyphal growth rate of Ganoderma lucidum is recorded in detail, including the daily growth length changes and growth trends, the morphology of the fruiting bodies is observed comprehensively, and their size, shape, color and other characteristics, as well as the changes of these characteristics at different growth stages are recorded. At the same time, the yield data of Ganoderma lucidum are accurately counted to analyze the influence of different environmental factor combinations on the yield. In addition, the environmental factor data and biological data corresponding to each experimental combination are recorded synchronously, including temperature, humidity, light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, and the cell activity, photosynthesis efficiency, etc. of Ganoderma lucidum. Through single-factor experiments, the influence of each environmental factor at different levels on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum is studied separately to preliminarily determine the weight coefficients of environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, light, carbon dioxide concentration and biological state factors on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum. Then, through multi-factor interaction experiments, the interaction between different environmental factors on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum is deeply explored to determine their coupling coefficients. Using the formula Build and continuously optimize the coupling effect model of environmental factors, where G 灵芝 represents a quantitative index of the growth status of Ganoderma lucidum, and the larger the value, the better the growth of Ganoderma lucidum. E j respectively represent the values of the four environmental factors: temperature E1, humidity E2, light intensity E3, and carbon dioxide concentration E4, which are collected in real time by environmental sensors. a j is the weight coefficient corresponding to the influence of environmental factor E j on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum. b mn represents the coupling coefficient between environmental factors E m and E n and reflects the degree of influence of the interaction between the two environmental factors on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum. B is the value of the biological state factor, such as the quantitative value of cell activity, which is collected by a biological sensor and obtained after processing. c is the weight coefficient of the biological state factor B on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum. Through the analysis and processing of a large amount of experimental data using the data fitting method, the model can accurately describe the complex relationship between environmental factors, biological states, and the growth of Ganoderma lucidum.

[0031] After the data processing center receives a large amount of data from the environmental and biological sensors in the greenhouse, it immediately conducts in-depth analysis on these data, carefully compares the environmental data with the established coupling effect model of environmental factors, and combines the importance adjustment coefficients of each factor set according to long-term planting experience and professional knowledge, and uses the formula to comprehensively calculate the difference degree between the current environment and the ideal environment, where D 差异 represents the difference degree between the current environment and the ideal environment, and the larger the value, the greater the difference. y k is the value of the kth environmental or biological factor collected currently (k = 1 to 4 correspond to environmental factors, k = 5 corresponds to the biological state factor), which is collected in real time by the sensor. z k is the value of the kth environmental or biological factor in the ideal environment for the growth of Ganoderma lucidum, which is determined through long-term research and experiments on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum. r k is the importance adjustment coefficient of the kth environmental or biological factor, which is set according to experiments and experience, combined with the key degree of each factor on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum. Through analysis, it is found that there are certain deviations between the current temperature and carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse and the ideal environment, and adjustments are needed. At the same time, strict analysis and processing are carried out on the biological data. First, preprocessing of the data is performed, including operations such as data cleaning and outlier removal to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data. Then, using professional physiological index evaluation methods, the current physiological indexes of Ganoderma lucidum, such as cell activity and photosynthesis efficiency, are compared in detail with the standard physiological indexes in the normal growth state of Ganoderma lucidum. Through comparison, it is found that the photosynthesis efficiency of Ganoderma lucidum is slightly lower than the normal level, and this abnormal situation is promptly marked as an important basis for subsequent regulation decisions.

