Sunlight plate curtain wall with combined heat and power generation function and manufacturing and assembling method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of novel environment-friendly building materials, in particular to a sunlight plate curtain wall with a combined heat and power generation function and a manufacturing method and an assembling method of plates of the sunlight plate curtain wall. The sunlight plate comprises a plate subsystem and an auxiliary material subsystem. The plate subsystem sequentially comprises panel glass, a pattern printing layer (such as the pattern printing layer), an EVA bonding layer, a solar cell chip, an EVA bonding layer, a TPT isolation layer, an EVA bonding layer, a heat collection plate and a heat preservation plate (such as the pattern printing layer) from outside to inside. The auxiliary material subsystem comprises an electric power subsystem, a water supply and return subsystem and a structure subsystem. The plate subsystem is manufactured by adopting a prefabrication lamination method, and the prefabrication lamination method comprises the steps of completing prefabrication of a prefabricated part through primary lamination and completing overall manufacturing of a sunlight plate through secondary lamination. The solar cell chip can be made of crystalline silicon (Si), cadmium telluride (CdTe), perovskite (ABX3) and copper indium gallium selenium (CuInGaSe2). The heat collecting plate comprises a flow channel heat collecting plate and an evaporation heat collecting plate. The assembly construction follows the construction method of the frame type curtain wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of new green building materials, and relates to a solar panel curtain wall with a cogeneration function and a manufacturing and assembling method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The photoelectric conversion efficiency of general battery chips is generally 15% to 25%, and the rest of the energy contained in the sunlight is lost in the form of heat. The reasonable operating temperature range of battery chips is 20℃ to 35℃. When the temperature is higher than 35℃, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of battery chips will decrease as the temperature rises, generally decreasing by 0.2% to 0.5% for every 1℃ increase. In summer, the surface temperature of solar photovoltaic panels in most parts of my country can reach above 80℃, at which time the photoelectric conversion efficiency of battery chips generally decreases by more than 7%.

[0003] If a heat-absorbing heat collecting plate is installed behind the battery chip, the heat accumulated by the battery chip can be absorbed, the temperature can be lowered and a high photoelectric conversion efficiency can be maintained, thereby increasing the total annual power generation of the photovoltaic module. At the same time, the collected heat can be output in the form of hot water. The panel subsystem of the solar panel described in the present invention combines the battery chip and the solar heat collecting plate into one.

[0005] Why is the renewable energy substitution rate for buildings only 8% in the plan released by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development? Because the main way for buildings to use clean renewable energy is to install solar photovoltaic panels or solar water heaters. Existing solar photovoltaic panels and solar water heaters are mostly installed on the roofs of buildings, and the total installed power is limited by the roof area. Especially in high-rise buildings, since outdoor units such as air conditioners, water supply and drainage are mostly placed on the roof, occupying the installation area of ​​photovoltaic panels and water heaters, the total installable power accounts for a small proportion compared with the building energy consumption demand. Therefore, 8% is an indicator proposed under the premise of fully considering technical feasibility.

[0006] In order to improve the utilization rate of clean and renewable energy in buildings, those skilled in the art have provided a solar panel curtain wall with a cogeneration function to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. First, the core production capacity components of the solar photovoltaic panel and the solar water heater are combined into one to achieve simultaneous power generation and heat output in one space. Then, while being installed on the roof, it is also installed on the wall in large quantities. The present invention can effectively increase the total power of building power generation and heating, and greatly improve the utilization rate of clean and renewable energy in buildings.

[0007] The solar panel curtain wall of cogeneration is to combine photovoltaic and solar thermal components into a plate through lamination process, and then install it on the building wall with curtain wall structure system. Solar panels can replace traditional curtain wall panels. Compared with traditional curtain wall panels, its innovation is that it has the function of generating electricity and heating at the same time, and its investment can be recovered through power generation and heat output. Solar panel curtain wall can greatly improve the utilization rate of clean and renewable energy in the operation stage of buildings, and civil buildings can reach more than 30%. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing and assembling a solar panel curtain wall with cogeneration function and its panels, including a panel subsystem and an auxiliary material subsystem. The panel subsystem is composed of panel glass, pattern printing layer (if any), EVA adhesive layer, battery chip, EVA adhesive layer, TPT isolation layer, EVA adhesive layer, heat collecting plate and insulation board (if any) from outside to inside. The panel subsystem is manufactured by prefabrication lamination method, in which prefabricated parts are manufactured by one lamination and solar panels are manufactured by two laminations. The auxiliary material subsystem includes power subsystem, water inlet and return subsystem, and structural subsystem.

