Downward hexagonal drift filling and rib laying method

Abstract

The invention relates to a downward hexagonal drift filling and rib laying method. The downward hexagonal drift filling and rib laying method comprises the following steps: leveling a field after finishing drift recovery; hanging main reinforcements are arranged on the side walls of the hexagonal stope, and bent reinforcements with certain lengths are reserved at the upper ends of the hanging main reinforcements; prefabricated and welded reinforcing meshes are laid on the side walls of the hexagonal stope, and the reinforcing meshes and the suspension main reinforcements are tightened and connected through binding wires; prefabricated and welded reinforcing meshes are laid on the hexagonal stope bottom plate, and the reinforcing meshes are bent at the bottom corners of the side walls to be attached to the side walls; prefabricated vertical ribs are arranged in the stoping direction of the stope, and each row of vertical ribs are connected with side wall main ribs. According to the scheme, the side wall steel bar meshes and the bottom plate steel bar meshes can be supported through the side wall suspension main reinforcements, fire operation is avoided by using the prefabricated steel bar meshes, the bearing capacity of the bottom plate steel bar meshes is improved by arranging the vertical reinforcements, use of the bottom plate main reinforcements is omitted, and the hexagonal route steel bar distribution efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mining access filling, and in particular to a method for laying reinforcement for filling a downward hexagonal access. Background Art

[0002] In the related technology, hexagonal approach filling is an efficient mining method widely used in underground metal mining. Its core lies in using a hexagonal section as the approach shape, which makes the stress distribution more uniform, reduces stress concentration, and reduces the risk of surrounding rock damage. The exposed surface of the roof of the hexagonal section is narrow, and it is not easy to cause roof collapse accidents. The hexagonal section is conducive to the dense filling of the filling body, improves the strength and stability of the filling body, and enhances the overall surrounding rock support capacity.

[0003] At present, the hexagonal access filling reinforcement process in the mine adopts the main and auxiliary reinforcement joint on-site laying process. The main reinforcement adopts φ12mm threaded steel bars, with a mesh size of 1m×1m, and is welded and connected. The main reinforcement is hung on the side wall and welded with the upper layered hanging ring to hang the overall steel mesh. The auxiliary reinforcement adopts φ6mm round steel and is laid on the main reinforcement with a mesh size of 0.35m×0.35m. The auxiliary reinforcements and the auxiliary reinforcements and the main reinforcements are connected by binding. This process uses a large amount of main reinforcements, has low reinforcement laying efficiency, and all main reinforcements need to be welded. The welding operation requires underground hot work approval, and due to the particularity of the mining process, coupled with the large amount of smoke and dust generated by the welding operation, the ventilation demand of the mining site is large, the working environment is poor, and the safety is low.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a hexagonal approach filling reinforcement laying process that uses less main reinforcement and does not require welding, so as to solve the problems of low efficiency of hexagonal approach reinforcement laying, large amount of main reinforcement, and welding and hot work required for reinforcement laying. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve or partially solve the problems existing in the related technology, the present application provides a method for filling and laying reinforcement in a downward hexagonal approach, aiming to solve the current problems of low efficiency of reinforcement laying in hexagonal approaches, large amount of main reinforcement, and welding and hot work required for reinforcement laying.

[0006] The present application provides a method for filling and laying reinforcement in a downward hexagonal access road, comprising:

[0007] After the mining of the approach is completed, the site is leveled, a 200mm to 300mm crushed ore layer is reserved on the floor, and the water on the floor is drained;

[0008] Arrange the suspended main reinforcement on the side wall of the hexagonal stope, reserve a certain length of bent steel bars at the upper end of the suspended main reinforcement to connect with the upper layered filling body of the hexagonal stope, and tighten the bent part after connection;

[0009] Prefabricated welded steel mesh is laid on the side wall of the hexagonal stope, the steel mesh is connected with the preset inverted wedge anchor rods on the side wall of the hexagonal stope, and the steel mesh and the suspended main reinforcement are tightly connected by tying wire;

[0010] Lay prefabricated welded steel mesh on the hexagonal stope floor, extend the steel mesh to the side wall, bend the steel mesh at the bottom corner of the side wall to fit the side wall;

[0011] Along the mining direction of the mine, prefabricated vertical reinforcement is set at the overlap of adjacent steel meshes on the bottom plate. Bended steel bars are reserved at the lower end of the prefabricated vertical reinforcement. The vertical reinforcement is fixed to the bottom plate steel mesh. Each row of vertical reinforcement is connected to the main reinforcement of the side wall to ensure the stability of the embedded vertical reinforcement during the filling process.

