Ball cage type intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve opening tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum engineering, in particular to a ball cage type intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve opening tool. A ball cage type intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve opening tool comprises a ball cage unit and a ball plugging unit, the ball cage unit comprises a ball cage body and a ball cage clamping jaw, the ball cage clamping jaw is connected to the ball cage body, the ball cage clamping jaw expands outwards initially, and when non-target sliding sleeve hole shrinkage or other jamming occurs, the ball cage clamping jaw shrinks inwards and freely passes through a sleeve and a sliding sleeve; the ball plugging unit comprises an elastic ball, the elastic ball is arranged on the ball cage body and located on the inner side of the ball cage clamping jaw, the elastic ball can expand and contract, after the elastic ball reaches the target sliding sleeve position, the elastic ball is expanded and then abuts against the ball cage clamping jaw, the ball cage clamping jaw is limited to swing and contract inwards, and label clamping is completed. The unlimited full-bore intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve opening device has the beneficial effect that unlimited full-bore intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve opening can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum engineering, and more specifically to a ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool. Background Art

[0002] In the exploitation of oil and natural gas, fracturing operations are a key link in increasing the production of oil and gas wells. As an important component of the fracturing string system, the reliable opening of the fracturing sleeve is crucial to achieving effective formation fracturing. Traditional fracturing sleeve opening methods have many shortcomings. For example, some sleeves that rely on ball throwing to open have limited opening selectivity and often require the preparation of plug balls of various specifications. In addition, in deep wells, complex formations and other environments, the movement trajectory of the plug ball is difficult to accurately control, and it is easy to have problems such as ball jamming, which affects the smooth progress of the fracturing operation and cannot provide feedback on data during the fracturing process. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new, efficient and reliable fracturing sleeve opening tool. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool, which has the beneficial effect of being able to realize the opening of an infinite full-diameter intelligent fracturing sleeve.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0005] A ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool, comprising a ball cage unit and a ball plug unit, wherein the ball cage unit comprises a ball cage body and a ball cage claw, wherein the ball cage claw is connected to the ball cage body, and the ball cage claw initially expands outwards, and when encountering a non-target sleeve shrinkage or other blocking, the ball cage claw contracts inwards and freely passes through the casing and the sleeve;

[0006] Furthermore, the ball plug unit includes an elastic ball, which is arranged on the ball cage body and located on the inner side of the ball cage claw. The elastic ball can expand and contract. After reaching the target sliding sleeve position, the elastic ball expands and presses against the ball cage claw, limiting the ball cage claw from swinging inward and contracting, thereby completing the label locking.

[0007] Furthermore, the ball cage unit also includes a pin shaft and a torsion spring. The pin shaft and the torsion spring are installed at the lower part of the ball cage claw. Under the action of the elastic force of the torsion spring, the ball cage claw expands outward.

[0008] Furthermore, the ball cage unit also includes a fixing seat, a cross-shaped cavity is arranged on the upper part of the ball cage body, a pin is connected to the fixing seat, the fixing seat is fixed on the cross-shaped cavity, and the ball cage claw is arranged at the cross-shaped cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, the ball cage unit also includes an upper cover and a limit block. The limit block is in a spline shape and is installed in a slot on the upper part of the ball cage body. The upper cover is connected to the upper part of the ball cage body by threads. The upper cover presses the limit block, and the limit block blocks the upper part of the ball cage claw to limit the swing angle of the ball cage claw.

[0010] Furthermore, the ball cage unit also includes a sealing ring. An annular groove is provided on the outer periphery of the ball cage body. The sealing ring is arranged in the annular groove. A gas generating module is arranged in the annular groove. After ignition, the gas generating module can generate gas to push the sealing ring to expand outward.

[0011] Furthermore, the ball plug unit also includes a ball seat, the interior of the elastic ball is a hollow structure, the bottom of the elastic ball is connected to the center of the cross-shaped cavity on the ball cage body by the ball seat, and a gas generating module is arranged inside the elastic ball.

