Heating cable based on polymer heating material

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electric heating equipment, and particularly discloses a heating cable based on a macromolecular heating material. The heating cable based on the high-molecular heating material comprises a conductive core layer, a temperature-resistant layer, an insulating layer and a sheath layer which are arranged in sequence, the temperature-resistant layer is prepared from the following raw material components in parts by weight: 80 to 100 parts of fluororesin, 3 to 7 parts of polyacrylate polymer, 5 to 10 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 5 to 10 parts of filler, 5 to 10 parts of thermoplastic elastomer, 1 to 3 parts of plasticizer and 0.1 to 0.5 part of lubricant; the filler is prepared from the following raw materials: aramid fiber, polyimide, nano silicon carbide and a coupling agent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric heating equipment, and in particular to a heating cable based on a polymer heating material. Background Art

[0002] Most heating cables on the market currently rely on metal heating wires, which have stable performance but high energy consumption and are susceptible to corrosion that affects their lifespan. Polymer heating materials have gradually attracted attention due to their unique thermal sensitivity and good flexibility, becoming a new trend to replace traditional metal heating elements. However, existing polymer heating materials have poor temperature resistance in actual applications, resulting in low heating efficiency, poor stability and other problems, affecting the user experience. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to improve the temperature resistance of the cable during use, the present application provides a heating cable based on a polymer heating material.

[0004] In the first aspect, the present application provides a heating cable based on a polymer heating material, which adopts the following technical solution: A heating cable based on polymer heating materials comprises a conductive core layer, a heat-resistant layer, an insulating layer and a sheath layer which are arranged in sequence; the raw materials of the heat-resistant layer comprise the following components in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of fluororesin, 3-7 parts of polyacrylate polymer, 5-10 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 5-10 parts of filler, 5-10 parts of thermoplastic elastomer, 1-3 parts of plasticizer and 0.1-0.5 parts of lubricant; the raw materials of the filler comprise aramid fiber, polyimide, nano silicon carbide and a coupling agent.

[0005] By adopting the above technical scheme, the addition of polyacrylate polymers, thermoplastic elastomers, plasticizers and lubricants can not only improve the processing performance of the heat-resistant layer, but also improve the heat resistance of the heat-resistant layer; the coupling agent in the filler makes the aramid fiber, polyimide and nano-silicon carbide have better dispersion performance, and the aramid fiber is used as a carrier, and the polyimide and nano-silicon carbide are loaded thereon, which can improve the heat resistance of the heat-resistant layer while providing some strength.

[0006] In a specific embodiment, the method for preparing the filler comprises the following steps: Adding aramid fiber, polyimide and nano silicon carbide into ethanol, stirring and mixing evenly to obtain a mixed solution; The mixed liquid is ultrasonically dispersed, and a coupling agent is added during the dispersion. After the addition is completed, the mixture is further dispersed, and finally dried to obtain a filler.

[0007] By adopting the above technical scheme, aramid fiber, polyimide and nano silicon carbide are first dispersed in ethanol, and then a coupling agent is added to modify them, thereby obtaining a filler with a better dispersion effect.

[0008] In a specific implementation manner, the weight ratio of aramid fiber, polyimide, nano-silicon carbide and ethanol in the mixed solution is 1: (2-5): (15-20): (70-90); the weight ratio of the mixed solution and the coupling agent is 100: (0.5-1.5).

[0009] By adopting the above technical scheme, the ratio of aramid fiber, polyimide, nano-silicon carbide and ethanol in the mixed liquid and the ratio of the mixed liquid to the coupling agent are further limited, thereby improving the modification effect of aramid fiber, polyimide and nano-silicon carbide.

[0010] In a specific embodiment, the fluororesin includes a mixture of fusible polytetrafluoroethylene, polyperfluoroethylene propylene, and polyvinylidene fluoride.

[0011] By adopting the above technical scheme, the composite fluororesin composed of fusible polytetrafluoroethylene, polyperfluoroethylene propylene and polyvinylidene fluoride is used, which not only makes the heat-resistant layer have better processing performance, but also can further improve the heat resistance of the cable.