[0009] The cogeneration function means that the solar panel can generate electricity and output heat at the same time when it is exposed to sunlight (>400W / ㎡·h). The power generation is consistent with the normal power generation of the selected battery chip. The power output of heat is calculated based on a total of 7 hours from 9 am to 4 pm.

[0010] The panel glass is made of ultra-white high-transmittance glass with a transmittance of 91%-98% and a glass thickness of not less than 3mm. The panel glass is printed with color patterns according to demand, and the material should be made of high-temperature resistant inorganic glaze ink. After the pattern is printed, it is tempered together with the glass, and the tempering temperature is not less than 600℃. The blocking rate of the pattern to sunlight should not be higher than 50%.

[0011] If the cell chip is made of crystalline silicon, TPT, EVA, crystalline silicon cell (light-receiving side facing downward), EVA, and panel glass are stacked together from top to bottom, and sent to a laminator for primary lamination to complete the prefabricated part. Then, the prefabricated part is placed with the light-receiving side facing downward, and EVA and a heat collecting plate are stacked on it in sequence, and sent to a laminator for secondary lamination to complete the production of the solar panel.

[0012] If the battery chip is made of cadmium telluride or perovskite material, the cadmium telluride or perovskite material is first deposited on the backlight side of the conductive glass to complete the battery chip production. Then the panel glass, EVA, cadmium telluride or perovskite battery chip (light-facing side facing down), EVA, and TPT are stacked together from bottom to top and sent to a laminator for lamination to complete the prefabricated part production. Then the prefabricated part, EVA, and the solar collector are stacked together for secondary lamination to complete the solar panel production.

[0013] If the battery chip is made of copper indium gallium selenide material, the copper indium gallium selenide material is first deposited on the light-facing side of the glass to complete the battery chip production. Then the panel glass, EVA, and copper indium gallium selenide battery chip (light-facing side facing down) are stacked from bottom to top and sent to the laminator for lamination to complete the prefabricated part production. The prefabricated part is then laminated with the collector plate through EVA to complete the production of the solar panel.

[0014] The heat collecting plate material, the flow collector plate can be made of stainless steel or copper, and the evaporation collector plate can be made of aluminum or copper. The upper and lower ends of the backlight surface of the heat collecting plate should be reserved for water inlet pipe joints and water outlet pipe joints.

[0015] Preferably, EVA is a hot melt adhesive film, the main component of which is a high molecular polymer formed by copolymerization of ethylene and vinyl acetate, and its chemical formula is (C2H4) x .(C4H6O2) y .

[0016] Preferably, TPT (Tedlar / PET / Tedlar) is a composite film whose main component is polyvinyl fluoride.

[0017] Preferably, the battery chip material can be selected from crystalline silicon (Si), cadmium telluride (CdTe), perovskite (ABX3) and copper indium gallium selenide (CuInGaSe2).

[0018] Preferably, the adhesion between the glaze ink and the glass is greater than 10000 mPa.s. Within 20 years, the fading rate of the pattern is less than 20%, the discoloration rate is less than 10%, and the surface hardness is greater than 4H.

[0019] Preferably, the output heat power is 1 to 5 times the power generation power and is not less than 150W / ㎡.

[0020] Preferably, after the secondary lamination, the solar panel can be attached with an insulation board as required. The insulation material can be polystyrene, polyurethane, rock wool, aerogel, etc.

[0021] Preferably, the flow channel heat collecting plate can be a flat box type or a tube plate type, and can be formed by welding. The heat medium in the flow channel heat collecting plate can be water or a special antifreeze liquid.

[0022] Preferably, the evaporative heat collecting plate can be manufactured by using an inflation or direct expansion process. The heat medium in the evaporative heat collecting plate uses Freon (including R22, R32, R134a, etc.). The heat medium inlet pipe of the evaporative heat collecting plate is a pressure pipe, and the pressure is generally not higher than 90 kg. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0024] Attached Figure 1 Sunlight panel curtain wall structure and assembly system diagram

[0025] Attached Figure 2 Crystalline silicon solar panels manufacturing structure and assembly connectors;

[0026] Attached Figure 3 Cadmium telluride (perovskite) solar panel manufacturing structure and assembly connectors;

[0027] Attached Figure 4 Manufacturing structure and assembly connectors of copper indium gallium selenide solar panels;

[0028] Attached Figure 5 Schematic diagram of solar panel cogeneration system;

[0029] Attached Figure 6 Elevation drawing of horizontal and vertical invisible polycarbonate panels;

[0030] Attached Figure 7 Detailed drawing of the node of horizontal and vertical invisible polycarbonate curtain wall A;

[0031] Attached Figure 8 Elevation drawing of vertical and horizontal sun panels;

[0032] Attached Fig. 9 Detail drawing B of the node of vertical visible and horizontal invisible polycarbonate curtain wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0034] The described embodiments are only a part of the present application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work should all fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Crystalline silicon solar panels production and horizontal and vertical concealed curtain wall assembly

[0037] Cut a piece of ultra-clear high-transmittance glass, size 2272mm*1128mm*3.2mm.

