A simulation method, system, and medium for crowd evacuation under different visibility conditions.

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of pedestrian evacuation simulation technology, specifically disclosing a method, system, and medium for simulating crowd evacuation under different visibility conditions. The method includes the following steps: constructing a pedestrian evacuation model based on the principle of nuclear force; establishing dynamic movement rules and evacuation strategies for pedestrians; optimizing the parameters of the pedestrian evacuation model; acquiring spatial geometric data of the building evacuation scene, including the geometric dimensions of the evacuation scene, the location and width of evacuation exits, and pedestrian location distribution data, and extracting the number of pedestrians and their initial location distribution information; and performing evacuation simulation calculations based on the established pedestrian evacuation model, the dynamic movement rules and nuclear evacuation strategies for pedestrians, and the acquired evacuation scene data to obtain the evacuation simulation results. This invention enables dynamic adjustment of pedestrian forces and movement behavior with changes in visibility, thereby improving the accuracy and adaptability of evacuation simulation under different visibility conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pedestrian evacuation simulation technology, specifically to a method, system, and medium for simulating crowd evacuation under different visibility conditions. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, fires are occurring more frequently and their impacts are becoming increasingly severe, drawing sustained public attention to casualties and property losses. Smoke and power outages during fires often lead to a sharp decline in visibility. During emergency evacuations, reduced visibility significantly limits pedestrians' line of sight, making it difficult for them to identify surrounding obstacles and escape routes, thus increasing the complexity of evacuation and significantly raising the risk of injury or death. Various numerical simulation methods have been widely used to study pedestrian evacuation behavior under low visibility conditions, including cellular automata models, lattice gas models, agent-based models, and social force models. In low visibility environments, pedestrians' perception range is limited, thus altering their movement patterns. Social force models, due to their effective ability to describe movement processes and their continuous dynamic characteristics, have been widely used in evacuation simulation studies under such conditions. However, most studies are limited to pedestrian evacuation simulations under specific visibility conditions, while real-world visibility variations are usually more complex and cannot be simply limited to specific scenarios. Therefore, how to efficiently and realistically simulate the evacuation process of crowds under different visibility conditions remains an urgent problem to be solved.

[0003] The interaction between pedestrians and their surroundings varies under different visibility conditions. For example, in high visibility conditions, pedestrians typically maintain distance from others and walls, exhibiting a repulsion effect. In low visibility conditions, however, pedestrians tend to move closer to walls or follow others, exhibiting an attraction effect. The current challenge lies in determining the continuous changes and dynamic balance of attraction and repulsion under different visibility conditions so that the model can accurately simulate pedestrian evacuation processes.

[0004] Existing patent number CN111651886A provides a crowd evacuation method in low-visibility environments. First, it establishes an initial model of social forces using Newton's second law. Then, it defines an exponential force to represent the attraction of a leader to ordinary individuals within their sphere of influence, and selects the desired speed direction based on each individual's familiarity with their surroundings. Finally, it adds panic factors and visual impact factors to study the effects of visibility range, the number and location of leaders, and panic factors on crowd evacuation efficiency. This model can effectively improve evacuation efficiency and reduce crowd congestion and stampedes, making it of practical significance.

[0005] However, visibility changes in reality are complex and dynamic, and cannot be determined solely by a single visibility condition. Therefore, existing evacuation models lack flexibility and adaptability when dealing with varying visibility environments, failing to comprehensively reflect the impact of different visibility levels on pedestrian evacuation behavior. Furthermore, most existing social force models do not consider the dynamic changes in pedestrian forces caused by visibility, resulting in inaccurate simulations in low-visibility environments. In traditional social force models, pedestrian behavior is simulated using mechanical principles, but these models fail to capture the real-time impact of visibility changes on pedestrian force changes, significantly diminishing their performance in complex evacuation scenarios and hindering the provision of reliable decision support. These shortcomings limit the application of existing models in real-world evacuation scenarios, particularly when dealing with uncertainty and complex traffic environments, leading to insufficient predictive accuracy in evacuation efficiency and safety. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a crowd evacuation simulation method, system, and medium applicable to different visibility conditions. It aims to solve the problem of insufficient consideration of visibility changes in existing technologies, particularly the inability to accurately reflect changes in pedestrian behavior under different visibility environments. By introducing visibility as a model parameter and combining it with a social force model, this invention enables dynamic adjustment of pedestrian forces and movement behavior as visibility changes, thereby improving the accuracy and adaptability of evacuation simulation under different visibility conditions. Furthermore, this invention provides theoretical support for optimizing evacuation plans under different visibility environments, helping evacuation decision-makers formulate more scientific and reasonable escape routes and management measures, improving evacuation efficiency and safety, and solving the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a crowd evacuation simulation method applicable to different visibility conditions, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. By introducing the visibility parameter, the change in visibility is taken as a factor affecting the force and movement behavior of pedestrians, and a pedestrian evacuation model based on the principle of nuclear force is constructed.

[0009] S2. Establish dynamic movement rules and evacuation strategies for pedestrians;

[0010] S3. Optimize the parameters of the pedestrian evacuation model by optimizing the structural parameters of the model based on the force relationship between pedestrians, between pedestrians and walls, and the equilibrium distance.

[0011] S4. Obtain the spatial geometric data of the building evacuation scene, including the geometric dimensions of the evacuation scene, the location and width of the evacuation exits, and the location distribution data of pedestrians, and extract the number of pedestrians and their initial location distribution information as input data for the simulation.

[0012] S5. Based on the established pedestrian evacuation model, pedestrian dynamic movement rules and core evacuation strategy, and the acquired evacuation scenario data, perform evacuation simulation calculations to obtain evacuation simulation results.

