Shock absorption damper for petroleum drilling

Abstract

The invention discloses a shock-absorbing damper for petroleum drilling, which belongs to the technical field of shock-absorbing dampers and comprises an outer shell, an external drill rod is connected to the inside of the outer shell, and an external drill bit is rotatably connected to the bottom of the external drill rod through a transmission shaft. According to the device, the speed reduction assembly and the movable balancing weight are arranged, and the friction lining is driven to move towards one side through an extrusion block, an extrusion wheel, a second spring, a transmission rod, an extrusion ring, a diaphragm spring and a transmission plate, so that the friction lining and the speed reduction plate are attached to each other, and the fixed box is decelerated through friction force generated between the friction lining and the speed reduction plate; the fixed box reduces the rotating speed of an external drill bit through the transmission shaft, self-adaptive speed reduction regulation and control of the drill bit are achieved, overspeed of the drill bit is avoided, the possibility of drill jumping is reduced, the situation that the drill bit slips due to the fact that the engagement suddenly becomes small is avoided, and therefore it is guaranteed that sufficient friction power exists between the drill bit and an underground rock stratum; and the drilling stability and the coping property to emergencies are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of shock absorbing dampers, and in particular relates to a shock absorbing damper for oil drilling. Background Art

[0002] Shock absorbers for oil drilling are devices used to reduce vibration and impact during drilling. They are usually installed on drill pipes and can extend the service life of key components such as drill bits and drill pipes, and reduce maintenance frequency. They are an indispensable part of drilling equipment.

[0003] The document with the publication number CN117552727A discloses a novel drilling shock absorber device and shock absorption method. When the drill bit moves up, it drives the working float on the steel rod to move upward to squeeze the gas in the tube. The floating piston gives the working piston a reaction force to reset the working piston to reduce the longitudinal vibration. At the same time, the object is pushed to squeeze the spring to deform it. The spring absorbs part of the energy to reduce the vibration. The flange rotates with the movement direction of the drill string. The upper mass block and the lower baffle give the flange a reverse reaction force in the movement direction to reduce the vibration. When the drill string deviates, the straightening device squeezes the spring through the steel ball. The spring converts mechanical energy into elastic potential energy, thereby storing the energy. When the external force disappears, the spring is compressed and restored, giving the ball a reaction force to push the ball back to its original position. The reset of the ball drives the drill rod to reset at the same time, thereby playing a straightening role on the device. In the actual application process, if the drill bit rotates too fast, the cutting amount will suddenly decrease, causing the drill bit to slip, thereby affecting the drilling effect. Therefore, it is necessary to improve it. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the drill bit rotates too fast, causing the cutting depth to suddenly decrease and causing the drill bit to slip, and to propose a shock absorbing damper for oil drilling.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A shock absorbing damper for oil drilling, comprising an outer shell, an external drill rod is connected to the inside of the outer shell, an external drill bit is rotatably connected to the bottom of the external drill rod through a transmission shaft, an anti-sway component is arranged inside the outer shell, a speed reduction component is arranged on one side of the outer shell, a speed reduction component is arranged inside the speed reduction component, and a plurality of protective members in a circumferential array are connected to the outer surface of the outer shell; The deceleration assembly includes a fixed box, a mounting plate is provided on one side of the fixed box, a plurality of transmission rods are slidably connected in the fixed box, and one end of the plurality of transmission rods extends to the inside of the mounting plate and is connected to the same extrusion ring, a diaphragm spring is provided on one side of the extrusion ring, the diaphragm spring is connected in the mounting plate, a transmission plate is slidably connected in the mounting plate, a plurality of friction linings distributed in a circular array are connected to one side of the transmission plate, a deceleration plate is connected to one side of the outer shell, the friction lining is opposite to the deceleration plate, and the transmission plate is driven by the pressure of the diaphragm spring to fit the friction lining and the deceleration plate together, and the friction force generated by the two slows down the external drill bit.

