A method and system for purifying high-temperature flue gas at a fire scene

Abstract

This application relates to the field of air purification and separation, and particularly relates to a method and system for purifying high-temperature flue gas at a fire scene, including: a flue gas duct containing a spiral air duct, a fire-fighting high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe, and a separator heating pipe in a purification device form a closed loop; the closed loop transfers the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas in the spiral air duct to the flue gas separator wound by the separator heating pipe, and the controller regulates the temperature transfer process by controlling the solenoid valve, so that the temperature error of all flue gas purification chambers is minimized and the ventilation volume difference between the solenoid valves is maximized. This application provides purification efficiency while ensuring the heat recovery efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of air purification and separation, and particularly to a method and system for purifying high-temperature flue gas at a fire scene. Background Art

[0002] At a fire scene, a large amount of toxic high-temperature flue gas is generated during flame combustion, posing a great threat to the safety of residents around the fire scene. Therefore, it is crucial to effectively purify the high-temperature flue gas at the fire scene.

[0003] At present, common methods for purifying high-temperature flue gas at a fire scene include mechanical ventilation, positive pressure air supply, water spray, etc. After the air supply and water mist come into contact with the flue gas, the high-temperature flue gas is sent out or cooled and adsorbed. A fire safety passage with a flue gas purification function disclosed in CN207562234U isolates the high-temperature flue gas through a blower and multiple air guide plates. However, in the prior art, the purification process and heat recovery process of high-temperature flue gas are independent of each other. At the fire scene, only the high-temperature flue gas is discharged without being effectively and quickly purified simultaneously, and a large amount of high-temperature flue gas still has high potential safety hazards. Moreover, the high-temperature flue gas itself carries a large amount of heat energy, resulting in the inability to guarantee the heat exchange efficiency and the purification efficiency of the high-temperature flue gas when processing the high-temperature flue gas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above problems, this application provides a method and system for purifying high-temperature flue gas at a fire scene.

[0005] An embodiment of this application provides a method and system for purifying high-temperature flue gas at a fire scene. The system includes a purification device and a controller. The purification device includes: a flue gas inlet, a flue gas conduit, a heat exchanger, a flue gas separator, and a flue gas outlet. Among them, the flue gas conduit is spirally wound around the heat exchanger. The flue gas conduit spirally wound around the heat exchanger is denoted as a spiral conduit. Different parts of the spiral conduit are connected with a number of first heat distribution pipes, and all the first heat distribution pipes are connected to a fire high-temperature exhaust pipe; a separator heating pipe is wound around the flue gas separator. Different parts of the separator heating pipe are connected to the fire high-temperature exhaust pipe through a number of second heat distribution pipes, and one end of the separator heating pipe is connected to the spiral conduit; among them, the flue gas conduit, the first heat distribution pipes, the fire high-temperature exhaust pipe, the second heat distribution pipes, and the separator heating pipe form a closed loop;

[0006] A first electromagnetic valve is installed at the connection part between the first heat distribution pipe and the fire high-temperature exhaust pipe; a second electromagnetic valve is installed at the connection part between the second heat distribution pipe and the fire high-temperature exhaust pipe; the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are controlled by the controller;

[0007] The flue gas separator contains several flue gas purification chambers; when the purification device is working, high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the flue gas inlet, and the high-temperature flue gas is chemically filtered when passing through the flue gas purification chambers in the flue gas separator. At the same time, when the high-temperature flue gas flows through the separator heating pipe, the separator heating pipe provides the temperature required for chemical filtration for each flue gas purification chamber.

[0008] Preferably, the flue gas purification chamber includes: a denitrification chamber, a desulfurization chamber, and an organic removal chamber; the chemical filtration refers to removing nitrogen compounds, sulfur compounds, and organic substances in the denitrification chamber, desulfurization chamber, and organic removal chamber by means of chemical reactions.

[0009] Preferably, the flue gas separator includes a particle separation chamber, and there are several filter meshes in the particle separation chamber.

[0010] Preferably, the high-temperature flue gas first passes through the particle separation chamber in the flue gas separator, and then passes through each flue gas purification chamber.

[0011] Preferably, a centrifugal fan is installed on the fire-fighting high-temperature exhaust pipe.

[0012] An embodiment of the present application also provides a method for purifying high-temperature flue gas at a fire scene, using the above-mentioned high-temperature flue gas purification system at a fire scene. The method includes:

[0013] Obtain the optimal temperature range of each flue gas purification chamber, and number the first heat distribution pipes from small to large according to the flow direction of the high-temperature flue gas in the spiral guide pipe;

[0014] The number of the first electromagnetic valve is equal to the number of the first heat distribution pipe;

[0015] When the purification device is working, obtain the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber, and obtain the difference between the actual temperature and the optimal temperature range;

[0016] The difference between the actual temperature and the optimal temperature range is equal to: the difference between the actual temperature and the reference temperature within the optimal temperature range;

[0017] When the absolute value of the difference is greater than a preset first threshold, the controller changes the ventilation volume of the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve so that the temperature error of all flue gas purification chambers is minimized and the second difference is maximized;

[0018] Wherein the temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber is equal to the absolute value of the difference between the actual temperature and the optimal temperature range;

[0019] The second difference is equal to the difference between the sum of the ventilation volumes of the first electromagnetic valves with numbers less than a second preset threshold and the sum of the ventilation volumes of the first electromagnetic valves with numbers greater than or equal to the second preset threshold.

