A shock absorber damper for oil drilling

Abstract

The present invention discloses a shock-absorbing damper for oil drilling, belonging to the technical field of shock-absorbing dampers, which includes an outer housing. An external drill pipe is connected inside the outer housing, and an external drill bit is rotationally connected to the bottom of the external drill pipe through a transmission shaft. In the present invention, by setting a speed reduction component, the moving counterweight drives the friction lining to move to one side through the extrusion block, extrusion wheel, second spring, transmission rod, extrusion ring, diaphragm spring and transmission plate, so that the friction lining fits with the speed reduction plate. Through the frictional force generated between the two, the fixed box is decelerated. The fixed box reduces the rotation speed of the external drill bit through the transmission shaft, realizing an adaptive speed reduction control of the drill bit, avoiding the over-speed of the drill bit, thereby reducing the possibility of its jumping drilling, and avoiding the situation that the cutting depth suddenly becomes smaller and the drill bit slips, so as to ensure that there is sufficient frictional power between the drill bit and the underground rock formation, improving the smoothness of drilling and the response to emergencies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of shock absorbers, and particularly relates to a shock absorber for oil drilling. Background Art

[0002] A shock absorber for oil drilling is a device used to reduce vibration and impact during drilling. It is mostly installed on the drill pipe, which can extend the service life of key components such as drill bits and drill pipes, reduce the maintenance frequency, and is an indispensable part of drilling equipment.

[0003] The document with the publication number CN117552727A discloses a new type of drilling shock absorber device and shock absorption method. When the drill bit moves upward, it drives the working floating plug on the steel rod to move upward and squeeze the gas in the pipe. The floating piston gives a reaction force to the working piston to reset the working piston to reduce longitudinal vibration. At the same time, the pusher block squeezes the spring to deform it, and the spring absorbs part of the energy to reduce vibration. The flange rotates in the direction of the drill string movement, and the upper mass block and the lower baffle give a reaction force in the opposite direction to the movement direction of the flange to reduce vibration. When the drill string deviates, the centering device squeezes the spring through the steel ball, and the spring converts mechanical energy into elastic potential energy to store the energy. When the external force disappears, the spring compresses and then restores, giving a reaction force to the small ball to push the small ball back to its original position. When the small ball resets, it drives the drill pipe to reset, thus playing a centering role for the device. In the actual application process, if the drill bit rotates too fast, the cutting depth will suddenly become smaller, resulting in the drill bit slipping, thus affecting the drilling effect. Therefore, improvements are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a shock absorber for oil drilling to solve the problem that when the drill bit rotates too fast, the cutting depth will suddenly become smaller, resulting in the drill bit slipping.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] A shock absorber for oil drilling includes an outer housing. An external drill pipe is connected inside the outer housing. The bottom of the external drill pipe is rotationally connected to an external drill bit through a transmission shaft. An anti-shake assembly is arranged inside the outer housing. A speed reduction assembly is arranged on one side of the outer housing. A speed reduction component is arranged inside the speed reduction assembly. A plurality of protective parts arranged in a circumferential array are connected to the outer surface of the outer housing;