[0006] As a further description of the above technical solution: The end of the transmission rod away from the extrusion ring is connected to the extrusion wheel, and a second spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the transmission rod, and the two ends of the second spring are respectively connected to one side of the extrusion wheel and the top of the inner wall of the fixed box; the end of the extrusion wheel away from the transmission rod is fitted with a movable counterweight block, and the bottom side of the movable counterweight block is fitted with the bottom of the inner wall of the fixed box; the side of the movable counterweight block away from the inner wall of the fixed box is connected to the extrusion block, and one side of the extrusion block is fitted with the extrusion wheel, and one side of the extrusion block is set as an inclined surface.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: A plurality of mounting grooves distributed in a circumferential array are provided on the outer circumference of the mounting plate, and connecting spring pieces are connected in the mounting grooves. One end of the plurality of connecting spring pieces close to the axis of the mounting plate is connected to one side of the transmission plate.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: The fixed box is connected to the outer surface of the transmission shaft, the mounting plate is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the external drill pipe, and the axes of the fixed box, mounting plate, extrusion ring, diaphragm spring, transmission plate and deceleration plate are all located on the same axis.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: A fixed telescopic rod is connected to one side of the movable counterweight block, and the other end of the fixed telescopic rod is connected to one side of the inner wall of the fixed box. Multiple fixed telescopic rods are distributed in a circular array along the axis of the fixed box, and a first spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the fixed telescopic rod, and both ends of the first spring are respectively connected to one side of the movable counterweight block and one side of the inner wall of the fixed box.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: The deceleration assembly includes a plurality of piston cylinders distributed in a circular array, the piston cylinders being connected to one side of the inner wall of a fixed box, a movable piston being slidably connected inside the piston cylinder, a movable rod being connected to one side of the movable piston, an end of the movable rod away from the movable piston extending to the outside of the piston cylinder, and one end of the movable rod located outside the piston cylinder being connected to one side of a movable counterweight block.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: Hydraulic oil is stored in the piston cylinder, and a plurality of flow holes distributed in a circumferential array are opened on one side of the movable piston, and the flow holes are used for the flow of hydraulic oil.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: The anti-sway assembly includes two symmetrically arranged connecting frames, a plurality of mounting rings distributed in a circular array are connected between the two connecting frames, a counterweight hollow ball is connected inside the mounting ring, counterweight quicksand is arranged inside the counterweight hollow ball, two fixing frames are connected to the outer surface of the external drill pipe, the cross-sectional shapes of the fixing frames and the connecting frames are both annular, a plurality of buffer springs for absorbing energy are connected between the fixing frames and the connecting frames, the plurality of buffer springs are distributed in an equiangular circular array along the axial position of the fixing frames, and the two ends of the buffer springs are respectively connected to the outer peripheral side of the fixing frame and the inner peripheral side of the connecting frame.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: The two connecting frames are both sleeved on the outer surface of the external drill rod, and there is a gap between the inner wall of the connecting frame and the inner wall of the external drill rod.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution: The bottom of the inner wall of the outer shell is rotatably connected to a plurality of rotating seats distributed in a circular array, one side of the rotating seat is hinged with a damping telescopic rod, the end of the damping telescopic rod away from the rotating seat is hinged with an articulated seat, the end of the articulated seat away from the damping telescopic rod is rotatably connected to one side of the connecting frame, and the top of the inner wall of the outer shell is connected to a plurality of limiting ropes distributed in a circular array, and the end of the limiting rope away from the inner wall of the outer shell is connected to one side of another connecting frame.

[0015] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In the present invention, by setting a speed reduction component, when the drill bit rotates too fast, the centrifugal force generated by the rotating box increases, so that the movable counterweight block moves toward the outer peripheral side of the rotating box, and the movable counterweight block drives the friction lining to move to one side through the extrusion block, the extrusion wheel, the second spring, the transmission rod, the extrusion ring, the diaphragm spring and the transmission plate, so that the friction lining and the speed reduction plate are in contact with each other, and the fixed box is decelerated by the friction force generated between the two. The fixed box reduces the rotation speed of the external drill bit through the transmission shaft, and realizes adaptive deceleration control of the drill bit, avoids the overspeed of the drill bit, thereby reducing the possibility of its drilling jump, and avoids the situation where the drill bit slips due to a sudden decrease in cutting amount, thereby ensuring that there is sufficient friction power between the drill bit and the underground rock formation, improving the stability of drilling and the responsiveness to emergencies.

