Gearbox oil and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of gearbox oil preparation, and specifically relates to a gearbox oil and a preparation method thereof. The gearbox oil is composed of the following raw materials: sodium O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate, octyl acidic phosphate octadecylamine, 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), dialkyldithiocarbamate, triethanolamine borate ester, methylbenzotriazole, 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer, hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer, borated polyisobutylene succinimide, and the balance is base oil. The base oil is composed of ditrimethylolpropane tetraester, poly-α-olefin, palm oil, 1-n-butylnaphthalene, and dodecylphenol. For the gearbox oil of the present invention, the raw materials act synergistically, so that the prepared gearbox oil has good oxidation stability, corrosion resistance, and anti-wear properties.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of transmission oil preparation, and specifically relates to a transmission oil and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Transmission oil is an oil product that keeps the shift system clean and can ensure the normal operation of the transmission and extend the service life of the transmission device. With the continuous progress of automotive technology and the diversified development of transmission structures, higher requirements are put forward for the performance and compatibility of transmission oil, requiring the oil product to have good performance to meet the requirements of different vehicle models and transmissions. Automotive transmission oil can form a lubricating protective film between contact surfaces, protect equipment by improving lubrication performance, reducing friction, and decreasing wear, maintain the normal operation of the transmission, and extend its service life.

[0003] However, with the increasing requirements for the driving performance of fuel vehicles and the continuous progress of vehicle transmission technology, users have put forward higher requirements for the performance of transmission gear oil. From the perspective of use, everyone hopes that the transmission oil used has better lubrication effect, longer replacement interval mileage, and under harsh working conditions, the oil quality will gradually age and decay due to oxidation and other reasons, manifested as thickening, blackening, generating carbon deposits, sludge, etc., and at the same time resulting in increased fuel consumption, reduced power, poor shifting, accelerated wear of parts, earlier occurrence of failures or increased failure rate.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to explore a new type of transmission oil with excellent performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a transmission oil. The transmission oil has good oxidation stability, corrosion resistance, and anti-wear performance. The present invention also provides a preparation method thereof.

[0006] The transmission oil of the present invention is composed of the following raw materials in mass percentage: sodium O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate 3.5 - 4.5%, octyl acidic phosphate octadecylamine 1.8 - 2.8%, 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) 0.9 - 1.1%, dialkyldithiocarbamate 0.5 - 0.7%, triethanolamine borate 0.37 - 0.48%, methylbenzotriazole 0.13 - 0.15%, 2-acrylate butyl homopolymer 0.02 - 0.03%, hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer 0.25 - 0.27%, borated polyisobutylene succinimide 1.4 - 1.6%, and the balance is base oil. The base oil is composed of ditrimethylolpropane tetraester, poly-α-olefin, palm oil, 1-n-butylnaphthalene, and dodecylphenol.

[0007] Wherein:

[0008] The base oil, in terms of mass percentage, has the following raw material composition: dipentaerythritol ester 30 - 32%, poly-α-olefin 51 - 53%, palm oil 12 - 14%, 1-n-butylnaphthalene 2.5 - 2.7%, dodecylphenol 1.3 - 1.5%.

[0009] Preferably, the transmission fluid of the present invention, in terms of mass percentage, is composed of the following raw materials: sodium O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate 4.0%, octyl acidic phosphate octadecylamine 2.3%, 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) 1.0%, dialkyldithiocarbamate 0.6%, triethanolamine borate 0.42%, methylbenzotriazole 0.14%, 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer 0.025%, hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer 0.26%, boronated polyisobutylene succinimide 1.5%, and the balance is base oil, and the base oil is composed of dipentaerythritol ester, poly-α-olefin, palm oil, 1-n-butylnaphthalene, and dodecylphenol.

[0010] The preparation method of the transmission fluid of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0011] (1) Heat the base oil to 35 - 40 °C, and then add sodium O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate and octyl acidic phosphate octadecylamine for mixing to obtain a first mixture;

[0012] (2) Heat the first mixture prepared in step (1) to 55 - 60 °C, and then add hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer for mixing to obtain a second mixture;

[0013] (3) Cool the second mixture prepared in step (2) to 40 - 50 °C, and then add 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), dialkyldithiocarbamate, triethanolamine borate, methylbenzotriazole, 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer, and boronated polyisobutylene succinimide and mix evenly to obtain the transmission fluid.