[0007] The speed reduction component includes a fixed box. One side of the fixed box is provided with a mounting plate. A plurality of transmission rods are slidably connected inside the fixed box, and one ends of the plurality of transmission rods extend into the mounting plate and are connected to the same extrusion ring. One side of the extrusion ring is provided with a diaphragm spring, and the diaphragm spring is connected inside the mounting plate. A transmission plate is slidably connected inside the mounting plate. One side of the transmission plate is connected with a plurality of friction linings distributed in a circumferential array. One side of the outer housing is connected with a speed reduction plate, and the friction linings are opposite to the speed reduction plate. After the transmission plate is subjected to the pressure of the diaphragm spring, it drives the friction linings to fit with the speed reduction plate, and the two generate frictional force to decelerate the external drill bit.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0009] One end of the transmission rod far from the extrusion ring is connected with an extrusion wheel. A second spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the transmission rod. Two ends of the second spring are respectively connected with one side of the extrusion wheel and the top inner wall of the fixed box. One end of the extrusion wheel far from the transmission rod is attached to a moving counterweight. One side of the bottom of the moving counterweight is attached to the bottom inner wall of the fixed box. One side of the moving counterweight far from the inner wall of the fixed box is connected with an extrusion block. One side of the extrusion block is attached to the extrusion wheel, and one side of the extrusion block is provided with an inclined surface.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0011] A plurality of mounting grooves distributed in a circumferential array are formed on the outer peripheral side of the mounting plate. Connecting elastic pieces are connected in the mounting grooves. One ends of the plurality of connecting elastic pieces close to the axis of the mounting plate are connected with one side of the transmission plate.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0013] The fixed box is connected to the outer surface of the transmission shaft. The mounting plate is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the external drill pipe. The axes of the fixed box, the mounting plate, the extrusion ring, the diaphragm spring, the transmission plate and the speed reduction plate are all on the same axis.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0015] One side of the moving counterweight is connected with a fixed telescopic rod. The other end of the fixed telescopic rod is connected with one side of the inner wall of the fixed box. A plurality of fixed telescopic rods are distributed in a circumferential array along the axis position of the fixed box. A first spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the fixed telescopic rod. Two ends of the first spring are respectively connected with one side of the moving counterweight and one side of the inner wall of the fixed box.

[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0017] The retardation component includes a plurality of piston cylinders distributed in a circumferential array. The piston cylinders are connected to one side of the inner wall of the fixed box. A moving piston is slidably connected inside the piston cylinder. One side of the moving piston is connected to a moving rod. The end of the moving rod away from the moving piston extends outside the piston cylinder, and one end of the moving rod located outside the piston cylinder is connected to one side of a moving counterweight block.

[0018] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0019] The piston cylinder stores hydraulic oil. A plurality of flow holes distributed in a circumferential array are formed on one side of the moving piston. The flow holes are used for the flow-through of the hydraulic oil.

[0020] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0021] The anti-shake component includes two symmetrically arranged connecting frames. A plurality of mounting rings distributed in a circumferential array are connected between the two connecting frames. A counterweight hollow ball is connected inside the mounting ring. Counterweight quicksand is arranged inside the counterweight hollow ball. Two fixing frames are connected to the outer surface of the external drill pipe. The cross-sectional shapes of the fixing frame and the connecting frame are both annular. A plurality of energy-absorbing buffer springs are connected between the fixing frame and the connecting frame. The plurality of buffer springs are circumferentially arrayed at equal angles along the axis position of the fixing frame. Two ends of the buffer spring are respectively connected to the outer peripheral side of the fixing frame and the inner peripheral side of the connecting frame.

[0022] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0023] Both of the two connecting frames are sleeved on the outer surface of the external drill pipe, and there is a gap between the inner wall of the connecting frame and the inner wall of the external drill pipe.

[0024] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0025] A plurality of rotating seats distributed in a circumferential array are rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the outer shell body. One side of the rotating seat is hinged with a shock-absorbing telescopic rod. The end of the shock-absorbing telescopic rod away from the rotating seat is hinged with a hinge seat. One end of the hinge seat away from the shock-absorbing telescopic rod is rotatably connected to one side of the connecting frame. A plurality of limiting ropes distributed in a circumferential array are connected to the top of the inner wall of the outer shell body. The end of the limiting rope away from the inner wall of the outer shell body is connected to one side of the other connecting frame.

[0026] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] 1. In the present invention, by providing a speed reduction component, when the rotation speed of the drill bit is too fast, the centrifugal force generated by the rotating box increases, causing the moving counterweight to move towards the outer peripheral side of the rotating box. The moving counterweight drives the friction lining to move to one side through the extrusion block, extrusion wheel, second spring, transmission rod, extrusion ring, diaphragm spring and transmission plate, so that the friction lining fits with the speed reduction plate. Through the frictional force generated between the two, the fixed box is decelerated, and the fixed box reduces the rotation speed of the external drill bit through the transmission shaft, realizing an adaptive speed reduction control of the drill bit, avoiding the over-speed of the drill bit, thereby reducing the possibility of its jumping, and avoiding the situation where the cutting depth suddenly becomes smaller, resulting in the slipping of the drill bit. Thus, it ensures that there is sufficient frictional force between the drill bit and the underground rock formation, improving the smoothness of drilling and the response to unexpected situations.