[0013] Preferably, step S1 includes the following steps:

[0014] S11. Set the relationship between pedestrian visibility distance and environmental visibility parameters, pedestrian visibility distance D vis The linear equation is: D vis =D max *λ;

[0015] Among them, D max λ represents the maximum visible distance for pedestrians, and λ represents the environmental visibility parameter, with a value ranging from 0 to 1. 0 indicates that pedestrians are completely invisible in the environment, and 1 indicates that pedestrians have a good field of vision in the environment.

[0016] S12. Construct a pedestrian evacuation model based on the principle of nuclear force: Model the force change characteristics of pedestrians under different visibility conditions. Under high visibility conditions, pedestrians maintain a safe distance from others and walls, exhibiting a repulsion effect; while under low visibility conditions, pedestrians tend to approach walls or follow others, exhibiting an attraction effect; combine the principle of nuclear force to construct a pedestrian evacuation model based on the principle of nuclear force.

[0017] Preferably, step S12 specifically includes the following steps:

[0018] S121. Construct the force relationship between the pedestrian and the wall: Assume that the wall W is composed of continuous unit walls Δw, and each unit wall exerts a repulsive nuclear force on the pedestrian; according to Coulomb's law, the Coulomb force is directly proportional to the product of the charges of the two protons and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the two protons. Construct the force relationship between the pedestrian and the wall.

[0019] S122. Constructing the force relationship between pedestrians: Similar to the relationship between pedestrians and walls, the interaction between pedestrians is analogous to the relationship between two single charges, with the core force N between pedestrians being... ij It is expressed as follows:

[0020]

[0021] Where λ is the environmental visibility parameter, ranging from 0 to 1, where 0 indicates that pedestrians are completely invisible in the environment, and 1 indicates that pedestrians have good visibility in the environment. n and B n These are the intensity and range of the nuclear force experienced by pedestrians, d ij r represents the distance between pedestrian i and pedestrian j. i Let q represent the radius of pedestrian i.i p represents the charge of pedestrian i. i The coordinates of pedestrian i are q. j p represents the charge of pedestrian j. j This represents the coordinates of pedestrian j's position;

[0022] S123. Combining the principle of nuclear force, construct a pedestrian evacuation model based on the principle of nuclear force. This model satisfies the pedestrian dynamic equation:

[0023]

[0024] Where f i N represents the expectancy of pedestrians. iW N represents the nuclear force between the pedestrian and the wall. ij The nuclear force representing the interaction between pedestrians, m i Indicate the mass of pedestrian i. Indicates the speed of pedestrians Differentiating with respect to time t, let f represent the pedestrian's acceleration; the expected force f i satisfy:

[0025]

[0026] in, Indicates the pedestrian's expected speed. This indicates the direction of movement of pedestrian i at time t. Let t represent the pedestrian's speed at time t, and τ represent the relaxation time required for the pedestrian to reach the desired speed.

[0027] Preferably, step S121 specifically includes the following steps:

[0028] S1211. Construct the force relationship between the unit wall and the pedestrian, and the repulsive core force n exerted by the unit wall Δw on the pedestrian i. iΔw It depends on the distance between them and the charge they carry; specifically, n iΔw It is directly proportional to the product of the charges of pedestrian i and unit wall Δw, and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them:

[0029]

[0030] Where, q i Let q represent the charge of pedestrian i. w q represents the charge of the unit wall Δw. i and q w The initial setting is 1 coulomb per unit charge, p i These are the pedestrian's location coordinates, p Δw These are the position coordinates of the unit wall Δw;

[0031] S1212. Calculate the overall repulsive force exerted by the wall on the pedestrian. Integrate the repulsive force exerted by the unit wall Δw on the pedestrian over the entire wall area to obtain the overall repulsive force n exerted by the wall W on the pedestrian i. iW The details are as follows:

[0032]

[0033] Where the upper and lower limits of integration are x1 and x2, which represent the horizontal coordinates of the left and right endpoints of the wall, respectively, and dx represents the derivative in the horizontal direction of the wall;

[0034] S1213. As the distance between the pedestrian and the wall increases, similar to the interaction between the Coulomb force and the strong nuclear force in the atomic nucleus, the influence of the strong nuclear force gradually becomes dominant, so the force between the pedestrian and the wall becomes an attractive nuclear force, but the attractive force also decreases as the distance increases.

[0035] Meanwhile, as visibility decreases, the influence of the strong nuclear force intensifies, making the force between pedestrians and walls more inclined to attract the nuclear force.

[0036] Introducing the sigmoid function allows the repulsive and attractive nuclear forces to transform into each other based on the distance between the pedestrian and the wall and visibility parameters. Under the combined influence of these two factors, the nuclear force equation exerted by the wall W is as follows:

[0037]

[0038] Where λ is the environmental visibility parameter, ranging from 0 to 1, representing the change from no visibility to clear visibility, A and B respectively. n and B n These are the intensity and range of the nuclear force experienced by pedestrians, d iW r represents the vertical distance between pedestrian i and wall W. i Let n represent the radius of pedestrian i. iW This represents the total repulsive nuclear force exerted by wall W on pedestrian i.

[0039] Preferably, step S2 includes the following steps:

[0040] S21. Based on the changes in pedestrian behavior under different visibility conditions, pedestrians move faster under high visibility conditions and move more slowly under low visibility conditions. Construct dynamic movement rules for pedestrians under different visibility conditions. The dynamic movement rules for pedestrians include: 1) setting the relationship between the expected speed of pedestrians and the visibility parameter based on the different expected speeds of pedestrians under different visibility conditions; 2) setting the maximum movement speed for pedestrians.

[0041] S22. Construct pedestrian evacuation strategies under different visibility conditions.

[0042] Preferably, step S22 specifically includes the following steps:

[0043] S221. When a pedestrian can see an exit, the pedestrian has a clear and unique desired direction toward the exit; if there are multiple exits within the pedestrian's field of vision, the pedestrian will move toward the exit closest to the pedestrian.