[0020] Preferably, the controller changes the air flow rate of the electromagnetic valve to minimize the temperature error and maximize the second difference in all flue gas purification chambers, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0021] The separator heating pipe wound around each flue gas purification chamber is denoted as the heating pipe on each flue gas purification chamber, the second heat distribution pipe connected to the heating pipe is denoted as the heat introduction pipe, and the second electromagnetic valve installed on the heat introduction pipe is briefly denoted as the second electromagnetic valve of each flue gas purification chamber;

[0022] D1: Keep the air flow rate of the first electromagnetic valve unchanged, read the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber. When the difference between the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber and the optimal temperature range is greater than th1, close the second electromagnetic valve of each flue gas purification chamber by a preset percentage. When the difference between the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber and the optimal temperature range is less than -th1, open the second electromagnetic valve of each flue gas purification chamber by a preset percentage, then read the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber again, and obtain the temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber; th1 represents a preset first threshold;

[0023] The difference between the actual temperature and the optimal temperature range is denoted as the first temperature difference of each flue gas purification chamber, and the average value of the first temperature differences of all flue gas purification chambers is denoted as F; when F is greater than or equal to 0, randomly close a first electromagnetic valve by a preset percentage, and when F is less than 0, randomly open a first electromagnetic valve by a preset percentage;

[0024] Repeat D1 until the temperature error of all flue gas purification chambers is minimized;

[0025] After the temperature error of all flue gas purification chambers is minimized, fine-tune the first electromagnetic valve according to the temperature error of all flue gas purification chambers to maximize the second difference.

[0026] Preferably, after the temperature error of all flue gas purification chambers is minimized, fine-tune the first electromagnetic valve according to the temperature error of all flue gas purification chambers to maximize the second difference, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0027] When the temperature error of all flue gas purification chambers is minimized, the temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber is denoted as Q0;

[0028] The first electromagnetic valves with numbers greater than or equal to the second preset threshold are denoted as type I valves, and the first electromagnetic valves with numbers less than the second preset threshold are denoted as type II valves;

[0029] Perform a fine-tuning on the first electromagnetic valve to obtain the fine-tuning efficiency after the first fine-tuning, including:

[0030] Close a randomly selected first electromagnetic valve in the second - type valves by a preset percentage, and at the same time, open a randomly selected first electromagnetic valve in the first - type valves by a preset percentage. Then, obtain the temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber again, denoted as Q. According to the difference between Q and Q0 and the difference in the ventilation volume between the first - type valves and the second - type valves, obtain the fine - tuning efficiency after one fine - tuning.

[0031] After performing several fine - tunings, obtain the fine - tuning process with the maximum fine - tuning efficiency. The ventilation volume of the first electromagnetic valve in the fine - tuning process with the maximum fine - tuning efficiency is denoted as the final ventilation volume, and the first electromagnetic valve conducts ventilation work with the final ventilation volume.

[0032] Preferably, the step of obtaining the fine - tuning efficiency after one fine - tuning according to the difference between Q and Q0 and the difference in the ventilation volume between the first - type valves and the second - type valves includes the following specific steps:

[0033] Denote Q0 - Q as the error correction offset of each flue gas purification chamber; denote the sum of the ventilation volumes of all first electromagnetic valves in the first - type valves as S1, and denote the sum of the ventilation volumes of all first electromagnetic valves in the second - type valves as S2; denote |S1 - S2| as the second difference, and denote the sum of the error correction offsets of all flue gas purification chambers and the second difference as the fine - tuning efficiency after one fine - tuning.

[0034] Preferably, the reference temperature within the optimal temperature range is the median of the optimal temperature range.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of this application are:

[0036] In this application, the flue gas duct, the fire - fighting high - temperature exhaust pipe, and the separator heating pipe form a closed loop, transferring the temperatures of different parts of the spiral duct to different parts of the separator heating pipe, so that the flue gas purification chambers in the flue gas separator have different temperatures, which are used for chemical filtration. This application applies the heat carried by the high - temperature flue gas in the spiral duct to chemical filtration, making rational use of the high - temperature flue gas.

[0037] Furthermore, by controlling the electromagnetic valves through a controller, the temperature error of all flue gas purification chambers is minimized and the second difference is maximized. On the one hand, the chemical filtration process in each flue gas purification chamber is at the optimal temperature, improving the purification efficiency of the high - temperature flue gas. On the other hand, more high - temperature flue gas with a higher temperature undergoes heat exchange, improving the heat recovery efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the purification device of a high-temperature flue gas purification system at the fire scene provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 2 It is the front view of the purification device of a high-temperature flue gas purification system at the fire scene provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the flue gas separator of a high-temperature flue gas purification system at the fire scene provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a flowchart of the steps of a high-temperature flue gas purification method at the fire scene provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] In the figure: 1. Flue gas inlet; 2. Flue gas conduit; 3. Heat exchanger; 4. Flue gas separator; 5. Flue gas outlet; 6. Fire high-temperature exhaust pipe; 7. First heat distribution pipe; 8. Separator heating pipe; 9. First solenoid valve; 10. Centrifugal fan; 11. Particle separation chamber; 12. Denitrification chamber; 13. Desulfurization chamber; 14. Organic removal chamber; 15. Second heat distribution pipe; 16. Second solenoid valve. Detailed implementation manners

[0044] In order to further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present application to achieve the intended invention purpose, the following, in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation manners, structures, features, and effects of a high-temperature flue gas purification method and system proposed according to the present application. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, the specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0045] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present application belongs.