[0032] Based on the environmental factor deviation and abnormal Ganoderma lucidum physiological state obtained from comprehensive analysis, the Internet of Things system conducts comprehensive analysis and calculation. Combining the performance characteristics of environmental control equipment and the regulation limit coefficient set according to the actual cultivation conditions, the formula is used to accurately calculate that the temperature needs to be increased by a certain range and the carbon dioxide concentration needs to be decreased by a certain value, where ΔE j represents the amount that the j-th environmental factor (j = 1 to 4 corresponding to temperature, humidity, light, carbon dioxide concentration) needs to be adjusted, D 差异 is the difference degree between the current environment and the ideal environment, y j is the value of the j-th environmental factor collected currently, z j is the value of the j-th environmental factor in the ideal environment for Ganoderma lucidum growth, η j is the regulation limit coefficient of the j-th environmental factor, which is preset by the user or the system according to factors such as the performance of environmental control equipment and actual cultivation conditions. The system quickly sends these regulation instructions to relevant execution devices such as temperature control equipment and carbon dioxide generators. After receiving the instructions, the temperature control equipment immediately starts the temperature increase program and makes the temperature in the greenhouse gradually approach the target temperature through heating or refrigeration, etc. The carbon dioxide generator reduces the carbon dioxide emission according to the instructions and lowers the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse. During the operation of the execution device, the running state of the device and the actual changes of the regulation parameters are fed back to the Internet of Things system in real time to ensure the smooth progress of the regulation process and the monitorability of the regulation effect.

[0033] During the regulation execution process, the environmental and biological sensors in the greenhouse always maintain a real-time monitoring state, continuously collect environmental changes and Ganoderma lucidum physiological state data, and promptly feed back these data to the data processing center. The data processing center recalculates the quantitative indexes of Ganoderma lucidum growth status and the adjustment amount of environmental factors and Combined with the effect evaluation coefficient set according to actual requirements and long-term practical experience using the formula to comprehensively evaluate the regulation effect, where E 效果 represents the effect evaluation value of the regulation measure, and the larger the value, the better the regulation effect. and are respectively the quantitative indexes of Ganoderma lucidum growth status calculated at the t-th and (t - 1)-th monitoring times, is the effect evaluation coefficient, and They are the adjustment amounts of the j-th environmental factor calculated at the t-th and (t - 1)-th monitoring times respectively. After evaluation, it is found that the effect of this regulation does not meet the expectation. Although the growth condition of Ganoderma lucidum has improved, it still does not reach the ideal state. The data processing center then re-analyzes the data and adjusts the weights. For the feedback adjustment of experimental data, continuously collect the environmental factors, biological factors and growth index data at different growth stages, compare the actual growth index with the model prediction value, and find that the predicted value of the growth rate model of Ganoderma lucidum is higher than the actual value. It is analyzed that the weight of the environmental factor is unreasonable. For example, the weight a1 of the temperature factor may be too high. Appropriately reduce the value of a1 and adjust other relevant weight parameters accordingly, such as b 12 , b 13 etc. Perform model calculation and prediction again, observe the deviation from the actual growth index, and gradually optimize the weights. For the adjustment based on the actual regulation effect, since the regulation effect does not meet the expectation, it is analyzed that the regulation limit coefficient η j or the effect evaluation coefficient is unreasonable. Try to slightly adjust η j , such as increasing the regulation limit coefficient η1 of the temperature factor to make the temperature adjustment range larger, and execute the regulation decision again and observe the regulation effect. At the same time, slightly adjust the effect evaluation coefficient to change the focus of the evaluation of the regulation effect. According to the new E 效果 judge whether the adjustment direction is correct. If the effect becomes worse, make a reverse adjustment. Through gradual trial and error, find a better combination of weight parameters. For the adjustment considering the change of the growth stage of Ganoderma lucidum, as Ganoderma lucidum grows into the fruiting body development stage, the demand for environmental factors changes. Originally, in the mycelium growth stage, the weights of the temperature and humidity factors are relatively high. Now, in the fruiting body development stage, light and carbon dioxide concentration have a greater impact on the morphology and quality of Ganoderma lucidum. Therefore, appropriately increase the weight a3 of the light factor and the weight a4 of the carbon dioxide concentration factor, and reduce the weights a1 and a2 of the temperature and humidity factors. At the same time, adjust the coupling coefficient b mn and the weight parameters in other formulas accordingly to ensure that the regulation strategy matches the growth requirements of Ganoderma lucidum. After the weight adjustment, regenerate the regulation decision and send it to the execution device for execution. Repeat this process continuously. Through continuous monitoring, evaluation and adjustment, form a closed-loop adaptive regulation system to ensure that the cultivation environment of Ganoderma lucidum is always in the state most favorable to the growth of Ganoderma lucidum.