[0014] Wherein:

[0015] In step (1), the mixing time is 30 - 35 min.

[0016] In step (2), the mixing time is 25 - 28 min.

[0017] In step (3), the mixing time is 53 - 57 min.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1)The transmission fluid of the present invention has good oxidation stability, corrosion resistance and anti-wear property due to the synergistic effect among the raw materials. Among them, the combination of octyl acid phosphate octadecylamine and sodium O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate endows the prepared transmission fluid with certain anti-wear property. Octyl acid phosphate octadecylamine binds to the metal surface through chemical adsorption to form a stable adsorption layer, which has high hardness and stability and can effectively prevent direct contact between metals, thereby reducing friction and wear. The addition of sodium O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate can significantly reduce the friction coefficient between friction pairs, reduce energy loss and improve transmission efficiency. Therefore, the combination of octyl acid phosphate octadecylamine and sodium O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate endows the prepared transmission fluid with certain anti-wear property by forming an adsorption layer and reducing the friction coefficient between friction pairs. The combination of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) and dialkyldithiocarbamate endows the prepared transmission fluid with good oxidation resistance. The molecule of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) contains multiple tert-butyl groups and a stable bisphenol structure. This compound exhibits excellent oxidation resistance and thermal stability at high temperatures. Its addition can effectively reduce the formation of sludge and deposits and significantly extend the oxidation induction period of the transmission fluid. Dialkyldithiocarbamate delays the aging time of the transmission fluid by scavenging free radicals and inhibiting oxidation chain reactions. The combination of triethanolamine borate and methylbenzotriazole endows the prepared transmission fluid with good rust prevention property. The hydrolysis stability of triethanolamine borate is significantly improved by forming an N→B coordination bond in the molecule, and it can maintain a long-term rust prevention effect in a humid environment. The polar groups in the molecule of methylbenzotriazole can be adsorbed on the oil-metal interface directionally by means of Coulomb force or chemical bond to form a dense protective film, effectively preventing corrosion and rust of metal components such as gears and bearings. Poly(n-butyl acrylate) has good anti-foaming property and is not easily precipitated in the transmission fluid. The hydrogenated styrene-diene copolymer has a special hydrogenated structure. Its addition enables it to maintain a sufficient oil film thickness at high temperatures to provide protection, and at the same time maintain the low-temperature fluidity of the transmission fluid at low temperatures. Borated polyisobutylene succinimide is added as a dispersant, which can disperse impurities and deposits on the metal surface into the oil to prevent further damage to the metal surface.

[0020] (2) The transmission oil of the present invention uses a mixture of ditrimethylolpropane tetraester, poly-α-olefin, palm oil, 1-n-butylnaphthalene, and dodecylphenol as the base oil. Among them, poly-α-olefin has stable chemical properties. Using poly-α-olefin as the main component of the base oil can extend the oil change cycle of the transmission oil. Ditrimethylolpropane tetraester has good high-temperature resistance and can maintain a stable lubricating effect in high-temperature environments, which is beneficial for the lubrication and protection of the transmission during high-load and long-term operation. Palm oil has certain extreme pressure and anti-wear properties and can effectively protect gears and other components in the high-temperature and high-pressure environment of the transmission, extending their service life. In addition, 1-n-butylnaphthalene and dodecylphenol are added. The addition of 1-n-butylnaphthalene can improve the low-temperature fluidity of the base oil, enabling the transmission oil to quickly flow to each lubricating part during low-temperature startup and reducing wear during cold startup. Dodecylphenol has good solubility and surface activity, can help remove impurities such as sludge and carbon deposits inside the transmission, keep the inside of the transmission clean, and reduce problems such as oil passage blockage and oil pump wear caused by impurities.

