Boat collecting and releasing device and ship

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ship collecting and releasing, and discloses a ship collecting and releasing device and a ship. The multiple ramp assemblies in the ship retracting and releasing device are sequentially and rotatably connected, so that the ramp structure can be placed on the ship in a rolled state, when the ship needs to be retracted or released, the ramp structure is unfolded through the retracting and releasing mechanism, the ramp structure is changed into the unfolded state, and the ship is placed on the ramp structure; the lifting mechanism is utilized to enable the boat to move on the ramp structure, so that the boat is recycled or released. And after the movement of the ship is finished, the ramp structure is recovered to be in the rolling state and is stored on the ship. The ship collecting and releasing device can save the space of a ship, enlarge the effective usable area of a ship deck, can be provided with different numbers of ramp assemblies according to the height of a freeboard of the ship, changes the length and gradient of the ramp structure, and has the advantages of good practicability, simple design, safety and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of boat folding and launching, and in particular to a boat folding and launching device and a ship. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of science and technology and the deepening of understanding of unmanned systems, the application potential of unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) in the fields of navigation, detection, search and rescue, military and national defense has become increasingly prominent. In practical applications, the higher the degree of automation of the unmanned surface vehicle's retrieval and deployment process, the faster it can enter the working state, which can not only improve the working efficiency of the unmanned surface vehicle, but also improve the success rate of its mission execution.

[0003] However, the launching and retracting technology that matches the unmanned boat is in a relatively backward state. At present, the main research directions of the launching and retracting technology of unmanned boats at home and abroad include the lifting-type launching and retracting technology, the stern slide-type launching and retracting technology and the dock-type rapid launching and retracting technology. The lifting-type launching and retracting requires the installation of a lifting device, a wave compensation system and an automatic leveling double winch system, which has limited usage; the stern slide-type launching and retracting requires a groove to be opened on the stern deck of the wooden boat to arrange the slide, which wastes the deck space of the mother ship; the dock-type rapid launching and retracting requires the arrangement of a dock at the stern and the mother ship to perform water injection operations, which is relatively complicated to operate.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a boat launching and retracting device and a boat to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] One object of the present invention is to provide a boat folding and launching device which can be rolled up on a ship deck, occupies less deck area, has a simple movement mechanism, and ensures safe folding and launching of the boat.

[0006] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] Provided is a boat launching and retracting device, comprising:

[0008] A plurality of ramp components, wherein the plurality of ramp components are rotatably connected in sequence to form a ramp structure, wherein the top of the ramp structure is fixed to the ship, and the ramp structure includes a reeled state and an unfolded state. When in the reeled state, the ramp structure is reeled on the ship, and when in the unfolded state, the bottom of the ramp structure extends into the water;

[0009] A retracting and releasing mechanism, the retracting and releasing mechanism comprising a retracting and releasing winch and a retracting and releasing cable, the retracting and releasing winch is fixed to the ship, one end of the retracting and releasing cable is wound around the retracting and releasing winch, and the other end is connected to the bottom of the ramp structure;

[0010] The lifting mechanism comprises a lifting winch and a lifting cable. The lifting winch is fixed to the ship. One end of the lifting cable is wound around the lifting winch, and the other end is used to connect to the boat to be released or retracted.

[0011] As an optional solution for the boat launching and retrieval device, the ramp assembly includes a crossbeam and multiple longitudinal beams, the longitudinal beams extend along the direction of the ramp structure, the multiple longitudinal beams are parallel to each other and arranged at intervals, the crossbeam is connected between two adjacent longitudinal beams, and the multiple longitudinal beams of adjacent ramp assemblies correspond to each other one by one and are rotatably connected.

[0012] As an optional solution of the boat launching and retracting device, the ramp assembly further includes a roller, and the roller is sleeved on the crossbeam and rotates around the crossbeam.

[0013] As an optional solution for the boat launching and retracting device, the ramp assembly also includes a supporting structure, which is connected to the longitudinal beam. When the ramp structure is in a retracted state, the supporting structures of two adjacent ramp assemblies abut against each other, and the supporting structures located at the bottom and top of the ramp structure abut against each other.

