SiOC ceramic with TPMS cell element gradient transition structure and preparation method of SiOC ceramic

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal insulation materials, and discloses a preparation method of SiOC ceramic with a TPMS cell element gradient transition structure. The invention aims to overcome the defects of a porous ceramic material in the prior art in the aspects of heat insulation performance, mechanical property and multifunctional regulation and control capability. The SiOC porous ceramic is prepared on the basis of a parameterized design TPMS gradient transition structure, light weight, high strength and heat insulation performance are both considered, meanwhile, the material is endowed with dynamic regulation and control capacity of multifunctional performance, and the technical bottleneck that a traditional homogeneous ceramic structure cannot meet application requirements in multiple fields is overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of thermal insulation materials, and relates to a TPMS cell gradient transition structure SiOC ceramic and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing demand for lightweight, high-strength, and multifunctional materials in fields such as aerospace, automobile manufacturing, and biomedical engineering, the development of materials with both excellent mechanical properties and thermal insulation properties has become an important research direction in current materials science. Porous ceramic materials have attracted much attention due to their good lightweight properties, structural designability, and high-temperature stability. In particular, porous structures constructed by triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) have been widely used in research in recent years due to their uniform pore distribution and excellent mechanical properties.

[0003] The TPMS structure is an important research object in the intersection of mathematics and materials science, with significant advantages such as good mechanical properties, uniform pore distribution, lightweight materials, and parametric design. The cells in the TPMS structure have a continuous curved surface geometry, which can effectively avoid stress concentration problems compared to traditional porous structures, thereby significantly improving mechanical properties; the pores in the TPMS structure are distributed periodically, and both the porosity and material distribution can be precisely controlled by adjusting parameters; the high porosity of the TPMS structure enables it to significantly reduce weight while maintaining high strength and stiffness; the TPMS structure is defined by a mathematical formula, and parametric design can be achieved by adjusting the control parameters in the implicit function.

[0004] However, in existing research, most TPMS structural designs focus on a single cell type or uniformly distributed structural morphology, which is difficult to meet the requirements of multifunctional performance in practical applications. Therefore, achieving gradient transition design between TPMS cell types has become a technical challenge that needs to be solved urgently.

[0005] Polymer Derived Ceramics (PDC) are ceramic materials prepared by pyrolysis of polymer precursors, and SiOC ceramics are an important member of them. SiOC ceramics combine the excellent properties of silicon oxide and carbon. The working temperature of SiOC ceramics can reach above 1200°C and has excellent thermal stability; SiOC ceramics have high oxidation resistance and chemical corrosion resistance. In recent years, SiOC ceramics have been widely used in high-temperature protection, thermal insulation barriers and high-performance support structures. However, the preparation of traditional SiOC ceramics usually adopts a uniform porous structure, which cannot meet the existing needs in terms of thermal insulation, mechanical and other properties. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a TPMS cell gradient transition structure SiOC ceramic and a preparation method thereof, aiming to solve the deficiencies of the prior art in terms of thermal insulation, mechanical properties and multifunctional regulation capabilities of porous ceramic materials. The present invention prepares SiOC porous ceramics based on parametric design of TPMS gradient transition structure, achieves a balance between light weight, high strength and thermal insulation performance, and at the same time gives the material dynamic regulation capabilities of multifunctional performance, overcoming the technical bottleneck that traditional homogeneous ceramic structures cannot meet the application requirements of multiple fields.

[0007] The above object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for preparing a TPMS cell gradient transition structure SiOC ceramic comprises the following steps:

[0009] Step 1), based on different structural parameter formulas, design and generate a TPMS cell gradient transition structure three-dimensional model; by adjusting parameters such as cell size, porosity and cell type, a gradual transition within the structure is achieved;

[0010] Step 2), using 3D printing technology, printing a ceramic precursor body according to the three-dimensional model of the gradient transition structure designed in step 1); the ceramic precursor body is a TPMS cell gradient transition structure, having good controllable porosity and structural uniformity;

[0011] Step 3), placing the printed ceramic precursor body in a pyrolysis furnace for high-temperature pyrolysis treatment, and heating it under an inert atmosphere to obtain the final SiOC ceramic.