[0034] During the whole regulation process, the managers of the planting base can remotely monitor the environmental data, the physiological state of Ganoderma lucidum and the regulation state in the greenhouse at any time and anywhere through the mobile application. Once it is found that there are abnormal situations during the regulation process or they are not satisfied with the regulation effect, the managers can manually intervene in the regulation decision in time and adjust the regulation parameters according to the actual situation to achieve personalized and precise management of the cultivation environment of Ganoderma lucidum.

[0035] After a period of practical application, the growth condition of Ganoderma lucidum in this planting base has been significantly improved. The growth rate of Ganoderma lucidum has increased significantly, the mycelium is thicker and denser, the fruiting body is more regular and plump, the color is bright, and the quality has been greatly improved. In terms of yield, compared with the situation before the technology of the present invention was adopted, the yield has increased significantly. At the same time, the content of active ingredients in Ganoderma lucidum has also increased significantly, further enhancing the economic value and medicinal value of Ganoderma lucidum, and bringing considerable economic and social benefits to the planting base.

[0036] Example Two

[0037] A certain scientific research institution conducts research on the cultivation of new varieties of Ganoderma lucidum. Multiple small Ganoderma lucidum cultivation areas are set up in the laboratory, and these areas simulate different microenvironmental conditions to explore the growth characteristics and cultivation methods of Ganoderma lucidum in diverse environments.

[0038] In each small cultivation area, the scientific research personnel installed various environmental sensors and biological sensors according to precise layout requirements. The environmental sensors include temperature sensors, humidity sensors, light sensors, and carbon dioxide concentration sensors. The temperature sensors are placed at different heights and positions to capture the subtle changes in temperature within the cultivation area. The humidity sensors are evenly distributed to ensure accurate monitoring of air humidity. The light sensors are reasonably arranged according to the distribution characteristics of the direction and intensity of light to obtain the most accurate light intensity data. The carbon dioxide concentration sensors are also installed in appropriate positions to monitor the dynamic changes in carbon dioxide concentration in real time. At the same time, the biological sensors are arranged near the Ganoderma lucidum plants at a certain density and can be in close contact with the mycelium or fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum, so as to monitor important physiological state data such as the cell activity, photosynthesis efficiency, and respiration rate of Ganoderma lucidum in real time and accurately.

[0039] In order to deeply study the impact of environmental factors on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum and the interaction relationships among various factors, scientific research institutions have designed and carried out a series of complex and diverse experiments. These experiments have set up a variety of different combinations of environmental factors, covering a wide range of temperature ranges, humidity intervals, light intensity levels, and carbon dioxide concentration gradients. Under each experimental combination, a certain number of Ganoderma lucidum samples have been planted and these samples have been tracked and monitored for a long time and in detail. During the monitoring process, scientific research personnel have detailedly recorded various aspects of data on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum. For the mycelium, its growth rate, color change, branching situation, etc. have been recorded. For the fruiting body, its morphological characteristics, including size, shape, texture, color, etc., as well as the growth cycle and development process of the fruiting body have been observed. At the same time, important indicators such as the biomass accumulation and active ingredient content of Ganoderma lucidum have been accurately measured. In addition, the environmental factor data and biological data corresponding to each experimental combination have been synchronously recorded, forming a huge and rich dataset. Through single-factor experiments, scientific research personnel have respectively studied the individual impact of each environmental factor at different levels on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum, and initially determined the weight coefficients of the impact of each environmental factor and biological state factor on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum. Then, through multi-factor interaction experiments, the impact of the synergistic or antagonistic effects among different environmental factors on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum has been deeply explored, and their coupling relationship and coupling coefficient have been determined. On this basis, scientific research personnel have used advanced data processing and analysis methods to deeply mine and analyze a large amount of experimental data, and constructed an environmental factor coupling effect model that can accurately describe the complex relationship between environmental factors, biological states, and the growth of Ganoderma lucidum. Moreover, through continuous verification and optimization, this model can more accurately predict the growth trend and performance of Ganoderma lucidum under different environmental conditions, providing important theoretical support and guidance for the cultivation of new varieties of Ganoderma lucidum.