[0046] The following specifically describes the specific solutions of a high-temperature flue gas purification method and system provided by the present application in combination with the accompanying drawings.

[0047] Embodiment 1:

[0048] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , which shows a high-temperature flue gas purification system provided in the first embodiment of the present application. The system includes a purification device and a controller. The device includes: a flue gas inlet 1, a flue gas conduit 2, a heat exchanger 3, a flue gas separator 4, and a flue gas outlet 5;

[0049] High-temperature flue gas flows in from the flue gas inlet 1, passes through the flue gas conduit 2 and flows through the heat exchanger 3. The heat exchanger 3 absorbs and transfers away the heat of the high-temperature flue gas in the flue gas conduit 2. Then, the high-temperature flue gas continues to flow along the flue gas conduit 2 and enters the flue gas separator 4. The flue gas separator 4 separates and filters the high-temperature flue gas, and the separated and filtered high-temperature flue gas is discharged from the flue gas outlet 5.

[0050] In this embodiment, the flue gas conduit 2 is spirally wound around the heat exchanger 3. The improved vertical lime kiln waste heat utilization system disclosed in CN221325128U discloses the specific structure spirally wound around the heat exchanger 3. In addition, a feasible structure of the heat exchanger 3 is also disclosed in a lime kiln high-temperature flue gas recycling device disclosed in CN221359047U. This embodiment will not specifically describe the specific structure involved in the spiral winding of the flue gas conduit 2 around the heat exchanger 3.

[0051] In this embodiment, a section of the flue gas conduit 2 spirally wound around the heat exchanger 3 is denoted as a spiral conduit. A plurality of first heat distribution pipes 7 are fixedly connected to different parts of the spiral conduit, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown. In this embodiment, there are 4 first heat distribution pipes 7, and in other embodiments, other numbers of first heat distribution pipes 7 can be connected.

[0052] The function of the first heat distribution pipe 7 is that the high-temperature flue gas flowing through different parts of the spiral conduit has different temperatures, and the first heat distribution pipe 7 is used to lead out the high-temperature flue gas at different temperatures.

[0053] Furthermore, all the first heat distribution pipes 7 are connected to the fire high-temperature exhaust pipe 6; the purpose is to mix the high-temperature flue gas at different temperatures led out by the first heat distribution pipes 7 in the fire high-temperature exhaust pipe 6.

[0054] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a separator heating pipe 8 is spirally wound around the flue gas separator 4. A plurality of second heat distribution pipes 15 are connected to different parts of the separator heating pipe 8, and the other ends of these second heat distribution pipes 15 are respectively connected to different parts of the fire high-temperature exhaust pipe 6.

[0055] The purpose of the above structure is to lead the high-temperature flue gas with different temperatures in the fire high-temperature exhaust pipe 6 into the separator heating pipe 8, and the high-temperature flue gas flowing into the separator heating pipe 8 is used to heat the flue gas separator 4.

[0056] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, one end of the separator heating pipe 8 (i.e., the end from which the high-temperature flue gas flows out) is connected to the spiral air guide pipe.

[0057] In this embodiment, the flue gas guide pipe 2, the first heat distribution pipe 7, the fire high-temperature exhaust pipe 6, the second heat distribution pipe 15, and the separator heating pipe 8 form a closed loop; that is, the high-temperature flue gas with a higher temperature flowing out from different parts of the spiral air guide pipe flows into the separator heating pipe 8 through the fire high-temperature exhaust pipe 6 to heat the flue gas separator 4, and then flows back into the spiral air guide pipe again. The high-temperature flue gas flowing back into the spiral air guide pipe and the high-temperature flue gas flowing in from the flue gas inlet 1 exchange heat when flowing through the heat exchanger 3 (that is, transfer the heat of the high-temperature flue gas).

[0058] The separator heating pipe 8 is wound around the flue gas separator 4 and provides heat to the flue gas separator 4. Specifically, the high-temperature flue gas in the separator heating pipe 8 transfers heat to the inside of the flue gas separator 4 through heat conduction, increasing the temperature inside the flue gas separator 4.

[0059] In this embodiment, in order to improve the efficiency of heat conduction, the material of the separator heating pipe 8 is set to copper, and the material of the position on the flue gas separator 4 in contact with the separator heating pipe 8 is also set to copper. In other embodiments, in order to prevent the heat in the separator heating pipe 8 from escaping into the air, a layer of heat insulation material is wrapped on the position of the separator heating pipe 8 that is not in contact with the flue gas separator 4. Since the method of improving the heat conduction efficiency is a conventional method in the industrial manufacturing field, other methods of improving the heat conduction efficiency will not be described in this embodiment.

[0060] In this embodiment, a centrifugal fan 10 is installed on the fire high-temperature exhaust pipe 6 so that the high-temperature flue gas can circulate in the above closed loop.

