Centrifugal machine with single supporting structure

Abstract

The invention relates to a centrifugal extractor, in particular to a centrifugal machine with a single supporting structure. A centrifugal machine with a single supporting structure comprises a shell and a rotary drum assembled in the shell, a rotary drum rotating shaft is arranged at the axis of the rotary drum, an upper bearing for rotationally supporting the rotary drum rotating shaft is arranged at the upper end of the rotary drum rotating shaft, the rotary drum rotating shaft is a hollow shaft, and the top of the shell is connected with a rotary drum supporting shaft overhanging downwards. The rotary drum supporting shaft extends into the rotary drum rotating shaft and extends downwards; a lower bearing is arranged between the rotary drum supporting shaft and the rotary drum rotating shaft, and a sealing structure used for sealing the lower bearing in the rotary drum rotating shaft is arranged on the rotary drum rotating shaft; a through hole extending up and down is formed in the axis of the rotary drum supporting shaft, a driving shaft used for being connected with a rotary drum driving device is arranged in the through hole, and a torque transmission structure used for driving the rotary drum to rotate is arranged between the lower end of the driving shaft and the rotary drum rotating shaft. The centrifugal extractor can solve the problems of large axial space occupation, complex sealing structure and high maintenance cost after the lower bearing is added to the existing centrifugal extractor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a centrifugal extractor, in particular to a centrifugal extractor with a single supporting structure. Background Art

[0002] The large flow centrifugal extractors currently on the market usually have two significant structural features: one is that in order to meet the large flow processing requirements, the external dimensions are large, especially the height is high; the other is that the aspect ratio of the drum and the aspect ratio of the drum shaft used to rotate the drum and assembled on the shell are both relatively large, which will affect the overall stability. These two structural features of large flow centrifugal extractors will cause transportation difficulties, especially for export models, which generally need to be transported by container, and the overall height of some large flow centrifugal extractors is often higher than the maximum height of the international standard container of 2698mm, which makes internationalization difficult.

[0003] In addition, the load on the drum shaft of a large flow centrifugal extractor is relatively large when it is working. If a single-point support is used at the top, that is, only a bearing is set at the top of the drum shaft, and the drum is in a hoisted state, such a mechanism will cause the overhang length of the drum shaft to be too long, and it is difficult to ensure the operating stability. Therefore, a large flow centrifugal extractor can generally only adopt an upper and lower double-point support structure, that is, an upper bearing is set at the top of the drum shaft to form an upper fulcrum, and a lower bearing is set at the bottom of the drum shaft to form a lower fulcrum, such as the upper bearing and lower bearing structure used in the liquid-liquid two-phase mixing-separation device disclosed in the Chinese utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN201899900U.

[0004] The upper and lower double-point support structure will cause the lower bearing to be located at the bottom of the equipment and buried in the material. This requires a sealing structure to be set above the lower bearing. In order to meet the rotation assembly requirements and sealing effect, the sealing structure generally uses a mechanical seal. However, the installation of a mechanical seal will complicate the bottom structure of the equipment, and the mechanical seal is a vulnerable part that needs to be replaced frequently. Each replacement requires the equipment to be shut down for a long time, which will greatly increase maintenance costs and reduce production efficiency. In addition, after the lower bearing structure is added to the lower end of the drum shaft, the lower bearing structure and the sealing structure will occupy a certain axial space, resulting in a further increase in the height of the centrifugal extractor. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a single-support structure centrifuge to solve the problems that when the flow rate needs to be increased, the cantilever beam of the single-support centrifugal extractor has low bending stiffness and strength, unstable operation, and the double-support centrifugal extractor has a complex sealing structure and high maintenance cost.

[0006] The single support structure centrifuge of the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A single-support structure centrifuge comprises a shell, a drum assembled in the shell, a drum shaft is arranged at the axis center of the drum, an upper bearing for rotationally supporting the drum shaft is arranged at the upper end of the drum shaft, the drum shaft is a hollow shaft, a downwardly cantilevered drum support shaft is connected to the top of the shell, the drum support shaft extends into the drum shaft and extends downward; a lower bearing is arranged between the drum support shaft and the drum shaft, a sealing structure for sealing the lower bearing in the drum shaft is arranged on the drum shaft; a through hole extending up and down is arranged at the axis center of the drum support shaft, a drive shaft for connecting to a drum driving device is arranged in the through hole, and a torque transmission structure for driving the drum to rotate is arranged between the lower end of the drive shaft and the drum shaft.

