Microstrip magnetic current electric control two-dimensional beam scanning antenna

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a micro-strip magnetic current electric control two-dimensional beam scanning antenna. The antenna comprises a feed power division structure; the feed power division structure is connected with each micro-strip guided wave structure and is used for feeding electromagnetic waves into each micro-strip guided wave structure; the at least two magnetic current electric control unit arrays are arranged on the two sides of the micro-strip guided wave structure and connected with the micro-strip guided wave structure, each magnetic current electric control unit array comprises a plurality of magnetic current electric control units arranged in the length direction of the micro-strip guided wave structure, and the micro-strip guided wave structure is in short circuit with the ground through the magnetic current electric control units; and the wave beam control module is connected with each magnetic current electric control unit and is used for adjusting the bias voltage between each magnetic current electric control unit and the ground so as to control the distribution of the magnetic current on the two sides of the micro-strip guided wave structure. According to the embodiment of the invention, the complexity of the system is well reduced while the cost is greatly reduced. In addition, the wave beam of the embodiment has the advantages of wide band, wide angle, high gain, two-dimensional scanning and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a microstrip magnetic current electrically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern communication technology, scanning antennas have been widely used in communication scenarios. Traditional mechanical scanning antennas achieve beam scanning by rotating the radiation aperture, but their large size, complex mechanical structure, and limitations on scanning speed and angle greatly limit their application in modern communication systems.

[0003] In contrast, active phased array antennas can quickly achieve beam scanning functions. However, since a large number of T / R (Transmit / Receive) components are integrated in the feed network of active phased array antennas in related technologies, the manufacturing process of such antennas is complicated and costly. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a microstrip magnetic current electrically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna to at least partially solve the above-mentioned problem.

[0005] The embodiment of the present application provides a microstrip magnetic current electrically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna, which includes: a feeding power division structure; at least one microstrip waveguide structure, wherein the feeding power division structure is connected to each of the microstrip waveguide structures and is used to feed electromagnetic waves into each of the microstrip waveguide structures, and the microstrip waveguide structure transmits the electromagnetic waves in the form of traveling waves; at least two magnetic current electrically controlled unit arrays, which are arranged on both sides of the microstrip waveguide structure and connected to the microstrip waveguide structure, and each of the magnetic current electrically controlled unit arrays includes a plurality of magnetic current electrically controlled units arranged along the length direction of the microstrip waveguide structure, and each of the magnetic current electrically controlled units short-circuits the microstrip waveguide structure with the ground, and is used to radiate the electromagnetic waves fed into the microstrip waveguide structure into free space; a beam control module, which is connected to each of the magnetic current electrically controlled units and is used to adjust the bias voltage between each of the magnetic current electrically controlled units and the ground, and then adjust the working state of each of the magnetic current electrically controlled units to control the distribution of magnetic currents on both sides of the microstrip waveguide structure.

[0006] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned microstrip magnetic current electric control two-dimensional beam scanning antenna, each of the magnetic current electric control units includes: a magnetic current disturbance unit and a bias circuit; wherein the magnetic current disturbance unit is used to short-circuit the microstrip waveguide structure with the ground; the bias circuit is connected to both the magnetic current disturbance unit and the microstrip waveguide structure, and is used to control the bias voltage between the microstrip waveguide structure and the ground; the beam control module is electrically connected to the bias circuit in each of the magnetic current electric control units, and is used to control the bias voltage of each bias circuit, so as to adjust the working state of each of the magnetic current disturbance units, and thereby control the distribution of the magnetic current on both sides of the microstrip waveguide structure.

[0007] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned microstrip magnetic current electrically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna, the magnetic current disturbance unit is any one of a short-circuit grounding plate, a short-circuit grounding column, and a short-circuit metal patch.

[0008] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned microstrip magnetic current electrically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna, the bias circuit includes: an electronic switch component, a connecting line, a bias line and a grounded metal patch; wherein the microstrip waveguide structure is connected to the magnetic current disturbance unit through the electronic switch component, and the magnetic current disturbance unit is connected to the grounded metal patch; the electronic switch component is also connected to the grounded metal patch through the connecting line and the bias line in sequence; and the beam control module is connected to the bias line.