[0014] As an optional solution of the boat folding and launching device, the boat folding and launching device includes two folding and launching mechanisms, and the two folding and launching mechanisms are respectively connected to two sides of the ramp structure.

[0015] As an optional solution for the boat launching and retracting device, the lifting mechanism further comprises a guide cable, both ends of which are slidably connected to the two launching and retracting cables respectively, and the lifting cable is connected to the guide cable.

[0016] As an optional solution for the boat folding and launching device, the folding and launching mechanism also includes a plurality of connectors, and the ramp assembly also includes at least two sleeves, the two sleeves are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the ramp assembly and extend along the direction of the ramp structure, and when the ramp structure is in the unfolded state, one connector is plugged into the sleeves correspondingly arranged at the bottom and top of two adjacent ramp assemblies.

[0017] As an optional solution for the boat launching and retracting device, the launching and retracting cable is configured as an annular cable, including a lifting portion, a winding portion and a fixing portion, the lifting portion is connected to the bottom of the ramp structure, the winding portion is wound around the launching and retracting winch, the fixing portion is passed through all the sleeves, a plurality of connectors are arranged at intervals and connected to the fixing portion, and the launching and retracting cable drives the connectors to move relative to the ramp structure when the ramp structure is launched and retracted.

[0018] Another object of the present invention is to provide a ship that can flexibly arrange a plurality of boat storage and launching devices at the tail and sides of the hull, thereby saving deck space and facilitating boat transportation.

[0019] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0020] Provided is a ship, comprising: a hull and a plurality of the above-mentioned boat folding and launching devices, wherein the boat folding and launching devices are fixed to the tail of the hull;

[0021] And / or, the boat stowage and launch device is arranged on the side of the hull.

[0022] As an optional solution for the ship, the hull is provided with a plurality of chamfers, and the chamfers correspond one-to-one to the boat launching and retracting devices. When the ramp structure is in an unfolded state, the chamfers are supported under the ramp structure.

[0023] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0024] The present invention provides a boat collection and release device, wherein a plurality of ramp components are rotatably connected in sequence, so that the ramp structure can be placed on the ship in a reeled state when the boat does not need to be recovered or released. When the boat needs to be recovered or released, the reeling cable is firstly released by rotating the reeling winch, so that the bottom of the ramp structure can be extended into the water to become an unfolded state, and then the end of the lifting cable is connected to the boat to be recovered or released, and the boat is placed on the ramp structure. The lifting cable can be reeled or released by rotating the lifting winch, so that the boat moves on the ramp structure, and the boat is recovered or released. When the boat moves, the reeling cable is reeled in by rotating the reeling winch, so that the ramp structure returns to the reeled state. The boat launching and retrieval device does not need to open grooves on the deck or set up a dock at the stern, which saves space on the ship and expands the effective use area of ​​the ship deck. The ramp structure can avoid the influence of the line shape and draft on the boat launching and retrieval, and different numbers of ramp components can be set according to the height of the ship's freeboard to change the length and slope of the ramp structure. It has good practicality, simple design, safety and reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a first side view of the boat storage and launching device provided by the present invention in an unfolded state;

[0026] Figure 2 is a second side view of the boat storage and launching device provided by the present invention in the deployed state;

[0027] Figure 3 is a top view of the boat storage and launching device provided by the present invention in an unfolded state;

[0028] Figure 4It is a structural schematic diagram of the boat retracting and launching device provided by the present invention in a retracted state;

[0029] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0030] Figure 6 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0031] Figure 7 yes Figure 2 Cross-sectional view at AA in the middle;

[0032] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a ship provided by the present invention;

[0033] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the ship provided by the present invention.

