Efficient crushing and deslagging system and working method

Abstract

The invention provides an efficient crushing and deslagging system and a working method.The efficient crushing and deslagging system further comprises a fixing plate, an efficient crushing device, a deslagging device, a thrust oil cylinder, a supporting device and a slag stone conveying device, the fixing plate is installed at the front end of a slag inlet, the efficient crushing device is fixedly connected to the slag inlet, the lower portion of an assembling system is connected with the deslagging device, and the thrust oil cylinder is connected with the supporting device; and the thrust cylinder is positioned between the middle shield and the tail shield. The high-efficiency crushing device arranged at the front end of the slag discharging device rotates, extrudes and crushes large-particle-size slag stones through a wear-resistant alloy cutter on the high-efficiency crushing device to change the particle size of the slag stones, the crushing efficiency is high, the particle size of finished products is uniform, and the reliability is high; and crushed small-particle-size slag stones are discharged through gaps between wear-resistant alloy cutters in the efficient crushing device, so that clamping stagnation of the slag discharging device is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction machinery, and in particular to a high-efficiency crushing and slag discharging system and a working method. Background Art

[0002] In the process of the booming development of urban underground space today, the shield machine construction method has become the preferred method for tunnel construction due to its advantages such as safety, reliability and high degree of mechanization.

[0003] The shield machine is constructed in a tunnel with a complex and changeable underground environment, and needs to meet different construction modes. When there is large-size slag in the mud-water mode, the slag discharge device will be stuck, restricting the construction efficiency; in the mud-water mode, mud pipelines and crushers are needed to transport slag. The slag crushing efficiency of traditional crushers is low, and the replacement of slag discharge devices takes a certain amount of construction time. In particular, after the cutter head is slag, it is easy to block the discharge port, causing a large amount of slag to be unable to be discharged, and crowding the inside of the shield, causing damage to the inside of the shield.

[0004] In order to solve the problems in the prior art, a high-efficiency crushing and slag discharging system is provided. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes an efficient crushing and slag discharging system to solve the existing problems.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows: The present invention provides a high-efficiency crushing and slag discharge system, comprising a cutter disc, a main driving mechanism, a shield body, a M-beam and a segment assembly system, wherein the cutter disc is located at the front end of the shield body, the main driving mechanism is connected to the cutter disc through a driving disc and installed inside the main engine of the shield machine, the shield body comprises a front shield, a middle shield and a tail shield; the M-beam is fixed to the shield body by bolts, the segment assembly system is fixed to the same position with the M-beam flange plate by bolts, and also comprises a fixed plate, a high-efficiency crushing device, a slag discharge device, a thrust cylinder, a supporting device and a slag conveying device, the fixed plate is installed at the front end of the slag inlet, the high-efficiency crushing device is connected and fixed at the slag inlet, the lower part of the assembly system is connected with the slag discharge device, the thrust cylinder is located between the middle shield and the tail shield, the bottom of the supporting device is fixed on the connecting beam of the main beam of the segment assembly system, the slag conveying device is located below the slag discharge device, a rotating ring plate is connected to one side of the cutter disc, and a protective device is provided at the lower end of the fixed plate.

[0007] Further, preferably, the high-efficiency crushing device includes a motor fixing seat arranged at the lower part of the outer ring surface of the main driving mechanism, a side surface of the motor fixing seat is fixedly connected to a motor, the motor is connected to a transmission shaft through a coupling, an upper wear-resistant protective cover is arranged on the outer side of the motor fixing seat, a rotor is sleeved on the outer side of the lower end of the transmission shaft, and wear-resistant alloy tooth cutters are evenly distributed at equal angles on the outer side of the rotor, a bearing is sleeved on the lower end of the transmission shaft, the bearing is located inside the lower wear-resistant protective cover therebelow, and the lower end face of the upper wear-resistant protective cover is fixed to the inner lower wall of the shield body.