[0009] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned microstrip magnetic current electrically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna, the bias circuit includes: an electronic switch component, a bias line and a grounded metal patch; wherein the microstrip waveguide structure is connected to the first end of the magnetic current disturbance unit through the electronic switch component, and the second end of the magnetic current disturbance unit is connected to the grounded metal patch; the first end of the bias line is connected to the grounded metal patch, and the second end of the bias line is connected to the beam control module.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned microstrip magnetic current electrically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna, the electronic switch component includes one electronic switch element; or, the electronic switch component includes a plurality of electronic switch elements connected to each other.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned microstrip magnetic current electrically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna, the electronic switch element is any one of a PIN diode, a varactor diode, a MEMS switch, and a photosensitive switch.

[0012] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned microstrip magnetic current electric control two-dimensional beam scanning antenna, the microstrip waveguide structure is a one-dimensional microstrip waveguide structure; the number of the microstrip waveguide structures is two or more and they are arranged in parallel to form a two-dimensional microstrip waveguide structure; accordingly, the magnetic current electric control unit array is four or more, and the magnetic current electric control units in each magnetic current electric control unit array are arranged in corresponding positions or in staggered positions.

[0013] Furthermore, the above-mentioned microstrip magnetic current electrically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna also includes: an impedance converter; wherein the microstrip waveguide structure is connected to the magnetic current disturbance unit through the impedance converter, and the electronic switch component is connected in series in the impedance converter.

[0014] Furthermore, the above-mentioned microstrip magnetic current electrically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna also includes: a feeding power splitter board and a microstrip waveguide board; wherein the feeding power splitter structure is arranged on the feeding power splitter board; the microstrip waveguide structure is arranged on the microstrip waveguide board; the microstrip waveguide board is placed above the feeding power splitter board and is crimped with the feeding power splitter board, and the feeding power splitter structure corresponds to the microstrip waveguide structure to couple the electromagnetic waves of the feeding power splitter structure into the microstrip waveguide structure.

[0015] The microstrip waveguide structure in this embodiment is used for traveling wave transmission and provides electromagnetic energy for the magnetic current electric control unit arrays on both sides, and the magnetic current electric control unit arrays radiate electromagnetic energy into free space. Compared with the active phased array, this embodiment uses active electronic components to achieve beam control. Compared with the large-scale use of T / R components of the active phased array, this embodiment not only greatly reduces the cost, but also greatly reduces the complexity of the system. This embodiment is based on the microstrip magnetic current perturbation architecture, and also has the advantages of simple structure, easy processing, easy integration, low profile, etc. At the same time, the microstrip waveguide structure also makes this embodiment have broadband characteristics. In addition, the beam of this embodiment has the advantages of broadband, wide angle, high gain, two-dimensional scanning, etc., and is suitable for satellite communications, mobile communications, radar detection and other fields.

[0016] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments of the present application.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a microstrip magnetic current electrically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a dielectric-filled microstrip waveguide structure shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an air-filled microstrip waveguide structure shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an arrangement and layout of a magnetic current electric control unit shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 5 This is another schematic diagram of the arrangement of the magnetic current electric control unit shown in the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 6 The magnetic flow disturbance unit shown in the embodiment of the present application is a schematic structural diagram of a short-circuit grounding plate;

[0024] Figure 7 The magnetic flow disturbance unit shown in the embodiment of the present application is a schematic structural diagram of a short-circuit grounding column;

[0025] Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetic flow disturbance unit in the embodiment of the present application is a short-circuit sector;

[0026] Fig. 9 The magnetic flow disturbance unit shown in the embodiment of the present application is a schematic structural diagram of a short-circuit metal patch;

[0027] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a connection structure between a magnetic current electric control unit and a microstrip waveguide structure shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of another connection structure between a magnetic current electric control unit and a microstrip waveguide structure shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the structure of a magnetic current electric control unit shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of a feeding power division structure shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of another feeding power division structure shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Fig.15 Another structural schematic diagram of a microstrip magnetic current electrically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Fig.16 for Fig.15The schematic diagram of the scanning results of the microstrip magnetic current electric controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The preferred embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present application more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art.

[0035] The terms used in this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. The singular forms of "a", "said" and "the" used in this application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates other meanings. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0036] It should be understood that although the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. may be used in the present application to describe various components, these components should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish components of the same type from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present application, the first component may also be referred to as the second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as the first component. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0037] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0038] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] The technical solution of the embodiments of the present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] See also Figure 1 According to an embodiment of the present application, a microstrip magnetic current electric control two-dimensional beam scanning antenna includes: a feeding power division structure 100, at least one microstrip waveguide structure 200, at least two magnetic current electric control unit arrays 300, and a beam control module 400.