[0008] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that by setting the drum shaft as a hollow shaft, the drum support shaft arranged on the shell body can extend from the hollow shaft into the drum shaft, so that the drum shaft and the drum support shaft are supported by the lower bearing, which meets the demand for a larger load on the drum shaft; the lower bearing is sunk into the drum, which not only does not occupy additional axial space, but also reduces the length of the drum cantilever, reduces the vibration amplitude, and improves the stability of the drum. On the other hand, under the same imbalance, the radial force on the upper and lower bearings is significantly reduced, and the service life is increased; the relative position between the drum shaft and the drum is fixed, and the seal on the drum shaft is a static seal with a simple structure and easy maintenance; in addition, a through hole is provided on the drum support shaft, which can realize the setting of the drive shaft and then realize the driving of the drum. Compared with the prior art which requires the use of a complex, costly and easily damaged mechanical seal at the lower end of the drum shaft when upper and lower double-point supports are required, the lower bearing of the centrifuge with a single support structure in the present invention does not need to occupy additional axial space, and adopts a static sealing structure with a simple structure and low component and maintenance costs.

[0009] As a further limited technical solution: a sealing cover is provided below the lower bearing in the rotating shaft of the drum, and the sealing structure is formed by the sealing cover.

[0010] The beneficial effect of the technical solution further defined above is that the blocking cover provided below the lower bearing is used as a sealing structure, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly and easy for maintenance.

[0011] As a further limited technical solution: the drive shaft and the drum shaft are both fixed to the blocking cover, and the torque transmission structure is formed by the blocking cover.

[0012] The beneficial effect of the technical solution further defined above is that the blocking cover can simultaneously play a sealing role and a torque transmission role, which is beneficial to reducing the number of parts and simplifying the disassembly and assembly process, and is low in cost.

[0013] As a further limited technical solution: an axial stop fit is formed between the blocking cover and the lower bearing for axially positioning the lower bearing.

[0014] The beneficial effect of the technical solution further defined above is that the blocking cover and the lower bearing form an axial stop fit, which can save a separately set bearing positioning structure and is beneficial to reducing the number of parts.

[0015] As a further limited technical solution: the upper end of the drum shaft extends out of the drum, an upper bearing seat is provided on the top of the shell, and the upper bearing is arranged between the radial outer side of the drum shaft and the upper bearing seat.

[0016] The beneficial effect of the technical solution further defined above is that a stable and reliable upper support point can be formed through the upper bearing seat on the top of the shell, thereby ensuring the stable rotation of the drum.

[0017] As a further limited technical solution: a supporting bearing is provided between the top end of the drum support shaft and the drive shaft, for keeping the drive shaft and the drum support shaft aligned.

[0018] The beneficial effect of the technical solution further defined above is that the provision of a supporting bearing can achieve radial positioning of the upper end of the drive shaft, improve the operating stability of the drive shaft, and can set the distance between the drive shaft and the drum support shaft to be smaller, thereby reducing radial space occupancy.

[0019] As a further limited technical solution: a support shaft fixing seat is provided on the top of the shell, a support shaft fixing seat is provided with a support shaft through hole, the top end of the drum support shaft passes through the support shaft through hole, and forms radial positioning with the hole wall of the support shaft through hole.

[0020] The beneficial effect of the technical solution further defined above is that the drum support shaft can be formed into a support section with a certain length by perforating the support shaft, thereby achieving a stronger anti-swaying effect, so that the drum support shaft can form a more stable support for the lower bearing of the drum.

[0021] As a further limited technical solution: the top of the drum support shaft is provided with a truncated cone section which is thin at the top and thick at the bottom, and the support shaft through hole is a conical hole adapted to the truncated cone section; a threaded section is provided on the drum support shaft above the truncated cone section, the threaded section passes through the top of the support shaft through hole and is connected to a support shaft locking nut, and the lower end face of the support shaft locking nut is supported on the support shaft fixing seat so that the outer circumferential surface of the truncated cone section is in close contact with the conical hole.