[0044] S222. When a pedestrian cannot see the exit but is close to the wall, they will randomly choose one of two directions parallel to the wall and walk along the wall until they find the exit.

[0045] S223. When a pedestrian cannot see the exit and there are no walls around, but there are other pedestrians within their field of vision, the pedestrian will follow the surrounding pedestrians. That is, the psychology of following other pedestrians during pedestrian evacuation is divided into spatial following psychology and directional following psychology. Spatial following means that the pedestrian follows the central position of the surrounding pedestrians, while directional following means that the pedestrian follows the average direction of the current movement of the surrounding pedestrians. And individual movement direction following the average movement direction of surrounding pedestrians. The calculation process is as follows:

[0046]

[0047] Where p i (t),p j (t) represents the positions of pedestrians i and j, respectively. This indicates the direction of movement of pedestrian j, and n indicates the number of other pedestrians within the field of vision of pedestrian i;

[0048] Combining the spatial and directional following psychological mechanisms, the actual direction of movement of pedestrian i at time t is shown below:

[0049]

[0050] Where w is the proportionality coefficient, which is determined by the pedestrian's psychological safety distance D. safe The distance D from the pedestrian to the center of the surrounding pedestrians centre The decision is made: w = exp(D) safe -D centre ), D safe =2r i When w is larger, pedestrians are more likely to follow the center position of the surrounding pedestrians; while when w is smaller, pedestrians are more likely to follow the average movement direction of the surrounding pedestrians.

[0051] S224. When pedestrians cannot see the exit, are not near the wall, and cannot see other pedestrians, they will randomly choose a direction to evacuate and look for the exit.

[0052] Preferably, step S3 includes the following steps:

[0053] S31. Based on the formula for the force on pedestrians in the pedestrian evacuation model, analyze the relationship between the force on pedestrians and the distance between pedestrians under different parameter settings, and obtain the equilibrium distance between pedestrians under low visibility conditions.

[0054] S32. In a simulated scenario, set up a wall and a pedestrian. Considering only the force relationship between the pedestrian and the wall, determine the equilibrium distance between the pedestrian and the wall under different parameters.

[0055] S33. Combining the balance distances between pedestrians and between pedestrians and walls under different parameters under low visibility conditions, matching the actual balance distances between pedestrians and between pedestrians and walls in the actual low visibility environment, modifying the structural parameters of the pedestrian evacuation model, and finally obtaining the optimal parameter set of the model structure.

[0056] Preferably, step S5 includes the following steps:

[0057] S51. Convert the input data and environmental visibility conditions in step S4 into the input parameters required by the model and input them into the pedestrian evacuation model.

[0058] S52. Based on the pedestrian's current location coordinates, determine the pedestrian's status in the room and whether the pedestrian has left the room. If the pedestrian is outside the room, determine that the pedestrian has completed the evacuation.

[0059] S53. Based on environmental visibility, determine the pedestrian's visible distance, determine the pedestrian's expected speed, and obtain the objects within their field of vision based on their current location, and select their expected direction of movement according to the pedestrian evacuation strategy.

[0060] S54. Update pedestrian location data and repeat steps S51, S52 and S53. This process is performed in a loop at a time interval of 0.05 seconds to track the dynamic movement of pedestrians in real time.

[0061] S55. Count the number of remaining pedestrians in the room. When all pedestrians have been evacuated, end the simulation process.

[0062] On the other hand, to achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides the following technical solution: a crowd evacuation simulation system suitable for different visibility conditions, comprising the following modules:

[0063] The first building module introduces the visibility parameter, taking the change in visibility as a factor affecting the force and movement behavior of pedestrians, and constructs a pedestrian evacuation model based on the principle of nuclear force.

[0064] The second construction module establishes dynamic movement rules and evacuation strategies for pedestrians.

[0065] The parameter optimization module optimizes the parameters of the pedestrian evacuation model by optimizing the structural parameters of the model based on the force relationship between pedestrians, between pedestrians and walls, and the equilibrium distance.

[0066] The data acquisition module acquires spatial geometric data of the building evacuation scene, including the geometric dimensions of the evacuation scene, the location and width of the evacuation exits, and the location distribution data of pedestrians, and extracts the number of pedestrians and their initial location distribution information as input data for the simulation.

[0067] The evacuation simulation module performs evacuation simulation calculations based on the established pedestrian evacuation model, pedestrian dynamic movement rules and core evacuation strategies, and the acquired evacuation scene data, and obtains the evacuation simulation results.

[0068] On the other hand, to achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides the following technical solution: a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the crowd evacuation simulation method applicable to different visibility conditions.

[0069] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0070] 1) This invention can simulate pedestrian evacuation under different visibility conditions. Existing evacuation simulation methods often focus on pedestrian evacuation under specific visibility conditions, but visibility changes in real life are often complex and not limited to specific situations. This invention incorporates visibility conditions as model parameters into the evacuation model, thereby realizing pedestrian evacuation simulation under different visibility conditions.

[0071] 2) This invention can improve the accuracy and adaptability of evacuation simulation under different visibility conditions. Existing pedestrian evacuation models mostly rely on simulation methods under fixed visibility conditions, and lack sufficient consideration of visibility changes. Since the force on pedestrians changes with visibility conditions, this invention introduces the concept of nuclear force to reasonably control the range and intensity of the interaction between pedestrians and the external environment, making the interaction between pedestrians and the external environment more realistic, thereby improving the accuracy and adaptability of evacuation simulation in low visibility environments.

[0072] 3) This invention can support the optimization of evacuation plans under different visibility conditions. It can provide accurate predictions of pedestrian evacuation routes and densities under varying visibility conditions. This provides theoretical support for developing effective low-visibility evacuation plans, helping evacuation decision-makers optimize escape routes and evacuation management measures, thereby improving evacuation efficiency and safety.