[0012] In a specific embodiment, the polyacrylate polymer includes a mixture of polyethyl acrylate and polyisooctyl acrylate.

[0013] In a specific embodiment, the thermoplastic elastomer includes one of a polyurethane elastomer and a polyester elastomer.

[0014] In a specific embodiment, the plasticizer includes one or more of dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, and dimethyl phthalate.

[0015] In a specific embodiment, the lubricant includes zinc stearate.

[0016] In a specific embodiment, the raw material of the temperature-resistant layer further includes 0.05 to 0.15 parts by weight of a hindered phenol antioxidant.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution and adding an antioxidant, the aging resistance of the obtained cable is improved.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a heating cable based on a polymer heating material, which adopts the following technical solution: A method for preparing a heating cable based on a polymer heating material comprises the following steps: Preparation of heat-resistant material: fluororesin, polyacrylate polymer, filler, thermoplastic elastomer, plasticizer, lubricant and other raw materials are stirred and mixed evenly, and then extruded and granulated to obtain heat-resistant material; Composite: Select a copper conductor, and then composite a layer of PTC material on the outside of the copper conductor. The PTC material wraps the copper conductor to obtain a conductive core layer; the glass fiber tape is used as the insulating layer and the steel pipe is used as the sheath layer; the heat-resistant material is added to the cable extruder and melt-extruded so that the heat-resistant material is coated on the conductive core layer to form a heat-resistant layer. Then, the glass fiber tape and the steel pipe are composited on the heat-resistant layer in sequence to obtain a heating cable.

[0019] By adopting the above technical scheme, fluororesin, polyacrylate polymer, filler, thermoplastic elastomer, plasticizer, lubricant and other raw materials are first mixed and granulated to obtain a temperature-resistant material; then the temperature-resistant material is compounded onto the conductive core layer, and then the insulating layer and the sheath layer are compounded to obtain a temperature-resistant heating cable.

[0020] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: The addition of polyacrylate polymers, thermoplastic elastomers, plasticizers, and lubricants in the present application can not only improve the processing performance of the heat-resistant layer, but also improve the weather resistance of the heat-resistant layer; the coupling agent in the filler makes the aramid fiber, polyimide, and nano-silicon carbide have better dispersion performance, and the aramid fiber is used as a carrier, and the polyimide and nano-silicon carbide are loaded thereon, which can improve the heat resistance of the heat-resistant layer while also providing some strength; The composite fluororesin composed of fusible polytetrafluoroethylene, polyperfluoroethylene propylene and polyvinylidene fluoride is used in the present application, which not only makes the heat-resistant layer have better processing performance, but also can further improve the heat resistance of the cable; The method in the present application first mixes and granulates fluororesin, polyacrylate polymers, fillers, thermoplastic elastomers, plasticizers, lubricants and other raw materials to obtain a temperature-resistant material; then the temperature-resistant material is compounded onto a conductive core layer, and then an insulating layer and a sheath layer are compounded to obtain a temperature-resistant heating cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0022] All raw materials in the examples can be obtained commercially. Thermoplastic elastomers include but are not limited to one of polyurethane elastomers and polyester elastomers, and polyurethane elastomers are preferred in this application; plasticizers include but are not limited to a mixture of one or more of dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, and dimethyl phthalate, and dioctyl phthalate is preferred in this application.

[0023] Preparation Example 1 Preparation Example 1 provides a method for preparing a filler, comprising the following steps: Add aramid fiber powder, polyimide, and nano-silicon carbide into ethanol, stir and mix evenly to obtain a mixed solution; wherein the weight ratio of aramid fiber powder, polyimide, nano-silicon carbide, and ethanol is 1:2:15:70; The mixed liquid is ultrasonically dispersed, and a coupling agent is added during the dispersion. After the addition is completed, the dispersion is continued for 15 minutes, and finally the mixture is dried at 80°C for 24 hours to obtain a filler. The coupling agent is vinyl triethoxysilane. The weight ratio of the mixed liquid to the coupling agent is 100:0.5.