[0022] The beneficial effect of the technical solution further defined above is that the cooperation between the truncated cone section and the tapered hole can achieve automatic centering, ensuring that the drum support shaft is in a vertical state, and can rely on the support shaft locking nut to achieve reliable fixation of the drum support shaft, which is beneficial to improving the rotation stability of the drum.

[0023] As a further limited technical solution: the upper bearing is arranged in the annular space formed between the outer circumferential surface of the drum support shaft and the inner wall of the drum shaft, the top end of the drum shaft is located in the drum mounting cavity in the shell, and the lower bearing is also located in the drum mounting cavity.

[0024] The beneficial effect of the technical solution further defined above is that it can reduce the space occupied by the upper bearing and further control the axial size of the centrifugal extractor.

[0025] As a further limited technical solution: an upper bearing sealing structure located above the upper bearing is provided between the drum support shaft and the drum rotating shaft.

[0026] The beneficial effect of the technical solution further defined above is that it can avoid the risk of liquid entering the upper bearing after the upper bearing is arranged in the drum installation cavity, which is conducive to ensuring the reliable operation of the drum. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single support structure centrifuge according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a centrifuge with a single support structure according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single support structure centrifuge according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of another form of Example 3 of the single-support structure centrifuge in the present invention.

[0031] The names of the components corresponding to the corresponding reference numerals in the figure are: 11. shell; 12. upper sealing plate; 13. lower flange of bearing seat; 14. support shaft fixing seat; 15. support shaft through hole; 21. drum support shaft; 22. support shaft locking nut; 23. cooling channel; 31. motor bracket; 32. drum driving device; 33. coupling; 34. drive shaft; 35. support bearing; 41. drum; 42. drum rotating shaft; 51. upper bearing; 52. upper bearing seat; 53. bearing pressure ring; 54. pressure ring locking nut; 55. skeleton oil seal; 61. lower bearing; 62. sealing cover; 71. transmission protection cover; 81. bearing outer ring support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention, that is, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0033] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that, in the specific implementation of the present invention, the terms that may appear, such as "first" and "second", etc., are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms that may appear, such as "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements that are not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the phrase "including a ..." and other defined elements that may appear do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" that may appear should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "provided with" that may appear should be understood in a broad sense. For example, the object "provided with" may be a part of the body, or may be arranged separately from the body and connected to the body, and the connection may be a detachable connection or an inseparable connection. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0038] Embodiment 1 of the centrifuge with a single support structure in the present invention:

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the single-support structure centrifuge includes a shell 11, in which a drum 41 is rotatably mounted, an upper sealing plate 12 is provided on the top of the shell 11, a motor bracket 31 is fixed on the upper sealing plate 12, and a driving motor serving as a drum driving device 32 is fixed on the motor bracket 31.

[0040] A drum shaft 42 for rotating under the drive of a driving motor is fixed at the axis of the drum 41, and the drum 41 is rotatably assembled on the housing 11 through the drum shaft 42. The drum shaft 42 adopts a hoisting structure, and the upper end extends out of the drum 41 and is hoisted on the housing 11 through an upper bearing 51. Specifically, the housing 11 includes a bearing seat lower flange 13 fixed to the housing body, and an upper bearing seat 52 is fixed on the bearing seat lower flange 13; two upper bearings 51 are assembled in the bearing chamber formed by the upper bearing seat 52, and the outer ring of the upper bearing 51 is axially supported on the upper bearing seat 52 and positioned radially; the inner ring of the upper bearing 51 is sleeved on the drum shaft 42, and the lower end of the inner ring is supported on the shoulder on the drum shaft 42, and the upper end is locked by a clamping structure provided on the drum shaft 42. The clamping structure in this embodiment includes a bearing pressure ring 53 and a pressure ring locking nut 54. Of course, for the hanging drum, whether it is the centrifugal extractor in the prior art or the centrifugal extractor in the present invention, an axial support structure must be provided between the drum shaft 42 and the corresponding bearing to bear the weight of the drum 41. In this embodiment, the upper bearing 51 should be a bearing that can bear the weight of the drum 41, such as an angular contact thrust bearing, and the bearing pressure ring 53 and the pressure ring locking nut 54 are used as the axial support structure to realize the transmission of the supporting force. In order to prevent the liquid in the drum installation cavity from entering the upper bearing chamber, a sealing seat is provided below the lower flange 13 of the bearing seat, and a skeleton oil seal 55 is provided between the sealing seat and the drum shaft 42.