[0041] The feeding power division structure 100 is connected to each microstrip waveguide structure 200 and is used to feed electromagnetic waves into each microstrip waveguide structure 200 . The microstrip waveguide structure 200 transmits the fed electromagnetic waves in the form of traveling waves.

[0042] At least two magnetic current electric control unit arrays 300 are arranged in the width direction of the microstrip waveguide structure 200 ( Figure 1 The two sides of the microstrip waveguide structure 200 are connected to each other. Each magnetic current electric control unit array 300 includes a plurality of microstrip waveguide structures 200 along the length direction ( Figure 1 The magnetic current electric control units 310 are arranged in the left and right directions as shown. Each magnetic current electric control unit 310 short-circuits the microstrip waveguide structure 200 to the ground to radiate the electromagnetic waves fed into the microstrip waveguide structure 200 to the free space.

[0043] In a specific implementation, there can be one microstrip waveguide structure 200, and correspondingly, there are two magnetic current electric control unit arrays 300, and one magnetic current electric control unit array 300 is respectively arranged on both sides of the width direction of the microstrip waveguide structure 200. Of course, there can also be two or more microstrip waveguide structures 200, and correspondingly, there are four or more magnetic current electric control unit arrays 300 (specifically an even number), so that each microstrip waveguide structure 200 is respectively provided with a magnetic current electric control unit array 300 on both sides of the width direction, that is, the number of magnetic current electric control unit arrays 300 is twice that of the microstrip waveguide structure 200. When there are four or more magnetic current electric control unit arrays 300, each magnetic current electric control unit 310 in each magnetic current electric control unit array 300 can be arranged in corresponding positions (such as Figure 5 As shown), they can also be arranged in staggered positions (as shown Figure 4 As shown), of course, other arrangements are also possible, which will not be listed one by one in this embodiment.

[0044] It should be noted that, in a specific implementation, the distance between each magnetic current electric control unit 310 can be determined according to actual conditions, and this embodiment does not impose any limitation thereto.

[0045] In a specific implementation, the microstrip waveguide structure 200 may be a dielectric-filled microstrip structure provided with a dielectric filler 210, such as Figure 2 As shown, it can also be an air-filled microstrip structure provided with air filling 220, such as Figure 3 As shown, of course, other types of microstrip waveguide structures known to those skilled in the art may also be used, and this embodiment will not list them one by one here.

[0046] The magnetic current electric control unit array 300 is arranged on both sides of the microstrip waveguide structure 200 in the width direction. When it is specifically implemented, it can be designed and processed by printed circuit board technology.

[0047] In this embodiment, the microstrip waveguide structure 200 can be a one-dimensional microstrip waveguide structure. When the number of the microstrip waveguide structures 200 is two or more, each one-dimensional microstrip waveguide structure 200 can be arranged in parallel (for example, in parallel) to form a two-dimensional microstrip waveguide structure.

[0048] In this embodiment, the beam control module 400 is connected to each magnetic current electric control unit 310, and is used to adjust the bias voltage between each magnetic current electric control unit 310 and the ground, thereby adjusting the working state of each magnetic current electric control unit 310. The bias voltage provided by the waveguide control module 400 is used to adjust the distribution of magnetic currents on both sides of the microstrip waveguide structure 200, thereby realizing the radiation control of electromagnetic energy, and finally radiating the electromagnetic waves into the free space, completing the electrically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning function of the antenna.

[0049] In specific implementation, the beam control module 400 may be a single chip microcomputer, a FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) or the like.

[0050] The microstrip waveguide structure 200 in this embodiment is used for traveling wave transmission and provides electromagnetic energy for the magnetic current electric control unit arrays 300 on both sides. The magnetic current electric control unit arrays 300 radiate electromagnetic energy into free space. Compared with the active phased array, this embodiment uses active electronic components to achieve beam control. Compared with the large-scale use of T / R components of the active phased array, this embodiment not only greatly reduces the cost, but also greatly reduces the complexity of the system. This embodiment is based on the microstrip magnetic current perturbation architecture, and also has the advantages of simple structure, easy processing, easy integration, low profile, etc. At the same time, the microstrip waveguide structure also makes this embodiment have broadband characteristics. In addition, the beam of this embodiment has the advantages of broadband, wide angle, high gain, two-dimensional scanning, etc., and is suitable for satellite communications, mobile communications, radar detection and other fields.