[0008] Further, preferably, the slag discharge device includes a first barrel section, a second barrel section and a third barrel section, wherein a spiral shaft and spiral shaft blades are sleeved inside the first barrel section, the second barrel section and the third barrel section are all provided with observation windows on the upper outer part, a central driving device is installed at one end of the spiral shaft, an upper slag discharge door and a lower slag discharge door are provided on the lower outer part of the third barrel section, a mud pipe is provided between the upper slag discharge door and the lower slag discharge door, and an electric ball valve is provided inside one end of the mud pipe.

[0009] Further, preferably, the inner surface of the rotating ring plate is an inclined surface, and the outer side of the rotating ring plate is rotatably fitted inside one end of the shield body, and the inner surface of the rotating ring plate is spirally fixedly connected with a flip plate evenly distributed at equal angles along a ring.

[0010] Further, preferably, the protective device includes a discharge outlet arranged at the lower part of the fixed plate, a placement groove is opened in the middle of the upper wall of the discharge outlet, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the top surface of the placement groove, a push rod is connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, a partition is fixedly connected to the lower end of the push rod, the partition is slidably matched with a closed groove, and the closed groove is opened on both sides of the lower part of the fixed plate.

[0011] Further, preferably, the lower end surface of the partition is closed to the inner lower wall of the discharge port.

[0012] A working method of an efficient crushing and slag discharging system comprises the following steps: S1. After the cutter disc crushes the slag, the slag will fall on the inner surface of the rotating ring plate, and the power of the cutter disc will drive the rotating ring plate to rotate inside one end of the shield, so that the slag that falls inside the rotating ring plate will slide along the inclined surface and the guide surface of the flip plate toward the discharge port, which can effectively and quickly move the slag toward the high-efficiency crushing device, avoid the accumulation of a large amount of slag, and improve practicality. If large-sized slag blocks the discharge port, it is easy to cause congestion inside the rotating ring plate, causing damage to the inside of the rotating ring plate and the inside of the shield. The adjacent space of multiple flip plates and the rotating ring plate can effectively loosen the slag at the bottom of the rotating ring plate, avoiding congestion inside the rotating ring plate and the inside of the shield.

[0013] S2. In the process of fast conveying of slag and stone, it is easy to cause damage to the wear-resistant alloy tooth cutter on the high-efficiency crushing device. In order to avoid this problem, a protective device is provided. In the process of continuous and fast crushing, in order to extend the service life, the hydraulic cylinder is started to drive the push rod to move downward, so that the partition slides downward inside the closed groove until the lower end surface of the partition is completely closed to the inner lower wall of the discharge port, and the hydraulic cylinder can be stopped to complete the closing work. After the partition is closed, the slag and stone can be blocked at the port of the discharge port. After the high-efficiency crushing device crushes the blocked slag and stone, the hydraulic cylinder is started to drive the partition to move upward, and then the discharge port is opened. The slag and stone are then transported to the discharge port to the high-efficiency crushing device by rotating the ring plate and the flip plate, and the slag and stone are crushed again.