[0028] 2. In the present invention, by providing an anti-vibration component, when the external drill pipe shakes, the counterweight hollow ball and the counterweight quicksand are affected by their own inertia, and together with the shock-absorbing telescopic rod and the buffer spring, they can absorb and dissipate the shaking force received by the external drill pipe, thereby reducing the shaking amplitude of the outer casing and the external drill pipe, and accelerating the recovery speed of the outer casing and the external drill pipe. Thus, the external drill pipe can drill more stably underground, reducing the kinetic energy loss of the drill bit in the formation and improving the stability of drilling.

[0029] 3. In the present invention, by providing a speed reduction component, during the movement of the moving counterweight, the moving piston and the flow hole need to overcome the resistance of the hydraulic oil during the movement, thereby being able to slow down the movement or reset speed of the moving rod, maintaining the speed stability of the moving counterweight during the movement and reset process, and reducing the subsequent reciprocating swing of the moving counterweight caused by the disturbance of the elastic force of the first spring, thereby improving the overall stability of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is the overall three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of another perspective of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 is the partial three-dimensional disassembled structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 is the three-dimensional disassembled structure schematic diagram of another perspective of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 is the partial three-dimensional disassembled structure schematic diagram of the speed reduction component of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 of the present invention Figure 5 is the enlarged structure schematic diagram of part A;

[0036] Figure 7 Schematic perspective sectional view of the speed reducing component of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 Partial perspective structure diagram of the speed reduction component of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 Internal perspective structure diagram of the outer casing of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 Schematic perspective structure diagram of the anti - sway component of the present invention.

[0040] Legend:

[0041] 1. External drill bit; 2. External drill pipe; 3. Outer casing; 4. Speed reduction component; 401. Deceleration plate; 402. Friction lining; 403. Transmission plate; 404. Diaphragm spring; 405. Mounting disc; 406. Extrusion ring; 407. Fixed box; 408. Transmission rod; 409. Moving counterweight; 410. First spring; 411. Fixed telescopic rod; 412. Extrusion block; 413. Second spring; 414. Extrusion wheel; 415. Connecting elastic piece; 416. Mounting groove; 5. Protective piece; 6. Anti - sway component; 601. Rotating seat; 602. Vibration - damping telescopic rod; 603. Weighted hollow ball; 604. Mounting ring; 605. Limiting rope; 606. Connecting frame; 607. Fixed frame; 608. Buffer spring; 7. Speed reducing component; 701. Moving rod; 702. Piston cylinder; 703. Moving piston; 704. Flow hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0042] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] Please refer to Figures 1 - 10 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0044] A shock - absorbing damper for oil drilling, including an outer casing 3. An external drill pipe 2 is connected inside the outer casing 3. The bottom of the external drill pipe 2 is rotatably connected to an external drill bit 1 through a transmission shaft. An anti - sway component 6 is arranged inside the outer casing 3. A speed reduction component 4 is arranged on one side of the outer casing 3. A speed reducing component 7 is arranged inside the speed reduction component 4. A plurality of protective pieces 5 arranged in a circumferential array are connected to the outer surface of the outer casing 3.