[0012] Optionally, in some embodiments, arranging suspended main reinforcement on the hexagonal stope side wall includes:

[0013] Suspended main reinforcement is arranged on the side wall of the hexagonal stope. It is made of Φ12mm threaded steel. 15cm is reserved at the top of the suspended main reinforcement for bending. The bent part of the main reinforcement is suspended and connected to the upper layered filling body. After connection, the bent part is tightened with double-strand wire.

[0014] Optionally, in some embodiments, prefabricated welded steel mesh is laid on the hexagonal stope side wall, including:

[0015] Lay the steel mesh with Φ6mm steel pre-welded on the main reinforcement of the side wall suspension. The mesh size is 1.4m×2.0m and the mesh size is 200mm×200mm;

[0016] Adjacent steel meshes are crimped with 2 or more holes, and the suspended main reinforcement and steel mesh are tightly connected with wire.

[0017] Optionally, in some embodiments, the inverted wedge anchor is horizontally arranged on the surrounding rock of the hexagonal stope.

[0018] Optionally, in some embodiments, a prefabricated welded steel mesh is laid on the hexagonal stope floor, comprising:

[0019] Lay a steel mesh with Φ6mm steel bars pre-welded on the bottom plate, with a mesh size of 1.4m×2.0m and a mesh size of 200mm×200mm;

[0020] Adjacent steel meshes are crimped with two or more meshes, and the bottom plate steel meshes on both sides are bent at the bottom corners of the side walls so that the steel meshes extend to 0.6m on the side walls of the hexagonal mining area to fit the side walls.

[0021] Optionally, in some embodiments, prefabricated vertical reinforcement is provided, including:

[0022] On the bottom plate, along the mining direction of the stope, at the overlap of adjacent steel mesh sheets, prefabricated Φ12mm threaded steel vertical bars are set with a length of 1.5m and a spacing of 1.0×1.6m;

[0023] The upper end of the vertical reinforcement is welded with threaded steel to form a prefabricated cross fork, with a length of 15cm×15m;

[0024] Reserve 15cm of bent steel bars at the bottom of the vertical bars, and fix the vertical bars to the bottom plate mesh with wire;

[0025] Each row of vertical reinforcement is connected to the main reinforcement of the side wall by means of steel wire winding to ensure the stability of the embedded vertical reinforcement during the filling process.

[0026] The technical solution provided by this application may have the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The main reinforcement is suspended from the side wall to support the side wall mesh and the bottom plate mesh. The use of prefabricated mesh avoids open flame operations. The vertical reinforcement is used to increase the bearing capacity of the bottom plate mesh. The use of the bottom plate main reinforcement is eliminated, and the efficiency of the hexagonal approach reinforcement is improved. The solution of this application ensures the stability of the top plate filling body while significantly reducing the amount of main reinforcement, making it possible to achieve open flame-free reinforcement laying operations.

[0028] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent through a more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments of the present application.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the method for filling and laying reinforcement in a downward hexagonal approach shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the filling structure of a hexagonal stope shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hexagonal stope steel mesh shown in the embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure numerals: 1-surrounding rock, 2-side wall steel mesh, 201-main reinforcement, 202-steel mesh, 3-bottom steel mesh, 4-vertical reinforcement, 5-lower cementing filling body, 6-upper cementing filling body, 7-cavity, 8-inverted wedge anchor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the embodiments of the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present application more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art.

[0035] It should be understood that although the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. may be used in this application to describe various information, this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0036] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0037] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] At present, the hexagonal access filling reinforcement process in the mine adopts the main and auxiliary reinforcement joint on-site laying process. The main reinforcement adopts φ12mm threaded steel bars, with a mesh size of 1m×1m, and is welded and connected. The main reinforcement is hung on the side wall and welded with the upper layered hanging ring to hang the overall steel mesh. The auxiliary reinforcement adopts φ6mm round steel and is laid on the main reinforcement with a mesh size of 0.35m×0.35m. The auxiliary reinforcements and the auxiliary reinforcements and the main reinforcements are connected by binding. This process uses a large amount of main reinforcements, has low reinforcement laying efficiency, and all main reinforcements need to be welded. The welding operation requires underground hot work approval, and due to the particularity of the mining process, coupled with the large amount of smoke and dust generated by the welding operation, the ventilation demand of the mining site is large, the working environment is poor, and the safety is low.