[0012] Furthermore, in step 1), the design and generation of a TPMS cell gradient transition structure three-dimensional model based on different structural parameter formulas includes:

[0013] Design the TPMS cell gradient transition formula based on the TPMS structural parameter formula, establish the TPMS cell gradient transition structure three-dimensional model, and adjust the cell size, porosity, and cell type related structural parameters;

[0014] Furthermore, in step 1), the TPMS cell gradient transition structure three-dimensional model is realized by adjusting the following parameters: the cell size of the TPMS cell gradient transition structure three-dimensional model is set to: 0.5-10mm; the porosity of the TPMS cell gradient transition structure three-dimensional model is set to: 0.1-95%; the cell type of the TPMS cell gradient transition structure three-dimensional model is set to: Schwarz-P, Gyroid, Diamond and I-WP.

[0015] Furthermore, the TPMS cell gradient transition formula is as follows:

[0016] Transition formula from Gyroid structure to Schwarz-P structure:

[0017] F(x,y,z)=(1 / (1+exp(10.*x))).*((cos(2.*pi.*y).*sin(2.*pi.*x)+cos(2.*pi.*z).*sin(2.*pi.*y)+cos(2. *pi.*x).*sin(2.*pi.*z)))+(1-(1 / (1+exp(10.*x)))).*(cos(2.*pi.*x)+cos(2.*pi.*y)+cos(2.*pi.*z))-c;

[0018] Wherein: F(x,y,z) is the boundary of the TPMS structure, x is the x-axis coordinate in the Cartesian space coordinate system, y is the y-axis coordinate in the Cartesian space coordinate system, z is the z-axis coordinate in the Cartesian space coordinate system, pi is the mathematical expression of pi, and c is the parameter that controls the surface offset; where c ranges from 0.1 to 1, and the porosity ranges from 50% to 90%.

[0019] Diamond structure to Schwarz-P structure transition formula:

[0020] F(x,y,z)=(1 / (1+exp(10.*x))).*((cos(2.*pi.*x).*cos(2.*pi.*y).*cos(2.*pi.*z))-(sin(2.*pi.*x).*sin( 2.*pi.*y).*sin(2.*pi.*z)))+(1-(1 / (1+exp(10.*x)))).*(cos(2.*pi.*x)+cos(2.*pi.*y)+cos(2.*pi.*z))-c;

[0021] Wherein: F(x,y,z) is the boundary of the TPMS structure, x is the x-axis coordinate in the Cartesian space coordinate system, y is the y-axis coordinate in the Cartesian space coordinate system, z is the z-axis coordinate in the Cartesian space coordinate system, pi is the mathematical expression of pi, and c is the parameter for controlling the surface offset; where c ranges from 0.1 to 1, and the porosity ranges from 30% to 80%.

[0022] Gyroid structure to Diamond structure transition formula:

[0023] F(x,y,z)=(1 / (1+exp(10.*x))).*((cos(2.*pi.*y).*sin(2.*pi.*x)+cos(2.*pi.*z).*sin(2.*pi.*y)+cos(2.*pi.*x).*sin(2.*pi.*z)))+ (1-(1 / (1+exp(10.*x)))).*((cos(2.*pi.*x).*cos(2.*pi.*y).*cos(2.*pi.*z))-(sin(2.*pi.*x).*sin(2.*pi.*y).*sin(2.*pi.*z)))-c;

[0024] Wherein: F(x,y,z) is the boundary of the TPMS structure, x is the x-axis coordinate in the Cartesian space coordinate system, y is the y-axis coordinate in the Cartesian space coordinate system, z is the z-axis coordinate in the Cartesian space coordinate system, pi is the mathematical expression of pi, and c is the parameter for controlling the surface offset; where c ranges from 0.1 to 1, and the porosity ranges from 30% to 80%.

[0025] Furthermore, in step 2), the step of preparing the ceramic precursor body comprises:

[0026] Mixing a polysiloxane solution and a photoinitiator to obtain a photosensitive ceramic precursor slurry; then subjecting the photosensitive ceramic precursor slurry to a photocuring treatment to obtain a ceramic precursor body;

[0027] The mass of the photoinitiator is 0.5% to 3% of the mass of the polysiloxane solution.

[0028] The polysiloxane solution is an acrylate group siloxane solution.

[0029] The photoinitiator is any one or more of diphenyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-phosphine oxide, phenyl bis-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-phosphine oxide, and 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl ethyl phosphate.