[0061] Further, a first electromagnetic valve 9 is installed at the connection part of the first heat distribution pipe 7 and the fire high-temperature exhaust pipe 6; a second electromagnetic valve 16 is installed at the connection part of the second heat distribution pipe 15 and the fire high-temperature exhaust pipe 6. For any one of all the first electromagnetic valves 9 and all the second electromagnetic valves 16, the controller can control the opening and closing of each electromagnetic valve, and further control the air volume of each electromagnetic valve; for example, controlling the electromagnetic valve to open 0% means controlling the air volume of the electromagnetic valve to be 0; controlling the electromagnetic valve to open 100% means controlling the air volume of the electromagnetic valve to be the maximum air volume; controlling the electromagnetic valve to open 10% or close 10% means controlling the air volume of the electromagnetic valve to increase by 10% or decrease by 10%.

[0062] It should be noted that the initial state of all the electromagnetic valves in this embodiment (i.e., the state when used for the first time) is that each electromagnetic valve is only opened 50%. When the electromagnetic valve is already in the fully closed or fully open state, if the electromagnetic valve continues to close or open, the electromagnetic valve remains in the fully closed or fully open state unchanged.

[0063] It should be noted that the high-temperature flue gas flowing out from different parts of the spiral gas guide pipe has different temperatures. By controlling the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve (i.e., the first electromagnetic valve 9), high-temperature flue gases with different temperatures can be mixed to obtain mixed gases with different temperatures. That is, by controlling the opening and closing of the first electromagnetic valve 9 (or by controlling the air volume of the first electromagnetic valve 9), the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas in the fire high-temperature exhaust pipe 6 can be controlled.

[0064] In addition, by controlling the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve (i.e., the second electromagnetic valve 16), the high-temperature flue gas in the fire high-temperature exhaust pipe 6 can also be transported to different positions of the separator heating pipe 8;

[0065] The air pressure at the inlet ends of all the second electromagnetic valves 16 in this embodiment is the same. If the closing amount (i.e., the air volume) of the second electromagnetic valve 16 is smaller, the mass of the high-temperature flue gas entering the second electromagnetic valve 16 is also smaller, then the heat carried by the high-temperature flue gas is less, and the heat transferred to the flue gas separator 4 is also less. The larger the closing amount (i.e., the air volume) of the second electromagnetic valve 16, the larger the mass of the high-temperature flue gas entering the second electromagnetic valve 16, then the more heat carried by the high-temperature flue gas, and the more heat transferred to the flue gas separator 4. Therefore, by changing the closing amount of each second electromagnetic valve 16, the heat entering different positions on the separator heating pipe 8 can be controlled, and thus the function of heating different positions of the flue gas separator 4 can be realized.

[0066] In addition, it should be noted that the two adjacent second electromagnetic valves 16 at any two positions on the separator heating pipe 8 are respectively denoted as valve a and valve b. In Figure 2The middle valve a is above the valve b. If the ventilation volume of valve a is less than that of valve b, at this time, the air pressure of valve a is less than that of valve b, and there is a tendency for the high-temperature flue gas of valve b to flow back to valve a. In addition, no matter how large the ventilation volume of valve a is (even if valve a is completely closed), there is always gas or air flow between valve a and valve b. Then, when the high-temperature flue gas of valve b flows back, it will surely contact the said gas or air flow, generating turbulence or laminar flow. In this embodiment, since the separator heating pipe 8 is spirally wound, the inhibitory effect on turbulence or laminar flow is relatively large. In addition, valve a and valve b are not adjacent to each other, so the influence brought by the tendency of backflow can be ignored. In addition, the high-temperature flue gas in the separator heating pipe 8 generally flows back to the flue gas guide pipe 2 from below, so the tendency of backflow is not obvious and can be ignored.

[0067] In other embodiments, the above-mentioned backflow phenomenon can be further inhibited by increasing the number of spiral windings of the separator heating pipe 8. Or a Tesla valve can be installed above the connection between the separator heating pipe 8 and valve b (i.e., the upstream of the air flow) to reduce the backflow.

[0068] In some other embodiments, one end of the flue gas separator 4 close to the flue gas exhaust port 5 is connected to a radiator with a heat-conducting pipe (or connected to the low-temperature end of the heat exchanger 3), so that the flue gas separator 4 has a temperature gradient, and different temperature ranges can be formed on the flue gas separator 4.

[0069] Generally speaking, the controller of this embodiment can distribute the heat of the high-temperature flue gas in the spiral guide pipe to different positions of the flue gas separator 4 by controlling the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve.

[0070] As Figure 3 shown, in this embodiment, the flue gas separator 4 includes a particle separation chamber 11, a denitrification chamber 12, a desulfurization chamber 13, and an organic removal chamber 14;

[0071] Among them, the particle separation chamber 11 is used to filter particles in the high-temperature flue gas and includes multiple layers of filter meshes; the denitrification chamber 12 is used to remove harmful compound gases containing nitrogen, such as nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide, the desulfurization chamber 13 is used to remove sulfur-containing compound gases, such as sulfur dioxide; the organic removal chamber 14 is used to remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as aldehydes and benzene organic compounds.

[0072] In this embodiment, the denitrification chamber 12, the desulfurization chamber 13, and the organic removal chamber 14 are denoted as flue gas purification chambers. The flue gas purification chambers are used for chemically filtering harmful or polluting gases in the high-temperature flue gas, and the said chemical filtering means removing the above substances by chemical reaction methods.

[0073] The high-temperature flue gas first passes through the particle separation chamber 11 in the flue gas separator 4, and then passes through each flue gas purification chamber.