[0039] In response to the above-mentioned problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for laying reinforcement for a downward hexagonal access filling, which can support the side wall steel mesh and the bottom plate steel mesh by suspending main reinforcement from the side wall, avoids open flame operations by using prefabricated steel mesh, increases the bearing capacity of the bottom plate steel mesh by arranging vertical reinforcement, eliminates the use of bottom plate main reinforcement, and improves the efficiency of hexagonal access reinforcement. The solution of the present application greatly reduces the use of main reinforcement while ensuring the stability of the top plate filling body, thereby achieving reinforcement laying operations without open flames.

[0040] The technical solution of the embodiments of the present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the method for filling and laying reinforcement in a downward hexagonal approach shown in an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] See also Figure 1 A method for filling and laying reinforcement in a downward hexagonal approach comprises the following steps:

[0043] S101, after the mining of the approach is completed, the site is leveled, a 200mm to 300mm crushed ore layer is reserved on the floor, and the water on the floor is drained;

[0044] Specifically, special attention should be paid to cleaning the side walls and face of the hexagonal tunnel to avoid loose stones and unclean bottom cleaning, and to ensure that the subsequent filling mesh cage is close to the original structure.

[0045] S102. Arrange the suspended main reinforcement on the side wall of the hexagonal stope, reserve a certain length of bent steel bars at the upper end of the suspended main reinforcement to connect with the upper layered filling body of the hexagonal stope, and tighten the bent part after connection;

[0046] Specifically, the suspension main reinforcement is arranged on the two side walls at the bottom of the hexagonal stope. No reinforcement is laid on the upper part of the hexagonal stope, and it is shared with the bottom side wall of the upper layer of the stope. The suspension main reinforcement is made of Φ12mm threaded steel. 15cm is reserved at the top of the suspension main reinforcement for bending. The bent part of the main reinforcement is connected with the anchor rod in the upper layer filling body by hanging. After connection, the bent part of the suspension main reinforcement is tied tightly with double-stranded wire.

[0047] S103, laying prefabricated welded steel mesh on the side wall of the hexagonal stope, connecting the steel mesh with the preset inverted wedge anchor rods on the side wall of the hexagonal stope, and connecting the steel mesh with the suspended main reinforcement by tying wire;

[0048] Specifically, a pre-welded steel mesh with Φ6mm steel bars is laid on the suspended main reinforcement of the hexagonal mining area side wall. The mesh specifications are 1.4m×2.0m and the mesh size is 200mm×200mm. Adjacent steel meshes are crimped with at least 2 holes, and the suspended main reinforcement and the steel mesh are tightly connected with wire or iron wire.

[0049] The steel mesh is also connected to the preset inverted wedge anchor rods on the side wall of the hexagonal stope. The inverted wedge anchor rods are horizontally arranged on the surrounding rock of the hexagonal stope, and the inverted wedge anchor rods are as close as possible to the top of the lower side wall of the hexagonal stope.

[0050] S104, laying a prefabricated welded steel mesh on the hexagonal stope floor, extending the steel mesh to the side wall, and bending the steel mesh at the bottom corner of the side wall to fit the side wall;

[0051] A pre-welded steel mesh with Φ6mm steel bars is laid on the hexagonal mine floor. The mesh specifications are 1.4m×2.0m and the mesh size is 200mm×200mm. Adjacent steel meshes are crimped with 2 or more holes. The steel meshes on both sides of the hexagonal mine floor are bent at the bottom corners of the side wall so that the steel mesh extends to 0.6m on the side wall of the hexagonal mine to fit the side wall.

[0052] S105. Prefabricated vertical reinforcements are set at the joints of adjacent steel meshes on the bottom plate along the mining direction of the stope. Bent steel bars are reserved at the lower ends of the prefabricated vertical reinforcements. The vertical reinforcements are fixed to the steel meshes on the bottom plate. Each row of vertical reinforcements is connected to the main reinforcements of the side walls to ensure the stability of the embedded vertical reinforcements during the filling process.