[0012] Furthermore, the ball plug unit also includes a monitoring module. The elastic ball is made of a low-density soluble material, and a monitoring module is arranged inside the elastic ball.

[0013] Furthermore, the ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool also includes a control detection unit, and the control detection unit includes a control module and a detection module, and the control module and the detection module are arranged on the ball cage body.

[0014] Furthermore, the gas generating module includes a sealed shell, an igniter, an ignition powder, a solid fuel and a sintered metal filter. The ignition powder is arranged on the upper side of the igniter, the solid fuel is arranged on the periphery of the ignition powder, the solid fuel is arranged in the sealed shell, the sintered metal filter is arranged on the periphery of the sealed shell, and the sintered metal filter is provided with a gas outlet.

[0015] Furthermore, the ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool also includes a power module, and the power module is used to supply power to the control module and the gas generation module.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. It has a multi-stage sliding sleeve opening function, which can meet the multi-stage fracturing requirements in complex well conditions such as long horizontal sections, realize fracturing construction in more layers, and further increase oil and gas production.

[0018] 2. It can realize the precise opening of the sliding sleeve and accurately open the corresponding sliding sleeve according to the preset program, avoiding the problems of wrong opening or incomplete opening that may occur in the traditional opening method, and improving the accuracy and reliability of fracturing construction.

[0019] 3. The present invention does not require the use of equipment such as a coiled tubing vehicle and a cable winch during the fracturing process. The sleeve can be opened and fracturing can be achieved after the opening tool is dropped from the wellhead, which has high efficiency and low construction cost.

[0020] 4. It can realize data collection during the fracturing process, obtain fracturing process monitoring data through the internal integrated detection module, so as to adjust the fracturing parameters and improve the accuracy of fracturing effect evaluation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ball plug unit;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gas generation module;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool in the fracturing sleeve;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool;

[0027] Figure 6 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool after removing the upper cover;

[0028] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure when the locking module is a shear-type pin;

[0029] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram when the locking module is a spring ball type locking mechanism;

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of different states of the ball cage type intelligent sleeve opening tool when it is put into the fracturing sleeve;

[0031] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of different states of the ball cage type intelligent sliding sleeve opening tool when it is deployed;

[0032] Fig.11 This is a flow chart of the working of the ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool.

[0033] In the figure: a ball cage unit 1; a ball cage body 101, an upper cover 102, a stopper 103, a ball cage claw 104, a sealing ring 105, a pin 106, a torsion spring 107, and a fixing seat 108;

[0034] Ball plug unit 2; elastic ball 201, ball seat 202, monitoring module 203;

[0035] Control detection unit 3; control module 301; detection module 302;

[0036] Gas generating module 4; sealed shell 401; igniter 402; ignition powder 403; solid fuel 404; sintered metal filter 405; gas outlet 406;

[0037] Fracturing sleeve 5; upper sleeve 501; identification module 502; lower sleeve 503; fracturing hole 504; sleeve piston 505; locking module 506;

[0038] Power module 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] like Figure 1-2 As shown in Figures 5-6, a ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool comprises a ball cage unit 1 and a ball plug unit 2, characterized in that: the ball cage unit 1 comprises a ball cage body 101 and a ball cage claw 104, the ball cage claw 104 is connected to the ball cage body 101, the ball cage claw 104 initially expands outwards, and when encountering a non-target sleeve shrinkage or other blocking, the ball cage claw 104 contracts inwards and freely passes through the casing and the sleeve;