[0014] S3. When there are large-sized slag stones under earth pressure mode or mud-water mode, the wear-resistant alloy tooth cutters on the high-efficiency crushing device are used to break the large-sized slag stones. After breaking, the small-sized slag stones enter the slag discharge device, which rotates clockwise through the spiral shaft and the spiral shaft blades to transport the small-sized slag stones to the inside of the first cylinder section, the second cylinder section and the third cylinder section. During the continuous transportation of the small-sized slag stones, the small-sized slag stones are continuously transported to the slag conveyor belt through the lower slag discharge door, and then discharged outward.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The high-efficiency crushing device installed at the front end of the slag discharge device rotates and squeezes the large-size slag through the wear-resistant alloy cutter on the high-efficiency crushing device to change the slag particle size. The crushing characteristics are high crushing efficiency, uniform finished product particle size, and strong reliability. The small-size slag after crushing is discharged through the gap between the wear-resistant alloy cutters inside the high-efficiency crushing device, thereby avoiding the slag discharge device from being stuck; (2) A mud pipe is arranged between the upper and lower slag doors of the slag discharge device to realize mud transportation in the mud-water mode, and the slag discharge door completes slag transportation in the earth pressure mode. A multifunctional slag discharge device can meet the requirements of slag transportation in both earth pressure and mud-water modes; (3) The adjacent spaces of multiple flip plates and the rotating ring plate can effectively loosen the debris at the bottom of the rotating ring plate, avoiding congestion inside the rotating ring plate and the inside of the shield, thereby improving protection and functionality; (4) The slag that falls inside the rotating ring plate slides along the inclined surface and the guide surface of the flip plate toward the discharge port, which can effectively and quickly move the slag toward the high-efficiency crushing device, avoiding the accumulation of a large amount of slag and improving practicality; (5) By setting the partition, it is possible to avoid overloading the high-efficiency crushing device by continuously conveying slag, thereby reducing the wear of the wear-resistant alloy tooth cutter and increasing its service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the efficient crushing and slag discharging system disclosed in the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a rotating ring plate of a high-efficiency crushing and slag-discharging system disclosed in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a high-efficiency crushing device of a high-efficiency crushing and slag-discharging system disclosed in the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a slag discharge device of a high-efficiency crushing and slag discharge system disclosed in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a flap plate of a high-efficiency crushing and slag-discharging system disclosed in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a partial enlarged view of the protective device of the high-efficiency crushing and slag-discharging system disclosed in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a partition of the high-efficiency crushing and slag-discharging system disclosed in the present invention.

[0018] Figure ID: 1-cutter head, 2-main drive mechanism, 3-shield, 4-M-beam, 5-segment assembly system, 6-fixed plate, 6-1-discharge port, 6-2-closed slot, 7-high-efficiency crushing device, 8-slag discharge device, 9-thrust cylinder, 10-support device, 11-slag conveying device, 12-rotating ring plate, 12-1-inclined surface, 12-2-flip plate, 13-protective device, 13-1-placement slot, 13-2-hydraulic cylinder, 13-3-push rod, 13-4-partition, 7-1-motor, 7 -2-motor positioning seat, 7-3-coupling, 7-4-upper wear-resistant protective cover, 7-5-rotor, 7-6-transmission shaft, 7-7-wear-resistant alloy tooth cutter, 7-8-bearing, 7-9-lower wear-resistant protective cover, 8-1-screw shaft, 8-2-screw shaft blade, 8-3-observation window, 8-4-first cylinder section, 8-5-second cylinder section, 8-6-third cylinder section, 8-7-central driving device, 8-8 upper slag discharge door, 8-9-lower slag discharge door, 8-10-mud pipe, 8-11-electric ball valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, combined Figure 3-7 The embodiment of the present invention discloses an efficient crushing and slag discharging system, including a cutter disc 1, a main driving mechanism 2, a shield body 3, a M-beam 4 and a segment assembly system 5, wherein the cutter disc 1 is located at the front end of the shield body 3, the main driving mechanism 2 is connected with the cutter disc 1 through a driving disc and installed inside the main engine of the shield machine, the shield body 3 includes a front shield, a middle shield and a rear shield; the M-beam 4 is fixed to the shield body 3 by bolts, the segment assembly system 5 is fixed to the same position with the flange plate of the M-beam 4 by bolts, and further includes a fixing plate 6, an efficient crushing device 7, a slag discharging device (8), a propulsion cylinder 9, a support device 10 and a slag conveying device 11, the fixed plate 6 is installed at the front end of the slag inlet, the high-efficiency crushing device 7 is connected and fixed at the slag inlet, the lower part of the assembly system 5 is connected with a slag discharge device 8, the propulsion cylinder 9 is located between the middle shield and the tail shield, the bottom of the support device 10 is fixed on the connecting beam of the main beam of the segment assembly system 5, the slag conveying device 11 is located below the slag discharge device 8, a rotating ring plate 12 is connected to one side of the cutter head 3, and a protective device 13 is provided at the lower end of the fixed plate 6.