[0030] The photocuring treatment is as follows: placing the photosensitive ceramic precursor slurry in a photocuring device for photocuring treatment; the parameters of the photocuring device are set as follows: the layer thickness is 1-300 μm, the exposure intensity is 1-100 mW / cm 2 , exposure time is 0.5-30s, speed is 0.1-300mm / min.

[0031] Furthermore, in step 2), the structure of the ceramic precursor body is a TPMS cell gradient transition structure.

[0032] Furthermore, in step 3), the high temperature pyrolysis treatment comprises: heating the ceramic precursor body to 800-1200° C. in an inert atmosphere, keeping the temperature for 0.5-10 hours, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the SiOC ceramic;

[0033] Preferably, the inert atmosphere is argon;

[0034] Preferably, the heating rate of the ceramic precursor body when heated to 800-1200° C. is 1-10° C. / min.

[0035] The thermal conductivity of the SiOC ceramic prepared by the preparation method is 0.04-0.15 W / (m·K); the back temperature of the SiOC ceramic is 500° C.-1000° C.; and the compressive strength of the SiOC ceramic is 5-15 Mpa.

[0036] The present invention further enhances the thermal insulation performance of SiOC ceramics by introducing the TPMS gradient transition structure design while retaining its excellent mechanical and high-temperature properties. At the same time, since the TPMS structure has good pore connectivity and its continuous curved surface structure can achieve uniform shrinkage during pyrolysis, the structure can realize the preparation of large-sized SiOC ceramics.

[0037] The TPMS cell gradient transition structure SiOC ceramic and its preparation method provided by the present invention have the following originality:

[0038] 1. Gradient transition design based on TPMS structure: This invention proposes for the first time to combine the gradient transition design of the three-periodic minimal surface (TPMS) structure with the preparation of SiOC ceramics. By adjusting the implicit function parameters, the dynamic distribution of porosity, mechanical properties and thermal conductivity in different regions of the same material is achieved, overcoming the limitation of the single performance of the traditional homogeneous structure.

[0039] 2. Parametric control and functional diversity: The present invention utilizes the mathematical characteristics of the TPMS structure and flexibly controls the functional partitioning and gradient transition within the structure through parametric design. This design is not only suitable for different engineering requirements, but also can achieve seamless transition between multi-cell types (such as Schwarz-P, Gyroid and Diamond), and has wide applicability.

[0040] 3. Innovative preparation process: The present invention uses light-curing 3D printing technology and specific temperature pyrolysis process to achieve high-precision manufacturing of complex TPMS gradient transition structures and final molding of SiOC ceramics. This process breaks the technical bottleneck of traditional manufacturing methods in complex structure molding and precision control.

[0041] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0042] 1. Dynamic regulation of multifunctional performance: The present invention can achieve gradient transition of cell types in the same material through parametric design of the TPMS structure. This gradient transition can flexibly adjust other properties of the material (such as mechanical strength, thermal conductivity, thermal insulation, etc.) according to actual application requirements. For example, in thermal protection materials in the aerospace field, some areas require higher strength to withstand mechanical loads, while other areas require optimized thermal insulation to protect internal equipment. Through gradient transition design, these functional requirements can be seamlessly connected, providing the possibility for customized design of high-performance materials.

[0043] 2. Lightweight design and structural optimization: The TPMS structure naturally has a high porosity, which allows the SiOC ceramic of the present invention to significantly reduce the weight of the material while maintaining high strength. Lightweight design is particularly important for applications in aerospace, automotive, military and biomedical fields that have strict requirements on material weight. Through gradient transition design, the porosity of different areas can be precisely controlled, so that the material can be lightweight and high-strength in different applications, improving overall design efficiency.

[0044] 3. Advanced manufacturing process improves production efficiency: The present invention adopts photocuring 3D printing technology to manufacture ceramic precursor bodies, and combines high-temperature pyrolysis process to prepare SiOC ceramics, which can accurately manufacture complex TPMS gradient transition structures. Compared with traditional ceramic manufacturing methods (such as injection molding or compression molding), photocuring 3D printing technology can greatly reduce the manufacturing difficulty and cost of complex ceramic structures, while improving the flexibility and precision of design. Through this process, ceramic materials with complex shapes and excellent performance can be manufactured in a short time, greatly improving production efficiency and the freedom of material design.