[0040] The plug ball unit 2 includes an elastic ball 201, which is arranged on the ball cage body 101 and located inside the ball cage claw 104. The elastic ball 201 can expand and contract. After reaching the target sleeve position, the elastic ball 201 expands and presses against the ball cage claw 104, restricting the ball cage claw 104 from swinging inward and contracting, thereby completing the label locking. The lower part of the ball cage body 101 is hemispherical, which can play a guiding role during the pumping process, so that the ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool can reach the target position more smoothly.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the ball cage unit 1 further includes a pin shaft 106 and a torsion spring 107 . The pin shaft 106 and the torsion spring 107 are installed at the lower part of the ball cage claw 104 . Under the elastic force of the torsion spring 107 , the claw of the ball cage claw 104 expands outward.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the ball cage unit 1 further includes a fixing seat 108, a cross-shaped cavity is provided on the upper portion of the ball cage body 101, a pin 106 is connected to the fixing seat 108, the fixing seat 108 is fixed on the cross-shaped cavity, and the ball cage claw 104 is provided at the cross-shaped cavity.

[0043] like Figure 1As shown, the ball cage unit 1 also includes an upper cover 102 and a limit block 103. The limit block 103 is in a spline shape. The limit block 103 is installed in a slot on the upper part of the ball cage body 101. The upper cover 102 is connected to the upper part of the ball cage body 101 by threads. The upper cover 102 presses the limit block 103. The limit block 103 blocks the upper part of the ball cage claw 104 to limit the swing angle of the ball cage claw 104.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the ball cage unit 1 also includes a sealing ring 105. An annular groove is provided on the outer periphery of the ball cage body 101. The sealing ring 105 is arranged in the annular groove. A gas generating module 4 is arranged in the annular groove. After ignition, the gas generating module 4 can generate gas to push the sealing ring 105 to expand outward.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, the ball plug unit 2 also includes a ball seat 202. The interior of the elastic ball 201 is a hollow structure. The bottom of the elastic ball 201 is connected to the center of the cross-shaped cavity on the ball cage body 101 by the ball seat 202. A gas generating module 4 is arranged inside the elastic ball 201.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, the ball plug unit 2 further includes a monitoring module 203 . The elastic ball 201 is made of a low-density soluble material, and the monitoring module 203 is arranged inside the elastic ball 201 .

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool further includes a control detection unit 3 , and the control detection unit 3 includes a control module 301 and a detection module 302 , and the control module 301 and the detection module 302 are arranged on the ball cage body 101 .

[0048] like Figure 3 As shown, the gas generating module 4 includes a sealed shell 401, an igniter 402, an ignition powder 403, a solid fuel 404 and a sintered metal filter 405. The igniter 402 is provided with an ignition powder 403 on the upper side, the ignition powder 403 is provided with a solid fuel 404 on the periphery, the solid fuel 404 is provided in the sealed shell 401, the sealed shell 401 is provided with a sintered metal filter 405 on the periphery, and the sintered metal filter 405 is provided with an air outlet 406.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool further includes a power module 6 , which is used to supply power to the control module 301 and the gas generation module 4 .

[0050] like Figure 4As shown, the fracturing sleeve 5 includes an upper sleeve 501, an identification module 502, a lower sleeve 503, a fracturing hole 504, a sleeve piston 505 and a locking module 506. The identification module 502 is installed on the upper sleeve 501. The upper sleeve 501 is connected to the lower sleeve 503 by threads. The upper sleeve 501 has two rows of twelve fracturing holes 504 evenly arranged in an annular shape. The sleeve piston 505 is slidably connected to the inner side of the upper sleeve 501 and the lower sleeve 503. The sleeve piston 505 is locked by the locking module 506 and seals the fracturing hole 504. The fracturing sleeve 5 is connected to the casing and lowered into the well together.

[0051] When performing step-by-step fracturing, first set the target sleeve parameters for the ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool on the ground, then implement the deployment at the wellhead, and push the ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool to move toward the target sleeve by pumping.

[0052] After the detection module 302 detects the information of the identification module 502 in the sleeve, it is fed back to the control module 301 for judgment. When the control module 301 determines that the information of the identification module 502 is a non-target sleeve, the ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool does not take action, and the ball cage claw 104 moves to the reduced diameter of the sleeve and can shrink freely, so that the ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool passes through the current sleeve.