[0074] Furthermore, when chemical filtration is carried out in each flue gas purification chamber, a suitable chemical reaction temperature is required. The controller of this embodiment controls the electromagnetic valve in the purification device to distribute the heat of the high-temperature flue gas in the spiral gas guide pipe to different positions of the flue gas separator 4, so that each flue gas purification chamber is at a suitable temperature and undergoes a chemical reaction. On the one hand, the heat of the high-temperature flue gas in the heat recovery process is effectively utilized. On the other hand, the flue gas purification chamber purifies and filters the high-temperature flue gas at a suitable temperature, improving the purification efficiency.

[0075] Embodiment 2:

[0076] This embodiment provides a method for purifying high-temperature flue gas at a fire scene, which uses the high-temperature flue gas purification system of Embodiment 1 to improve the purification efficiency of high-temperature flue gas; as Figure 4 shown, the method includes:

[0077] Step S001, obtain the optimal temperature range of each flue gas purification chamber.

[0078] The optimal temperature range of each flue gas purification chamber refers to the temperature range required for the chemical reaction. For example, in the denitrification chamber 12, selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology is used to remove harmful nitrogen oxides, and the required temperature range is [300 °C, 400 °C]; for another example, when removing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by catalytic oxidation technology, a noble metal catalyst is used, and the required temperature range is [200 °C, 300 °C]. The optimal temperature range of each flue gas purification chamber is related to the chemical reaction technology used and the catalyst used. In this embodiment, the optimal temperature range required for each technology and each catalyst is not listed one by one.

[0079] Step S002, number the first heat distribution pipes from small to large according to the flow direction of the high-temperature flue gas in the spiral gas guide pipe; the number of the first electromagnetic valve is equal to the number of the first heat distribution pipe.

[0080] Under the action of the heat exchanger 3, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas gradually decreases. In this embodiment, according to the flow direction of the high-temperature flue gas in the spiral gas guide pipe (that is, Figure 1 and Figure 2 the order from bottom to top in

[0081] Correspondingly, when the first electromagnetic valve 9 with a smaller number is opened, high-temperature flue gas at a higher temperature can flow into the fire-fighting high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe 6; when the first electromagnetic valve 9 with a larger number is opened, high-temperature flue gas at a lower temperature can flow into the fire-fighting high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe 6.

[0082] Step S003: When the purification device is working, obtain the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber and obtain the difference between the actual temperature and the optimal temperature range; for any one of the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve, when the absolute value of the difference is greater than a preset first threshold, the controller changes the ventilation volume of the electromagnetic valve so that the temperature error of all flue gas purification chambers is minimized and the second difference is maximized. The second difference is equal to the difference between the ventilation volume of the first electromagnetic valves with numbers less than the second preset threshold and the ventilation volume of the first electromagnetic valves with numbers greater than or equal to the second preset threshold.

[0083] In this embodiment, a temperature sensor is installed in each flue gas purification chamber, and the temperature value output by the temperature sensor per second is recorded as the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber.

[0084] As an example, the method for obtaining the difference between the actual temperature and the optimal temperature range is: record the median value of the optimal temperature range as the reference temperature of the optimal temperature range, and record the difference between the actual temperature and the reference temperature as the difference between the actual temperature and the optimal temperature range.

[0085] It should be noted that in other embodiments, other values within the optimal temperature range can be artificially specified as the reference temperature. For example, the left and right endpoints of the optimal temperature range can be used as the reference temperature, and the present application does not make specific limitations.

[0086] Furthermore, for any electromagnetic valve in the flue gas purification chamber and all the first electromagnetic valves 9 and the second electromagnetic valves 16, when the absolute value of the difference exists and is greater than the preset first threshold th1, it indicates that there is a flue gas purification chamber with a large difference between the actual temperature and the reference temperature. At this time, it is necessary to redistribute the heat of the high-temperature flue gas in different parts of the spiral air duct by controlling all the electromagnetic valves; that is: the controller changes the ventilation volume of the electromagnetic valve so that the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber changes. The absolute value of the difference between the changed actual temperature and the optimal temperature range is recorded as the temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber. After the controller changes the ventilation volume of the electromagnetic valve, the temperature error of all flue gas purification chambers is minimized and the second difference is maximized.

[0087] In this embodiment, th1 = 30 °C is used as an example for description, and in other embodiments, it can be set to other values, and the present application does not make specific limitations.

[0088] As an example, the steps included in that the controller changes the ventilation volume of the electromagnetic valve so that the temperature error of all flue gas purification chambers is minimized and the second difference is maximized are:

[0089] The separator heating pipe 8 is wound around the flue gas separator 4, and the flue gas separator 4 is divided into multiple flue gas purification chambers. Therefore, different parts of the separator heating pipe 8 are wound around different flue gas purification chambers. In this embodiment, the separator heating pipe 8 wound around each flue gas purification chamber is denoted as the heating pipe on each flue gas purification chamber.

[0090] For the heating pipe on each flue gas purification chamber, the second heat distribution pipe 15 connected to the heating pipe is denoted as the heat introduction pipe. It should be noted that in this embodiment, at least one second heat distribution pipe 15 is connected to the heating pipe. In other embodiments, if the heating pipe is not connected to the second heat distribution pipe 15, the two second heat distribution pipes 15 closest to both ends of the heating pipe are denoted as the heat introduction pipes. The second electromagnetic valve 16 installed on the heat introduction pipe is simply denoted as the second electromagnetic valve 16 of each flue gas purification chamber;

[0091] By controlling the second electromagnetic valve 16 of each flue gas purification chamber, the temperature of the flue gas purification chamber can be regulated.