[0045] The speed reduction assembly 4 includes a fixed box 407. On one side of the fixed box 407, there is an installation disk 405. A plurality of transmission rods 408 are slidably connected inside the fixed box 407, and one ends of the plurality of transmission rods 408 extend into the installation disk 405 and are connected to the same extrusion ring 406. On one side of the extrusion ring 406, there is a diaphragm spring 404. The diaphragm spring 404 is connected inside the installation disk 405. A transmission plate 403 is slidably connected inside the installation disk 405. On one side of the transmission plate 403, there are a plurality of friction linings 402 distributed in a circumferential array. One side of the outer housing 3 is connected to a speed reduction plate 401. The friction linings 402 are opposite to the speed reduction plate 401. After the transmission plate 403 is pressed by the diaphragm spring 404, it drives the friction linings 402 to fit with the speed reduction plate 401, and the friction force generated between the two decelerates the external drill bit 1. The end of the transmission rod 408 far from the extrusion ring 406 is connected to an extrusion wheel 414. A second spring 413 is sleeved on the outer surface of the transmission rod 408. Two ends of the second spring 413 are respectively connected to one side of the extrusion wheel 414 and the top of the inner wall of the fixed box 407. The end of the extrusion wheel 414 far from the transmission rod 408 is in contact with a moving counterweight 409. One side of the bottom of the moving counterweight 409 is in contact with the bottom of the inner wall of the fixed box 407. One side of the moving counterweight 409 far from the inner wall of the fixed box 407 is connected to an extrusion block 412. One side of the extrusion block 412 is in contact with the extrusion wheel 414. One side of the extrusion block 412 is provided with an inclined surface. A plurality of installation grooves 416 distributed in a circumferential array are formed on the outer peripheral side of the installation disk 405. A connecting elastic sheet 415 is connected in the installation groove 416. One ends of the plurality of connecting elastic sheets 415 close to the axis position of the installation disk 405 are connected to one side of the transmission plate 403. The fixed box 407 is connected to the outer surface of the transmission shaft. The installation disk 405 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the external drill pipe 2. The axes of the fixed box 407, the installation disk 405, the extrusion ring 406, the diaphragm spring 404, the transmission plate 403 and the speed reduction plate 401 are all on the same axis. One side of the moving counterweight 409 is connected to a fixed telescopic rod 411. The other end of the fixed telescopic rod 411 is connected to one side of the inner wall of the fixed box 407. The plurality of fixed telescopic rods 411 are distributed in a circumferential array along the axis position of the fixed box 407. A first spring 410 is sleeved on the outer surface of the fixed telescopic rod 411. Two ends of the first spring 410 are respectively connected to one side of the moving counterweight 409 and one side of the inner wall of the fixed box 407.

[0046] The implementation method is specifically as follows: By setting the speed reduction component 4, when the rotation speed of the drill bit is too fast, the centrifugal force generated by the rotating box increases, causing the moving counterweight 409 to move towards the outer peripheral side of the rotating box. The moving counterweight 409 drives the friction lining 402 to move to one side through the pressing block 412, pressing wheel 414, second spring 413, transmission rod 408, pressing ring 406, diaphragm spring 404 and transmission plate 403, so that the friction lining 402 fits with the speed reduction plate 401. The fixed box 407 is decelerated by the frictional force generated between the two, and the fixed box 407 reduces the rotation speed of the external drill bit 1 through the transmission shaft, realizing the adaptive deceleration control of the drill bit, avoiding the over-speed of the drill bit, thereby reducing the possibility of its jumping, and avoiding the situation that the cutting depth suddenly becomes smaller and the drill bit slips, so as to ensure that there is sufficient frictional power between the drill bit and the underground rock formation.