[0024] Preparation Example 2 Preparation Example 2 provides a method for preparing a filler, comprising the following steps: Add aramid fiber powder, polyimide and nano silicon carbide into ethanol, stir and mix evenly to obtain a mixed solution; wherein the weight ratio of aramid fiber powder, polyimide, nano silicon carbide and ethanol is 1:3.5:17.5:80; The mixed liquid is ultrasonically dispersed, and a coupling agent is added during the dispersion. After the addition is completed, the dispersion is continued for 15 minutes, and finally the mixture is dried at 80°C for 24 hours to obtain a filler. The coupling agent is vinyl triethoxysilane. The weight ratio of the mixed liquid to the coupling agent is 100:0.5.

[0025] Preparation Example 3 Preparation Example 3 provides a method for preparing a filler, comprising the following steps: Add aramid fiber powder, polyimide and nano silicon carbide into ethanol, stir and mix evenly to obtain a mixed solution; wherein the weight ratio of aramid fiber powder, polyimide, nano silicon carbide and ethanol is 1:5:20:90; The mixed liquid is ultrasonically dispersed, and a coupling agent is added during the dispersion. After the addition is completed, the dispersion is continued for 15 minutes, and finally the mixture is dried at 80°C for 24 hours to obtain a filler. The coupling agent is vinyl triethoxysilane. The weight ratio of the mixed liquid to the coupling agent is 100:0.5.

[0026] Preparation Example 4 Preparation Example 4 provides a method for preparing a filler, comprising the following steps: Add aramid fiber powder, polyimide and nano silicon carbide into ethanol, stir and mix evenly to obtain a mixed solution; wherein the weight ratio of aramid fiber powder, polyimide, nano silicon carbide and ethanol is 1:3.5:17.5:80; The mixed liquid is ultrasonically dispersed, and a coupling agent is added during the dispersion. After the addition is completed, the dispersion is continued for 15 minutes, and finally the mixture is dried at 80°C for 24 hours to obtain a filler; wherein the coupling agent is vinyl triethoxysilane; and the weight ratio of the mixed liquid to the coupling agent is 100:1.

[0027] Preparation Example 5 Preparation Example 5 provides a method for preparing a filler, comprising the following steps: Add aramid fiber powder, polyimide and nano silicon carbide into ethanol, stir and mix evenly to obtain a mixed solution; wherein the weight ratio of aramid fiber powder, polyimide, nano silicon carbide and ethanol is 1:3.5:17.5:80; The mixed liquid is ultrasonically dispersed, and a coupling agent is added during the dispersion. After the addition is completed, the dispersion is continued for 15 minutes, and finally the mixture is dried at 80°C for 24 hours to obtain a filler. The coupling agent is vinyl triethoxysilane. The weight ratio of the mixed liquid to the coupling agent is 100:1.5.

[0028] Preparation Example 6 Preparation Example 6 provides a method for preparing a filler, comprising the following steps: Add polyimide and nano-silicon carbide into ethanol, stir and mix evenly to obtain a mixed solution; wherein the weight ratio of polyimide, nano-silicon carbide and ethanol is 3.5:17.5:80; The mixed liquid is ultrasonically dispersed, and a coupling agent is added during the dispersion. After the addition is completed, the dispersion is continued for 15 minutes, and finally the mixture is dried at 80°C for 24 hours to obtain a filler; wherein the coupling agent is vinyl triethoxysilane; and the weight ratio of the mixed liquid to the coupling agent is 100:1.