[0092] The specific adjustment method is as follows:

[0093] (1) Keep the air flow rate of the first electromagnetic valve 9 unchanged, read the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber, and obtain the difference between the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber and the optimal temperature range, which is denoted as the first temperature difference of each flue gas purification chamber.

[0094] It should be noted that when the actual temperature is on the right side of the reference temperature within the optimal temperature range (or on the right side of the optimal temperature range), it means that the actual temperature is too high, and at this time the first temperature difference is greater than 0; when the actual temperature is on the left side of the reference temperature within the optimal temperature range (or on the left side of the optimal temperature range), it means that the actual temperature is too low, and at this time the first temperature difference is less than 0.

[0095] When the first temperature difference is greater than or equal to th1, close the second electromagnetic valve 16 of each flue gas purification chamber by 10% (that is, reduce the ventilation hole of the second electromagnetic valve 16 by 10%, that is, reduce the air flow rate by 10%). When the first temperature difference is less than -th1, expand the second electromagnetic valve 16 of each flue gas purification chamber by 10% (that is, expand the ventilation hole of the second electromagnetic valve 16 by 10%, that is, increase the air flow rate by 10%). Then, after an interval of a preset time period (such as 0.5 minutes later), read the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber again and obtain the temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber;

[0096] Denote the mean value of the first temperature differences of all flue gas purification chambers as F.

[0097] (2)When F is greater than or equal to 0, randomly close one first electromagnetic valve 9 by 10%. When F is less than 0, randomly open one first electromagnetic valve 9 by 10%.

[0098] (3)Repeat the processes described in steps (1) and (2). Each time it is repeated, the temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber can be obtained. Denote the mean value of the temperature errors of all flue gas purification chambers as the overall error. When repeating the processes described in steps (1) and (2) multiple times, multiple overall errors are obtained in sequence. When these overall errors reach a minimum value, stop repeating steps (1) and (2). The ventilation volume of the second electromagnetic valve 16 and the ventilation volume of the first electromagnetic valve 9 when the minimum value appears are used as the current ventilation volumes of all electromagnetic valves (that is, the electromagnetic valves perform subsequent ventilation processes with the ventilation volumes at the minimum value point).

[0099] The above process makes the temperature errors of all flue gas purification chambers minimum (that is, the minimum value point appears) through the interactive adjustment of the first electromagnetic valve 9 and the second electromagnetic valve 16, and overall improves the chemical filtration efficiency of the flue gas separator 4.

[0100] (4)Furthermore, obtain the temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber again, denote it as the initial error of each flue gas purification chamber, denoted as Q0. At the same time, denote the first electromagnetic valves 9 with numbers greater than or equal to the second preset threshold th2 as type-one valves, and denote the first electromagnetic valves 9 with numbers less than the second preset threshold as type-two valves;

[0101] In this embodiment, th2 = 2.5 is taken as an example for description. In other embodiments, th2 can be set to other values, and the present application does not make specific limitations.

[0102] Perform a fine adjustment on the first electromagnetic valve 9 to obtain the fine adjustment efficiency after the first fine adjustment, including:

[0103] Close one randomly selected first electromagnetic valve 9 in the type-two valves by 10%, and at the same time open one randomly selected first electromagnetic valve 9 in the type-one valves by 10%. Obtain the temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber again, denoted as Q. Denote Q0 - Q as the error correction offset of each flue gas purification chamber; Denote the sum of the ventilation volumes of all first electromagnetic valves 9 in the type-one valves as S1, and denote the sum of the ventilation volumes of all first electromagnetic valves 9 in the type-two valves as S2; Denote |S1 - S2| as the heat exchange efficiency correction offset (that is, the second difference), and denote the sum of the error correction offsets of all flue gas purification chambers and the heat exchange efficiency correction offset as the fine adjustment efficiency after the first fine adjustment.

[0104] After performing several fine adjustments, obtain the fine adjustment process with the maximum fine adjustment efficiency. Denote the ventilation volume of the first electromagnetic valve 9 in this fine adjustment process as the final ventilation volume, that is, the first electromagnetic valve 9 performs subsequent ventilation processes with this final ventilation volume.

[0105] In the above process, the error correction offset of each flue gas purification chamber represents the reduction of the temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber after a fine-tuning process. The larger this value, the closer the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber is to the temperature required for chemical filtration after this fine-tuning process, that is, the smaller the temperature error and the higher the purification efficiency. The heat exchange efficiency correction offset represents the difference in the ventilation volume between the first electromagnetic valve 9 with a smaller number and the first electromagnetic valve 9 with a larger number after a fine-tuning process. The larger this value, the more high-temperature flue gas with a relatively high temperature can flow through the heat exchanger 3 for heat exchange, avoiding a large amount of heat loss when the relatively high-temperature flue gas flows through the fire-fighting high-temperature exhaust pipe 6 and the separator heating pipe 8, and improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0106] In other embodiments, heating devices (such as heating resistance wires) and cooling devices (such as cooling fans) can be installed in each flue gas purification chamber to further control the temperature of each flue gas purification chamber. On this basis, these heating devices and cooling devices can make each flue gas purification chamber have the optimal temperature required for chemical reactions without consuming too much power.