[0021] (3) The preparation method of the transmission oil of the present invention has a simple process and easy-to-control parameters. Specific embodiments

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0023] Embodiment 1

[0024] The transmission oil described in Embodiment 1 consists of the following raw materials in terms of mass percentage: sodium O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate 4.0%, octyl acidic phosphate octadecylamine 2.3%, 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) 1.0%, dialkyldithiocarbamate 0.6%, triethanolamine borate 0.42%, methylbenzotriazole 0.14%, 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer 0.025%, hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer 0.26%, borated polyisobutylene succinimide 1.5%, and the balance is the base oil. The base oil consists of ditrimethylolpropane tetraester, poly-α-olefin, palm oil, 1-n-butylnaphthalene, and dodecylphenol.

[0025] Among them:

[0026] The base oil, in terms of mass percentage, has the following raw material composition: ditrimethylolpropane tetraester 31%, poly-α-olefin 53%, palm oil 12%, 1-n-butylnaphthalene 2.6%, and dodecylphenol 1.4%.

[0027] The preparation method of the transmission oil described in Embodiment 1 consists of the following steps:

[0028] (1) Heat the base oil to 37 °C, then add sodium O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate and octyl acidic phosphate octadecylamine and mix them to prepare a first mixture;

[0029] (2) Heat the first mixture prepared in step (1) to 57 °C, then add a hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer and mix them to prepare a second mixture;

[0030] (3) Cool the second mixture prepared in step (2) to 45 °C, then add 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), dialkyldithiocarbamate, triethanolamine borate ester, methylbenzotriazole, poly(n-butyl acrylate) homopolymer, and borated polyisobutylene succinimide and mix them evenly to prepare a transmission fluid.

[0031] Among them:

[0032] In step (1), the mixing time is 37 min.

[0033] In step (2), the mixing time is 27 min.

[0034] In step (3), the mixing time is 55 min.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] The transmission fluid described in this Example 2 is composed of the following raw materials in mass percentage: 3.5% of sodium O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate, 2.8% of octyl acidic phosphate octadecylamine, 1.1% of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 0.5% of dialkyldithiocarbamate, 0.37% of triethanolamine borate ester, 0.15% of methylbenzotriazole, 0.03% of poly(n-butyl acrylate) homopolymer, 0.27% of hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer, 1.4% of borated polyisobutylene succinimide, and the balance is base oil. The base oil is composed of ditrimethylolpropane tetraester, poly-α-olefin, palm oil, 1-n-butylnaphthalene, and dodecylphenol.

[0037] Among them:

[0038] The base oil, in mass percentage, has the following raw material composition: 30% of ditrimethylolpropane tetraester, 52% of poly-α-olefin, 14% of palm oil, 2.5% of 1-n-butylnaphthalene, and 1.5% of dodecylphenol.

[0039] The preparation method of the transmission fluid described in this Example 2 consists of the following steps:

[0040] (1) Heat the base oil to 35 °C, then add sodium O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate and octyl acidic phosphate octadecylamine and mix them to prepare a first mixture;

[0041] (2) Heat the first mixture prepared in step (1) to 55 °C, then add a hydrogenated styrene-diene copolymer for mixing to obtain a second mixture;

[0042] (3)Cool the second mixture prepared in step (2) to 50 °C, then add 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), dialkyldithiocarbamate, triethanolamine borate ester, methylbenzotriazole, homopolymer of butyl acrylate, and borated polyisobutylene succinimide and mix evenly to obtain a transmission fluid.

[0043] Wherein:

[0044] In step (1), the mixing time is 35 min.

[0045] In step (2), the mixing time is 28 min.

[0046] In step (3), the mixing time is 57 min.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] The transmission fluid described in this Example 3 is composed of the following raw materials by mass percentage: sodium O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate 4.5%, octyl acidic phosphate octadecylamine 1.8%, 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) 0.9%, dialkyldithiocarbamate 0.7%, triethanolamine borate ester 0.48%, methylbenzotriazole 0.13%, homopolymer of butyl acrylate 0.02%, hydrogenated styrene-diene copolymer 0.25%, borated polyisobutylene succinimide 1.6%, and the balance is base oil. The base oil is composed of ditrimethylolpropane tetraester, poly-α-olefin, palm oil, 1-n-butylnaphthalene, and dodecylphenol.