[0040] After the data processing center receives the environmental and biological data from each cultivation area, it immediately organizes professional personnel to conduct a comprehensive and in-depth analysis. For the environmental data, it carefully compares it with the established environmental factor coupling effect model, and combines the importance adjustment coefficients of each factor set according to previous research experience and professional knowledge to comprehensively evaluate the difference between the current environment and the preset optimal growth environment of Ganoderma lucidum. After detailed analysis, it is found that there are large deviations in the light intensity and humidity in some cultivation areas from the ideal environment, and these deviations may have an adverse impact on the growth and development of Ganoderma lucidum. At the same time, the biological data is analyzed and processed. First, the data is preprocessed, including operations such as data cleaning, denoising, and outlier removal, to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data. Then, using the physiological index evaluation method, the physiological indexes such as the cell activity, photosynthesis efficiency, and respiration rate of the current Ganoderma lucidum are compared with the standard physiological indexes in the normal growth state of Ganoderma lucidum. Through comparison, it is found that the cell activity of some Ganoderma lucidum samples has decreased, and the photosynthesis efficiency is also lower than the expected level. These abnormal situations are promptly marked and regarded as the key concerns for subsequent regulation decisions and further research.

[0041] Based on the environmental factor deviations and the abnormal physiological conditions of Ganoderma lucidum obtained from the comprehensive analysis, the system collaborates with scientific researchers to conduct a comprehensive analysis and discussion, formulates corresponding regulation decisions, and determines specific regulation measures in combination with the performance characteristics of the laboratory environmental regulation equipment and the actual experimental conditions. Then, these regulation instructions are accurately sent to relevant execution devices such as the light regulation equipment, humidifier, and dehumidifier. After receiving the instructions, the execution devices quickly respond and operate according to the preset parameters. During the execution process, the operating status of the devices and the actual changes in the regulation parameters are real-time fed back to the Internet of Things system, and scientific researchers can monitor the regulation process in real-time through the system to ensure the accurate implementation of the regulation measures and the monitorability of the regulation effect.

[0042] During the implementation of regulation, the environmental and biological sensors in each cultivation area always maintain a high level of real-time monitoring, continuously collecting data on environmental changes and the physiological state of Ganoderma lucidum, and promptly and accurately feeding back this data to the data processing center. The data processing center re-evaluates the current regulation effect based on the newly collected data, and combines with the effect evaluation criteria set according to the experimental purpose and actual needs to determine whether the regulation measures have achieved the expected effect. After evaluation, it is found that although some regulation measures have had a certain positive impact on the growth status of Ganoderma lucidum, they still have not fully reached the expected goal. For example, the cell activity of Ganoderma lucidum has increased, but it has not yet returned to the normal level. The data processing center immediately organizes scientific research personnel to re-analyze the data. Considering the complexity of Ganoderma lucidum growth and the interaction between environmental factors, the relevant weight parameters in the environmental factor coupling effect model are adjusted. According to the current growth stage and physiological state of Ganoderma lucidum, the weights of certain key environmental factors are appropriately increased, and at the same time, the coupling coefficient between environmental factors is adjusted to optimize the regulation decision. After generating a new regulation decision again, it is sent to the execution device for execution. This process repeats continuously. Through continuous monitoring, evaluation, and adjustment, a closed-loop adaptive regulation system is formed. Throughout this process, scientific research personnel can also, according to the progress of the experiment and the needs of the research, monitor the experimental data and the regulation process in real time through the computer terminal, and manually intervene in the regulation decision at any time to finely adjust the regulation parameters to explore the impact of different environmental conditions on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum, providing a more scientific and accurate experimental basis for the cultivation of new Ganoderma lucidum varieties.