[0016] 2. In the present invention, by arranging an anti-sway component, when the external drill rod shakes, the counterweight hollow ball and the counterweight quicksand are affected by their own inertia, and cooperate with the vibration-absorbing telescopic rod and the buffer spring to absorb and consume energy of the shaking of the external drill rod, thereby reducing the shaking amplitude of the outer shell and the external drill rod, and accelerating the recovery speed of the outer shell and the external drill rod, so that the external drill rod can drill more stably under the surface, reduce the kinetic energy loss of the drill bit in the formation, and improve the stability of drilling.

[0017] 3. In the present invention, by setting a deceleration component, during the movement of the moving counterweight block, the moving piston and the circulation hole need to overcome the resistance of the hydraulic oil during the movement, thereby slowing down the movement or reset speed of the moving rod, keeping the speed of the moving counterweight block stable during the movement and reset process, and reducing the reciprocating swing of the subsequent moving counterweight block caused by the disturbance of the elastic force of the first spring, thereby improving the overall stability of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure from another viewing angle of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional split structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional split structure from another viewing angle of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a partially three-dimensional split structure of the speed reduction assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 The enlarged structural diagram of part A in the middle; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of a retarder assembly of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the speed reduction assembly of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the outer shell of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the anti-sway component of the present invention.

[0019] Legend: 1. External drill bit; 2. External drill rod; 3. External housing; 4. Speed ​​reduction assembly; 401. Speed ​​reducer; 402. Friction lining; 403. Transmission plate; 404. Diaphragm spring; 405. Mounting plate; 406. Extrusion ring; 407. Fixed box; 408. Transmission rod; 409. Mobile counterweight; 410. First spring; 411. Fixed telescopic rod; 412. Extrusion block; 413. Second spring; 414. Extrusion wheel; 415, connecting spring piece; 416, installation slot; 5, protective part; 6, anti-sway assembly; 601, rotating seat; 602, vibration-damping telescopic rod; 603, counterweight hollow ball; 604, mounting ring; 605, limiting rope; 606, connecting frame; 607, fixing frame; 608, buffer spring; 7, deceleration assembly; 701, moving rod; 702, piston cylinder; 703, moving piston; 704, circulation hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] See also Figure 1-Figure 10 , the present invention provides a technical solution: A shock absorbing damper for oil drilling comprises an outer shell 3, an external drill rod 2 is connected to the inside of the outer shell 3, an external drill bit 1 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the external drill rod 2 via a transmission shaft, an anti-sway component 6 is arranged inside the outer shell 3, a speed reduction component 4 is arranged on one side of the outer shell 3, a speed reduction component 7 is arranged inside the speed reduction component 4, and a plurality of protective members 5 in a circumferential array are connected to the outer surface of the outer shell 3.

