Waterproof acceptance device for constructional engineering supervision

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building waterproof acceptance, and discloses a waterproof acceptance device for constructional engineering supervision, which comprises water tanks and a horizontal cover body mounted downwards between the water tanks, and the water tanks and the horizontal cover body are arranged on the ground; the rubber collision block is movably mounted in the horizontal cover body and is used for checking and accepting the knocking of the located ground; the floating plate is movably installed at the bottom of the horizontal cover body, a hollow slender rod is further vertically installed on the floating plate, a buoy is arranged on the middle section, located in the water tank, of the hollow slender rod, acceptance water is arranged in the water tank and on the ground, and the hollow slender rod ascends and descends due to the buoyancy difference to drive a detection disc pointer on the water tank to deflect. The waterproof acceptance device for constructional engineering supervision is laid at the position, to be subjected to waterproof acceptance, of a building in a water storage test, the waterproof acceptance process can be accelerated by means of external force, the water storage test forming conclusion influenced by covering of foreign objects is reduced, and meanwhile the accuracy and observation efficiency of waterproof acceptance detection are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of waterproof acceptance, in particular to a waterproof acceptance device for construction engineering supervision. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of a construction project, after the construction of the main building is completed, in order to meet the requirements of the final acceptance, the supervision unit of the building facilities will conduct a final acceptance of the main building, such as inspecting the floor thickness of the main building, the size and layout of the main building, and the waterproof protection of the building. Through multi-faceted evaluation, it is ensured that the completed building facilities can meet the construction specifications and use requirements.

[0003] When conducting waterproof acceptance inspection on the main facilities of the construction project, the acceptance unit will generally inspect the balconies, kitchens and bathrooms, and the top floor of the building, which are places with more daily water use and prone to residual water accumulation, so as to ensure that the completed building facilities are in normal use without any hidden safety hazards such as poor sealing of the residual floor and hidden cracks due to non-standard construction operations; the existing waterproof acceptance inspection generally conducts water storage tests at locations where water is easily accumulated and water is used more in the building. Since there is a height difference between the floor slabs at such locations in the building and the floor slabs at other locations, the water storage operation is convenient; but at the same time, in order to ensure the accuracy of the waterproof acceptance, the time span of the water storage test is generally 24-48 hours, which causes the waterproof acceptance of the entire building to take too long, especially when there are many areas to be waterproofed in large buildings, it takes too long to complete the waterproof acceptance of the building, which affects the efficiency of the building waterproof acceptance. At the same time, through a simple water storage test, it is easy to cause omissions in the waterproof acceptance of areas with high concealment of sealing problems and cracks.

[0004] In view of the above problems, it is urgently necessary to carry out innovative design based on the original waterproof acceptance device. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a waterproof acceptance device for construction project supervision, so as to solve the problem that the waterproof acceptance of the existing waterproof acceptance device proposed in the above background technology takes too long, affects the efficiency of waterproof acceptance, and is prone to poor accuracy of waterproof acceptance.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A waterproof acceptance device for construction engineering supervision, comprising: a water tank, and a horizontal cover body installed downward between the water tanks, both of which are arranged on the ground;

[0007] It also includes: a rubber bumper, which is movably installed in the horizontal cover body, and the rubber bumper is used for knocking the ground for acceptance;

[0008] The floating plate is movably installed at the bottom of the horizontal cover body. A thin hollow rod is also vertically installed on the floating plate. A float is provided in the middle section of the thin hollow rod located in the water tank. Acceptance water is provided in the water tank and on the ground. The thin hollow rod rises and falls due to the buoyancy difference, driving the pointer of the detection disk on the water tank to deflect.

[0009] Preferably, a plate is fixed between the water tank and the bottom of the horizontal cover body, and the bottom bracket of the water tank, the bottom of the horizontal cover body and the plate are located below the acceptance water level of the ground, while the lower end surface of the horizontal cover body is located above the bottom surface of the plate.

[0010] Preferably, the floating plate and the bottom bracket of the water tank form a sliding lifting structure, wherein the floating plate also floats on the acceptance water surface on the ground, and the water tank changes the buoyancy of the float by adjusting the internal water injection amount.