[0047] The anti-shake component 6 includes two symmetrically arranged connecting frames 606. A plurality of mounting rings 604 arranged in a circumferential array are connected between the two connecting frames 606. A counterweight hollow ball 603 is connected inside the mounting ring 604, and counterweight quicksand is arranged inside the counterweight hollow ball 603. Two fixing frames 607 are connected to the outer surface of the external drill pipe 2. The cross-sectional shapes of the fixing frame 607 and the connecting frame 606 are both annular. A plurality of energy-absorbing buffer springs 608 are connected between the fixing frame 607 and the connecting frame 606. The plurality of buffer springs 608 are circumferentially arrayed at equal angles along the axis position of the fixing frame 607. Both ends of the buffer spring 608 are respectively connected to the outer peripheral side of the fixing frame 607 and the inner peripheral side of the connecting frame 606. Both connecting frames 606 are sleeved on the outer surface of the external drill pipe 2, and there is a gap between the inner wall of the connecting frame 606 and the inner wall of the external drill pipe 2. A plurality of rotating seats 601 arranged in a circumferential array are rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the outer shell 3. One side of the rotating seat 601 is hinged with a shock-absorbing telescopic rod 602. One end of the shock-absorbing telescopic rod 602 far from the rotating seat 601 is hinged with a hinge seat. One end of the hinge seat far from the shock-absorbing telescopic rod 602 is rotatably connected to one side of the connecting frame 606. A plurality of limiting ropes 605 arranged in a circumferential array are connected to the top of the inner wall of the outer shell 3. One end of the limiting rope 605 far from the inner wall of the outer shell 3 is connected to one side of the other connecting frame 606.

[0048] The implementation method is specifically as follows: By setting the anti-shake component 6, when the external drill pipe 2 shakes, the counterweight hollow ball 603 and the counterweight quicksand are affected by their own inertia, and in cooperation with the shock-absorbing telescopic rod 602 and the buffer spring 608, they can absorb and consume the energy of the shake received by the external drill pipe 2, thereby reducing the shaking amplitude of the outer casing 3 and the external drill pipe 2, and accelerating the recovery speed of the outer casing 3 and the external drill pipe 2, so that the external drill pipe 2 can drill more stably underground, reducing the kinetic energy loss of the drill bit in the formation. Moreover, multiple buffer springs 608 can increase the energy absorption effect. At the same time, multiple shock-absorbing telescopic rods 602, in cooperation with the rotating seat 601 and the hinge seat, can limit and buffer the connecting frame 606 to a certain extent, thereby improving its energy consumption effect.

[0049] The speed-reducing component 7 includes a plurality of piston cylinders 702 distributed in a circumferential array. The piston cylinders 702 are connected to one side of the inner wall of the fixed box 407. A moving piston 703 is slidably connected in the piston cylinder 702. One side of the moving piston 703 is connected to a moving rod 701. The end of the moving rod 701 away from the moving piston 703 extends outside the piston cylinder 702, and one end of the moving rod 701 located outside the piston cylinder 702 is connected to one side of the moving counterweight 409. Hydraulic oil is stored in the piston cylinder 702. A plurality of flow holes 704 distributed in a circumferential array are formed on one side of the moving piston 703. The flow holes 704 are used for the flow of hydraulic oil.

[0050] The implementation method is specifically as follows: By setting the speed-reducing component 7, during the movement of the moving counterweight 409, the moving piston 703 and the flow holes 704 need to overcome the resistance of the hydraulic oil during the movement, so as to slow down the movement or reset speed of the moving rod 701, maintain the speed stability of the moving counterweight 409 during the movement and reset process, and reduce the reciprocating swing of the subsequent moving counterweight 409 caused by the elastic force of the first spring 410, thereby improving the overall stability of the device.

[0051] Working principle: When in use, the external drill pipe 2 drives the external drill bit 1 to drill underground. When the drill bit rotates at a normal speed, the transmission shaft drives the rotating box to rotate, the rotating box drives a plurality of transmission rods 408 to rotate, and the transmission rods 408 drive the mounting plate 405 to rotate normally. At this time, the friction lining 402 will not contact the speed-reducing plate 401.