[0038] Using inorganic high-temperature glaze ink, a hollow color pattern is printed on the glass, and the hollow area is greater than 70%. The colored glass with the printed pattern is sent into the tempering furnace. At a temperature of 600℃, after 20 minutes, the tempering is completed.

[0039] After the glass cools down to room temperature, place the 2272mm*1128mm EVA on top with the glass surface facing down and the pattern printed surface facing up.

[0040] The colored glass covered with EVA is fed into the crystalline silicon cell arrangement machine, and the 156mm×156mm crystalline silicon wafers are evenly arranged in a matrix of 6 rows and 14 columns, with the light-receiving side of the crystalline silicon cell facing downward. The crystalline silicon cell wires are connected in series and converged at the reserved junction box position.

[0041] The back of the crystalline silicon cell is covered with 2272mm*1128mm EVA, and the EVA is covered with 2275mm*1130mm TPT. The EVA and TPT are reserved with holes for the junction box.

[0042] The laminated body was sent into a laminator under vacuum at an ambient temperature of 150° C. for 400 seconds.

[0043] Open the laminator and pull out the preform, with the panel glass facing down and the TPT facing up.

[0044] The prefabricated parts are placed at room temperature. Cover them with 2272mm*1128mm EVA, and then cover them with 2272*1128*3.5mm stainless steel collector plates. The stainless steel collector plates have reserved holes for the junction box. The stainless steel collector plates have their own water inlet (outlet) pipe heads, and the height of the pipe heads does not exceed 4 mm.

[0045] The prefabricated parts, EVA and heat collecting panels are put into the laminator. In the laminator, at an ambient temperature of 150°C, the secondary lamination of the solar panel is completed after 400 seconds. The overall thickness of the solar panel is "3.2mm+0.2mm+3.5mm=6.9mm".

[0046] Install the junction box on the back of the solar panel.

[0047] The solar panels produced by this process and procedure have a power generation capacity of about 550W, a heating capacity of about 400W, and a total weight of about 40kg. The edges of the solar panels are sealed and smoothed with polystyrene foam glue.

[0048] The curtain wall main frame embedded parts are installed in the ring beam between the wall layers, and the collector plate inlet (return) water pipe support embedded parts are installed inside the wall.

[0049] The vertical aluminum alloy "□-shaped" main frame is anchored on the embedded parts of the upper and lower ring beams by bolts. The height of the main frame is consistent with the floor height. The horizontal spacing of the main frame is 5640mm, the cross-sectional size of the main frame is 200mm*100mm, and the wall thickness of the main frame is 4mm.

[0050] The clips are fixed by bolts on the embedded parts of the water inlet (return) pipes of the wall heat collecting plate.

[0051] Install the collector plate inlet (return) water pipe into the horizontal buckle and fix it, connect the collector plate inlet (return) water pipe to the heat exchanger on the same layer. Install the flexible connecting pipe at the position where the collector plate inlet (return) water pipe corresponds to the collector plate inlet (outlet) water pipe head.

[0052] Drill holes on the side of the main frame to reserve holes for the water inlet (return) pipes of the solar collector and power branches.

[0053] At the center elevation of the lower ring beam, close to the outer edge of the main frame, install an aluminum alloy "□-shaped" sub-frame. The sub-frame has a cross-sectional size of 150mm*150mm, a wall thickness of 3mm, and a length of 5490mm.

[0054] The sub-frame is riveted to the bracket by bolts. The thickness of the bracket is 40mm, and the width of the upper and lower inner notches is 18mm. The outer side of the bracket is reserved for the gusset plate socket. The upper and lower spacing of the sub-frame is 2372mm.

[0055] Place the sun panel in the upper and lower notches of the sub-frame, and connect the water inlet (outlet) pipe head on the back of the sun panel to the flexible water inlet (outlet) pipe.

[0056] Connect the junction box on the back of the solar panel to the power branch line in the bridge.