[0073] 4) This invention can promote the development of pedestrian evacuation simulation technology. Compared with traditional pedestrian evacuation simulation methods, this invention, referencing the definition of nuclear force, introduces visibility factors and combines them with a social force model to provide a novel and highly adaptable framework for evacuation simulation. This framework not only improves the realism and accuracy of evacuation simulation results but also opens up new avenues for future research and technological innovation in pedestrian evacuation under variable visibility environments. Attached Figure Description

[0074] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the steps of the crowd evacuation simulation method applicable to different visibility conditions in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the interaction between the wall and pedestrians in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a crowd evacuation simulation system module applicable to different visibility conditions in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] In the diagram, 110 is the first building module; 120 is the second building module; 130 is the parameter optimization module; 140 is the data acquisition module; and 150 is the evacuation simulation module. Detailed Implementation

[0078] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0079] This invention references the definition of nuclear force and integrates it with a social force model. It also incorporates visibility conditions as model parameters into evacuation simulation, overcoming the limitations of existing methods that only operate under specific visibility conditions. This allows for accurate pedestrian evacuation simulation under varying visibility conditions, providing a technical solution: a crowd evacuation simulation method applicable to different visibility conditions, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0080] S1. By introducing a visibility parameter, and treating changes in visibility as a crucial factor influencing pedestrian forces and movement behavior, a pedestrian evacuation model based on the principle of nuclear force (social force pedestrian evacuation model) is constructed. This includes the following steps:

[0081] S11. Set the relationship between pedestrian visibility distance and environmental visibility parameters, pedestrian visibility distance D vis The linear equation is: D vis =Dmax *λ;

[0082] Among them, D max λ represents the maximum visible distance for pedestrians, and λ represents the environmental visibility parameter, with a value ranging from 0 to 1. 0 indicates that pedestrians are completely invisible in the environment, and 1 indicates that pedestrians have a good field of vision in the environment.

[0083] S12. Construct a pedestrian evacuation model based on the principle of nuclear forces: Model the force changes experienced by pedestrians under different visibility conditions. Under high visibility conditions, pedestrians maintain a safe distance from others and walls, exhibiting a repulsive effect; while under low visibility conditions, pedestrians tend to approach walls or follow others, exhibiting an attractive effect. Combine this with the principle of nuclear forces (within the atomic nucleus, the Coulomb force and the strong nuclear force determine the stability of the nucleus through mutual equilibrium. The Coulomb force and the strong nuclear force are two main forces, and their balance directly affects the stability of the atomic nucleus). Qualitative analysis. The Coulomb force is the electromagnetic repulsion between protons, while the strong nuclear force is the short-range attractive force between nucleons. The strong nuclear force is stronger than the Coulomb force over extremely short distances, but its range is limited. The Coulomb force causes protons to repel each other and move away, while the strong nuclear force causes them to attract each other and move closer. When the strong nuclear force is sufficient to counteract the Coulomb force's repulsion, the atomic nucleus remains stable. If the Coulomb force exceeds the strong nuclear force's constraint, the atomic nucleus will undergo fission or decay due to instability. Therefore, the balance mechanism between the two plays a crucial role in maintaining the structure of the atomic nucleus and in its interpretation. This leads to the construction of a pedestrian evacuation model based on the principle of nuclear forces.

[0084] In low visibility conditions, pedestrians tend to move closer together and rely on walls. This movement pattern is similar to the interaction between the Coulomb force and the strong nuclear force within an atomic nucleus. Coulomb repulsion causes protons to repel each other, while the strong nuclear force attracts them, eventually reaching an equilibrium. The social force model is then modified using calculation methods for atomic nuclear forces.

[0085] Furthermore, step S12 specifically includes the following steps:

[0086] S121. Constructing the force relationship between pedestrians and walls: Taking a wall as an example, assume that wall W is composed of continuous unit walls Δw, and each unit wall exerts a repulsive core force on the pedestrian, such as... Figure 2 As shown; according to Coulomb's law, the Coulomb force is directly proportional to the product of the charges of the two protons and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the two protons, thus establishing the force relationship between the pedestrian and the wall.

[0087] Furthermore, the specific steps include the following:

[0088] S1211. Construct the force relationship between the unit wall and the pedestrian, and the repulsive core force n exerted by the unit wall Δw on the pedestrian i. iΔw It depends on the distance between them and the charge they carry; specifically, n iΔwIt is directly proportional to the product of the charges of pedestrian i and unit wall Δw, and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them:

[0089]

[0090] Where, q i Let q represent the charge of pedestrian i. w q represents the charge of the unit wall Δw. i and q w The initial setting is 1 coulomb per unit charge, p i The pedestrian's position coordinates (x i ,y i ), p Δw The coordinates (x, y) of the unit wall Δw are the position coordinates.

[0091] The repulsive force exerted by the unit wall Δw on pedestrian i is decomposed into directions parallel to the wall. and vertical direction n iΔwx and n iΔwy Therefore, all forces are divided into forces in two directions for calculation, as follows:

[0092]

[0093] S1212. Calculate the overall repulsive force exerted by the wall on the pedestrian. Integrate the repulsive force exerted by the unit wall Δw on the pedestrian over the entire wall area to obtain the overall repulsive force n exerted by the wall W on the pedestrian i. iW The details are as follows:

[0094]

[0095] Where x1 and x2 represent the horizontal coordinates of wall endpoints a1 and a2, respectively; c represents the vertical coordinate of the wall; d1 and d2 represent the distances between pedestrian i and wall endpoints a1 and a2, respectively; b1 and b2 represent the distances between the pedestrian's projection on the wall and wall endpoints a1 and a2, respectively; and dx represents the derivative in the horizontal direction of the wall.

[0096] S1213. As the distance between the pedestrian and the wall increases, similar to the interaction between the Coulomb force and the strong nuclear force in the atomic nucleus, the influence of the strong nuclear force gradually becomes dominant, so the force between the pedestrian and the wall becomes an attractive nuclear force, but the attractive force also decreases as the distance increases.