[0107] As an embodiment, Table 1 is a temperature record table after several adjustments of all electromagnetic valves, showing the temperature distribution of all electromagnetic valves after several adjustments. Among them, the optimal temperature range of the denitrification chamber 12 is [300°C, 400°C]; the optimal temperature range of the desulfurization chamber 13 is [50°C, 70°C] (using wet desulfurization). The optimal temperature range of the organic removal chamber 14 is [200°C, 300°C] (selecting noble metals as catalysts).

[0108] It can be seen from Table 1 that from the first adjustment to the seventh adjustment, the ventilation volume of each electromagnetic valve is continuously changed. For example, from the first adjustment to the second adjustment, the first electromagnetic valve 9 is generally closed by a certain amount, so that the temperature of the fire-fighting high-temperature exhaust pipe 6 drops from 757°C to 659°C; the second electromagnetic valves 16 corresponding to the denitrification chamber 12 and the desulfurization chamber 13 are closed by a certain amount, and the actual temperatures of the denitrification chamber 12 and the desulfurization chamber 13 are also reduced. The second electromagnetic valve 16 corresponding to the organic removal chamber 14 is opened by a certain amount, and the actual temperature is increased from 147°C to 226°C.

[0109] After the 7th adjustment, the temperatures of each flue gas purification chamber are near the reference temperature of the optimal temperature range (that is, the temperature errors of all flue gas purification chambers are the smallest and the second difference is the largest). At this time, the temperature of the fire high-temperature exhaust pipe 6 is a fixed value (602 °C). However, due to the different ventilation volumes of the second electromagnetic valve 16, the masses of the high-temperature flue gas in the heat supply pipe are different, providing different amounts of heat to different flue gas purification chambers. These heats heat each flue gas purification chamber to different temperatures (that is, 353 °C, 63 °C, and 246 °C in Table 1); when heated to 353 °C, 63 °C, and 246 °C in Table 1, the high-temperature flue gas in the fire high-temperature exhaust pipe 6 will continue to transfer heat to each flue gas purification chamber, causing the temperatures of each flue gas purification chamber to continue to rise. For example, after the 7th adjustment, if the temperature of the fire high-temperature exhaust pipe 6 remains unchanged, then the temperatures of each flue gas purification chamber will continue to increase. At this time, after the 7th adjustment, it is necessary to continue to adjust each electromagnetic valve, such as the 10th adjustment, the 15th adjustment, and the 17th adjustment in Table 1. By continuously changing the temperature of the fire high-temperature exhaust pipe 6, each flue gas purification chamber is made to be near the reference temperature of the optimal temperature range (that is, the temperature errors of all flue gas purification chambers are the smallest and the second difference is the largest).

[0110] In summary, in this embodiment, by controlling the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve, the temperature of the fire high-temperature exhaust pipe 6 is continuously adjusted, and high-temperature flue gas of different masses is input into the heat supply pipes of each flue gas purification chamber to heat each flue gas purification chamber to an appropriate temperature.

[0111] Table 1. Temperature record table after several adjustments of all electromagnetic valves

[0112]

[0113] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A high-temperature smoke purification system for a fire scene, the system comprising a purification device and a controller, the purification device comprising: A smoke inlet (1), a smoke air duct (2), a heat exchanger (3), a smoke separator (4), and a smoke exhaust port (5), wherein the smoke air duct (2) is spirally wound on the heat exchanger (3), characterized in that the smoke air duct (2) spirally wound on the heat exchanger (3) is recorded as a spiral air duct, and different parts of the spiral air duct are connected to a plurality of first heat distribution pipes (7), and all the first heat distribution pipes (7) are connected to the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe (6); a separator heating pipe (8) is wound on the smoke separator (4), and different parts of the separator heating pipe (8) are connected to the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe (6) through a plurality of second heat distribution pipes (15), and one end of the separator heating pipe (8) is connected to the spiral air duct; wherein the smoke air duct (2), the first heat distribution pipe (7), the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe (6), the second heat distribution pipe (15), and the separator heating pipe (8) form a closed loop; A first electromagnetic valve (9) is installed at the connection portion between the first heat distribution pipe (7) and the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe (6); a second electromagnetic valve (16) is installed at the connection portion between the second heat distribution pipe (15) and the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe (6); the first electromagnetic valve (9) and the second electromagnetic valve (16) are controlled by the controller; The flue gas separator (4) includes a plurality of flue gas purification chambers; when the purification device is in operation, high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the flue gas inlet (1); the high-temperature flue gas is chemically filtered when passing through the flue gas purification chambers in the flue gas separator (4); and at the same time, when the high-temperature flue gas flows through the separator heating pipe (8), the separator heating pipe (8) provides each flue gas purification chamber with the temperature required for chemical filtration.

2. According to claim 1, a high-temperature smoke purification system for firefighting sites is characterized in that: The flue gas purification chamber comprises: a denitrification chamber (12), a desulfurization chamber (13) and an organic removal chamber (14); the chemical filtration refers to removing nitrogen compounds, sulfur compounds and organic matter in the denitrification chamber (12), the desulfurization chamber (13) and the organic removal chamber (14) by a chemical reaction method.

3. According to claim 1, a high-temperature smoke purification system for firefighting sites is characterized in that: The smoke separator (4) comprises a particle separation chamber (11), wherein the particle separation chamber (11) is provided with a plurality of filter screens.

4. A fire scene high temperature smoke purification system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The high-temperature flue gas first passes through the particle separation chamber (11) in the flue gas separator (4), and then passes through each flue gas purification chamber.