[0029] Example 1 Embodiment 1 provides a method for preparing a heating cable based on a polymer heating material, comprising the following steps: Preparation of heat-resistant material: 80kg of fluororesin, 3kg of polyacrylate polymer, 5kg of polytetrafluoroethylene, 5kg of filler in Preparation Example 1, 5kg of thermoplastic elastomer, 1kg of plasticizer, and 0.1kg of lubricant are stirred and mixed evenly, and then extruded and granulated to obtain a heat-resistant material; wherein the fluororesin is a mixture of fusible polytetrafluoroethylene, polyperfluoroethylene propylene, and polyvinylidene fluoride, and the weight ratio of the mixture of fusible polytetrafluoroethylene, polyperfluoroethylene propylene, and polyvinylidene fluoride is 1:2:3; the polyacrylate polymer is a mixture of polyethyl acrylate and polyisooctyl acrylate, and the weight ratio of polyethyl acrylate to polyisooctyl acrylate is 1:1; the thermoplastic elastomer is a polyurethane elastomer; the plasticizer is dioctyl phthalate; and the lubricant is zinc stearate; Composite: Select a copper conductor, and then composite a layer of PTC material on the outside of the copper conductor. The PTC material wraps the copper conductor to obtain a conductive core layer; the glass fiber tape is used as the insulating layer and the steel pipe is used as the sheath layer; the heat-resistant material is added to the cable extruder and melt-extruded so that the heat-resistant material is coated on the conductive core layer to form a heat-resistant layer. Then, the glass fiber tape and the steel pipe are composited on the heat-resistant layer in sequence to obtain a heating cable.

[0030] Example 2 The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that, in the preparation of the temperature-resistant material, 90 kg of fluororesin, 5 kg of polyacrylate polymer, 7.5 kg of polytetrafluoroethylene, 7.5 kg of the filler in Preparation Example 1, 7.5 kg of thermoplastic elastomer, 2 kg of plasticizer, and 0.2 kg of lubricant are stirred and mixed evenly, and then extruded and granulated to obtain the temperature-resistant material; wherein the fluororesin is a mixture of fusible polytetrafluoroethylene, polyperfluoroethylene propylene, and polyvinylidene fluoride, and the weight ratio of the mixture of fusible polytetrafluoroethylene, polyperfluoroethylene propylene, and polyvinylidene fluoride is 1:2:3; the polyacrylate polymer is a mixture of polyethyl acrylate and polyisooctyl acrylate, and the weight ratio of polyethyl acrylate and polyisooctyl acrylate is 1:1; the thermoplastic elastomer is a polyurethane elastomer; the plasticizer is dioctyl phthalate; the lubricant is zinc stearate; and the remaining steps are consistent with Example 1.

[0031] Example 3 The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that, in the preparation of the temperature-resistant material, 100 kg of fluororesin, 7 kg of polyacrylate polymer, 10 kg of polytetrafluoroethylene, 10 kg of the filler in Preparation Example 1, 10 kg of thermoplastic elastomer, 3 kg of plasticizer, and 0.5 kg of lubricant are stirred and mixed evenly, and then extruded and granulated to obtain the temperature-resistant material; wherein the fluororesin is a mixture of fusible polytetrafluoroethylene, polyperfluoroethylene propylene, and polyvinylidene fluoride, and the weight ratio of the mixture of fusible polytetrafluoroethylene, polyperfluoroethylene propylene, and polyvinylidene fluoride is 1:2:3; the polyacrylate polymer is a mixture of polyethyl acrylate and polyisooctyl acrylate, and the weight ratio of polyethyl acrylate and polyisooctyl acrylate is 1:1; the thermoplastic elastomer is a polyurethane elastomer; the plasticizer is dioctyl phthalate; the lubricant is zinc stearate; and the remaining steps are consistent with Example 1.

[0032] Example 4 The difference between Example 4 and Example 2 is that the filler is the filler in Preparation Example 2; the remaining steps are consistent with Example 2.

[0033] Example 5 The difference between Example 5 and Example 2 is that the filler is the filler in Preparation Example 3; the remaining steps are consistent with Example 2.

[0034] Example 6 The difference between Example 6 and Example 2 is that the filler is the filler in Preparation Example 4; the remaining steps are consistent with Example 2.