[0011] Preferably, the inner hollow thin rod and the water tank form a vertically distributed relatively telescopic structure, wherein a sealing sleeve is provided between the inner wall of the bottom of the water tank and the bottom of the float, and the sealing sleeve prevents water leakage between the inner hollow thin rod and the water tank.

[0012] Preferably, an electromagnet is also fixed to the bottom surface of the water tank, and the electromagnet limits the inner hollow thin rod through magnetic attraction, and the electromagnet is located above the water level on the ground.

[0013] Preferably, the upper end of the inner hollow thin rod penetrates into the detection disk, and a gear and a toothed rod are respectively installed on the central axis of the pointer of the detection disk and the upper end of the inner hollow thin rod, and the gear and the toothed rod are meshed with each other.

[0014] Preferably, the rubber bumper is driven to rise and fall by a driving component on the horizontal cover body, and a base and a cavity are coaxially fixed in the middle of the rubber outer shell of the rubber bumper, and the base and the cavity are sealed and telescopically arranged;

[0015] A sealing telescopic part is fixed at the inner edge of the rubber jacket of the rubber collision block, wherein the sealing telescopic part is connected to the inside of the cavity. At the same time, elastic parts are arranged inside the sealing telescopic part and at the telescopic parts of the base and the cavity. A rubber ball is sleeved on the lower end of the output shaft of the sealing telescopic part, and a distance is left between the rubber ball and the bottom surface of the inner part of the rubber jacket of the rubber collision block.

[0016] Preferably, a solenoid valve is also provided on the sealing telescopic member, and the air pressure inside the sealing telescopic member is monitored by an air pressure sensor on the sealing telescopic member to control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve.

[0017] Preferably, the bottom of the horizontal cover body is located below the water level of the acceptance water on the ground, and an air duct is also provided on the top of the horizontal cover body. The air duct conducts air through the gas pressurization assembly on the horizontal cover body to discharge the acceptance water inside the horizontal cover body.

[0018] Preferably, a sealing bag is provided between the bottom edge of the horizontal cover body and the inspection ground, wherein a drain pipe is fixed through the outside of the horizontal cover body, the lower end surface of the drain pipe is located above the bottom surface of the horizontal cover body, and a valve is provided on the drain pipe.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the waterproof acceptance device for construction engineering supervision is laid at the waterproof acceptance location of the building to be tested for water storage, and can use external force to speed up the process of waterproof acceptance, reduce the water storage test conclusion affected by external objects, and improve the accuracy and observation efficiency of waterproof acceptance detection. The specific contents are as follows:

[0020] 1. Through the water storage function of the water tank, the weight of the integral component of the water tank and the horizontal cover body is first increased. In the building facilities set in the water storage test, the installation instability caused by the buoyancy of the water body will not occur. At the same time, the setting of the horizontal cover body can be knocked back and forth through the rubber bumper inside it. During the water storage test, the knocking vibration force can be used to give additional external force to the building facilities and the water storage, thereby accelerating the progress of the water storage test;

[0021] Furthermore, by reciprocatingly knocking the building facilities with the rubber bumper, the water building facilities and the water body can be shaken, accelerating the penetration of water from the cracks and poorly sealed areas on the building facilities. At the same time, the shock external force can be used to cover and destroy the shallow mortar covering the cracks and poorly sealed areas on the building facilities, thereby reducing the accuracy and efficiency of waterproof acceptance caused by external force factors.

[0022] Furthermore, by setting an inverted horizontal cover body, an air duct and a corresponding gas pressurizing component, when the horizontal cover body is inverted and set underwater, the water for waterproof acceptance can be discharged by introducing gas and utilizing air pressure, so that when the rubber bumper hits the building facilities, the unloading force of the rubber bumper caused by the water for waterproof acceptance can be greatly reduced.