[0051] In some embodiments, each magnetic current electric control unit 310 includes: a magnetic current disturbance unit 311 and a bias circuit. The magnetic current disturbance unit 311 is used to short-circuit the microstrip waveguide structure 200 with the ground. The bias circuit is connected to both the magnetic current disturbance unit 311 and the microstrip waveguide structure 200, and is used to control the bias voltage between the microstrip waveguide structure 200 and the ground, thereby adjusting the working state of the magnetic current disturbance unit 311.

[0052] The beam control module 400 is electrically connected to the bias circuit in each magnetic current electric control unit 310 and is used to control the bias voltage of each bias circuit to adjust the working state of each magnetic current disturbance unit 310, thereby controlling the distribution of magnetic current on both sides of the microstrip waveguide structure 200.

[0053] For specific implementation, see Figures 6 to 9 The magnetic flow disturbance unit 311 can be any one of a short-circuit grounding plate 311A, a short-circuit grounding column 311B, and a short-circuit metal patch 311C. The short-circuit metal patch 310C can be fan-shaped (see Figure 8 ) or approximately fan-shaped. Of course, it can also be other shapes, and this embodiment does not make any limitation here.

[0054] In this embodiment, the bias voltage of the magnetic current disturbance unit 311 relative to the ground is adjusted by the bias circuit, thereby controlling the working state of the magnetic current disturbance unit 311, so that the magnetic current disturbance unit 311 can adjust the distribution of the magnetic current on both sides of the microstrip waveguide structure 200 and radiate electromagnetic energy into the free space. The beam radiated by this embodiment has the advantages of broadband, wide angle, high gain, two-dimensional scanning, etc.

[0055] In some embodiments, the bias circuit may include: an electronic switch component, a connecting line, a bias line, and a grounded metal patch. The microstrip waveguide structure 200 is connected to the magnetic current disturbance unit 311 through the electronic switch component, and the magnetic current disturbance unit 311 is connected to the grounded metal patch. In addition, the electronic switch component is also connected to the grounded metal patch through the connecting line and the bias line in sequence.

[0056] The beam control module is connected to the bias line to control the electronic switch assembly to adjust the bias voltage.

[0057] The electronic switch assembly may include an electronic switch element, which may be any one of a PIN diode, a varactor diode, a MEMS switch, a photosensitive switch, or other electronic devices that can realize the function.

[0058] Alternatively, the electronic switch assembly includes a plurality of interconnected electronic switch elements. The electronic switch elements may be at least two of a PIN diode, a varactor diode, a MEMS switch, and a photosensitive switch, and the at least two electronic switch elements are interconnected to form the electronic switch assembly in this embodiment. It should be noted that, in a specific implementation, the plurality in this embodiment refers to two or more.

[0059] In the same magnetic current electric control unit array 300, for different magnetic current electric control units 310, the electronic switch components in the magnetic current disturbance unit 311 can be the same or different, which can be selected according to actual conditions, and this embodiment does not make any limitation here.

[0060] For example, a portion of the electronic switch component 312 can be any one of a PIN diode, a varactor diode, a MEMS switch, and a photosensitive switch, and another portion of the electronic switch component 312 can be any two or a combination of more than two of the PIN diode, a varactor diode, a MEMS switch, and a photosensitive switch.

[0061] In different magnetic current electric control unit arrays 300, the electronic switch components in the magnetic current disturbance unit 311 can be the same or different, and can be selected according to actual conditions. This embodiment does not make any limitation here.

[0062] During specific implementation, different forms of the electronic switch assembly 312 in the magnetic flow disturbance unit 311 are arranged to adapt to different working requirements and adjustment precisions.

[0063] The beam control module 400 can control the bias voltage of the magnetic current disturbance unit 311, and further control the working state of the magnetic current disturbance unit 311, which includes the emission state of the magnetic current disturbance unit 311, and turning the magnetic current disturbance unit 311 on or off.

[0064] In this embodiment, an electronic switch component 312 is provided in the bias circuit to achieve precise control of the magnetic current disturbance unit 311 .

[0065] In other embodiments, see Fig.12 The bias circuit may include: an electronic switch component 312, a bias line 313 and a ground metal patch 314. The microstrip waveguide structure 200 is connected to the first end ( Fig.12 The upper end shown in FIG. 1 is connected to the magnetic flow disturbance unit 311, and the second end ( Fig.12 The lower end shown in FIG. 1 is connected to the ground metal sheet 314, and the first end ( Fig.12 The left end of the bias line 313 is connected to the ground metal patch 314, and the second end of the bias line 313 ( Fig.12The right end as shown) is connected to the beam control module 400.