[0053] When the ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool reaches the target sleeve, the detection module 302 feeds back the information of the identification module 502 to the control module 301. After judgment, the control module 301 quickly issues an ignition command to the gas generation module 4 in the ball plug unit 2. A large amount of gas generated by the solid fuel 404 is discharged into the elastic ball 201 through the gas outlet 406. The gas generation module 4 generates a large amount of gas in a very short time, so that the elastic ball 201 expands rapidly and presses against the ball cage claw 104, so that the ball cage claw 104 can no longer swing inward and shrink, thereby making the ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool stuck at the reduced diameter of the target sleeve; after a short delay, the control module 301 of the ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool issues an ignition command to the gas generation module 4 in the ball cage unit 1, so that it generates a large amount of gas, pushing the sealing ring 105 to expand outward, thereby sealing the entire internal channel of the casing. After the above actions are completed, the surface monitoring system can get feedback of the pressure increase, and continue to pressurize so that the sleeve piston 505 opens the locking module 506, completing the sleeve opening. Repeating the above steps can achieve step-by-step fracturing.

[0054] Fig. 9 From left to right in the figure are: the state before the ball cage type opening tool reaches the target sleeve; the state when the ball cage type opening tool reaches the target sleeve; the state when the sealing ring expands after the ball cage type opening tool reaches the target sleeve and is locked; the state when the target sleeve is opened.

[0055] Fig.10From left to right in the figure are: the state of the ball cage type opening tool when it passes through the reduced diameter of the inner sleeve of the sliding sleeve; the state of the ball cage type opening tool when it passes through the sleeve or the non-target sliding sleeve; the state of the ball cage type opening tool when it reaches the target sleeve but is not stuck; the state of the ball cage type opening tool when it is stuck and sealed and opens the sliding sleeve.

[0056] The principle of the sleeve piston 505 opening the locking module 506 is as follows: the sleeve is sealed by the ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool, and a downward thrust is generated after pressurization, causing the sleeve piston 505 to move downward. When the thrust is greater than the critical pressure of the locking module 506, the locking module 506 can be opened.

[0057] According to different structures of the locking module 506, when the thrust reaches the critical pressure of the locking module 506, the locking module 506 is unlocked, thereby opening the sleeve piston.

[0058] like Figure 7 As shown, the locking module 506 can be a shear-type pin, fixed on the upper sleeve 501 and clamped on the sleeve piston 505;

[0059] Or, if Figure 8 As shown, the locking module 506 includes a plug, the inner end of the plug is fixedly connected to the outer end of the compression spring, the inner end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the locking piece, and the upper sleeve 501 is provided with a radial groove for installing the locking module, so that the plug is fixedly connected to the inner part of the outer sleeve wall, the compression spring can be extended and retracted in the radial groove, and the locking piece can also move radially in the radial groove, and the locking piece is fixed on the sleeve piston 505;

[0060] The elastic ball 201 is made of soluble material. After a period of time, the surface of the ball dissolves, exposing the monitoring module 203 inside the ball and making it free inside the casing. The monitoring module can be read from the chip catcher at the wellhead along with the blowout prevention equipment to obtain monitoring data of the fracturing process.

[0061] The elastic ball 201 can be replaced with an insoluble elastic rubber material. When the ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool reaches the target sleeve, the detection module 302 feeds back the information of the identification module 502 to the control module 301. After judgment, the control module 301 quickly issues an ignition command to the gas generation module 4 in the ball plug unit 2. The gas generation module 4 generates a large amount of gas in a very short time, causing the elastic ball 201 to expand rapidly and press against the ball cage claw 104, so that it can no longer swing inward and shrink, thereby achieving the goal of locking the ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool at the reduced diameter of the target sleeve.

[0062] An oil wellhead debris catcher is a device installed at the wellhead of an oil well to capture and collect solid debris generated during oil and gas production.