[0021] In this embodiment, the high-efficiency crushing device 7 includes a motor fixing seat 7-2 arranged at the lower part of the outer ring surface of the main driving mechanism 2, and a motor 7-1 is fixedly connected to one side of the motor fixing seat 7-2, and the motor 7-1 is connected to a transmission shaft 7-6 through a coupling 7-3. An upper wear-resistant protective cover 7-4 is arranged on the outer side of the motor fixing seat 7-2, and a rotor 7-5 is sleeved on the outer side of the lower end of the transmission shaft 7-6. Wear-resistant alloy tooth cutters 7-7 are evenly arranged in annular shapes at equal angles on the outer side of the rotor 7-5. A bearing 7-8 is sleeved on the lower end of the transmission shaft 7-6, and the bearing 7-8 is located inside the lower wear-resistant protective cover 7-9 below it. The lower end face of the upper wear-resistant protective cover 7-4 is fixed to the inner lower wall of the shield body 3. In order to ensure the crushing effect, two groups of high-efficiency crushing devices 7 are arranged, and they are arranged adjacent to each other, such as Figure 3As shown, the crushing effect is better through the extrusion and cutting of two adjacent groups of crushing devices. In the soil pressure and mud water mode, the slag with larger particle size generated during the excavation process is changed by the rotation, extrusion and crushing action of the wear-resistant alloy tooth cutter 7-7 inside the high-efficiency crushing device 7. The small particle size slag enters the slag discharge device 8. The bottom of the support device 10 is fixed to the connecting beam of the main beam in the segment assembly system 5 by welding, and the other end is used to support the slag discharge device 8. In the soil pressure mode, the slag conveying device 11 is located below the slag discharge door 8-9 of the slag discharge device 8, and the slag is continuously conveyed during the excavation process. In the mud water mode, the slag discharge device 8 can also replace the mud pipeline to realize its function and transport mud slag.

[0022] In this embodiment, the slag discharge device 8 includes a first barrel section 8-4, a second barrel section 8-5 and a third barrel section 8-6, and the first barrel section 8-4, the second barrel section 8-5 and the third barrel section 8-6 are internally sleeved with a spiral shaft 8-1 and a spiral shaft blade 8-2. The first barrel section 8-4, the second barrel section 8-5 and the third barrel section 8-6 are all equipped with an observation window 8-3 on the upper outer part, and a central driving device 8-7 is installed at one end of the spiral shaft 8-1. The lower outer part of the third barrel section 8-6 is provided with an upper slag discharge door 8-8 and a lower slag discharge door 8-9, and a mud pipe 8-10 is provided between the upper slag discharge door 8-8 and the lower slag discharge door 8-9, and an electric ball valve 8-11 is provided inside one end of the mud pipe 8-10. The central driving device 8-7 drives the spiral shaft 8-1 and the spiral shaft blade 8-2 to rotate clockwise, so that small slag is transported to the rear end of the slag discharge device 8 driven by the spiral shaft blade 8-2, and observation windows 8-3 are provided on the three cylinder sections to facilitate the observation of the slag transportation situation. In the earth pressure mode, the double slag discharge doors are opened to both ends, and the electric ball valve 8-11 is closed to keep the mud pipe 8-10 in a closed state, and the small-size slag is continuously transported to the slag conveyor belt 11 through the lower slag discharge door 8-9; in the mud and water mode, the upper slag discharge door 8-8 is opened, the lower slag discharge door 8-9 is closed, the electric ball valve 8-11 is opened, and the mud slag is transported through the mud pipe 8-10 to ensure the continuous transportation of slag and prevent the slag discharge device 8 from getting stuck. Due to the limitation of the diameter of the mud pipe in the mud-water mode, in order to prevent large-size slag from clogging the mud pipe, a crusher needs to be installed before the mud pipeline to change the diameter of the slag. This high-efficiency crushing device 7 and slag discharge device 8 can also replace the mud pipeline and crusher to complete the mud and slag transportation in the mud-water mode.