[0045] 4. Wide application prospects of materials: The SiOC ceramics prepared by the present invention have excellent mechanical properties, thermal insulation properties and high-temperature stability, and are suitable for multiple high-end application fields, especially in the following aspects:

[0046] Aerospace: Used in spacecraft thermal protection, thermal insulation barriers and high-temperature structural parts to meet the comprehensive requirements of thermal insulation, strength and durability in extreme high temperature environments.

[0047] Automobile lightweighting: Used in high-strength, lightweight structural parts, especially in automobile engine compartments, chassis components, thermal protection systems and other places with strict requirements on weight and strength.

[0048] Biomedical: Applied in biological scaffolds and medical devices, it provides reliable materials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine through gradient pore design and high-temperature thermal stability.

[0049] Energy field: used for energy absorption materials, such as thermal insulation, sound insulation, heat conduction control and heat transfer material optimization.

[0050] 5. Environmental protection and sustainability: SiOC ceramics, as a material based on polymer-derived ceramics (PDC), have good biocompatibility and recyclability, and do not release harmful substances at high temperatures. By using photocuring 3D printing technology, waste and energy consumption can be reduced during the manufacturing process, and the production efficiency and sustainability of materials can be improved. In addition, SiOC ceramics have a long service life and excellent environmental resistance, which reduces the maintenance and replacement frequency of materials, and meets the needs of modern industry for green and environmentally friendly materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. The drawings described below are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0052] Figure 1 This is a model diagram of the PG gradient ceramic precursor body designed in Example 1, with a porosity of 70%.

[0053] Figure 2 This is a physical picture of the PG gradient ceramic prepared in Example 1, with a porosity of 70%.

[0054] Figure 3 It is a model diagram of the SiOC ceramic precursor body prepared in Comparative Example 1, and the porosity is 70%.

[0055] Figure 4 This is a physical picture of the SiOC ceramic prepared in Comparative Example 1, and the porosity is 70%. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. The drawings described below are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0057] The present invention provides a TPMS cell gradient transition structure SiOC ceramic and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps: establishing a 3D model of a TPMS cell gradient transition structure based on different structural parameter formulas; preparing a ceramic precursor blank by using a photocuring 3D printing technology; and pyrolyzing the printed ceramic precursor blank to obtain SiOC ceramic. The present invention not only has the light weight and high strength properties of porous ceramic materials, but also has good thermal insulation capabilities by designing a gradient transition structure for a TPMS cell and pyrolyzing the TPMS cell gradient transition structure ceramic.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] This embodiment provides a TPMS cell gradient transition structure SiOC ceramic and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps:

[0060] Step 1) Establishing the TPMS cell gradient transition structure model: According to the implicit expression of the TPMS cell structure, the type of transition cell (PG), C value 0.5, porosity 70% are selected, and the model of SiOC ceramic precursor body is established by MSLattice software ( Figure 1 ).

[0061] Transition formula from Gyroid structure to Schwarz-P structure:

[0062] F(x)=(1 / (1+exp(10.*x))).*((cos(2.*pi.*y).*sin(2.*pi.*x)+cos(2.*pi.*z).*sin(2.*pi.*y)+cos(2.*p i.*x).*sin(2.*pi.*z)))+(1-(1 / (1+exp(10.*x)))).*(cos(2.*pi.*x)+cos(2.*pi.*y)+cos(2.*pi.*z))-c;

[0063] Step 2) Preparation of photosensitive ceramic precursor slurry: weigh 0.4g of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl ethyl phosphate free radical photoinitiator and dissolve it in 39.6g of methyl-terminated acrylate polysiloxane (polysiloxane solution), then place it on a magnetic stirrer and stir it at a speed of 500rpm for 30min to obtain a clear and transparent photosensitive polysiloxane solution (photosensitive ceramic precursor slurry) containing 1wt.% of the initiator; the viscosity of the obtained photosensitive ceramic precursor slurry is 181cps; wherein the molecular weight M of the methyl-terminated acrylate polysiloxane is w =4000~7000;

[0064] Step 3) Additive manufacturing: Place the photosensitive ceramic precursor slurry in a stereolithography 3D printing device for photocuring to obtain a ceramic precursor blank with a PG transition cell structure; wherein the setting parameters of the stereolithography 3D printing device are: the layer thickness is set to 80 μm, and the exposure intensity is set to 20 mW / cm 2 , the exposure time was set to 3s, and the speed was set to 5mm / min.