[0022] The deceleration assembly 4 includes a fixed box 407, a mounting plate 405 is provided on one side of the fixed box 407, a plurality of transmission rods 408 are slidably connected in the fixed box 407, and one end of the plurality of transmission rods 408 extends to the inside of the mounting plate 405 and is connected to the same extrusion ring 406, a diaphragm spring 404 is provided on one side of the extrusion ring 406, the diaphragm spring 404 is connected to the mounting plate 405, a transmission plate 403 is slidably connected in the mounting plate 405, a plurality of friction linings 402 distributed in a circumferential array are connected to one side of the transmission plate 403, a deceleration plate 401 is connected to one side of the outer shell 3, and the friction lining The plate 402 is directly opposite to the deceleration plate 401. After the transmission plate 403 is subjected to the pressure of the diaphragm spring 404, the friction lining 402 and the deceleration plate 401 are pressed against each other. The friction force generated by the two slows down the external drill bit 1. The end of the transmission rod 408 away from the extrusion ring 406 is connected to the extrusion wheel 414. The outer surface of the transmission rod 408 is sleeved with a second spring 413. The two ends of the second spring 413 are respectively connected to one side of the extrusion wheel 414 and the top of the inner wall of the fixed box 407. The end of the extrusion wheel 414 away from the transmission rod 408 is pressed against the movable counterweight block 409. The bottom of the movable counterweight block 409 One side is fitted with the bottom of the inner wall of the fixed box 407, and the side of the movable counterweight block 409 away from the inner wall of the fixed box 407 is connected with an extrusion block 412, and one side of the extrusion block 412 is fitted with an extrusion wheel 414, and one side of the extrusion block 412 is set as an inclined surface. A plurality of mounting grooves 416 distributed in a circumferential array are opened on the outer peripheral side of the mounting plate 405, and a connecting spring 415 is connected in the mounting groove 416. One end of the plurality of connecting springs 415 close to the axis position of the mounting plate 405 is connected to one side of the transmission plate 403, the fixed box 407 is connected to the outer surface of the transmission shaft, and the mounting plate 405 is connected to the outer surface of the external drill rod 2 Rotationally connected, the axes of the fixed box 407, the mounting plate 405, the extrusion ring 406, the diaphragm spring 404, the transmission plate 403 and the speed reducer 401 are all located on the same axis, a fixed telescopic rod 411 is connected to one side of the movable counterweight block 409, and the other end of the fixed telescopic rod 411 is connected to one side of the inner wall of the fixed box 407. A plurality of fixed telescopic rods 411 are distributed in a circular array along the axis of the fixed box 407, and a first spring 410 is sleeved on the outer surface of the fixed telescopic rod 411, and two ends of the first spring 410 are respectively connected to one side of the movable counterweight block 409 and one side of the inner wall of the fixed box 407.

[0023] The specific implementation method is as follows: by setting a speed reduction component 4, when the drill bit rotates too fast, the centrifugal force generated by the rotating box increases, so that the movable counterweight block 409 moves toward the outer peripheral side of the rotating box, and the movable counterweight block 409 drives the friction lining 402 to move to one side through the extrusion block 412, the extrusion wheel 414, the second spring 413, the transmission rod 408, the extrusion ring 406, the diaphragm spring 404 and the transmission plate 403, so that the friction lining 402 and the speed reduction plate 401 are in contact with each other, and the fixed box 407 is decelerated by the friction force generated between the two. The fixed box 407 reduces the rotation speed of the external drill bit 1 through the transmission shaft, realizes adaptive deceleration control of the drill bit, avoids overspeeding of the drill bit, thereby reducing the possibility of its drilling jump, and avoids the situation where the drill bit slips due to a sudden decrease in cutting amount, thereby ensuring that there is sufficient friction power between the drill bit and the underground rock formation.

[0024] The anti-sway component 6 includes two symmetrically arranged connecting frames 606, a plurality of mounting rings 604 distributed in a circumferential array are connected between the two connecting frames 606, a counterweight hollow ball 603 is connected inside the mounting ring 604, and a counterweight quicksand is arranged inside the counterweight hollow ball 603, and two fixing frames 607 are connected to the outer surface of the external drill pipe 2, and the cross-sectional shapes of the fixing frames 607 and the connecting frames 606 are both annular, and a plurality of buffer springs 608 for absorbing energy are connected between the fixing frames 607 and the connecting frames 606, and the plurality of buffer springs 608 are distributed in an equiangular circumferential array along the axis position of the fixing frames 607, and the two ends of the buffer spring 608 are respectively connected to the outer peripheral side of the fixing frame 607 and the connecting frame The inner circumference of the frame 606 is connected, and the two connecting frames 606 are both sleeved on the outer surface of the external drill rod 2, and there is a gap between the inner wall of the connecting frame 606 and the inner wall of the external drill rod 2. The bottom of the inner wall of the outer shell 3 is rotatably connected with a plurality of rotating seats 601 distributed in a circular array, one side of the rotating seat 601 is hinged with a damping telescopic rod 602, and the end of the damping telescopic rod 602 away from the rotating seat 601 is hinged with a hinge seat, and the end of the hinge seat away from the damping telescopic rod 602 is rotatably connected to one side of the connecting frame 606, and the top of the inner wall of the outer shell 3 is connected with a plurality of limiting ropes 605 distributed in a circular array, and the end of the limiting rope 605 away from the inner wall of the outer shell 3 is connected to one side of another connecting frame 606.