[0043] Through the application of the present invention, scientific research institutions can more precisely control the cultivation environment of Ganoderma lucidum, providing more scientific and accurate experimental conditions for the cultivation of new Ganoderma lucidum varieties, accelerating the research process. After a period of experiment and optimization, Ganoderma lucidum varieties with excellent characteristics have been successfully cultivated, which have a faster growth rate, better quality, and higher content of active ingredients, laying a solid foundation for the further development and application of Ganoderma lucidum.

[0044] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, may make some modifications or variations equivalent to the equivalent embodiments by using the disclosed technical content above. However, as long as it does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, any brief modifications, equivalent variations, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-modal adaptive control method for the cultivation environment of Ganoderma lucidum based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that: The method comprises the following specific steps: Multi-source data collection: Environmental sensors and biosensors are rationally arranged in the Ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment to collect environmental data and biodata in real time, and transmit them to the data processing center through the Internet of Things; Establishment of environmental coupling effect model: Design and conduct experiments with different combinations of environmental factors, monitor the growth-related data of Ganoderma lucidum, environmental factor data and biological data, and after data processing and analysis, construct and optimize the coupling effect model that can describe the influence of various environmental factors on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum; Comprehensive analysis: The data processing center compares the environmental sensor data with the environmental factor coupling effect model, calculates the impact of the current environmental factor combination on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum, compares it with the optimal combination to find deviations, and analyzes the biosensor data to determine whether the physiological state of Ganoderma lucidum is normal, marking abnormalities; Control decision generation and execution: Based on the comprehensive analysis results, considering the environmental factor deviation and abnormal physiological state of Ganoderma lucidum, combined with the environmental factor coupling effect model, a control strategy is generated, and instructions are sent to the temperature control, humidification and light adjustment execution equipment to implement the control; Real-time monitoring and feedback adjustment: When the regulation is executed, the environmental and biological sensors continuously collect real-time data on environmental changes and the physiological status of Ganoderma lucidum and feed it back to the data processing center. The regulation effect is evaluated based on the new data. If it does not meet the expectations, the regulation decision is re-analyzed and adjusted and executed to form a closed-loop adaptive regulation.

2. The method for multi-modal adaptive control of the Ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the multi-source data collection step, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, light sensors, carbon dioxide concentration sensors and biosensors are arranged in the Ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment according to the principle of uniformity of spatial distribution, and the real-time collected environmental data of temperature, humidity, light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, cell activity and photosynthesis efficiency data are transmitted to the data processing center through the Internet of Things.

3. The multi-modal adaptive control method for the Ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step of establishing the environmental coupling effect model, a coupling effect model that can describe the influence of various environmental factors on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum is constructed and optimized, and the model formula is: Among them, G 灵芝 A quantitative indicator of the growth status of Ganoderma lucidum. The larger the value, the better the growth of Ganoderma lucidum. j Represent the values ​​of temperature E1, humidity E2, light intensity E3 and carbon dioxide concentration E4 respectively, j is the corresponding environmental factor E j The weight coefficient of the impact on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum reflects the relative importance of each environmental factor to the growth of Ganoderma lucidum. mn Represents environmental factor E m and E n The coupling coefficient between them reflects the influence of the interaction between the two environmental factors on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum. B is the value of the biological state factor, and c is the weight coefficient of the influence of the biological state factor B on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum.