[0065] Step 4) The ceramic precursor body after photocuring 3D printing is placed in a pyrolysis treatment furnace, heated to 1000°C, and then kept at 1000°C for 1 hour to obtain SiOC ceramic ( Figure 2 ); wherein the heating rate is 1°C / min, and the thermal conductivity of the SiOC ceramic prepared in this embodiment is 0.09W / (m·K).

[0066] Comparative Example 1

[0067] This comparative example provides a SiOC ceramic and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps:

[0068] Step 1) Establishing the TPMS cell gradient transition structure model: According to the implicit expression of the TPMS cell structure, the P cell type, C value 0.5, porosity 70% are selected, and the SiOC ceramic precursor body model is established ( Figure 3 ).

[0069] Step 2) Preparation of photosensitive ceramic precursor slurry: weigh 0.4g of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl ethyl phosphate free radical photoinitiator and dissolve it in 39.6g of methyl-terminated acrylate polysiloxane (polysiloxane solution), then place it on a magnetic stirrer and stir it at a speed of 500rpm for 30min to obtain a clear and transparent photosensitive polysiloxane solution (photosensitive ceramic precursor slurry) containing 1wt.% of the initiator; the viscosity of the obtained photosensitive ceramic precursor slurry is 181cps; wherein the molecular weight Mw of the methyl-terminated acrylate polysiloxane is 4000-7000;

[0070] Step 3) Additive manufacturing: Place the photosensitive ceramic precursor slurry in a stereolithography 3D printing device for photocuring to obtain a ceramic precursor blank with a P cell structure; wherein the setting parameters of the stereolithography 3D printing device are: the layer thickness is set to 80 μm, and the exposure intensity is set to 20 mW / cm 2 , the exposure time was set to 3s, and the speed was set to 5mm / min.

[0071] Step 4) The ceramic precursor body after photocuring 3D printing is placed in a pyrolysis treatment furnace, heated to 1000°C, and then kept at 1000°C for 1 hour to obtain SiOC ceramic ( Figure 4); wherein the heating rate is 1°C / min, and the thermal conductivity of the SiOC ceramic prepared in this comparative example is 0.14W / (m·K).

[0072] The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but not all feasible embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, any obvious changes made thereto without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention should be considered to be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing SiOC ceramics with a TPMS cell gradient transition structure, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1), based on different structural parameter formulas, a three-dimensional model of a TPMS cell gradient transition structure is designed and generated; by adjusting parameters such as cell size, porosity and cell type, a gradual transition within the structure is achieved; Step 2), using 3D printing technology, a ceramic precursor body is printed according to the three-dimensional model of the gradient transition structure designed in step 1); the ceramic precursor body is a TPMS cell gradient transition structure, having good controllable porosity and structural uniformity; Step 3), placing the printed ceramic precursor body in a pyrolysis furnace for high-temperature pyrolysis treatment, and heating it under an inert atmosphere to obtain the final SiOC ceramic.

2. The method for preparing a TPMS cell gradient transition structure SiOC ceramic according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1), the design and generation of a TPMS cell gradient transition structure three-dimensional model based on different structural parameter formulas includes: Based on the TPMS structural parameter formula, the TPMS cell gradient transition formula is designed, the TPMS cell gradient transition structure three-dimensional model is established, and the cell size, porosity, and cell type related structural parameters are adjusted.

3. The method for preparing a TPMS cell gradient transition structure SiOC ceramic according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1), the TPMS cell gradient transition structure three-dimensional model is realized by adjusting the following parameters: the cell size of the TPMS cell gradient transition structure three-dimensional model is set to: 0.5-10mm; the porosity of the TPMS cell gradient transition structure three-dimensional model is set to: 0.1-95%; the cell type of the TPMS cell gradient transition structure three-dimensional model is set to: Schwarz-P, Gyroid, Diamond and I-WP.