[0066] Fig.12 In the bias circuit shown, an electronic switch element is used to connect the microstrip waveguide structure 200 and the magnetic current disturbance unit 311. The magnetic current disturbance unit 311 is in the form of a short-circuit grounding column, which is connected to the grounding metal patch 314 to introduce a forward bias voltage. Of course, the magnetic disturbance unit 311 can also be in other forms, such as a short-circuit grounding plate.

[0067] In this embodiment, a circular choke 316 may be provided on the short-circuit grounding column to isolate the radio frequency current and prevent the radio frequency current from having an adverse effect on the bias circuit; an isolation ring 317 may also be provided to play an insulating role.

[0068] In the same magnetic current electric control unit array 300, for different magnetic current electric control units 300, the electronic switch components in the magnetic current disturbance unit 311 can be the same or different, which can be selected according to actual conditions, and this embodiment does not make any limitation here.

[0069] In different magnetic current electric control unit arrays 300, the electronic switch components in the magnetic current disturbance unit 311 can be the same or different, and can be selected according to actual conditions. This embodiment does not make any limitation here.

[0070] Compared with the above-mentioned bias circuit embodiment, the present embodiment omits the connecting wire, that is, the connecting wire is replaced by the magnetic current disturbance unit 311, and the electronic switch component 312 and the grounding metal patch 314 are connected through the magnetic current disturbance unit 311. This connection method is not only simple in structure and simplifies the system structure, but also avoids interference between the connecting wire and the magnetic current disturbance unit 311 and other components, thereby improving the performance of the system.

[0071] In some embodiments, see Fig.10 The microstrip waveguide mechanism 200 and the magnetic current disturbance unit 311 are directly connected through the electronic switch component 312 to disturb the magnetic current.

[0072] In other embodiments, see Fig.11 , and may further include: an impedance converter 315. The microstrip waveguide structure 200 is connected to the magnetic flow disturbance unit 311 through the impedance converter 315, and the electronic switch component 312 is connected in series to the impedance converter. In specific implementation, the impedance converter 315 may be a quarter-wavelength impedance converter.

[0073] The two different connection modes of the microstrip waveguide mechanism 200 and the magnetic current disturbance unit 311 correspond to different bias voltage control modes in the waveguide control module 400 to achieve precise adjustment of the magnetic current electric control unit array 300 .

[0074] In some embodiments, the feeding method of the feeding power division structure 100 can be unidirectional feeding (see Fig.13 ), can also be center fed (see Fig.14 The feeding power divider structure 100 can be selected from a variety of forms such as a microstrip line power divider, a rectangular waveguide coupled slot power divider, a substrate integrated waveguide coupled slot power divider, and a multi-channel independent signal line feeding structure.

[0075] In some embodiments, the feeding power division structure 100 may be disposed on the same plane layer as the microstrip waveguide structure 200 .

[0076] In other embodiments, the feeding power division structure 100 may be disposed below the microstrip waveguide structure 200 to meet different design requirements, see Fig.15 .

[0077] Specifically, a feeding power splitter board 500 and a microstrip waveguide board 600 are also provided. The feeding power splitter structure 100 is provided on the feeding power splitter board 500, and the microstrip waveguide junction 200 is provided on the microstrip waveguide board 600. The microstrip waveguide board 600 is placed above the feeding power splitter board 500 and is crimped with the feeding power splitter board 500, and the feeding power splitter structure 100 corresponds to the microstrip waveguide structure 200, so as to couple the electromagnetic wave of the feeding power splitter structure 100 into the microstrip waveguide structure 200.

[0078] Combine the following Fig.15 The embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail.

[0079] like Fig.15 As shown, the microstrip waveguide structure 200 in this embodiment adopts a Rogers 4350B dielectric filled microstrip structure, which is arranged in six parallel columns to form a two-dimensional beam scanning antenna. Both sides of each column of the microstrip waveguide structure 200 are provided with a magnetic current electric control unit array 300, and the magnetic current disturbance unit 310 adopts a magnetic current short-circuit column form and is loaded with a PIN diode as an electronic switch component 312. Each magnetic current electric control unit 310 is arranged in an array in a staggered manner. The feeding power splitter structure 100 adopts a central feeding method based on a substrate integrated waveguide coupled slot power splitter. Fig.16 The normalized beam scanning results of the elevation plane and the azimuth plane of this embodiment when the working frequency is 5.3 GHz. In practical applications, more beams can be generated by the beam control module 400 to meet different scanning requirements. Fig.16 It can be seen that this embodiment has a large beam scanning range in both the azimuth plane and the elevation plane.