[0052] When the drill bit rotates too fast, the transmission shaft drives the rotating box to rotate at an excessive speed. At this time, the centrifugal force generated by the rotating box increases, causing the moving counterweight 409 to overcome the pulling force of the first spring 410 and move towards the outer peripheral side of the rotating box. The moving counterweight 409 drives the extrusion block 412 to move to one side, and the extrusion block 412 drives the extrusion wheel 414 to move upward. The extrusion wheel 414 overcomes the pressure of the second spring 413 and drives the transmission rod 408 to move upward. Multiple moving rods 701 drive the extrusion ring 406 to exert pressure on the diaphragm spring 404. The diaphragm spring 404 is driven by the extrusion ring 406 to arch towards the other side, thereby driving the transmission plate 403 and the friction lining 402 to move to one side. At this time, the connecting elastic piece 415 is stretched under the drive of the transmission plate 403, and the friction lining 402 and the deceleration plate 401 are in mutual contact to slow down the drill bit. When the drill bit decelerates, the centrifugal force received by the moving counterweight 409 decreases. The moving counterweight 409 is reset under the drive of the first spring 410, and the extrusion block 412 releases the pressure on the extrusion wheel 414, causing the transmission rod 408 to be reset under the drive of the second spring 413, thereby resetting the diaphragm spring 404 and the transmission plate 403 and separating the friction lining 402 from the deceleration plate 401.

[0053] And during the movement and reset of the moving counterweight 409, the moving counterweight 409 drives the moving rod 701 to move, and the moving rod 701 drives the moving piston 703 to move within the piston cylinder 702. Since there is hydraulic oil in the piston cylinder 702, the moving piston 703 and the flow hole 704 need to overcome the resistance of the hydraulic oil during the movement, thereby being able to slow down the movement or reset speed of the moving rod 701 and ensuring the stability of the moving counterweight 409.

[0054] When the external drill pipe 2 shakes due to external force or deceleration, the external drill pipe 2 drives the outer shell 3 to shake. The outer shell 3 drives the connecting frame 606 to shake through multiple limiting ropes 605. The connecting frame 606 drives multiple weighted hollow balls 603 and the internal weighted quicksand to shake. Due to the influence of the inertia of the weighted hollow balls 603 and the weighted quicksand, in cooperation with the shock-absorbing telescopic rod 602 and the buffer spring 608, the shaking received by the external drill pipe 2 can be absorbed and dissipated, and the stability of the external drill pipe 2 can be correspondingly improved.

[0055] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shock absorbing damper for oil drilling, comprising an outer shell (3), the outer shell (3) is internally connected to an external drill rod (2), the bottom of the external drill rod (2) is rotatably connected to an external drill bit (1) via a transmission shaft, characterized in that: An anti-sway component (6) is arranged inside the outer shell (3), a speed reduction component (4) is arranged on one side of the outer shell (3), a deceleration component (7) is arranged inside the speed reduction component (4), and a plurality of protective elements (5) arranged in a circumferential array are connected to the outer surface of the outer shell (3); The deceleration assembly (4) comprises a fixed box (407), a mounting plate (405) is arranged on one side of the fixed box (407), a plurality of transmission rods (408) are slidably connected in the fixed box (407), one end of the plurality of transmission rods (408) extends into the interior of the mounting plate (405) and is connected to the same extrusion ring (406), a diaphragm spring (404) is arranged on one side of the extrusion ring (406), the diaphragm spring (404) is connected to the mounting plate (405), and the mounting plate A transmission plate (403) is slidably connected inside (405), and a plurality of friction linings (402) distributed in a circumferential array are connected to one side of the transmission plate (403). A deceleration plate (401) is connected to one side of the outer shell (3), and the friction lining (402) and the deceleration plate (401) are directly opposite to each other. After the transmission plate (403) is subjected to the pressure of the diaphragm spring (404), the friction lining (402) and the deceleration plate (401) are driven to fit each other, and the friction force generated by the two is used to decelerate the external drill bit (1); The end of the transmission rod (408) away from the extrusion ring (406) is connected to an extrusion wheel (414), the outer surface of the transmission rod (408) is sleeved with a second spring (413), the two ends of the second spring (413) are respectively connected to one side of the extrusion wheel (414) and the top of the inner wall of the fixed box (407), the end of the extrusion wheel (414) away from the transmission rod (408) is fitted with a movable counterweight block (409), the bottom side of the movable counterweight block (409) is fitted with the bottom of the inner wall of the fixed box (407), the side of the movable counterweight block (409) away from the inner wall of the fixed box (407) is connected to an extrusion block (412), one side of the extrusion block (412) is fitted with the extrusion wheel (414), and one side of the extrusion block (412) is arranged as an inclined surface; The fixing box (407) is connected to the outer surface of the transmission shaft, the mounting plate (405) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the external drill rod (2), and the axes of the fixing box (407), the mounting plate (405), the extrusion ring (406), the diaphragm spring (404), the transmission plate (403) and the speed reducer (401) are all located on the same axis.