[0035] Example 7 The difference between Example 7 and Example 2 is that the filler is the filler in Preparation Example 5; the remaining steps are consistent with Example 2.

[0036] Example 8 The difference between Example 8 and Example 6 is that the fluororesin is a mixture of fusible polytetrafluoroethylene and polyperfluoroethylene propylene in a weight ratio of 1:2; the remaining steps are consistent with Example 6.

[0037] Example 9 The difference between Example 9 and Example 6 is that the fluororesin is a mixture of fusible polytetrafluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride in a weight ratio of 1:3; the remaining steps are consistent with Example 6.

[0038] Example 10 The difference between Example 10 and Example 6 is that the polyacrylate polymer is polyethyl acrylate; the remaining steps are consistent with Example 6.

[0039] Embodiment 11 The difference between Example 11 and Example 6 is that the polyacrylate polymer is poly(isooctyl acrylate); the remaining steps are consistent with Example 6.

[0040] Example 12 The difference between Example 12 and Example 6 is that, in the preparation of the temperature-resistant material, 90 kg of fluororesin, 5 kg of polyacrylate polymer, 7.5 kg of polytetrafluoroethylene, 7.5 kg of the filler in Preparation Example 1, 7.5 kg of thermoplastic elastomer, 2 kg of plasticizer, 0.2 kg of lubricant, and 0.1 kg of hindered phenol antioxidant are stirred and mixed evenly, and then extruded and granulated to obtain the temperature-resistant material; wherein the fluororesin is a mixture of fusible polytetrafluoroethylene, polyperfluoroethylene propylene, and polyvinylidene fluoride, and the weight ratio of the mixture of fusible polytetrafluoroethylene, polyperfluoroethylene propylene, and polyvinylidene fluoride is 1:2:3; the polyacrylate polymer is a mixture of polyethyl acrylate and polyisooctyl acrylate, and the weight ratio of polyethyl acrylate to polyisooctyl acrylate is 1:1; the thermoplastic elastomer is a polyurethane elastomer; the plasticizer is dioctyl phthalate; the lubricant is zinc stearate; the hindered phenol antioxidant is butylated hydroxyanisole; and the remaining steps are consistent with Example 6.

[0041] Comparative Example 1 The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the filler is the filler in Preparation Example 6; the remaining steps are consistent with Example 1.

[0042] Comparative Example 2 The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that, in the preparation of the temperature-resistant material, 88 kg of fluororesin, 5 kg of polytetrafluoroethylene, 5 kg of the filler in Preparation Example 1, 1 kg of plasticizer, and 0.1 kg of lubricant are stirred and mixed evenly, and then extruded and granulated to obtain the temperature-resistant material; wherein the fluororesin is a mixture of fusible polytetrafluoroethylene, polyperfluoroethylene propylene, and polyvinylidene fluoride, and the weight ratio of the mixture of fusible polytetrafluoroethylene, polyperfluoroethylene propylene, and polyvinylidene fluoride is 1:2:3; the plasticizer is dioctyl phthalate; the lubricant is zinc stearate; and the remaining steps are consistent with Example 1.

[0043] Heat resistance: The thermal deformation of the cables in the embodiments and comparative examples at 200°C was tested. The smaller the thermal deformation, the better the heat resistance of the cable.

[0044] Table 1 Cable performance test results

[0045] Combining Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2, the heat resistance of the cable in Examples 1-3 is better. It can be seen that when preparing the temperature-resistant layer, adding aramid fiber, polyimide, nano-silicon carbide, fillers made of coupling agents, as well as polyacrylate polymers and thermoplastic elastomers can improve the heat resistance of the obtained cable.

[0046] Combining Example 2, Example 4 and Example 5, the heat resistance of the cable in Example 4 is the best. It can be seen that when preparing the filler, the ratio of aramid fiber, polyimide, nano-silicon carbide and ethanol in the mixed liquid in Preparation Example 2 is optimal, so that the performance of the filler is the best.