[0097] Meanwhile, as visibility decreases, the influence of the strong nuclear force intensifies, making the force between pedestrians and walls more inclined to attract the nuclear force.

[0098] Introducing the sigmoid function allows the repulsive and attractive nuclear forces to transform into each other based on the distance between the pedestrian and the wall and visibility parameters. Under the combined influence of these two factors, the nuclear force equation exerted by the wall W is as follows:

[0099]

[0100] Where λ is the environmental visibility parameter, ranging from 0 to 1, representing the change from no visibility to clear visibility, A and B respectively. n and B n These are the intensity and range of the nuclear force experienced by pedestrians, d iW r represents the vertical distance between pedestrian i and wall W. i Let n represent the radius of pedestrian i. iW This represents the total repulsive nuclear force exerted by wall W on pedestrian i.

[0101] S122. Constructing the force relationship between pedestrians: Similar to the relationship between pedestrians and walls, the interaction between pedestrians is analogous to the relationship between two single charges, with the core force N between pedestrians being... ij It is expressed as follows:

[0102]

[0103] Where λ is the environmental visibility parameter, ranging from 0 to 1, where 0 indicates that pedestrians are completely invisible in the environment, and 1 indicates that pedestrians have good visibility in the environment. n and B n These are the intensity and range of the nuclear force experienced by pedestrians, d ij r represents the distance between pedestrian i and pedestrian j. i Let q represent the radius of pedestrian i. i p represents the charge of pedestrian i. i The coordinates of pedestrian i are q. j p represents the charge of pedestrian j. j This represents the coordinates of pedestrian j's position.

[0104] S123. Combining the principle of nuclear force, construct a pedestrian evacuation model based on the principle of nuclear force. This model satisfies the pedestrian dynamic equation:

[0105]

[0106] Where f i N represents the expectancy of pedestrians. iW N represents the nuclear force between the pedestrian and the wall. ij The nuclear force representing the interaction between pedestrians, m i Indicate the mass of pedestrian i. Indicates the speed of pedestrians Differentiating with respect to time t, let f represent the pedestrian's acceleration; the expected force f i satisfy:

[0107]

[0108] in, Indicates the pedestrian's expected speed. This indicates the direction of movement of pedestrian i at time t. Let t represent the pedestrian's speed at time t, and τ represent the relaxation time required for the pedestrian to reach the desired speed.

[0109] S2. Establish dynamic movement rules and evacuation strategies for pedestrians. By analyzing the dynamic characteristics of pedestrian behavior as visibility changes, formulate evacuation strategies adapted to different visibility conditions. This includes the following steps:

[0110] S21. Based on the changes in pedestrian behavior under different visibility conditions, pedestrians move faster under high visibility conditions and slower under low visibility conditions. Construct dynamic movement rules for pedestrians under different visibility conditions; the dynamic movement rules for pedestrians include:

[0111] 1) Based on the different expected speeds of pedestrians under different visibility conditions, set the pedestrian expected speed to be related to the visibility parameter; as shown below:

[0112]

[0113] 2) Set the maximum moving speed for pedestrians;

[0114]

[0115] Among them, v max The maximum pedestrian speed is defined as v. max =1.5v f , v f It is the free-flowing walking speed that a pedestrian can achieve without interference from other pedestrians, set at 1.034 meters per second.

[0116] S22. Construct pedestrian evacuation strategies under different visibility conditions. Compared to good visibility conditions, in low visibility conditions, pedestrians cannot directly determine the location of exits and need to actively search for them. Therefore, determining the pedestrians' walking direction is particularly important during the exit search process. Specifically, this includes the following steps:

[0117] S221. When a pedestrian can see an exit, the pedestrian has a clear and unique desired direction toward the exit; if there are multiple exits within the pedestrian's field of vision, the pedestrian will move toward the exit closest to the pedestrian.

[0118] S222. When a pedestrian cannot see the exit but is close to the wall, they will randomly choose one of two directions parallel to the wall and walk along the wall until they find the exit.

[0119] S223. When a pedestrian cannot see the exit and there are no walls around, but there are other pedestrians within their field of vision, the pedestrian will follow the surrounding pedestrians. That is, the psychology of following other pedestrians during pedestrian evacuation is divided into spatial following psychology and directional following psychology. Spatial following means that the pedestrian follows the central position of the surrounding pedestrians, while directional following means that the pedestrian follows the average direction of the current movement of the surrounding pedestrians. And individual movement direction following the average movement direction of surrounding pedestrians. The calculation process is as follows:

[0120]

[0121]

[0122] Where p i (t),p j (t) represents the positions of pedestrians i and j, respectively. This indicates the direction of movement of pedestrian j, and n indicates the number of other pedestrians within the field of vision of pedestrian i;

[0123] However, in actual evacuation scenarios, pedestrian herding behavior exhibits high complexity, encompassing both spatial following and directional following tendencies. These two psychological mechanisms often coexist in practice. Therefore, by combining the spatial and directional following psychological mechanisms, the actual direction of movement of pedestrian i at time t is derived as follows:

[0124]

[0125] Where w is the proportionality coefficient, which is determined by the pedestrian's psychological safety distance D. safe The distance D from the pedestrian to the center of the surrounding pedestrians centre The decision is made: w = exp(D) safe -D centre ), D safe =2r i When w is larger, pedestrians are more likely to follow the center position of the surrounding pedestrians; while when w is smaller, pedestrians are more likely to follow the average movement direction of the surrounding pedestrians.

[0126] S224. When pedestrians cannot see the exit, are not near the wall, and cannot see other pedestrians, they will randomly choose a direction to evacuate and look for the exit.