[0063] The working principle of the chip catcher at the wellhead of an oil well: When the oil-gas mixture gushes out from the oil well, the solid debris therein will gradually settle to the bottom of the chip catcher under the action of gravity due to the changes in its speed and pressure; through a special design, the oil-gas mixture is caused to rotate in the chip catcher, and the solid debris is thrown to the wall of the chip catcher by centrifugal force, and then slides to the bottom; filtering elements such as filter screens and filter elements are arranged inside the chip catcher, and when oil and gas pass through, the solid debris is intercepted on the filtering element, while the oil and gas continue to flow upward through the filtering element.

Claims

1. A ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool, comprising a ball cage unit (1) and a ball plug unit (2), characterized in that: The ball cage unit (1) comprises a ball cage body (101) and a ball cage claw (104), wherein the ball cage claw (104) is connected to the ball cage body (101), and the ball cage claw (104) initially expands outwards, and when encountering a non-target sleeve shrinkage or other blocking, the ball cage claw (104) contracts inwards and freely passes through the sleeve and the sleeve; The ball plug unit (2) comprises an elastic ball (201), which is arranged on the ball cage body (101) and located inside the ball cage claw (104). The elastic ball (201) can expand and contract. After reaching the target sliding sleeve position, the elastic ball (201) expands and presses against the ball cage claw (104), limiting the ball cage claw (104) from swinging inwards and contracting, thereby completing the tag locking.

2. The ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ball cage unit (1) further comprises a pin shaft (106) and a torsion spring (107). The pin shaft (106) and the torsion spring (107) are installed at the lower part of the ball cage claw (104). Under the action of the elastic force of the torsion spring (107), the claw of the ball cage claw (104) expands outward.

3. The ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The ball cage unit (1) further comprises a fixing seat (108), a cross-shaped cavity is arranged on the upper part of the ball cage body (101), a pin shaft (106) is connected to the fixing seat (108), the fixing seat (108) is fixed on the cross-shaped cavity, and the ball cage claw (104) is arranged at the cross-shaped cavity.

4. The ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The ball cage unit (1) further comprises an upper cover (102) and a limit block (103); the limit block (103) is in a spline shape and is installed in a slot on the upper part of the ball cage body (101); the upper cover (102) is connected to the upper part of the ball cage body (101) by means of threads; the upper cover (102) presses the limit block (103); the limit block (103) blocks the upper part of the ball cage claw (104) to limit the swing angle of the ball cage claw (104).

5. The ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The ball cage unit (1) further comprises a sealing ring (105). An annular groove is arranged on the outer periphery of the ball cage body (101). The sealing ring (105) is arranged at the annular groove. A gas generating module (4) is arranged in the annular groove. After ignition, the gas generating module (4) can generate gas to push the sealing ring (105) to expand outward.

6. The ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The ball plug unit (2) further comprises a ball seat (202). The interior of the elastic ball (201) is a hollow structure. The bottom of the elastic ball (201) is connected to the center of a cross-shaped cavity on the ball cage body (101) via the ball seat (202). A gas generating module (4) is arranged inside the elastic ball (201).

7. The ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The ball plug unit (2) further comprises a monitoring module (203); the elastic ball (201) is made of a low-density soluble material, and the monitoring module (203) is arranged inside the elastic ball (201).

8. The ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool further comprises a control detection unit (3), wherein the control detection unit (3) comprises a control module (301) and a detection module (302), and the control module (301) and the detection module (302) are arranged on the ball cage body (101).

9. The ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: The gas generating module (4) comprises a sealed shell (401), an igniter (402), an igniter powder (403), a solid fuel (404) and a sintered metal filter (405); the igniter powder (403) is arranged on the upper side of the igniter (402); the solid fuel (404) is arranged on the periphery of the igniter powder (403); the solid fuel (404) is arranged in the sealed shell (401); the sintered metal filter (405) is arranged on the periphery of the sealed shell (401); and the sintered metal filter (405) is provided with a gas outlet (406).

10. The ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool according to claim 9, characterized in that: The ball cage type intelligent fracturing sleeve opening tool further comprises a power module (6), and the power module (6) is used to supply power to the control module (301) and the gas generation module (4).

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