4. The multi-modal adaptive control method for the Ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the comprehensive analysis step, the data processing center compares the environmental sensor data with the environmental factor coupling effect model. Specifically, after receiving the real-time environmental data from the environmental sensor, the data processing center compares the data with the pre-established environmental factor coupling effect model. Through the calculation and analysis of the model, a quantitative index of the influence degree of the current environmental factor combination on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum is obtained, and the quantitative index is compared with the ideal influence degree index corresponding to the pre-set optimal environmental factor combination for the growth of Ganoderma lucidum, so as to analyze the deviation of the current environmental factors, determine the environmental factors that need to be adjusted and the adjustment direction and amplitude, and for the physiological state data of Ganoderma lucidum transmitted by the biosensor, the data processing center evaluates the cell activity and photosynthesis efficiency index of Ganoderma lucidum, compares the current physiological index with the standard physiological index under the normal growth state of Ganoderma lucidum, and judges whether the physiological state of Ganoderma lucidum is within the normal range. If the physiological state of Ganoderma lucidum is found to be abnormal, it will be marked as an abnormal situation that needs to be focused on and handled.

5. The multi-modal adaptive control method for the Ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the comprehensive analysis step, the deviation of the current environmental factors is analyzed, and the deviation calculation formula is: Among them, D 差异 Indicates the difference between the current environment and the ideal environment. The larger the value, the greater the difference. k is the value of the kth environmental or biological factor currently collected, k = 1 to 4 corresponds to environmental factors, k = 5 corresponds to biological state factors, z k is the value of the kth environmental or biological factor under the ideal growth environment of Ganoderma lucidum, r k is the importance adjustment coefficient of the kth environmental or biological factor, which is used to reflect the difference in importance of different factors on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum.

6. The multi-modal adaptive control method for the Ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the control decision generation and execution step, a control strategy is generated based on the comprehensive analysis results. Specifically, when an environmental factor deviates, the environmental factor that needs to be adjusted is determined, and the influence of adjusting the factor on other factors is analyzed based on the environmental factor coupling effect model, so as to calculate the adjustment amount of each factor and formulate a control strategy. When the temperature is low and the humidity and carbon dioxide concentration are within the appropriate range, the temperature is increased and the humidity decreases according to the model prediction. At the same time, control measures to increase the humidity are formulated. When an abnormal physiological state of Ganoderma lucidum is detected, the environmental factor coupling effect model is combined to analyze the cause of the abnormality. If the photosynthesis efficiency is reduced, it is analyzed that the light intensity is insufficient or the carbon dioxide concentration is inappropriate, so as to determine the control direction of adjusting the light intensity or carbon dioxide concentration.

7. The multi-modal adaptive control method for the Ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment based on the Internet of Things according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In the control decision generation and execution step, according to the environmental factor coupling effect model, the influence of adjusting the factor on other factors is analyzed, so as to calculate the adjustment amount of each factor, and the calculation formula is: Where, ΔE j Indicates the amount of adjustment required for the jth environmental factor, j = 1 to 4 corresponding to temperature, humidity, light, and carbon dioxide concentration, D 差异 is the difference between the current environment and the ideal environment, y j is the value of the jth environmental factor currently collected, z j is the value of the jth environmental factor under the physiological environment of Ganoderma lucidum, η j It is the control limit coefficient of the jth environmental factor, which is determined by the equipment performance and cultivation conditions. It is used to indicate the adjustable range and difficulty of the factor in actual control.

8. The multi-modal adaptive control method for the Ganoderma lucidum cultivation environment based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the real-time monitoring and feedback adjustment step, the control effect is evaluated based on the new data, and the evaluation formula is: Among them, E 效果 It indicates the effect evaluation value of the control measures. The larger the value, the better the control effect. is the quantitative index of the growth status of Ganoderma lucidum calculated at the tth monitoring. It is the quantitative index of the growth status of Ganoderma lucidum calculated at the t-1th monitoring. is the effect evaluation coefficient, which is used to adjust the sensitivity and emphasis of the evaluation. is the adjustment amount of the jth environmental factor calculated at the tth monitoring, It is the adjustment amount of the jth environmental factor calculated at the t-1th monitoring time.

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