[0034] In the figure:

[0035] 100, ramp assembly; 110, longitudinal beam; 120, cross beam; 130, roller; 140, supporting structure; 150, sleeve;

[0036] 200, retractable mechanism; 210, retractable winch; 220, retractable cable; 221, lifting part; 222, winding part; 223, fixing part; 230, connector;

[0037] 300, lifting mechanism; 310, lifting winch; 320, lifting cable; 330, guide cable;

[0038] 400. Hull; 410. Bevel; 420. Pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0042] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc., directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the boat launching and retracting device of this embodiment includes a ramp assembly 100, a launching and retracting mechanism 200 and a lifting mechanism 300. A plurality of ramp assemblies 100 are provided, and the plurality of ramp assemblies 100 are rotatably connected in sequence to form a ramp structure, the top of the ramp structure is fixed to the ship, and the ramp structure includes a reeled state and an unfolded state. When in the reeled state, the ramp structure is reeled on the ship, and when in the unfolded state, the bottom of the ramp structure extends into the water, so that the ramp structure can be placed on the ship in the reeled state when the boat does not need to be recovered or released, and when the boat needs to be recovered or released, the boat can be lifted or lowered on the ramp structure in the unfolded state.

[0044] The retracting and releasing mechanism 200 includes a retracting and releasing winch 210 and a retracting and releasing cable 220. The retracting and releasing winch 210 is fixed on the ship. One end of the retracting and releasing cable 220 is wound around the retracting and releasing winch 210, and the other end is connected to the bottom of the ramp structure. When the boat needs to be recovered or released, the retracting and releasing cable 220 is first released by rotating the retracting and releasing winch 210, so that the bottom of the ramp structure can extend into the water. At this time, the ramp structure changes from a retracted state to an extended state. When the boat moves, the retracting and releasing cable 220 is retracted by rotating the retracting and releasing winch 210, so that the ramp structure returns to the retracted state.

[0045] The lifting mechanism 300 includes a lifting winch 310 and a lifting cable 320. The lifting winch 310 is fixed to the ship. One end of the lifting cable 320 is wound around the lifting winch 310, and the other end is used to connect the boat to be recovered or released. When recovering or releasing the boat, the ramp structure is in an unfolded state, the end of the lifting cable 320 is connected to the boat to be recovered or released, and the boat is placed on the ramp structure. The lifting winch 310 is rotated to allow the lifting cable 320 to be reeled in or released, so that the boat moves on the ramp structure to achieve recovery or release of the boat.

[0046] The boat launching and retrieval device does not require a groove to be opened on the ship deck or a dock to be set at the stern, which can save space on the ship and expand the effective use area of ​​the ship deck. The use of a ramp structure can avoid the influence of the line shape and draft on the launching and retrieval of the boat, and different numbers of ramp components can be set according to the height of the ship's freeboard to change the length and slope of the ramp structure. The device has good practicality, simple design, and is safe and reliable.

[0047] Reference Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the ramp assembly 100 includes a crossbeam 120 and a plurality of longitudinal beams 110, the longitudinal beams 110 extend along the ramp structure direction, the plurality of longitudinal beams 110 are parallel to each other and arranged at intervals, the crossbeam 120 is connected between two adjacent longitudinal beams 110, and the plurality of longitudinal beams 110 of adjacent ramp assemblies 100 correspond to each other and are rotatably connected. Optionally, two adjacent ramp assemblies 100 are hingedly connected by a hinge structure, which has a simple structure, low cost, and is easy to operate.

[0048] In this embodiment, each ramp assembly 100 includes two longitudinal beams 110, and three cross beams 120 are connected between the two longitudinal beams 110, which can save production costs while ensuring the connection strength of the ramp structure. In some other embodiments, three, four, etc. longitudinal beams 110 can also be set in the ramp assembly 100, and two, four, etc. cross beams 120 can also be connected between two adjacent longitudinal beams 110, which can increase the strength of the ramp structure. It will not be repeated here.

[0049] Optionally, the ramp assembly 100 further includes a roller 130, which is sleeved on the cross beam 120 and rotates around the cross beam 120. When the boat moves on the ramp structure, the boat contacts the roller 130, which can drive the roller 130 to rotate around the cross beam 120, thereby reducing the friction resistance between the boat and the ramp structure and reducing the wear on the boat and the cross beam 120. In this embodiment, the roller 130 can be set as a rubber roller, which can play a buffering role between the cross beam 120 and the boat, reduce the impact of the boat on the ramp structure, and further improve the service life of the ramp structure.