[0127] S3. Optimize the parameters of the pedestrian evacuation model. Based on the force relationships between pedestrians, between pedestrians and walls, and the equilibrium distance, optimize the model's structural parameters to improve its applicability and prediction accuracy. This includes the following steps:

[0128] S31. Judgment based on the theoretical basis of the model. According to the formula for pedestrian force in the pedestrian evacuation model, analyze the relationship between the force between pedestrians and the distance between pedestrians under different parameter settings, and obtain the equilibrium distance between pedestrians under low visibility conditions;

[0129] This study analyzes the mathematical relationship between forces and distance between pedestrians, clarifying the interaction between attractive and repulsive forces under different parameters; it determines the distance between pedestrians when they reach equilibrium through mathematical derivation and analyzes the stability of their forces; considering the influence of visibility on forces, it focuses on the change of equilibrium distance when the attraction effect dominates under low visibility conditions.

[0130] S32. Judgment based on simulation. In a simulated scenario, a wall and a pedestrian are set up. Considering only the force relationship between the pedestrian and the wall, the equilibrium distance between the pedestrian and the wall under different parameters is determined. The interaction between the pedestrian and the wall is simulated under different visibility parameters. The average distance between the pedestrian and the wall under each parameter condition is recorded as the equilibrium distance. Multiple sets of experiments are repeated to verify the stability and consistency of the results.

[0131] S33. Compare and verify the theoretical and simulation results. Determine whether the equilibrium distances obtained in steps S31 and S32 are consistent under the same parameter settings to verify the practicality of the model from theory to simulation. Combining the equilibrium distances between pedestrians and between pedestrians and walls under different parameters under low visibility conditions, match the actual equilibrium distances between pedestrians and between pedestrians and walls in real low visibility environments, modify the structural parameters of the pedestrian evacuation model, and finally obtain the optimal parameter set of the model structure.

[0132] S4. Obtain the spatial geometric data of the building evacuation scene, including the geometric dimensions of the evacuation scene, the location and width of the evacuation exits, and the location distribution data of pedestrians. Extract the number of pedestrians and their initial location distribution information as input data for the simulation.

[0133] S5. Based on the established pedestrian evacuation model, pedestrian dynamic movement rules, core evacuation strategy, and acquired evacuation scenario data, perform evacuation simulation calculations to obtain the evacuation simulation results. This includes the following steps:

[0134] S51. Convert the input data and environmental visibility conditions in step S4 into the input parameters required by the model and input them into the pedestrian evacuation model.

[0135] S52. Based on the pedestrian's current location coordinates, determine the pedestrian's status in the room and whether the pedestrian has left the room. If the pedestrian is outside the room, determine that the pedestrian has completed the evacuation.

[0136] S53. Based on environmental visibility, determine the pedestrian's visible distance, determine the pedestrian's expected speed, and obtain the objects within their field of vision based on their current location, and select their expected direction of movement according to the pedestrian evacuation strategy.

[0137] S54. Update pedestrian location data and repeat steps S51, S52 and S53. This process is performed in a loop at a time interval of 0.05 seconds to track the dynamic movement of pedestrians in real time.

[0138] S55. Count the number of remaining pedestrians in the room. When all pedestrians have been evacuated, end the simulation process.

[0139] Record the evacuation time and the coordinates of pedestrians at each time point during the evacuation process to provide raw data for subsequent calculations of pedestrian speed, local density, and evacuation efficiency.

[0140] This invention provides a more accurate and adaptable solution for pedestrian evacuation research and practical applications in complex visibility environments.

[0141] Based on the same inventive concept as the above-described method embodiments, this application also provides a crowd evacuation simulation system applicable to different visibility conditions. This system can achieve the functions provided by the above-described method embodiments, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the system includes the following modules:

[0142] The first construction module 110 introduces a visibility parameter, taking visibility changes as a factor affecting pedestrian force and movement behavior, and constructs a pedestrian evacuation model based on the principle of nuclear force.

[0143] The second construction module 120 establishes dynamic movement rules and evacuation strategies for pedestrians;

[0144] Parameter optimization module 130 optimizes the parameters of the pedestrian evacuation model by optimizing the model structure parameters based on the force relationship between pedestrians, between pedestrians and walls, and the equilibrium distance.

[0145] The data acquisition module 140 acquires the spatial geometric data of the building evacuation scene, including the geometric dimensions of the evacuation scene, the location and width of the evacuation exits, and the location distribution data of pedestrians, and extracts the number of pedestrians and their initial location distribution information as input data for the simulation.

[0146] The evacuation simulation module 150 performs evacuation simulation calculations based on the established pedestrian evacuation model, pedestrian dynamic movement rules and core evacuation strategies, and the acquired evacuation scene data, and obtains the evacuation simulation results.

[0147] Based on the same inventive concept as the above-described method embodiments, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, the computer program being implemented when executed by a processor.

[0148] The aforementioned crowd evacuation simulation method is applicable to different visibility conditions.

[0149] The crowd evacuation simulation method applicable to different visibility conditions specifically includes:

[0150] By introducing a visibility parameter, and taking visibility changes as a factor affecting pedestrian force and movement behavior, a pedestrian evacuation model based on the principle of nuclear force is constructed.

[0151] Establish dynamic movement rules and evacuation strategies for pedestrians;

[0152] The parameters of the pedestrian evacuation model are optimized based on the force relationship between pedestrians, between pedestrians and walls, and the equilibrium distance.

[0153] Acquire spatial geometric data of the building evacuation scenario, including the geometric dimensions of the evacuation scenario, the location and width of evacuation exits, and the location distribution data of pedestrians, and extract the number of pedestrians and their initial location distribution information as input data for simulation.

[0154] Based on the established pedestrian evacuation model, pedestrian dynamic movement rules and core evacuation strategy, and the acquired evacuation scenario data, evacuation simulation calculations are performed to obtain evacuation simulation results.