[0023] In this embodiment, the inner surface of the rotating ring plate 12 is an inclined surface 12-1, and the outer side of the rotating ring plate 12 is rotatably fitted inside one end of the shield body 3, and the inner surface of the rotating ring plate 12 is spirally connected to a flip plate 12-2 evenly distributed along a ring at equal angles. The rotating ring plate 12 is driven by the power of the cutter head 1 to rotate inside one end of the shield body 3, so that the slag falling inside the rotating ring plate 12 slides along the inclined surface 12-1 and the guide surface of the flip plate 12-2 toward the discharge port 6-1, and the slag can be effectively and quickly moved toward the direction of the high-efficiency crushing device 7. The slag at the bottom of the rotating ring plate 12 can be effectively loosened through the adjacent spaces of the multiple flip plates 12-2 and the rotating rotating ring plate 12, which can avoid congestion inside the rotating ring plate 12 and the inside of the shield body 3, thereby improving protection and functionality.

[0024] In this embodiment, the protective device 13 includes a discharge port 6-1 provided at the lower part of the fixed plate 6, a placement slot 13-1 is provided in the middle of the upper wall of the discharge port 6-1, a hydraulic cylinder 13-2 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the placement slot 13-1, a push rod 13-3 is connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 13-2, a partition 13-4 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the push rod 13-3, and the partition 13-4 is slidably matched with a closed slot 6-2, which is provided on both sides of the lower part of the fixed plate 6. The partition 13-4 is installed between the excavation bin and the slag inlet of the slag discharge device, and the partition 13-4 is lifted and lowered under the control of the matching oil cylinder; when the partition 13-4 rises, the slag with a larger particle size generated during the excavation process enters the high-efficiency crushing device 7 from the excavation bin. The hydraulic cylinder 13-2 is started to drive the push rod 13-3 to move downward, so that the partition 13-4 slides downward inside the closed groove 6-2 until the lower end surface of the partition 13-4 is completely closed on the inner lower wall of the discharge outlet 6-1, and the hydraulic cylinder 13-2 can be stopped to complete the closing work. After the partition 13-4 is closed, large pieces of slag can be blocked at the port of the discharge outlet 6-1 (a smaller through hole is provided on the partition 13-4 to allow small particles of slag to pass through). After the high-efficiency crushing device 7 crushes the large pieces of slag on the inside after the blockage, the hydraulic cylinder 13-2 is started to drive the partition 13-4 to move upward, and then, the discharge outlet 6-1 is opened, and the slag is transported to the discharge outlet 6 to the high-efficiency crushing device 7 by rotating the ring plate 12 and the flip plate 12-2, and the slag is crushed again, which can avoid continuous transportation of large pieces of slag that is higher than the overload of the high-efficiency crushing device 7, thereby reducing the wear of the wear-resistant alloy tooth cutter 7-7 and increasing its service life.

[0025] In this embodiment, the lower end surface of the partition 13-4 is closed to the inner lower wall of the discharge port 6-1. After the partition 13-4 is closed, the slag can be blocked at the port of the discharge port 6-1, and the high-efficiency crushing device 7 can be prevented from working and being overloaded.

[0026] A working method of an efficient crushing and slag discharging system comprises the following steps: S1. After the cutter head 1 crushes the slag, the slag will fall on the inner surface of the rotating ring plate 12. The power of the cutter head 1 drives the rotating ring plate 12 to rotate inside one end of the shield body 3, so that the slag that falls inside the rotating ring plate 12 slides along the inclined surface 12-1 and the guide surface of the flip plate 12-2 toward the discharge port 6-1. The slag can be effectively and quickly moved toward the high-efficiency crushing device 7, avoiding the accumulation of a large amount of slag and improving practicality. If slag with a larger particle size blocks the port of the discharge port 6-1, it is easy to cause congestion inside the rotating ring plate 12, thereby damaging the inside of the rotating ring plate 12 and the inside of the shield body 3. The adjacent space of the multiple flip plates 12-2 and the rotating rotating ring plate 12 can effectively loosen the slag at the bottom of the rotating ring plate 12, thereby avoiding congestion inside the rotating ring plate 12 and the inside of the shield body 3.