[0050] Preferably, the diameter of the rubber roller on the ramp assembly 100 at the bottom of the ramp structure can be appropriately increased, so that the buoyancy of the bottom of the ramp structure can be increased to achieve a smooth docking of the boat and the ramp structure. Of course, floating parts such as air bags and floating plates can also be added to the bottom of the ramp structure to achieve the same effect, which will not be repeated here.

[0051] Continue to refer to Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the ramp assembly 100 also includes a support structure 140, which is connected to the longitudinal beam 110. When the ramp structure is in a reeled state, the support structures 140 of two adjacent ramp assemblies 100 abut against each other, and the support structures 140 located at the bottom and top of the ramp structure abut against each other, and accidental movement caused by ship movement and wave environment can be prevented, which may cause collisions between boats and ships.

[0052] In this embodiment, the ramp assembly 100 includes two support structures 140, each of which is connected to a longitudinal beam 110, and the support structure 140 and the longitudinal beam 110 form a trapezoidal frame structure. When the ramp structure is in a reeled state, it forms a regular polygonal structure, so that the structure is compact when reeled, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the boat retracting device when reeled, and provides aesthetic appearance. It can be understood that by setting the ramp structure as a regular polygonal structure, the appropriate circumscribed circle radius size can be designed according to the height of the ship's freeboard, and the size of the regular polygonal structure can be quickly determined, which is convenient for the design of the ramp structure.

[0053] For example, in this embodiment, the boat storage and launching device is provided with six ramp components 100. When in the reeled state, the boat storage and launching device forms a regular hexagonal structure. In some other embodiments, the number of ramp components 100 can also be set to four, five, eight, etc., which will not be repeated here.

[0054] Optionally, the boat launching and retracting device includes two launching and retracting mechanisms 200, which are respectively connected to the two sides of the ramp structure. Specifically, the ramp assembly 100 at the top is fixed on the ship, and the launching and retracting winches 210 of the two launching and retracting mechanisms 200 are respectively fixed to the supporting structure 140 of the top ramp assembly 100, and the launching and retracting cable 220 is connected to the supporting structure 140 at the bottom of the ramp structure, thereby ensuring the smooth operation of the launching and retracting mechanism 200.

[0055] Further, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the retracting and extending mechanism 200 also includes a plurality of connectors 230, and the ramp assembly 100 also includes at least two sleeves 150. Two of the at least two sleeves 150 are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the ramp assembly 100 and extend along the direction of the ramp structure. When the ramp structure is in the unfolded state, a connector 230 is plugged into the sleeves 150 correspondingly arranged at the bottom and top of two adjacent ramp assemblies 100, that is, when the connector 230 is plugged into the sleeve 150, the hinge structure can be prevented from rotating, thereby locking the two adjacent ramp assemblies 100 to prevent the ramp structure from deforming after bearing force.

[0056] In this embodiment, two sleeves 150 are respectively connected to the two ends of the longitudinal beam 110, and the sleeves 150 on the two longitudinal beams 110 connected in rotation are arranged correspondingly, which reduces the length of the plug-in 230, improves the connection strength of the plug-in, and saves production costs. Figure 6 As shown, sleeves 150 are provided on both sides of the longitudinal beam 110, that is, connectors 230 can be provided on both sides of the hinge structure to further improve the bearing capacity of the ramp structure.

[0057] Further, continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the retractable cable 220 is configured as an annular cable, including a lifting portion 221, a winding portion 222 and a fixing portion 223, the lifting portion 221 is connected to the bottom of the ramp structure, the winding portion 222 is wound around the retractable winch 210, the fixing portion 223 is passed through all sleeves 150, and a plurality of connectors 230 are arranged at intervals and connected to the fixing portion 223, and the retractable cable 220 drives the connector 230 to move relative to the ramp structure when the ramp structure is retracted.