[0057] Adjust the sunlight position and seal the edges with silicone glue.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] Cadmium telluride solar panel production and vertical visible and horizontal invisible curtain wall assembly

[0060] Select a piece of conductive glass with a size of 2272mm*1128mm*3mm, and deposit cadmium telluride on the glass surface with a deposition thickness of about 1 micron. The cadmium telluride battery chip is completed.

[0061] Cut a piece of ultra-clear high-transmittance glass, size 2272mm*1128mm*3.2mm.

[0062] The glass is sent into the tempering furnace and tempered at 600°C for 20 minutes.

[0063] After the glass cools down to room temperature, TPT, EVA, cadmium telluride battery chip (backlight side facing up), EVA, and tempered glass are stacked together from top to bottom.

[0064] EVA and TPT have reserved holes for junction boxes.

[0065] The above-mentioned laminated body is sent into a laminator, and the preform is manufactured after 400 seconds under a vacuum environment and at an ambient temperature of 150°C.

[0066] Open the laminator and pull out the preform, with the panel glass facing down and the TPT facing up.

[0067] The prefabricated parts are placed at room temperature. Cover them with 2272mm*1128mm EVA, and then cover them with 2272*1128*3mm aluminum direct expansion evaporative collector plates. The EVA and collector plates are reserved with junction box holes. The collector plates are equipped with water inlet (outlet) pipe heads, and the pipe head height does not exceed 4 mm.

[0068] The prefabricated parts, EVA and heat collecting panels are put into the laminator. In the laminator, at an ambient temperature of 150°C, the secondary lamination of the solar panel is completed after 400 seconds. The overall thickness of the solar panel is "3mm+3.3mm+0.1mm+3mm=9.4mm".

[0069] Install the junction box on the back of the solar panel. The solar panel produced by this process and procedure has a power generation capacity of about 380W, a heating capacity of about 400W, and a weight of about 45kg.

[0070] Install the curtain wall main frame embedded parts in the wall interlayer ring beam, install the collector plate inlet and return pipe support embedded parts in the wall, and fix the clips on the collector plate inlet (return) pipe embedded parts on the wall.

[0071] The vertical aluminum alloy "□-shaped" main frame is anchored on the embedded parts of the upper and lower ring beams by bolts. The height of the main frame is consistent with the floor height. The horizontal spacing of the main frame is 6290mm, the cross-sectional size of the main frame is 200mm*100mm, and the wall thickness of the main frame is 4mm.

[0072] Install the collector plate inlet (return) water pipe into the horizontal clip and fix it, connect the collector plate inlet (return) water pipe and the flexible connecting pipe, and connect the heat exchanger on the same layer at the same time.

[0073] Drill holes on the side of the main frame to reserve holes for the power branch lines.

[0074] At the center elevation of the lower ring beam, close to the outer edge of the main frame, install an aluminum alloy "□-shaped" sub-frame. The cross-sectional size of the sub-frame is 150mm*150mm, and the wall thickness is 3mm.

[0075] The vertical bracket is riveted to the outside of the main frame by bolts. The bracket is 70mm thick and protrudes 30mm from the outer side of the polycarbonate sheet. The polycarbonate sheet socket and the outer buckle plate buckle are reserved on the outside of the bracket.

[0076] The sub-frame is riveted to the bracket by bolts, and the thickness of the bracket is 40mm. The outer side of the bracket is reserved for the bonding components of the solar panel.

[0077] Place the solar panel in the vertical notch of the main frame bracket, and connect the water inlet (outlet) pipe head on the back of the solar panel with the flexible water inlet (outlet) pipe.

[0078] Connect the junction box on the back of the solar panel to the power branch line in the bridge.

[0079] Adjust the position of the sun panel and seal the edges with silicone glue.

[0080] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field and related fields without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The structures, devices and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention are implemented according to the conventional means in the field unless otherwise specified and limited.

Claims

1. A solar panel curtain wall with cogeneration function and its production and assembly method, including a panel subsystem and an auxiliary material subsystem. The panel subsystem is composed of panel glass (1), pattern printing layer (if any) (2), EVA adhesive layer (3), battery chip (4), EVA adhesive layer (5), TPT isolation layer (5), EVA adhesive layer (7), heat collecting plate (8) and insulation plate (if any) (9) from outside to inside. The panel subsystem is produced by prefabrication lamination method, in which the prefabricated parts are produced by one lamination and the solar panel is produced by two laminations. The auxiliary material subsystem includes a power subsystem, a water supply and return subsystem, and a structural subsystem.