[0027] S2. In the process of fast conveying of slag, it is easy to cause damage to the wear-resistant alloy tooth cutter 7-7 on the high-efficiency crushing device 7. In order to avoid this problem, a protective device 13 is provided. In the process of continuous and fast crushing, in order to extend the service life, the hydraulic cylinder 13-2 is started to drive the push rod 13-3 to move downward, so that the partition 13-4 slides downward inside the closed groove 6-2 until the lower end surface of the partition 13-4 is completely closed to the inner lower wall of the discharge port 6-1, and the hydraulic cylinder 13-2 can be stopped to complete the closing work. After the partition 13-4 is closed, the slag can be blocked at the port of the discharge port 6-1. After the high-efficiency crushing device 7 crushes the blocked slag, the hydraulic cylinder 13-2 is started to drive the partition 13-4 to move upward, and then the discharge port 6-1 is opened, and the slag is transported to the discharge port 6 to the high-efficiency crushing device 7 by rotating the ring plate 12 and the flip plate 12-2, and the slag is crushed again.

[0028] S3. When there are large-sized slag stones under earth pressure mode or mud water mode, the large-sized slag stones are broken by the wear-resistant alloy tooth cutter 7-7 on the high-efficiency crushing device 7. After breaking, the small-sized slag stones enter the slag discharge device 8, which rotates clockwise through the spiral shaft 8-1 and the spiral shaft blades 8-2 to transport the small-sized slag stones to the inside of the first cylinder section 8-4, the second cylinder section 8-5 and the third cylinder section 8-6. During the continuous transportation of the small-sized slag stones, the small-sized slag stones are continuously transported to the slag conveyor belt 11 through the lower slag discharge door 8-9, and then discharged outward.

[0029] The working principle of the present invention is: In the present invention, firstly, after the cutter head 1 has crushed the slag, the slag will fall on the inner surface of the rotating ring plate 12, and the rotating ring plate 12 is driven by the power of the cutter head 1 to rotate inside one end of the shield body 3, so that the slag falling inside the rotating ring plate 12 slides along the inclined surface 12-1 and the guide surface of the flip plate 12-2 toward the discharge port 6-1, and the slag can be effectively and quickly moved toward the high-efficiency crushing device 7, avoiding the accumulation of a large amount of slag, thereby improving practicality. If slag of larger particle size blocks the port of the discharge port 6-1, it is easy to cause congestion inside the rotating ring plate 12, thereby damaging the inside of the rotating ring plate 12 and the inside of the shield body 3. The space adjacent to the multiple flip plates 12-2 and the rotating rotating ring plate 12 can effectively loosen the slag at the bottom of the rotating ring plate 12, thereby avoiding congestion inside the rotating ring plate 12 and the inside of the shield body 3, thereby improving protection and functionality.

[0030] In the process of fast conveying of slag, it is easy to cause damage to the wear-resistant alloy tooth cutter 7-7 on the high-efficiency crushing device 7. In order to avoid this problem, a protective device 13 is provided. In the process of continuous and fast crushing, in order to extend the service life, the hydraulic cylinder 13-2 is started to drive the push rod 13-3 to move downward, so that the partition 13-4 slides downward inside the closing groove 6-2 until the lower end surface of the partition 13-4 is completely closed to the inner lower wall of the discharge port 6-1, and the hydraulic cylinder 13-2 can be stopped to complete the closing work. After the partition 13-4 is closed, the slag can be blocked at the discharge port. The port 6-1 is blocked (the blocking time is 1-3 minutes, which depends on the overload of the high-efficiency crushing device 7). After the high-efficiency crushing device 7 crushes the blocked slag, the hydraulic cylinder 13-2 is started to drive the partition 13-4 to move upward, and then the discharge port 6-1 is opened. The slag is transported to the discharge port 6 to the high-efficiency crushing device 7 by rotating the ring plate 12 and the flip plate 12-2, and the slag is crushed again. This can avoid continuous transportation of slag that is higher than the overload of the high-efficiency crushing device 7, thereby reducing the wear of the wear-resistant alloy tooth cutter 7-7 and increasing its service life.