[0058] During the process of the ramp structure being deployed, the retractable cable 220 is gradually released to gradually lower the ramp structure. When the retractable cable 220 is completely released, the ramp structure reaches Figure 1 At this time, the retracting winch 210 is continued to pull the retracting cable 220, so that the multiple connectors 230 move relative to the ramp structure at the same time, and each connector 230 can be plugged into the sleeve 150 to lock the ramp structure. After the boat is retracted, the retracting winch 210 is started, so that the multiple connectors 230 are simultaneously withdrawn from the sleeve 150, and the retracting cable 220 is further tightened, so that the ramp structure is gradually retracted to Figure 3 The ramp structure is in the reeling state, completing the reeling process of the ramp structure.

[0059] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism 300 also includes a guide cable 330, the two ends of which are slidably connected to the two retractable cables 220, and the lifting cable 320 is connected to the guide cable 330, so that the boat can maintain balance when moving on the ramp structure to prevent the boat from scratching the support structure 140.

[0060] like Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, this embodiment also provides a vessel, including a hull 400 and a plurality of the above-mentioned boat folding and launching devices, wherein the boat folding and launching devices are fixed to the stern of the hull 400, or the boat folding and launching devices are arranged on the side of the hull 400, or the boat folding and launching devices can be fixed to the stern of the hull 400 and can be arranged on the side of the hull 400.

[0061] Specifically, one, two, three, etc. boat retracting and launching devices may be provided at the rear of the hull 400, which may be adjusted according to the width of the hull 400 and the width of the boat retracting and launching devices. In some embodiments, on the side of the hull 400, multiple boat retracting and launching devices may be provided at an angle to the forward direction of the hull 400, and multiple boat retracting and launching devices are provided in parallel and at intervals to avoid collisions when multiple boats are released at the same time; in some other embodiments, the center lines of multiple boat retracting and launching devices converge at a point on the side of the hull 400, thereby realizing multi-channel boat retracting and launching. Compared with traditional slide structures and semi-submersible vessels, the structure is simple, the retracting and launching is simple, and the retracting and launching of boats is convenient for cluster control, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0062] Furthermore, the hull 400 is provided with a plurality of chamfers 410, which correspond one-to-one to the boat folding and launching devices. The inclination angle of the chamfer 410 is the same as the inclination angle of the ramp structure when the ramp structure is in the unfolded state. When the ramp structure is in the unfolded state, the chamfer 410 is supported under the ramp structure to ensure the stability of the ramp structure. During the boat lifting process, the chamfer 410 can prevent the ramp structure from rotating to ensure the stability of the boat folding and launching.

[0063] Optionally, the hull 400 is further provided with a cushion block 420, which can be supported between the bottom surface of the groove 410 and the ramp structure to provide space for the ramp structure to adjust its state.

[0064] When the ship provided in this embodiment needs to retract or launch a boat, the following steps are included:

[0065] First, after placing the pad 420 above the bottom surface of the groove 410, gradually release the retractable cable 220 to gradually expand the ramp structure. Figure 1 In the unfolded state, that is, the ramp structure is in a straight state, at this time, the retracting winch 210 is used to pull the retracting cable 220, so that the connector 230 moves and is plugged into the sleeve 150, locking the ramp structure.

[0066] Secondly, the lifting cable 320 is connected to the guide cable 330, and the guide cable 330 is hung on the retractable cable 220. The retractable cable 220 is lifted by the retractable winch 210, the cushion block 420 is taken out, and the retractable cable 220 is gradually released, so that the ramp structure can gradually fall to the water surface. In this process, the lifting cable 320 and the guide cable 330 also gradually slide to the water surface until they reach the Figure 2 state, which can ensure the stability of the retractable device and facilitate docking.

[0067] When the boat is docked with the lifting cable 320, the lifting winch 310 can be started to gradually lift the boat under the action of the lifting cable 320, and the boat can slide on the ramp structure. When the boat is lifted to the deck, the boat is transferred to the deck storage tray, and the lifting cable 320 is released to make it slide freely to the water surface, and the second retraction and release is performed until all lifting needs are completed. For the boat release process, the ramp structure is in the unfolded state, and the boat is transported to the ramp structure. Under the action of gravity, the boat slides freely along the ramp structure to the water surface, and the boat release process is completed.