2. The panel glass according to claim 1 is made of ultra-white high-transmittance glass with a transmittance of 91%-98% and a glass thickness of not less than 3mm.

3. According to claim 1, the battery chip (4) can be made of four materials: crystalline silicon, cadmium telluride, perovskite, and copper indium gallium selenide. If crystalline silicon is selected, the crystalline silicon battery cell (4-1) is called a battery chip (4). The manufacturing method is to first stack TPT (6), EVA (5), crystalline silicon battery cell (4-1) (light-receiving side facing down), EVA (3), and panel glass (1) in sequence from top to bottom, and send them into a laminator for primary lamination to complete the preform manufacturing. Then, the preform is placed with the light-facing side facing down, and EVA (7) and a heat collecting plate (8) are stacked on it in sequence, and then enter a laminator for secondary lamination to complete the solar panel manufacturing. If cadmium telluride or perovskite is selected, the cadmium telluride or perovskite material (4-3) is first deposited on the backlight side of the conductive glass (4-2) to complete the battery chip (4). The panel glass (1), EVA (2), cadmium telluride or perovskite battery chip (4) (facing the light downward), EVA (5), and TPT (6) are then stacked together from bottom to top and sent to a laminator for lamination to complete the prefabricated part. The prefabricated part, EVA (7) and the heat collecting plate (8) are then stacked together from bottom to top and laminated for a second time to complete the production of the solar panel. If copper indium gallium selenide is selected, the copper indium gallium selenide material (4-4) is deposited on the light-facing side of the glass (4-5) to complete the production of the battery chip (4). The panel glass (1), EVA (2), and the copper indium gallium selenide battery chip (facing the light downward) (4) are then stacked together from bottom to top in sequence and sent to a laminator for lamination to complete the production of the prefabricated part. The formed prefabricated part is then laminated together with the heat collecting plate (6) through EVA (5) to complete the production of the solar panel. After the secondary lamination, the peel strength of the solar panel is ≮50N / cm, and the average cross-linking degree is greater than 60%. A junction box (13) should be reserved at the external wire of the battery chip (4) in the middle of all types of solar panels. The junction box (13) penetrates the structural layers on the back of the battery chip (4) and is connected to the photovoltaic string wire (14). Both the primary lamination and the secondary lamination are required to be carried out at a temperature of 140℃-160℃ in a vacuum environment, and the lamination time must not be less than 300 seconds.

4. The heat collecting plate (8) according to claim 1 can be divided into two types: a flow collector plate and an evaporation collector plate. The heat medium in the flow collector plate is water or a special antifreeze (mainly ethylene glycol), and the heat medium in the evaporation collector plate is Freon (including R22, R32, R134a, etc.). The upper and lower ends of the heat collecting plate should be reserved for water inlet pipe joints (10) and water outlet pipe joints (11).

5. The power subsystem according to claim 1 comprises photovoltaic string wires (14), power branches (15), inverters (16), junction boxes (17), and ammeters (18). A junction box (13) is installed behind the battery chip (4) and connected to the photovoltaic string wires (14). The photovoltaic string wires of a unit are connected to the power branch line (15), the branch line is connected to the inverter (16), and the power lead wire of the inverter (16) is connected to the junction box (17). The power lead wire of the junction box (17) is connected to the public circuit through the ammeter (18).

6. The water inlet and return subsystem according to claim 1 comprises a water inlet pipe (10) and a water return pipe (11) of a heat collector, a water pump (19), a heat exchanger (or a host) (20), a water supply pipe (22), a water tank (23), and a water meter (24). A water inlet pipe joint (10) and a water outlet pipe joint (11) are reserved on the backlight surface of the heat collector (8). The water inlet (outlet) pipe joints (10, 11) are respectively connected to the water inlet pipe (10) and the water return pipe (11) of the heat collector through a flexible connecting pipe (12). The water inlet (return) pipes (10, 11) of the heat collector are both installed with a water pump (19) and are both connected to the heat exchanger or the host (20). The heat exchanger (20) is connected to an external municipal pipeline and is connected to a water tank (23) and a water meter (24) in sequence through a water supply pipe (22) equipped with a check valve (21), and is connected to an external water supply main pipe.

7. The structural subsystem according to claim 1 is a frame curtain wall system, comprising a main frame (25), a secondary frame (26), and a bracket (27). The main frame (25) is connected and fixed to the load-bearing structural components of the building through embedded parts (28), the secondary frame (26) is connected and fixed to the main frame (25) through bolts, and the bracket (27) is connected to the main frame (25) and the secondary frame (26) through bolts, fixed and supports the solar panel.

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