[0155] In the embodiments provided in this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed systems and methods can also be implemented in other ways. The system and method embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than those marked in the drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in a block diagram and / or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or action, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0156] In addition, the functional modules in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist independently, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0157] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, electronic device, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks. It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0158] The terminology used in the embodiments of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” as used in the embodiments of this invention and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0159] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0160] Depending on the context, the word "if" as used here can be interpreted as "when," "when," "in response to determination," or "in response to detection." Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "if determination" or "if detection (of the stated condition or event)" can be interpreted as "when determination," "in response to determination," "when detection (of the stated condition or event)," or "in response to detection (of the stated condition or event)."

[0161] The terms "first" and "second" used in the embodiments are merely to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of objects. It is understood that "first" and "second" can be interchanged in a specific order or sequence where permitted. It should be understood that the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0162] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crowd evacuation simulation method applicable to different visibility conditions, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. By introducing the visibility parameter, the change in visibility is taken as a factor affecting the force and movement behavior of pedestrians, and a pedestrian evacuation model based on the principle of nuclear force is constructed. S2. Establish dynamic movement rules and evacuation strategies for pedestrians; S3. Optimize the parameters of the pedestrian evacuation model by optimizing the model's structural parameters based on the force relationships between pedestrians, between pedestrians and walls, and the equilibrium distance; this includes the following steps: S31. Based on the formula for the force on pedestrians in the pedestrian evacuation model, analyze the relationship between the force on pedestrians and the distance between pedestrians under different parameter settings, and obtain the equilibrium distance between pedestrians under low visibility conditions. S32. In a simulated scenario, set up a wall and a pedestrian. Considering only the force relationship between the pedestrian and the wall, determine the equilibrium distance between the pedestrian and the wall under different parameters. S33. Combining the balance distances between pedestrians and between pedestrians and walls under different parameters under low visibility conditions, matching the actual balance distances between pedestrians and between pedestrians and walls in the actual low visibility environment, modifying the structural parameters of the pedestrian evacuation model, and finally obtaining the optimal parameter set of the model structure; S4. Obtain the spatial geometric data of the building evacuation scene, including the geometric dimensions of the evacuation scene, the location and width of the evacuation exits, and the location distribution data of pedestrians, and extract the number of pedestrians and their initial location distribution information as input data for the simulation. S5. Based on the established pedestrian evacuation model, pedestrian dynamic movement rules and core evacuation strategy, and the acquired evacuation scenario data, perform evacuation simulation calculations to obtain evacuation simulation results.

2. The crowd evacuation simulation method applicable to different visibility conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 includes the following steps: S11. Set the relationship between pedestrian visibility distance and environmental visibility parameters, pedestrian visibility distance D vis The linear equation is: D vis =D max *λ; Among them, D max λ represents the maximum visible distance for pedestrians, and λ represents the environmental visibility parameter, with a value ranging from 0 to 1. 0 indicates that pedestrians are completely invisible in the environment, and 1 indicates that pedestrians have a good field of vision in the environment. S12. Construct a pedestrian evacuation model based on the principle of nuclear force: Model the force change characteristics of pedestrians under different visibility conditions. Under high visibility conditions, pedestrians maintain a safe distance from others and walls, exhibiting a repulsion effect; while under low visibility conditions, pedestrians tend to approach walls or follow others, exhibiting an attraction effect; combine the principle of nuclear force to construct a pedestrian evacuation model based on the principle of nuclear force.

3. The crowd evacuation simulation method applicable to different visibility conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step S12 specifically includes the following steps: S121. Construct the force relationship between the pedestrian and the wall: Assume that the wall W is composed of continuous unit walls Δw, and each unit wall exerts a repulsive core force on the pedestrian; According to Coulomb's law, the Coulomb force is directly proportional to the product of the charges of the two protons and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the two protons, thus establishing the force relationship between the pedestrian and the wall. S122. Constructing the force relationship between pedestrians: Similar to the relationship between pedestrians and walls, the interaction between pedestrians is analogous to the relationship between two single charges, with the core force N between pedestrians being... ij It is expressed as follows: Where λ is the environmental visibility parameter, ranging from 0 to 1, where 0 indicates that pedestrians are completely invisible in the environment, and 1 indicates that pedestrians have good visibility in the environment. n and B n These are the intensity and range of the nuclear force experienced by pedestrians, d ij r represents the distance between pedestrian i and pedestrian j. i Let q represent the radius of pedestrian i. i p represents the charge of pedestrian i. i q is the position coordinate of pedestrian i. j p represents the charge of pedestrian j. j This represents the position coordinates of pedestrian j; S123. Combining the principle of nuclear force, construct a pedestrian evacuation model based on the principle of nuclear force. This model satisfies the pedestrian dynamic equation: Where f i N represents the expectancy of pedestrians. iw N represents the nuclear force between the pedestrian and the wall. ij The nuclear force representing the interaction between pedestrians, m i Indicate the mass of pedestrian i. Indicates the speed of pedestrians Differentiating with respect to time t, let f represent the pedestrian's acceleration; the expected force f i satisfy: in, Indicates the pedestrian's expected speed. This indicates the direction of movement of pedestrian i at time t. Let t represent the pedestrian's speed at time t, and τ represent the relaxation time required for the pedestrian to reach the desired speed.