[0025] The specific implementation method is as follows: by setting an anti-sway component 6, when the external drill rod 2 shakes, the counterweight hollow ball 603 and the counterweight quicksand are affected by their own inertia, and cooperate with the vibration-damping telescopic rod 602 and the buffer spring 608 to absorb and consume energy of the shaking of the external drill rod 2, thereby reducing the shaking amplitude of the outer shell 3 and the external drill rod 2, and accelerating the recovery speed of the outer shell 3 and the external drill rod 2, so that the external drill rod 2 can drill more stably under the surface, reducing the kinetic energy loss of the drill bit in the formation, and multiple buffer springs 608 can increase the energy absorption effect. At the same time, multiple vibration-damping telescopic rods 602 cooperate with the rotating seat 601 and the articulated seat to limit and buffer the connecting frame 606 to a certain extent, thereby improving its energy consumption effect.

[0026] The deceleration component 7 includes a plurality of piston cylinders 702 distributed in a circular array, the piston cylinder 702 is connected to one side of the inner wall of the fixed box 407, a mobile piston 703 is slidably connected inside the piston cylinder 702, a mobile rod 701 is connected to one side of the mobile piston 703, one end of the mobile rod 701 away from the mobile piston 703 extends to the outside of the piston cylinder 702, and one end of the mobile rod 701 located outside the piston cylinder 702 is connected to one side of the mobile counterweight 409, hydraulic oil is stored in the piston cylinder 702, and a plurality of flow holes 704 distributed in a circular array are opened on one side of the mobile piston 703, and the flow holes 704 are used for the circulation of hydraulic oil.

[0027] The specific implementation method is as follows: by setting a deceleration component 7, during the movement of the moving counterweight block 409, the moving piston 703 and the flow hole 704 need to overcome the resistance of the hydraulic oil during the movement, thereby slowing down the movement or reset speed of the moving rod 701, keeping the speed of the moving counterweight block 409 stable during the movement and reset process, and reducing the reciprocating swing of the subsequent moving counterweight block 409 caused by the disturbance of the elastic force of the first spring 410, thereby improving the overall stability of the device.

[0028] Working principle: When in use, the external drill rod 2 drives the external drill bit 1 to drill under the surface. When the drill bit rotates at a normal speed, the transmission shaft drives the rotating box to rotate, the rotating box drives multiple transmission rods 408 to rotate, and the transmission rods 408 drive the mounting plate 405 to rotate normally. At this time, the friction lining 402 will not contact the speed reducer 401.