[0053] Specifically, on the bottom plate, along the mining direction of the mine, at the overlap of adjacent steel meshes, prefabricated Φ12mm threaded steel vertical bars are set with a length of 1.5m and a row spacing of 1.0×1.6m; the upper end of the vertical bars are welded with threaded steel prefabricated cross forks, and the cross fork length is 15cm×15m; 15cm bent steel bars are reserved at the lower end of the vertical bars, and the vertical bars are fixed to the bottom plate mesh with iron wire; each row of vertical bars is connected to the main bars of the side wall by steel wire winding to ensure the stability of the embedded vertical bars during the filling process.

[0054] After completing the reinforcement and filling related work of the hexagonal access road, the hexagonal mining area tunnel is filled. The lower part of the hexagonal tunnel is filled with a cemented filling body with a ash-sand ratio of 1:5, and the upper part is filled with a cemented filling body with a ash-sand ratio of 1:8. The upper filling is not connected to the top.

[0055] The embodiments of the present application have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The selection of terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, practical applications, or improvements to the technology in the market, or to enable other persons of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for filling and laying reinforcement in a downward hexagonal channel, characterized in that: include: After the mining of the approach is completed, the site is leveled, a 200mm to 300mm crushed ore layer is reserved on the floor, and the water on the floor is drained; Arrange the suspended main reinforcement on the side wall of the hexagonal stope, reserve a certain length of bent steel bars at the upper end of the suspended main reinforcement to connect with the upper layered filling body of the hexagonal stope, and tighten the bent part after connection; Prefabricated welded steel mesh is laid on the side wall of the hexagonal stope, the steel mesh is connected to the preset inverted wedge anchor rods of the hexagonal stope side wall, and the steel mesh and the suspended main reinforcement are tightly connected by tying wire; Laying a prefabricated welded steel mesh on the hexagonal stope floor, extending the steel mesh to the side wall, and bending the steel mesh at the bottom corner of the side wall to fit the side wall; Prefabricated vertical bars are arranged at the overlaps of adjacent steel mesh sheets on the bottom plate along the mining direction of the stope. Bending steel bars are reserved at the lower ends of the prefabricated vertical bars. The vertical bars are fixed on the steel mesh sheets on the bottom plate. Each row of vertical bars is connected to the main bars of the side walls to ensure the stability of the embedded vertical bars during the filling process.

2. The method for filling and laying reinforcement in a downward hexagonal passage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of arranging suspended main reinforcement on the side wall of the hexagonal stope includes: Suspended main reinforcement is arranged on the side wall of the hexagonal stope and is made of Φ12mm threaded steel. 15cm is reserved at the top of the suspended main reinforcement for bending. The bent part of the main reinforcement is suspended and connected to the upper layered filling body. After connection, the bent part is tightened with double-strand wire.

3. The method for filling and laying reinforcement in a downward hexagonal passage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of laying prefabricated welded steel mesh on the side wall of the hexagonal stope comprises: Lay the steel mesh with Φ6mm steel pre-welded on the main reinforcement of the side wall suspension. The mesh size is 1.4m×2.0m and the mesh size is 200mm×200mm; Adjacent steel meshes are crimped with 2 or more holes, and the suspended main reinforcement and steel mesh are tightly connected with wire.

4. The method for filling and laying reinforcement in a downward hexagonal passage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inverted wedge anchor is horizontally arranged on the surrounding rock of the hexagonal stope.

5. The method for filling and laying reinforcement in a downward hexagonal passage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of laying prefabricated welded steel mesh on the hexagonal stope floor comprises: Lay a steel mesh with Φ6mm steel bars pre-welded on the bottom plate, with a mesh size of 1.4m×2.0m and a mesh size of 200mm×200mm; Adjacent steel meshes are crimped with two or more meshes, and the bottom plate steel meshes on both sides are bent at the bottom corners of the side walls so that the steel meshes extend to 0.6m on the side walls of the hexagonal mining area to fit the side walls.

6. The method for filling and laying reinforcement in a downward hexagonal passage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The provision of prefabricated vertical reinforcement comprises: On the bottom plate, along the mining direction of the stope, at the overlap of adjacent steel mesh sheets, prefabricated Φ12mm threaded steel vertical bars are set with a length of 1.5m and a spacing of 1.0×1.6m; The upper end of the vertical reinforcement is welded with threaded steel to form a prefabricated cross fork, with a length of 15cm×15m; Reserve 15cm of bent steel bars at the bottom of the vertical bars, and fix the vertical bars to the bottom plate mesh with wire; Each row of vertical reinforcement is connected to the main reinforcement of the side wall by means of steel wire winding to ensure the stability of the embedded vertical reinforcement during the filling process.

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