2. A shock absorbing damper for oil drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer circumferential side of the mounting plate (405) is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves (416) distributed in a circumferential array, and the mounting grooves (416) are connected with connecting springs (415). One end of the plurality of connecting springs (415) close to the axis of the mounting plate (405) is connected to one side of the transmission plate (403).

3. A shock absorbing damper for oil drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the movable counterweight block (409) is connected to a fixed telescopic rod (411), and the other end of the fixed telescopic rod (411) is connected to one side of the inner wall of the fixed box (407). The plurality of fixed telescopic rods (411) are distributed in a circular array along the axis of the fixed box (407), and a first spring (410) is sleeved on the outer surface of the fixed telescopic rod (411), and two ends of the first spring (410) are respectively connected to one side of the movable counterweight block (409) and one side of the inner wall of the fixed box (407).

4. A shock absorbing damper for oil drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deceleration component (7) comprises a plurality of piston cylinders (702) distributed in a circular array, wherein the piston cylinder (702) is connected to one side of the inner wall of the fixed box (407), a movable piston (703) is slidably connected inside the piston cylinder (702), one side of the movable piston (703) is connected to a movable rod (701), one end of the movable rod (701) away from the movable piston (703) extends to the outside of the piston cylinder (702), and one end of the movable rod (701) located outside the piston cylinder (702) is connected to one side of the movable counterweight (409).

5. A shock absorbing damper for oil drilling according to claim 4, characterized in that: Hydraulic oil is stored in the piston cylinder (702), and a plurality of flow holes (704) distributed in a circular array are provided on one side of the movable piston (703), wherein the flow holes (704) are used for the flow of hydraulic oil.

6. A shock absorbing damper for oil drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-sway component (6) comprises two symmetrically arranged connecting frames (606), a plurality of mounting rings (604) distributed in a circumferential array being connected between the two connecting frames (606), a counterweight hollow ball (603) being connected inside the mounting ring (604), and counterweight quicksand being arranged inside the counterweight hollow ball (603), two fixing frames (607) being connected to the outer surface of the external drill rod (2), the cross-sectional shapes of the fixing frames (607) and the connecting frames (606) both being annular, a plurality of buffer springs (608) for absorbing energy being connected between the fixing frames (607) and the connecting frames (606), the plurality of buffer springs (608) being distributed in an equiangular circumferential array along the axis of the fixing frames (607), and two ends of the buffer springs (608) being respectively connected to the outer peripheral side of the fixing frames (607) and the inner peripheral side of the connecting frames (606).

7. A shock absorbing damper for oil drilling according to claim 6, characterized in that: The two connecting frames (606) are both sleeved on the outer surface of the external drill rod (2), and a gap exists between the inner wall of the connecting frame (606) and the inner wall of the external drill rod (2).

8. A shock absorbing damper for oil drilling according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the inner wall of the outer shell (3) is rotatably connected to a plurality of rotating seats (601) distributed in a circular array, one side of the rotating seat (601) is hinged to a slow-vibration telescopic rod (602), one end of the slow-vibration telescopic rod (602) away from the rotating seat (601) is hinged to a hinge seat, one end of the hinge seat away from the slow-vibration telescopic rod (602) is rotatably connected to one side of a connecting frame (606), and the top of the inner wall of the outer shell (3) is connected to a plurality of limiting ropes (605) distributed in a circular array, and one end of the limiting rope (605) away from the inner wall of the outer shell (3) is connected to one side of another connecting frame (606).

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