[0041] The upper bearing 51 forms an upper fulcrum at the top of the drum shaft 42. In order to meet the requirement of a large load on the drum shaft 42 of a large flow centrifugal extractor, a lower bearing 61 is correspondingly provided at the bottom of the drum shaft 42 to form a lower fulcrum. In order to avoid the problem of difficulty in sealing caused by directly providing the lower bearing 61 between the bottom of the drum shaft 42 and the housing 11 in the prior art, the lower bearing 61 is provided inside the drum shaft 42 in the present invention. Specifically, an inner ring platform is provided at the bottom end of the drum shaft 42 to form a lower bearing seat, the outer ring of the lower bearing 61 is supported on the inner ring platform, and a blocking cover 62 is provided at the bottom opening of the drum shaft 42. The blocking cover 62 is fixed to the lower end surface of the drum shaft 42 by screws passing upward, pressing the lower bearing 61 against the inner ring platform, and forming a sealing structure to seal the lower bearing 61 inside the drum shaft 42.

[0042] In order to form a lower fulcrum, the housing 11 further includes a support shaft fixing seat 14, on which a drum support shaft 21 is fixed. The drum support shaft 21 is cantilevered downward, extends into the drum shaft 42 and extends to the bottom of the drum 41. The inner ring of the lower bearing 61 is arranged on the drum support shaft 21, and provides radial support for the drum shaft 42. Considering the simplicity of the structure, no lower bearing clamping structure is provided on the drum support shaft 21, and the lower bearing 61 only provides radial support, and does not provide axial support for the drum shaft 42. In order to achieve the fixation of the drum support shaft 21 on the housing 11, a truncated cone section with a thin top and a thick bottom is provided at the top of the drum support shaft 21, and a conical hole adapted to the truncated cone section is provided on the support shaft fixing seat 14 as a support shaft through hole 15. The top of the drum support shaft 21 passes through the support shaft through hole 15, and forms a radial positioning with the hole wall of the support shaft through hole 15, and can achieve automatic centering by relying on the outer peripheral surface of the truncated cone section. A threaded section is provided on the drum support shaft 21 above the truncated cone section, the threaded section passes through the top of the support shaft through hole 15 and is connected to the support shaft locking nut 22, the lower end surface of the support shaft locking nut 22 is supported on the support shaft fixing seat 14, so that the outer circumference of the truncated cone section is in close contact with the tapered hole, the drum support shaft 21 is fixedly installed, and automatic centering can be achieved to ensure that the drum support shaft 21 is in a vertical state. Since the drum support shaft 21 and the hole wall of the support shaft through hole 15 form a radial positioning, a support section can be formed, so that a strong anti-swaying effect can be achieved, providing stable support for the lower fulcrum of the drum 41.

[0043] In order to achieve the drive of the drum 41, the drum support shaft 21 is a hollow structure, and the axis is provided with a through hole extending up and down. The output shaft of the driving device is connected to the drive shaft 34 through a coupling 33. The lower end surface of the drive shaft 34 is provided with a threaded hole, and the plugging cover 62 is provided with a screw through hole. The drive shaft 34 is fixedly connected to the plugging cover 62 through screws; the plugging cover 62 is provided with a flange structure, which is fixedly connected to the bottom end surface of the drum 41. The plugging cover 62 also forms a torque transmission structure for driving the drum 41 to rotate. In order to improve the operating stability of the drive shaft, a support bearing 35 is provided between the top end of the drum support shaft 21 and the drive shaft 34, which is used to keep the drive shaft 34 and the drum support shaft 21 aligned.