[0080] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A microstrip magnetic current electrically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna, characterized in that: include: Feed power distribution structure; At least one microstrip waveguide structure, the feeding power distribution structure is connected to each of the microstrip waveguide structures, and is used to feed electromagnetic waves into each of the microstrip waveguide structures, and the microstrip waveguide structure transmits the electromagnetic waves in the form of traveling waves; At least two magnetic current electric control unit arrays are arranged on both sides of the microstrip waveguide structure and connected to the microstrip waveguide structure, each of the magnetic current electric control unit arrays includes a plurality of magnetic current electric control units arranged along the length direction of the microstrip waveguide structure, each of the magnetic current electric control units short-circuits the microstrip waveguide structure with the ground, and is used to radiate the electromagnetic waves fed into the microstrip waveguide structure into free space; The beam control module is connected to each of the magnetic current electric control units and is used to adjust the bias voltage between each of the magnetic current electric control units and the ground, thereby adjusting the working state of each of the magnetic current electric control units to control the distribution of the magnetic current on both sides of the microstrip waveguide structure.

2. The microstrip magnetic current electrically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the magnetic current electric control units comprises: a magnetic current disturbance unit and a bias circuit; wherein, The magnetic current disturbance unit is used to short-circuit the microstrip waveguide structure with the ground; The bias circuit is connected to both the magnetic current disturbance unit and the microstrip waveguide structure, and is used to control the bias voltage between the microstrip waveguide structure and the ground; The beam control module is electrically connected to the bias circuit in each of the magnetic current electric control units, and is used to control the bias voltage of each bias circuit to adjust the working state of each magnetic current disturbance unit, thereby controlling the distribution of the magnetic current on both sides of the microstrip waveguide structure.

3. The microstrip magnetic current electrically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The magnetic current disturbance unit is any one of a short-circuit grounding plate, a short-circuit grounding column, and a short-circuit metal patch.

4. The microstrip magnetic current electrically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bias circuit includes: an electronic switch component, a connecting line, a bias line and a grounding metal patch; wherein, The microstrip waveguide structure is connected to the magnetic current disturbance unit through the electronic switch component, and the magnetic current disturbance unit is connected to the grounded metal patch; The electronic switch assembly is also connected to the ground metal patch through the connection line and the bias line in sequence; The beam control module is connected to the bias line.

5. The microstrip magnetic current electrically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bias circuit includes: an electronic switch component, a bias line and a grounded metal patch; wherein, The microstrip waveguide structure is connected to the first end of the magnetic current disturbance unit through the electronic switch component, and the second end of the magnetic current disturbance unit is connected to the grounding metal sheet; A first end of the bias line is connected to the ground metal patch, and a second end of the bias line is connected to the beam control module.

6. The microstrip magnetic current electrically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The electronic switch assembly includes an electronic switch element; or, The electronic switch assembly includes a plurality of electronic switch elements connected to each other.

7. The microstrip magnetic current electrically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electronic switch element is any one of a PIN diode, a varactor diode, a MEMS switch, and a photosensitive switch.

8. The microstrip magnetic current electrically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microstrip waveguide structure is a one-dimensional microstrip waveguide structure; The number of the microstrip waveguide structures is two or more and they are arranged in parallel to form a two-dimensional microstrip waveguide structure; accordingly, the number of the magnetic current electric control unit array is four or more, and the magnetic current electric control units in each magnetic current electric control unit array are arranged in corresponding positions or in staggered positions.

9. The microstrip magnetic current electrically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: Also includes: Impedance transformer; wherein, The microstrip waveguide structure is connected to the magnetic current disturbance unit through the impedance converter, and the electronic switch component is connected in series in the impedance converter.

10. The microstrip magnetic current electrically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that , also includes: a feeding power splitter board and a microstrip waveguide board; wherein, The feeding power division structure is arranged on the feeding power division board; The microstrip waveguide structure is arranged on the microstrip waveguide plate; The microstrip waveguide plate is placed above the feeding power splitter plate and is crimped to the feeding power splitter plate, and the feeding power splitter structure corresponds to the microstrip waveguide structure to couple the electromagnetic waves of the feeding power splitter structure into the microstrip waveguide structure.

Images