[0049] Wherein:

[0050] The base oil, by mass percentage, has the following raw material composition: ditrimethylolpropane tetraester 32%, poly-α-olefin 51%, palm oil 13%, 1-n-butylnaphthalene 2.7%, and dodecylphenol 1.3%.

[0051] The preparation method of the transmission fluid described in this Example 3 consists of the following steps:

[0052] (1) Heat the base oil to 40 °C, then add sodium O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate and octyl acidic phosphate octadecylamine for mixing to obtain a first mixture;

[0053] (2) Heat the first mixture prepared in step (1) to 60°C, then add a hydrogenated styrene-diene copolymer for mixing to obtain a second mixture;

[0054] (3) Cool the second mixture prepared in step (2) to 40°C, then add 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), dialkyldithiocarbamate, triethanolamine borate ester, methylbenzotriazole, homopolymer of butyl acrylate, and borated polyisobutylene succinimide and mix evenly to obtain a transmission fluid.

[0055] Wherein:

[0056] The mixing time in step (1) is 30 min.

[0057] The mixing time in step (2) is 25 min.

[0058] The mixing time in step (3) is 53 min.

[0059] Comparative Example 1

[0060] The preparation method of the transmission fluid described in this Comparative Example 1 is the same as that of Example 1, and the only difference is the raw material composition. The transmission fluid described in this Comparative Example 1 is composed of the following raw materials in mass percentage: 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) 1.0%, dialkyldithiocarbamate 0.6%, triethanolamine borate ester 0.42%, methylbenzotriazole 0.14%, homopolymer of butyl acrylate 0.025%, hydrogenated styrene-diene copolymer 0.26%, borated polyisobutylene succinimide 1.5%, and the balance is base oil, and the base oil is composed of ditrimethylolpropane tetraester, poly-α-olefin, palm oil, 1-n-butylnaphthalene, and dodecylphenol.

[0061] Wherein:

[0062] The base oil, in mass percentage, has the following raw material composition: ditrimethylolpropane tetraester 31%, poly-α-olefin 53%, palm oil 12%, 1-n-butylnaphthalene 2.6%, and dodecylphenol 1.4%.

[0063] Comparative Example 2

[0064] The preparation method of the transmission oil described in Comparative Example 2 is the same as that in Example 1, and the only difference lies in the raw material composition. The transmission oil described in Comparative Example 2 is composed of the following raw materials in terms of mass percentage: sodium O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate 4.0%, octyl acidic phosphate octadecylamine 2.3%, triethanolamine borate 0.42%, methylbenzotriazole 0.14%, 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer 0.025%, hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer 0.26%, borated polyisobutylene succinimide 1.5%, and the balance is base oil, and the base oil is composed of ditrimethylolpropane tetraester, poly-α-olefin, palm oil, 1-n-butylnaphthalene, and dodecylphenol.

[0065] Among them:

[0066] The base oil, in terms of mass percentage, has the following raw material composition: ditrimethylolpropane tetraester 31%, poly-α-olefin 53%, palm oil 12%, 1-n-butylnaphthalene 2.6%, and dodecylphenol 1.4%.

[0067] Comparative Example 3

[0068] The preparation method of the transmission oil described in Comparative Example 3 is the same as that in Example 1, and the only difference lies in the raw material composition. The transmission oil described in Comparative Example 3 is composed of the following raw materials in terms of mass percentage: sodium O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate 4.0%, octyl acidic phosphate octadecylamine 2.3%, 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) 1.0%, dialkyldithiocarbamate 0.6%, 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer 0.025%, hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer 0.26%, borated polyisobutylene succinimide 1.5%, and the balance is base oil, and the base oil is composed of ditrimethylolpropane tetraester, poly-α-olefin, palm oil, 1-n-butylnaphthalene, and dodecylphenol.

[0069] Among them:

[0070] The base oil, in terms of mass percentage, has the following raw material composition: ditrimethylolpropane tetraester 31%, poly-α-olefin 53%, palm oil 12%, 1-n-butylnaphthalene 2.6%, and dodecylphenol 1.4%.