[0044] In addition, a cooling channel 23 is provided in the drum support shaft 21. The cooling channel 23 has a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet located at the top of the drum support shaft 21. The cooling channel is folded up and down in the drum support shaft 21 to effectively cool the drum support shaft 21. It should be noted that only one cooling channel 23 can be seen in the figure, and the rest are not cut away.

[0045] When the above-mentioned single-support structure centrifuge is working, the upper end of the drum shaft 42 is supported on the upper bearing seat 52 through the upper fulcrum formed by the upper bearing 51, and the lower end of the drum shaft 42 is supported on the bottom end of the drum support shaft 21 through the lower fulcrum formed by the lower bearing 61. While realizing the upper and lower double fulcrum support, the hollow drum support shaft 21 can be used to realize the setting of the drive shaft 34, thereby realizing the driving of the drum 41, and the lower fulcrum is sunk into the drum 41, which will not occupy additional axial space. At the same time, the seal at the bottom of the drum shaft 42 is a static seal, which has a simple structure and is easy to maintain.

[0046] Embodiment 2 of the centrifuge with a single support structure in the present invention:

[0047] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in embodiment 1, the drum driving device 32 is coaxially arranged with the drum shaft 42. Figure 2 As shown, the drum driving device 32 is offset to one side of the upper bearing 51 and arranged parallel to the drum shaft 42. The output shaft of the drum driving device 32 is connected to the drum shaft 42 through a transmission mechanism, and a transmission protection cover 71 is provided for protection. The transmission mechanism can be a belt drive, a gear drive, etc.

[0048] Embodiment 3 of the centrifuge with a single support structure in the present invention:

[0049] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in embodiment 1, the upper fulcrum formed by the upper bearing 51 is located above the upper sealing plate 12 of the housing 11. In this embodiment, the upper fulcrum formed by the upper bearing 51 is located below the upper sealing plate 12 of the housing 11. Specifically, Figure 3As shown, the top of the drum shaft 42 is lower than the upper sealing plate 12 of the shell 11, and is located inside the drum installation cavity in the shell 11. The upper bearing 51 is arranged in the annular space formed between the outer peripheral surface of the drum support shaft 21 and the inner wall of the drum shaft 42. Specifically, the top of the drum shaft 42 is provided with a bearing outer ring support 81 on the inner wall, and the upper bearing 51 is supported on the bearing outer ring support 81. The top of the drum support shaft 21 is provided with an upper bearing pressure cover above the bearing outer ring support 81, and a sealing member is provided between the upper bearing pressure cover and the drum support shaft 21. The sealing member forms an upper bearing sealing structure to prevent the liquid from entering the upper bearing 51. The inner ring of the upper bearing 51 is sleeved on the drum support shaft 21 and positioned by the axial positioning structure. As in Example 1, the weight of the drum 41 is borne by the upper bearing 51, and the drum drive device 32 is located directly above the upper bearing 51. In addition, unlike Example 1, the extended length of the drum support shaft in the drum shaft is smaller than the length of the drum shaft, and the lower end of the drum support shaft is located in the upper middle part of the drum shaft, and the lower bearing installed at the lower end of the drum support shaft is located in the upper middle part of the drum shaft.

[0050] An embodiment similar to embodiment 3, such as Figure 4 As shown, the drum driving device 32 is offset to one side of the upper bearing 51 and arranged parallel to the drum shaft 42. The output shaft of the drum driving device 32 is connected to the drum shaft 42 through a transmission mechanism, and a transmission protection cover 71 is provided for protection. The transmission mechanism can be a belt drive, a gear drive, etc.

[0051] Embodiment 4 of the centrifuge with a single support structure in the present invention:

[0052] The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that in the embodiment 1, a blocking cover 62 is provided at the bottom end opening of the drum shaft 42, and the blocking cover 62 forms a sealing structure, and can also axially position the lower bearing 61, and forms a torque transmission structure to transmit the power of the drive shaft 34 to the drum shaft 42. In this embodiment, the blocking cover 62 is only used to block the bottom end opening of the drum shaft 42, and the torque transmission structure is formed by a key transmission structure arranged above the blocking cover 62 and the lower bearing 61.