[0031] When there are large-sized slag stones in the earth pressure mode or the mud water mode, the large-sized slag stones are broken by the wear-resistant alloy tooth cutter 7-7 on the high-efficiency crushing device 7. After being broken, the small-sized slag enters the slag discharge device 8, which rotates clockwise through the spiral shaft 8-1 and the spiral shaft blade 8-2 to transport the small-sized slag stones to the inside of the first cylinder section 8-4, the second cylinder section 8-5 and the third cylinder section 8-6. During the continuous transportation of the small-sized slag stones, the small-sized slag stones are continuously transported to the slag conveyor belt 11 through the lower slag discharge door 8-9, and then discharged outward; the high-efficiency crushing device 7 and the slag discharge device 8 can replace the mud pipeline and the crusher to realize the transportation of mud slag stones in the mud water mode, saving the time of suspending the construction of the shield machine to replace the mud pipeline and add a crusher, and improving the construction efficiency of the shield machine to a certain extent. This high-efficiency crushing and slag discharge system can meet the slag stone transportation under the earth pressure and mud water modes, and also saves the time of replacing the slag discharge device under different modes, saving the internal space of the shield body, reducing costs, and improving the economy of shield construction.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency crushing and slag-discharging system, comprising a cutter disc (1), a main drive mechanism (2), a shield body (3), a M-beam (4) and a segment assembly system (5), wherein the cutter disc (1) is located at the front end of the shield body (3), the main drive mechanism (2) is connected to the cutter disc (1) via a drive disc and installed inside a main unit of a shield machine, the shield body (3) comprises a front shield, a middle shield and a rear shield; the M-beam (4) is fixed to the shield body (3) by means of bolts, and the segment assembly system (5) is fixed to the same position as a flange plate of the M-beam (4) by means of bolts, characterized in that: It also comprises a fixed plate (6), a high-efficiency crushing device (7), a slag discharge device (8), a propulsion cylinder (9), a support device (10) and a slag conveying device (11), wherein the fixed plate (6) is mounted at the front end of the slag inlet, the high-efficiency crushing device (7) is connected and fixed at the slag inlet, the lower part of the assembly system (5) is connected to the slag discharge device (8), the propulsion cylinder (9) is located between the middle shield and the tail shield, the bottom of the support device (10) is fixed to the connecting beam of the main beam of the segment assembly system (5), the slag conveying device (11) is located below the slag discharge device (8), a rotating ring plate (12) is connected to one side of the cutter head (3), and a protective device (13) is arranged at the lower end of the fixed plate (6).

2. The efficient crushing and slag discharging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-efficiency crushing device (7) comprises a motor fixing seat (7-2) arranged at the lower part of the outer ring surface of the main driving mechanism (2), a motor (7-1) is fixedly connected to one side of the motor fixing seat (7-2), the motor (7-1) is connected to a transmission shaft (7-6) through a coupling (7-3), an upper wear-resistant protective cover (7-4) is arranged on the outer side of the motor fixing seat (7-2), a rotor (7-5) is sleeved on the outer side of the lower end of the transmission shaft (7-6), and wear-resistant alloy tooth cutters (7-7) are evenly arranged on the outer side of the rotor (7-5) at equal angles in an annular manner, a bearing (7-8) is sleeved on the lower end of the transmission shaft (7-6), and the bearing (7-8) is located inside a lower wear-resistant protective cover (7-9) below the bearing, and the lower end surface of the upper wear-resistant protective cover (7-4) is fixed to the inner lower wall of the shield body (3).

3. The efficient crushing and slag discharging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slag discharge device (8) comprises a first barrel section (8-4), a second barrel section (8-5) and a third barrel section (8-6), wherein a spiral shaft (8-1) and spiral shaft blades (8-2) are sleeved inside the first barrel section (8-4), the second barrel section (8-5) and the third barrel section (8-6), wherein an observation window (8-3) is installed on the upper outer part of each of the first barrel section (8-4), the second barrel section (8-5) and the third barrel section (8-6), wherein a central driving device (8-7) is installed at one end of the spiral shaft (8-1), and an upper slag discharge door (8-8) and a lower slag discharge door (8-9) are installed at the lower outer part of the third barrel section (8-6), wherein a mud pipe (8-10) is provided between the upper slag discharge door (8-8) and the lower slag discharge door (8-9), and wherein an electric ball valve (8-11) is installed inside one end of the mud pipe (8-10).