4. The crowd evacuation simulation method applicable to different visibility conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step S121 specifically includes the following steps: S1211. Construct the force relationship between the unit wall and the pedestrian, and the repulsive core force n exerted by the unit wall Δw on the pedestrian i. iΔw It depends on the distance between them and the charge they carry; specifically, n iΔw It is directly proportional to the product of the charges of pedestrian i and unit wall Δw, and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them: Where, q i Let q represent the charge of pedestrian i. w q represents the charge of the unit wall Δw. i and q w The initial setting is 1 coulomb per unit charge, p i These are the pedestrian's location coordinates, p Δw These are the position coordinates of the unit wall Δw; S1212. Calculate the overall repulsive force exerted by the wall on the pedestrian. Integrate the repulsive force exerted by the unit wall Δw on the pedestrian over the entire wall area to obtain the overall repulsive force n exerted by the wall W on the pedestrian i. iW The details are as follows: Where the upper and lower limits of integration are x1 and x2, which represent the horizontal coordinates of the left and right endpoints of the wall, respectively, and dx represents the derivative in the horizontal direction of the wall; S1213. As the distance between the pedestrian and the wall increases, similar to the interaction between the Coulomb force and the strong nuclear force in the atomic nucleus, the influence of the strong nuclear force gradually becomes dominant, so the force between the pedestrian and the wall becomes an attractive nuclear force, but the attractive force also decreases as the distance increases. Meanwhile, as visibility decreases, the influence of the strong nuclear force intensifies, making the force between pedestrians and walls more inclined to attract the nuclear force. Introducing the sigmoid function allows the repulsive and attractive nuclear forces to transform into each other based on the distance between the pedestrian and the wall and visibility parameters. Under the combined influence of these two factors, the nuclear force equation exerted by the wall W is as follows: Where λ is the environmental visibility parameter, ranging from 0 to 1, representing the change from no visibility to clear visibility, A and B respectively. n and B n These are the intensity and range of the nuclear force experienced by pedestrians, d iW r represents the vertical distance between pedestrian i and wall W. i Let n represent the radius of pedestrian i. iW This represents the total repulsive nuclear force exerted by wall W on pedestrian i.

5. The crowd evacuation simulation method applicable to different visibility conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S2 includes the following steps: S21. Based on the changes in pedestrian behavior under different visibility conditions, pedestrians move faster under high visibility conditions and move more slowly under low visibility conditions. Construct dynamic movement rules for pedestrians under different visibility conditions. The pedestrian dynamic movement rules include: 1) setting the pedestrian's expected speed to be related to the visibility parameter based on the different expected speeds of pedestrians under different visibility conditions; 2) setting the maximum movement speed for pedestrians; S22. Construct pedestrian evacuation strategies under different visibility conditions.

6. The crowd evacuation simulation method applicable to different visibility conditions according to claim 5, characterized in that: Step S22 specifically includes the following steps: S221. When a pedestrian can see an exit, the pedestrian has a clear and unique desired direction toward the exit; if there are multiple exits within the pedestrian's field of vision, the pedestrian will move toward the exit closest to the pedestrian. S222. When a pedestrian cannot see the exit but is close to the wall, they will randomly choose one of two directions parallel to the wall and walk along the wall until they find the exit. S223. When a pedestrian cannot see the exit and there are no walls around, but there are other pedestrians within their field of vision, the pedestrian will follow the surrounding pedestrians. That is, the psychology of following other pedestrians during pedestrian evacuation is divided into spatial following psychology and directional following psychology. Spatial following means that the pedestrian follows the central position of the surrounding pedestrians, while directional following means that the pedestrian follows the average direction of the current movement of the surrounding pedestrians. And individual movement direction following the average movement direction of surrounding pedestrians. The calculation process is as follows: Where p i (t),p j (t) represents the positions of pedestrians i and j, respectively. This indicates the direction of movement of pedestrian j, and n indicates the number of other pedestrians within the field of vision of pedestrian i; Combining the spatial and directional following psychological mechanisms, the actual direction of movement of pedestrian i at time t is shown below: Where w is the proportionality coefficient, which is determined by the pedestrian's psychological safety distance D. safe The distance D from the pedestrian to the center of the surrounding pedestrians centre The decision is made: w = exp(D) safe -D centre ), D safe =2r i When w is larger, pedestrians are more likely to follow the center position of the surrounding pedestrians; while when w is smaller, pedestrians are more likely to follow the average movement direction of the surrounding pedestrians. S224. When pedestrians cannot see the exit, are not near the wall, and cannot see other pedestrians, they will randomly choose a direction to evacuate and look for the exit.

7. The crowd evacuation simulation method applicable to different visibility conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S5 includes the following steps: S51. Convert the input data and environmental visibility conditions in step S4 into the input parameters required by the model and input them into the pedestrian evacuation model. S52. Based on the pedestrian's current location coordinates, determine the pedestrian's status in the room and whether the pedestrian has left the room. If the pedestrian is outside the room, determine that the pedestrian has completed the evacuation. S53. Based on environmental visibility, determine the pedestrian's visible distance, determine the pedestrian's expected speed, and obtain the objects within their field of vision based on their current location, and select their expected direction of movement according to the pedestrian evacuation strategy. S54. Update pedestrian location data and repeat steps S51, S52 and S53. This process is performed in a loop at a time interval of 0.05 seconds to track the dynamic movement of pedestrians in real time. S55. Count the number of remaining pedestrians in the room. When all pedestrians have been evacuated, end the simulation process.

8. A system for simulating crowd evacuation under different visibility conditions according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: Includes the following modules: The first building module (110) introduces the visibility parameter and uses the change in visibility as a factor affecting the force and movement behavior of pedestrians to build a pedestrian evacuation model based on the principle of nuclear force. The second construction module (120) establishes dynamic movement rules and evacuation strategies for pedestrians; The parameter optimization module (130) optimizes the parameters of the pedestrian evacuation model by optimizing the model structure parameters based on the force relationship between pedestrians, between pedestrians and walls, and the equilibrium distance. The data acquisition module (140) acquires the spatial geometric data of the building evacuation scene, including the geometric dimensions of the evacuation scene, the location and width of the evacuation exits, and the location distribution data of pedestrians, and extracts the number of pedestrians and the initial location distribution information as input data for simulation. The evacuation simulation module (150) performs evacuation simulation calculations based on the established pedestrian evacuation model, pedestrian dynamic movement rules and core evacuation strategies, and the acquired evacuation scene data, and obtains evacuation simulation results.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: It stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the crowd evacuation simulation method applicable to different visibility conditions as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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