[0029] When the drill bit rotates too fast, the transmission shaft drives the rotating box to overspeed. At this time, the centrifugal force generated by the rotating box increases, and the movable counterweight block 409 overcomes the pulling force of the first spring 410, so that the movable counterweight block 409 moves toward the outer peripheral side of the rotating box. The movable counterweight block 409 drives the extrusion block 412 to move to one side, and the extrusion block 412 drives the extrusion wheel 414 to move upward. The extrusion wheel 414 overcomes the pressure of the second spring 413 and drives the transmission rod 408 to move upward. The multiple moving rods 701 drive the extrusion ring 406 to squeeze the diaphragm spring 404. The diaphragm spring 404 is driven by the extrusion ring 406 to bend toward the other side. The driving plate 403 and the friction lining 402 are bent, thereby driving the driving plate 403 and the friction lining 402 to move to one side. At this time, the connecting spring piece 415 is stretched under the drive of the driving plate 403, and the friction lining 402 and the deceleration plate 401 cooperate with each other to decelerate the drill bit. After the drill bit is decelerated, the centrifugal force on the movable counterweight block 409 is reduced, and the movable counterweight block 409 is reset under the drive of the first spring 410. The squeezing block 412 releases the pressure on the squeezing wheel 414, so that the driving rod 408 is reset under the drive of the second spring 413, thereby resetting the diaphragm spring 404 and the driving plate 403, and separating the friction lining 402 from the deceleration plate 401.

[0030] And during the movement and resetting of the movable counterweight block 409, the movable counterweight block 409 drives the movable rod 701 to move, and the movable rod 701 drives the movable piston 703 to move in the piston cylinder 702. Since hydraulic oil is arranged in the piston cylinder 702, the movable piston 703 and the circulation hole 704 need to overcome the resistance of the hydraulic oil during the movement, thereby slowing down the movement or resetting speed of the movable rod 701 and ensuring the stability of the movable counterweight block 409.

[0031] When the external drill rod 2 shakes due to external force or deceleration, the external drill rod 2 drives the outer shell 3 to shake, and the outer shell 3 drives the connecting frame 606 to shake through multiple limiting ropes 605, and the connecting frame 606 drives multiple counterweight hollow balls 603 and the internal counterweight quicksand to shake. Since the counterweight hollow balls 603 and the counterweight quicksand are affected by their own inertia, they can absorb and consume energy of the shaking of the external drill rod 2 in conjunction with the vibration-damping telescopic rod 602 and the buffer spring 608, and the stability of the external drill rod 2 can be improved accordingly.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shock absorbing damper for oil drilling, comprising an outer shell (3), the outer shell (3) is internally connected to an external drill rod (2), the bottom of the external drill rod (2) is rotatably connected to an external drill bit (1) via a transmission shaft, characterized in that: An anti-sway component (6) is arranged inside the outer shell (3), a speed reduction component (4) is arranged on one side of the outer shell (3), a deceleration component (7) is arranged inside the speed reduction component (4), and a plurality of protective elements (5) arranged in a circumferential array are connected to the outer surface of the outer shell (3); The deceleration assembly (4) comprises a fixed box (407), a mounting plate (405) is arranged on one side of the fixed box (407), a plurality of transmission rods (408) are slidably connected in the fixed box (407), one end of the plurality of transmission rods (408) extends into the interior of the mounting plate (405) and is connected to the same extrusion ring (406), a diaphragm spring (404) is arranged on one side of the extrusion ring (406), the diaphragm spring (404) is connected to the mounting plate (405), and the mounting plate A transmission plate (403) is slidably connected inside (405), and a plurality of friction linings (402) distributed in a circumferential array are connected to one side of the transmission plate (403). A deceleration plate (401) is connected to one side of the outer shell (3), and the friction lining (402) and the deceleration plate (401) are directly opposite to each other. After the transmission plate (403) is subjected to the pressure of the diaphragm spring (404), the friction lining (402) and the deceleration plate (401) are driven to fit each other, and the friction force generated by the two is used to decelerate the external drill bit (1).

2. A shock absorbing damper for oil drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: An end of the transmission rod (408) away from the extrusion ring (406) is connected to an extrusion wheel (414); a second spring (413) is sleeved on the outer surface of the transmission rod (408); two ends of the second spring (413) are respectively connected to one side of the extrusion wheel (414) and the top of the inner wall of the fixed box (407); an end of the extrusion wheel (414) away from the transmission rod (408) is fitted with a movable counterweight block (409); a bottom side of the movable counterweight block (409) is fitted with the bottom of the inner wall of the fixed box (407); a side of the movable counterweight block (409) away from the inner wall of the fixed box (407) is connected to an extrusion block (412); one side of the extrusion block (412) is fitted with the extrusion wheel (414); and one side of the extrusion block (412) is arranged as an inclined surface.