4. The efficient crushing and slag discharging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner surface of the rotating ring plate (12) is an inclined surface (12-1), and the outer side of the rotating ring plate (12) is rotatably fitted inside one end of the shield body (3), and the inner surface of the rotating ring plate (12) is spirally connected to a flap plate (12-2) evenly distributed at equal angles along a ring.

5. The efficient crushing and slag discharging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective device (13) comprises a discharge port (6-1) provided at the lower part of the fixed plate (6); a placement groove (13-1) is provided in the middle of the inner upper wall of the discharge port (6-1); a hydraulic cylinder (13-2) is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the placement groove (13-1); a push rod (13-3) is connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (13-2); a partition plate (13-4) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the push rod (13-3); a closed groove (6-2) is slidably matched with the partition plate (13-4); and the closed groove (6-2) is provided on both sides of the lower part of the fixed plate (6).

6. The efficient crushing and slag discharging system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower end surface of the partition (13-4) is closed on the inner lower wall of the discharge port (6-1).

7. A working method using the efficient crushing and slag discharging system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. After the cutter disc (1) crushes the slag, the slag will fall onto the inner surface of the rotating ring plate (12). The power of the cutter disc (1) drives the rotating ring plate (12) to rotate inside one end of the shield body (3), so that the slag that falls inside the rotating ring plate (12) slides along the inclined surface (12-1) and the guide surface of the flip plate (12-2) toward the discharge port (6-1). The slag can be effectively and quickly moved toward the high-efficiency crushing device (7), avoiding the accumulation of a large amount of slag, thereby improving practicality. If slag with a larger particle size blocks the port of the discharge port (6-1), it is easy to cause congestion inside the rotating ring plate (12), thereby damaging the inside of the rotating ring plate (12) and the inside of the shield body (3). The adjacent spaces of the plurality of flip plates (12-2) and the rotating rotating ring plate (12) can effectively loosen the slag at the bottom of the rotating ring plate (12), thereby avoiding congestion inside the rotating ring plate (12) and the inside of the shield body (3); S2. During the rapid transportation of slag and stone, it is easy to cause damage to the wear-resistant alloy tooth cutter (7-7) on the high-efficiency crushing device (7). In order to avoid this problem, a protective device (13) is provided. During the continuous rapid crushing, in order to extend the service life, the hydraulic cylinder (13-2) is started to drive the push rod (13-3) to move downward, so that the partition (13-4) slides downward inside the closed groove (6-2) until the lower end surface of the partition (13-4) is completely closed on the inner lower wall of the discharge port (6-1). The hydraulic cylinder (13-2) is stopped to complete the closing operation. After the partition (13-4) is closed, the slag can be blocked at the port of the discharge port (6-1). After the blocked slag is crushed by the high-efficiency crushing device (7), the hydraulic cylinder (13-2) is started to drive the partition (13-4) to move upward, thereby opening the discharge port (6-1). The slag is then transported to the discharge port (6) to the high-efficiency crushing device (7) by rotating the ring plate (12) and the flip plate (12-2), and the slag is crushed again. S3. When there are large-sized slag stones in the earth pressure mode or mud-water mode, the wear-resistant alloy tooth cutter (7-7) on the high-efficiency crushing device (7) is used to break the large-sized slag stones. After breaking, the small-sized slag stones enter the slag discharge device (8), which rotates clockwise through the spiral shaft (8-1) and the spiral shaft blades (8-2) to transport the small-sized slag stones to the inside of the first cylinder section (8-4), the second cylinder section (8-5) and the third cylinder section (8-6). During the continuous transportation of the small-sized slag stones, the small-sized slag stones are continuously transported to the slag conveyor belt (11) through the lower slag discharge door (8-9), and then discharged to the outside.

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