[0047] Combining Example 4, Example 6 and Example 7, the heat resistance of the cable in Example 6 is the best. It can be seen that when preparing the filler, the ratio of the mixed liquid and the coupling agent in Preparation Example 4 is optimal, so that the performance of the filler is the best.

[0048] Combining Example 6, Example 8 and Example 9, the heat resistance of the cable in Example 6 is the best. It can be seen that when preparing the temperature-resistant filler, the fluororesin is preferably a mixture of fusible polytetrafluoroethylene, polyperfluoroethylene propylene and polyvinylidene fluoride, and the performance of the obtained cable is better.

[0049] Combining Example 6, Example 10 and Example 11, the heat resistance of the cable in Example 6 is the best. It can be seen that when preparing the temperature-resistant filler, the polyacrylate polymer is preferably a mixture of polyethyl acrylate and polyisooctyl acrylate, and the performance of the obtained cable is better.

[0050] Combining Example 6 and Example 12, it can be seen that when preparing the temperature-resistant filler, adding a hindered phenol antioxidant can improve the oxidation resistance of the cable, but has little effect on the heat resistance of the cable.

[0051] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications to the present embodiment without any creative contribution as needed, but such modifications are protected by the patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A heating cable based on polymer heating material, characterized in that: It comprises a conductive core layer, a heat-resistant layer, an insulating layer and a sheath layer which are arranged in sequence; the raw materials of the heat-resistant layer comprise the following components in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of fluororesin, 3-7 parts of polyacrylate polymer, 5-10 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 5-10 parts of filler, 5-10 parts of thermoplastic elastomer, 1-3 parts of plasticizer and 0.1-0.5 parts of lubricant; the raw materials of the filler comprise aramid fiber, polyimide, nano silicon carbide and a coupling agent.

2. A heating cable based on a polymer heating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the filler comprises the following steps: Adding aramid fiber, polyimide and nano silicon carbide into ethanol, stirring and mixing evenly to obtain a mixed solution; The mixed liquid is ultrasonically dispersed, and a coupling agent is added during the dispersion. After the addition is completed, the mixture is further dispersed, and finally dried to obtain a filler.

3. A heating cable based on a polymer heating material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The weight ratio of aramid fiber, polyimide, nano silicon carbide and ethanol in the mixed liquid is 1:(2-5):(15-20):(70-90); the weight ratio of the mixed liquid and the coupling agent is 100:(0.5-1.5).

4. A heating cable based on a polymer heating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluororesin comprises a mixture of fusible polytetrafluoroethylene, polyperfluoroethylene propylene and polyvinylidene fluoride.

5. The heating cable based on polymer heating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyacrylate polymer comprises a mixture of polyethyl acrylate and polyisooctyl acrylate.

6. A heating cable based on a polymer heating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermoplastic elastomer includes one of a polyurethane elastomer and a polyester elastomer.

7. The heating cable based on polymer heating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plasticizer includes one or more of dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, and dimethyl phthalate.

8. The heating cable based on polymer heating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubricant includes zinc stearate.

9. The heating cable based on polymer heating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials of the heat-resistant layer also include 0.05-0.15 parts by weight of a hindered phenol antioxidant.

10. A method for preparing a heating cable based on a polymer heating material according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Preparation of heat-resistant material: fluororesin, polyacrylate polymer, filler, thermoplastic elastomer, plasticizer, lubricant and other raw materials are stirred and mixed evenly, and then extruded and granulated to obtain heat-resistant material; Composite: Select a copper conductor, and then composite a layer of PTC material on the outside of the copper conductor. The PTC material wraps the copper conductor to obtain a conductive core layer; the glass fiber tape is used as the insulating layer and the steel pipe is used as the sheath layer; the heat-resistant material is added to the cable extruder and melt-extruded so that the heat-resistant material is coated on the conductive core layer to form a heat-resistant layer. Then, the glass fiber tape and the steel pipe are composited on the heat-resistant layer in sequence to obtain a heating cable.

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