4. A method for preparing a TPMS cell gradient transition structure SiOC ceramic according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MS cell gradient transition formula is as follows: Transition formula from Gyroid structure to Schwarz-P structure: F(x,y,z)=(1 / (1+exp(10.*x))).*((cos(2.*pi.*y).*sin(2.*pi.*x)+cos(2.*pi.*z).*sin(2.*pi.*y)+cos(2. *pi.*x).*sin(2.*pi.*z)))+(1-(1 / (1+exp(10.*x)))).*(cos(2.*pi.*x)+cos(2.*pi.*y)+cos(2.*pi.*z))-c; Wherein: F(x,y,z) is the boundary of the TPMS structure, x is the x-axis coordinate in the Cartesian space coordinate system, y is the y-axis coordinate in the Cartesian space coordinate system, z is the z-axis coordinate in the Cartesian space coordinate system, pi is the mathematical expression of pi, and c is the parameter that controls the surface offset; where c ranges from 0.1 to 1, and the porosity ranges from 50% to 90%.

5. A method for preparing a TPMS cell gradient transition structure SiOC ceramic as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The MS cell gradient transition formula is as follows: Diamond structure to Schwarz-P structure transition formula: F(x,y,z)=(1 / (1+exp(10.*x))).*((cos(2.*pi.*x).*cos(2.*pi.*y).*cos(2.*pi.*z))-(sin(2.*pi.*x).*sin( 2.*pi.*y).*sin(2.*pi.*z)))+(1-(1 / (1+exp(10.*x)))).*(cos(2.*pi.*x)+cos(2.*pi.*y)+cos(2.*pi.*z))-c; Wherein: F(x,y,z) is the boundary of the TPMS structure, x is the x-axis coordinate in the Cartesian space coordinate system, y is the y-axis coordinate in the Cartesian space coordinate system, z is the z-axis coordinate in the Cartesian space coordinate system, pi is the mathematical expression of pi, and c is the parameter for controlling the surface offset; where c ranges from 0.1 to 1, and the porosity ranges from 30% to 80%.

6. A method for preparing a TPMS cell gradient transition structure SiOC ceramic as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The MS cell gradient transition formula is as follows: Gyroid structure to Diamond structure transition formula: F(x,y,z)=(1 / (1+exp(10.*x))).*((cos(2.*pi.*y).*sin(2.*pi.*x)+cos(2.*pi.*z).*sin(2.*pi.*y)+cos(2.*pi.*x).*sin(2.*pi.*z)))+ (1-(1 / (1+exp(10.*x)))).*((cos(2.*pi.*x).*cos(2.*pi.*y).*cos(2.*pi.*z))-(sin(2.*pi.*x).*sin(2.*pi.*y).*sin(2.*pi.*z)))-c; Wherein: F(x,y,z) is the boundary of the TPMS structure, x is the x-axis coordinate in the Cartesian space coordinate system, y is the y-axis coordinate in the Cartesian space coordinate system, z is the z-axis coordinate in the Cartesian space coordinate system, pi is the mathematical expression of pi, and c is the parameter for controlling the surface offset; where c ranges from 0.1 to 1, and the porosity ranges from 30% to 80%.

7. A method for preparing a TPMS cell gradient transition structure SiOC ceramic according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2), the step of preparing the ceramic precursor body comprises: Mixing a polysiloxane solution and a photoinitiator to obtain a photosensitive ceramic precursor slurry; then subjecting the photosensitive ceramic precursor slurry to a photocuring treatment to obtain a ceramic precursor body; The mass of the photoinitiator is 0.5% to 3% of the mass of the polysiloxane solution.

8. A method for preparing a TPMS cell gradient transition structure SiOC ceramic as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The polysiloxane solution is an acrylate group siloxane solution; the photoinitiator is any one or more of diphenyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-phosphine oxide, phenyl bis-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-phosphine oxide, and 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl ethyl phosphate.

9. A method for preparing a TPMS cell gradient transition structure SiOC ceramic as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The photocuring treatment is as follows: placing the photosensitive ceramic precursor slurry in a photocuring device for photocuring treatment; the parameters of the photocuring device are set as follows: the layer thickness is 1-300 μm, the exposure intensity is 1-100 mW / cm 2 , exposure time is 0.5-30s, speed is 0.1-300mm / min.

10. The method for preparing the TPMS cell gradient transition structure SiOC ceramic according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3), the high temperature pyrolysis treatment comprises: heating the ceramic precursor body to 800-1200° C. in an inert atmosphere, keeping the temperature for 0.5-10 hours and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the SiOC ceramic.

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