[0071] Comparative Example 4

[0072] The preparation method of the transmission fluid described in Comparative Example 4 is the same as that of Example 1, and the only difference lies in the raw material composition. The transmission fluid described in Comparative Example 4 is composed of the following raw materials in mass percentage: sodium O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate 4.0%, octyl acidic phosphate octadecylamine 2.3%, 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) 1.0%, dialkyldithiocarbamate 0.6%, triethanolamine borate 0.42%, methylbenzotriazole 0.14%, 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer 0.025%, hydrogenated styrene-diene copolymer 0.26%, borated polyisobutylene succinimide 1.5%, and the balance is base oil. The base oil is composed of ditrimethylolpropane tetraester, poly-α-olefin, palm oil, 1-n-butylnaphthalene, and dodecylphenol.

[0073] Among them:

[0074] The base oil, in mass percentage, has the following raw material composition: ditrimethylolpropane tetraester 33%, poly-α-olefin 55%, palm oil 12%.

[0075] Performance tests were carried out on the transmission fluids prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4. Among them, the test basis for kinematic viscosity is GB / T 265-1988; the test basis for flash point is GB / T 3536-2008; the kinematic viscosity growth rate at 100 °C is used to determine the oxidation stability of the transmission fluid according to the DKA oxidation test (CEC-L-48-A-00). The smaller the viscosity change rate, the better the oxidation stability of the transmission fluid; according to the copper strip corrosion test method for petroleum products GB / T 5096-2017, the copper corrosion grade of the sample is determined, which is divided into grades 1-4. The higher the grade, the worse the copper corrosion performance; the wear scar diameter is measured by the four-ball test method; the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0076] Table 1 Performance test results of transmission fluid

[0077]

Claims

1. A gearbox oil, characterized in that: It consists of the following raw materials by mass percentage: sodium O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate 3.5 - 4.5%, octyl acidic phosphate octadecylamine 1.8 - 2.8%, 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) 0.9 - 1.1%, dialkyldithiocarbamate 0.5 - 0.7%, triethanolamine borate 0.37 - 0.48%, methylbenzotriazole 0.13 - 0.15%, 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer 0.02 - 0.03%, hydrogenated styrene-diene copolymer 0.25 - 0.27%, borated polyisobutylene succinimide 1.4 - 1.6%, and the balance is base oil. The base oil consists of the following raw materials by mass percentage: ditrimethylolpropane tetraester 30 - 32%, poly-α-olefin 51 - 53%, palm oil 12 - 14%, 1-n-butylnaphthalene 2.5 - 2.7%, dodecylphenol 1.3 - 1.5%.

2. The gearbox oil according to claim 1, wherein: It consists of the following raw materials by mass percentage: sodium O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate 4.0%, octyl acidic phosphate octadecylamine 2.3%, 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) 1.0%, dialkyldithiocarbamate 0.6%, triethanolamine borate 0.42%, methylbenzotriazole 0.14%, 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer 0.025%, hydrogenated styrene-diene copolymer 0.26%, borated polyisobutylene succinimide 1.5%, and the balance is base oil.

3. The preparation method of the gearbox oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: It consists of the following steps: (1)Heat the base oil to 35 - 40 °C, then add sodium O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate and octyl acidic phosphate octadecylamine and mix to obtain the first mixture; (2)Heat the first mixture prepared in step (1) to 55 - 60 °C, then add hydrogenated styrene-diene copolymer and mix to obtain the second mixture; (3)Cool the second mixture prepared in step (2) to 40 - 50 °C, then add 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), dialkyldithiocarbamate, triethanolamine borate, methylbenzotriazole, 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer, and borated polyisobutylene succinimide and mix evenly to obtain the transmission oil.

4. The preparation method of the gearbox oil according to claim 3, wherein: The mixing time in step (1) is 30 - 35 min.

5. The preparation method of the gearbox oil according to claim 3, wherein: The mixing time in step (2) is 25 - 28 min.

6. The preparation method of the gearbox oil according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mixing time in step (3) is 53 - 57 min.

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