3. A shock absorbing damper for oil drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer circumferential side of the mounting plate (405) is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves (416) distributed in a circumferential array, and the mounting grooves (416) are connected with connecting springs (415). One end of the plurality of connecting springs (415) close to the axis of the mounting plate (405) is connected to one side of the transmission plate (403).

4. A shock absorbing damper for oil drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing box (407) is connected to the outer surface of the transmission shaft, the mounting plate (405) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the external drill rod (2), and the axes of the fixing box (407), the mounting plate (405), the extrusion ring (406), the diaphragm spring (404), the transmission plate (403) and the speed reducer (401) are all located on the same axis.

5. A shock absorbing damper for oil drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that: One side of the movable counterweight block (409) is connected to a fixed telescopic rod (411), and the other end of the fixed telescopic rod (411) is connected to one side of the inner wall of the fixed box (407). The plurality of fixed telescopic rods (411) are distributed in a circular array along the axis of the fixed box (407), and a first spring (410) is sleeved on the outer surface of the fixed telescopic rod (411), and two ends of the first spring (410) are respectively connected to one side of the movable counterweight block (409) and one side of the inner wall of the fixed box (407).

6. A shock absorbing damper for oil drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The deceleration component (7) comprises a plurality of piston cylinders (702) distributed in a circular array, wherein the piston cylinder (702) is connected to one side of the inner wall of the fixed box (407), a movable piston (703) is slidably connected inside the piston cylinder (702), one side of the movable piston (703) is connected to a movable rod (701), one end of the movable rod (701) away from the movable piston (703) extends to the outside of the piston cylinder (702), and one end of the movable rod (701) located outside the piston cylinder (702) is connected to one side of the movable counterweight (409).

7. A shock absorbing damper for oil drilling according to claim 6, characterized in that: Hydraulic oil is stored in the piston cylinder (702), and a plurality of flow holes (704) distributed in a circular array are provided on one side of the movable piston (703), wherein the flow holes (704) are used for the flow of hydraulic oil.

8. A shock absorbing damper for oil drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-sway component (6) comprises two symmetrically arranged connecting frames (606), a plurality of mounting rings (604) distributed in a circumferential array being connected between the two connecting frames (606), a counterweight hollow ball (603) being connected inside the mounting ring (604), and counterweight quicksand being arranged inside the counterweight hollow ball (603), two fixing frames (607) being connected to the outer surface of the external drill rod (2), the cross-sectional shapes of the fixing frames (607) and the connecting frames (606) both being annular, a plurality of buffer springs (608) for absorbing energy being connected between the fixing frames (607) and the connecting frames (606), the plurality of buffer springs (608) being distributed in an equiangular circumferential array along the axis of the fixing frames (607), and two ends of the buffer springs (608) being respectively connected to the outer peripheral side of the fixing frames (607) and the inner peripheral side of the connecting frames (606).

9. A shock absorbing damper for oil drilling according to claim 8, characterized in that: The two connecting frames (606) are both sleeved on the outer surface of the external drill rod (2), and a gap exists between the inner wall of the connecting frame (606) and the inner wall of the external drill rod (2).

10. A shock absorbing damper for oil drilling according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the inner wall of the outer shell (3) is rotatably connected to a plurality of rotating seats (601) distributed in a circular array, one side of the rotating seat (601) is hinged to a slow-vibration telescopic rod (602), one end of the slow-vibration telescopic rod (602) away from the rotating seat (601) is hinged to a hinge seat, one end of the hinge seat away from the slow-vibration telescopic rod (602) is rotatably connected to one side of a connecting frame (606), and the top of the inner wall of the outer shell (3) is connected to a plurality of limiting ropes (605) distributed in a circular array, and one end of the limiting rope (605) away from the inner wall of the outer shell (3) is connected to one side of another connecting frame (606).

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