5. A fire scene high temperature smoke purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A centrifugal fan (10) is installed on the fire-fighting high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe (6).

6. A method for purifying high-temperature flue gas at a fire scene, using a high-temperature flue gas purification system at a fire scene as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtaining the optimal temperature range of each flue gas purification chamber, and numbering the first thermal distribution pipes (7) from small to large according to the flow direction of the high-temperature flue gas in the spiral air guide pipe; The number of the first electromagnetic valve (9) is equal to the number of the first heat distribution pipe (7); When the purification device is working, the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber is obtained, and the difference between the actual temperature and the optimal temperature range is obtained; The difference between the actual temperature and the optimal temperature range is equal to: the difference between the actual temperature and the reference temperature in the optimal temperature range; When the absolute value of the difference is greater than a preset first threshold, the controller changes the ventilation volume of the first electromagnetic valve (9) and the second electromagnetic valve (16) so that the temperature error of all the flue gas purification chambers is minimized and the second difference is maximized; The temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber is equal to the absolute value of the difference between the actual temperature and the optimal temperature range; The second difference is equal to the difference between the sum of the ventilation volumes of the first electromagnetic valves (9) whose numbers are less than the second preset threshold and the sum of the ventilation volumes of the first electromagnetic valves (9) whose numbers are greater than or equal to the second preset threshold.

7. A method for purifying high-temperature smoke at a fire scene according to claim 6, characterized in that: The controller changes the ventilation volume of the first electromagnetic valve (9) and the second electromagnetic valve (16) so that the temperature error of all the flue gas purification chambers is minimized and the second difference is maximized, and the specific steps included are as follows: The separator heating pipe (8) wound around each flue gas purification chamber is denoted as the heating pipe on each flue gas purification chamber, the second heat distribution pipe (15) connected to the heating pipe is denoted as the heat introduction pipe, and the second electromagnetic valve (16) installed on the heat introduction pipe is denoted as the second electromagnetic valve (16) of each flue gas purification chamber; D1: the ventilation volume of the first electromagnetic valve (9) remains unchanged, the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber is read, when the difference between the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber and the optimal temperature range is greater than th1, the second electromagnetic valve (16) of each flue gas purification chamber is closed by a preset percentage, when the difference between the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber and the optimal temperature range is less than -th1, the second electromagnetic valve (16) of each flue gas purification chamber is opened by a preset percentage, and then the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber is read again, and the temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber is obtained; th1 represents a preset first threshold value; The difference between the actual temperature and the optimal temperature range is recorded as the first temperature difference of each flue gas purification chamber, and the average of the first temperature differences of all flue gas purification chambers is recorded as F; when F is greater than or equal to 0, a first electromagnetic valve (9) is randomly closed by a preset percentage, and when F is less than 0, a first electromagnetic valve (9) is randomly opened by a preset percentage; Repeat D1 until the temperature error of all flue gas purification chambers is minimized; When the temperature errors of all the flue gas purification chambers are minimized, the first electromagnetic valve (9) is fine-tuned according to the temperature errors of all the flue gas purification chambers so that the second difference is maximized.

8. A method for purifying high-temperature smoke at a fire scene according to claim 7, characterized in that: After the temperature errors of all the flue gas purification chambers are minimized, the first electromagnetic valve (9) is fine-tuned according to the temperature errors of all the flue gas purification chambers so that the second difference is maximized, which includes the following specific steps: When the temperature error of all flue gas purification chambers is the smallest, the temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber is recorded as Q0; The first electromagnetic valve (9) having a number greater than or equal to a second preset threshold is recorded as a first-class valve, and the first electromagnetic valve (9) having a number less than the second preset threshold is recorded as a second-class valve; The first electromagnetic valve (9) is fine-tuned once to obtain a fine-tuning efficiency after the fine-tuning, including: A random first electromagnetic valve (9) in the second-class valve is closed by a preset percentage, and a random first electromagnetic valve (9) in the first-class valve is opened by a preset percentage, and the temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber is obtained again, which is recorded as Q. According to the difference between Q and Q0 and the difference in ventilation volume between the first-class valve and the second-class valve, the fine-tuning efficiency after one fine-tuning is obtained; After performing fine adjustments several times, a fine adjustment process with the highest fine adjustment efficiency is obtained, and the ventilation volume of the first electromagnetic valve (9) in the fine adjustment process with the highest fine adjustment efficiency is recorded as the final ventilation volume. The first electromagnetic valve (9) performs ventilation work at the final ventilation volume.

9. A method for purifying high-temperature smoke at a fire scene according to claim 8, characterized in that: The specific steps of obtaining the fine-tuning efficiency after a fine-tuning according to the difference between Q and Q0 and the difference in ventilation volume between the first type valve and the second type valve are as follows: Q0-Q is recorded as the error correction offset of each flue gas purification chamber; the sum of the ventilation volumes of all first electromagnetic valves (9) in the first type of valve is recorded as S1, and the sum of the ventilation volumes of all first electromagnetic valves (9) in the second type of valve is recorded as S2; |S1-S2| is recorded as the second difference, and the sum of the error correction offsets of all flue gas purification chambers and the second difference is recorded as the fine-tuning efficiency after one fine-tuning.

10. A method for purifying high-temperature smoke at a fire scene according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reference temperature within the optimal temperature interval is the median value of the optimal temperature interval.

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