[0053] In other embodiments, the blocking cover 62 may also be used only to seal the bottom end opening of the drum shaft 42, while the axial positioning of the lower bearing 61 is formed by a separate structure.

[0054] Embodiment 5 of the centrifuge with a single support structure in the present invention:

[0055] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in embodiment 1, a support shaft through hole 15 is provided on the support shaft fixing seat 14, and the top end of the drum support shaft 21 passes through the support shaft through hole 15 and forms a radial positioning with the support shaft through hole 15. In this embodiment, a connecting flange is provided at the top end of the drum support shaft 21, and is fixed to the support shaft fixing seat 14 through the flange structure.

[0056] In other embodiments, the drum support shaft 21 may also be fixed in other ways, such as providing an external thread on the top of the drum support shaft 21 and fixing it through a threaded connection.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The patent protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the claims. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention should also be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A centrifuge with a single support structure, comprising a housing (11), a drum (41) assembled in the housing (11), a drum shaft (42) being arranged at the axis of the drum (41), an upper bearing being arranged at the upper end of the drum shaft for rotationally supporting the drum shaft, characterized in that: The drum shaft (42) is a hollow shaft. The top of the shell (11) is connected to a drum support shaft (21) that is cantilevered downward. The drum support shaft (21) extends into the drum shaft (42) and extends downward. A lower bearing is provided between the drum support shaft (21) and the drum shaft (42). A sealing structure for sealing the lower bearing (61) in the drum shaft (42) is provided on the drum shaft (42). A through hole extending upward and downward is provided at the axis of the drum support shaft (21). A drive shaft (34) for connecting to a drum drive device (32) is provided in the through hole. A torque transmission structure for driving the drum (41) to rotate is provided between the lower end of the drive shaft (34) and the drum shaft (42).

2. The single support structure centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing cover (62) is provided inside the drum shaft (42) below the lower bearing, and the sealing structure is formed by the sealing cover (62).

3. The single support structure centrifuge according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving shaft (34) and the rotating drum shaft are both fixed to the blocking cover (62), and the torque transmission structure is formed by the blocking cover (62).

4. The single support structure centrifuge according to claim 2, characterized in that: An axial stop fit is formed between the blocking cover (62) and the lower bearing (61), which is used to axially position the lower bearing (61).

5. The single support structure centrifuge according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The upper end of the drum shaft (42) extends out of the drum (41), an upper bearing seat (52) is provided at the top of the shell (11), and the upper bearing (51) is arranged between the radial outer side of the drum shaft (42) and the upper bearing seat (52).

6. The single support structure centrifuge according to claim 5, characterized in that: A supporting bearing is provided between the top end of the drum support shaft (21) and the drive shaft (34), and is used to keep the drive shaft (34) and the drum support shaft (21) aligned.

7. The single support structure centrifuge according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A support shaft fixing seat (14) is provided on the top of the shell (11), and a support shaft through hole (15) is provided on the support shaft fixing seat (14). The top end of the drum support shaft (21) passes through the support shaft through hole (15) to form a radial positioning with the hole wall of the support shaft through hole (15).

8. The single support structure centrifuge according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top of the drum support shaft (21) is provided with a truncated cone section which is thin at the top and thick at the bottom, and the support shaft through hole (15) is a tapered hole adapted to the truncated cone section; a threaded section is provided on the drum support shaft (21) above the truncated cone section, the threaded section passes through the top of the support shaft through hole (15) and is connected to a support shaft locking nut (22), and the lower end surface of the support shaft locking nut (22) is supported on the support shaft fixing seat (14), so that the outer peripheral surface of the truncated cone section is in close contact with the tapered hole.

9. The single support structure centrifuge according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The upper bearing (51) is arranged in the annular space formed between the outer peripheral surface of the drum support shaft (21) and the inner wall of the drum shaft (42). The top end of the drum shaft (42) is located in the drum installation cavity in the shell (11). The lower bearing (61) is also located in the drum installation cavity.

10. The single support structure centrifuge according to claim 9, characterized in that: An upper bearing sealing structure located above the upper bearing (51) is provided between the drum support shaft (21) and the drum rotating shaft (42).

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