[0068] For the ramp structure winding process: after the boat is wound up, the lifting cable 320 is wound up, the guide cable 330 is removed, the winding winch 210 is started, and the multiple connectors 230 are withdrawn from the sleeve 150 at the same time, and the winding cable 220 is gradually tightened, so that the ramp structure is gradually wound up and retracted until it is retracted to the bottom. Figure 4 The ramp structure is in a reeled state, and the reeling capstan 210 is locked to complete the reeling process of the ramp structure.

[0069] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A boat launching and retracting device, characterized in that: include: A plurality of ramp assemblies (100), wherein the plurality of ramp assemblies (100) are rotatably connected in sequence to form a ramp structure, wherein the top of the ramp structure is fixed to the ship, and the ramp structure comprises a reeled state and an unfolded state, wherein when in the reeled state, the ramp structure is reeled on the ship, and when in the unfolded state, the bottom of the ramp structure extends into the water; A retracting and releasing mechanism (200), the retracting and releasing mechanism (200) comprising a retracting and releasing winch (210) and a retracting and releasing cable (220), the retracting and releasing winch (210) being fixed to the ship, one end of the retracting and releasing cable (220) being wound around the retracting and releasing winch (210), and the other end being connected to the bottom of the ramp structure; A lifting mechanism (300) comprises a lifting winch (310) and a lifting cable (320), wherein the lifting winch (310) is fixed to the ship, and one end of the lifting cable (320) is wound around the lifting winch (310), and the other end is used to connect to the boat to be released or retracted.

2. The boat launching and retracting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ramp assembly (100) comprises a crossbeam (120) and a plurality of longitudinal beams (110), wherein the longitudinal beams (110) extend along the ramp structure direction, the plurality of longitudinal beams (110) are mutually parallel and spaced apart, the crossbeam (120) is connected between two adjacent longitudinal beams (110), and the plurality of longitudinal beams (110) of adjacent ramp assemblies (100) correspond to each other one by one and are rotatably connected.

3. The boat launching and retracting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ramp assembly (100) further comprises a roller (130), wherein the roller (130) is sleeved on the crossbeam (120) and rotates around the crossbeam (120).

4. The boat launching and retracting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ramp assembly (100) further comprises a support structure (140), wherein the support structure (140) is connected to the longitudinal beam (110); when the ramp structure is in a retracted state, the support structures (140) of two adjacent ramp assemblies (100) abut against each other, and the support structures (140) located at the bottom and top of the ramp structure abut against each other.

5. The boat launching and retracting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The boat storage and launching device comprises two storage and launching mechanisms (200), and the two storage and launching mechanisms (200) are respectively connected to two sides of the ramp structure.

6. The boat storage and launching device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (300) further comprises a guide cable (330), both ends of which are slidably connected to the two retractable cables (220), and the lifting cable (320) is connected to the guide cable (330).

7. The boat storage and launching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retractable mechanism (200) further comprises a plurality of plug-in components (230), and the ramp assembly (100) further comprises at least two sleeves (150), wherein the two sleeves (150) are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the ramp assembly (100) and extend along the direction of the ramp structure; when the ramp structure is in an unfolded state, one of the plug-in components (230) is plugged into the sleeves (150) correspondingly arranged at the bottom and the top of two adjacent ramp assemblies (100).

8. The boat launching and retracting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The retractable cable (220) is configured as an annular cable, comprising a lifting portion (221), a winding portion (222) and a fixing portion (223); the lifting portion (221) is connected to the bottom of the ramp structure; the winding portion (222) is wound around the retractable winch (210); the fixing portion (223) is passed through all the sleeves (150); a plurality of connectors (230) are arranged at intervals and connected to the fixing portion (223); the retractable cable (220) drives the connectors (230) to move relative to the ramp structure when the ramp structure is retracted or released.

9. A ship, characterized in that: It comprises a hull (400) and a plurality of boat folding and launching devices according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the boat folding and launching devices are fixed to the stern of the hull (400); And / or, the boat launching and retracting device is arranged on the side of the hull (400).

10. The ship according to claim 9, characterized in that The hull (400) is provided with a plurality of bevels (410), the bevels (410) corresponding one to one with the boat storage and launching device, and when the ramp structure is in an unfolded state, the bevels (410) are supported under the ramp structure.

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