[0023] 2. By setting up an inner hollow thin rod and using water inside the water tank and constructing ground surface water storage at the waterproof acceptance site, the inner hollow thin rod can maintain its positioning state through the action of the floating plate and the float, as well as the buoyancy of the water body. When the ground surface water storage leaks, the positioning balance of the inner hollow thin rod obtained by the floating plate and the float is destroyed, and the inner hollow thin rod rises and falls due to the difference in buoyancy between the upper and lower parts. The detection plate is used to demonstrate the rise and fall of the inner hollow thin rod, thereby improving the demonstration effect under water leakage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a bottom view structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the rubber collision block of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the water tank installation structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the water tank of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the detection plate and the hollow thin rod of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing sleeve installation structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnet installation structure of the present invention;

[0032] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rubber collision block of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the cavity and the sealing telescopic member of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the sealing bag and the drain pipe of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.13 This is a bottom-up structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1. water tank; 101. observation window; 2. horizontal cover; 201. plate; 3. rubber bumper; 301. base; 302. cavity; 303. sealing telescopic part; 304. solenoid valve; 4. air guide tube; 5. floating plate; 6. hollow thin rod; 7. float; 701. sealing sleeve; 702. electromagnet; 8. detection plate; 9. vibration assembly; 10. sealing bag; 11. drain pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 11The present invention provides a technical solution: a waterproof acceptance device for construction engineering supervision, comprising: a water tank 1, and a horizontal cover body 2 installed downward between the water tank 1, both of which are arranged on the ground; a plate 201 is also fixed between the bottom of the water tank 1 and the horizontal cover body 2, and the bottom bracket of the water tank 1, the bottom of the horizontal cover body 2 and the plate 201 are located below the acceptance water level of the ground as a whole, and the lower end surface of the horizontal cover body 2 is located above the bottom surface of the plate 201; through the arrangement of the water tank 1, the horizontal cover body 2 and the plate 201, the waterproof acceptance device can be stably placed at the building water storage test position, and in order to prevent the waterproof acceptance device from becoming unstable due to the buoyancy of the water body, water can be stored inside the water tank 1 to increase its weight.

[0040] It also includes: a rubber bumper 3, which is movably installed in the horizontal cover body 2, and the rubber bumper 3 is used for knocking on the ground for acceptance; the rubber bumper 3 is driven to rise and fall by a driving component on the horizontal cover body 2; in the present technical scheme, the reciprocating rise and fall of the rubber bumper 3 is driven by a driving component, and the driving component can be a reciprocating driving motor screw or a crankshaft connecting rod, which is sensitive to use, and the knocking and collision at the building inspection position is achieved through the rubber bumper 3, and the vibration is transmitted by the floor slab, so that the water used for the waterproof test can more stably and efficiently penetrate the cracks and unstable places on the building facilities, thereby speeding up the progress of the water storage test, and there is no need to wait for a long time to observe whether the water storage test is leaking, because the penetration efficiency of the water body is accelerated, thereby reducing the evaporation of water body caused by waiting for the water storage test, and more efficiently checking whether the waterproof acceptance is qualified.

[0041] In the above technical scheme, a base 301 and a cavity 302 are coaxially fixed at the middle of the rubber material jacket of the rubber collision block 3, and the base 301 and the cavity 302 are sealed and telescopically arranged; a sealing telescopic member 303 is also fixed at the inner edge of the rubber material jacket of the rubber collision block 3, wherein the sealing telescopic member 303 is connected with the inside of the cavity 302, and elastic members are arranged inside the sealing telescopic member 303 and at the telescopic parts of the base 301 and the cavity 302, and a rubber ball is sleeved at the lower end of the output shaft of the sealing telescopic member 303, and a gap is left between the rubber ball and the bottom surface of the rubber material jacket of the rubber collision block 3; an electromagnetic valve 304 is also arranged on the sealing telescopic member 303, and the air pressure inside the sealing telescopic member 303 is monitored by the air pressure sensor on the sealing telescopic member 303 to control the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve 304; when the rubber collision block 3 hits the building facilities, the rubber jacket on its outside has a buffering effect, that is, it can protect the rubber collision block 3 and also reduce The noise of low knocking on building facilities, when the rubber collision block 3 hits the building facilities, the base 301 and the cavity 302 are relatively expanded and contracted, and the compressed gas causes the sealed and telescopic parts 303 connected through the connection to extend synchronously, and further knock on the building facilities through the rubber outer shell, and when the base 301 and the cavity 302 are relatively expanded and contracted to compress the gas to the maximum extent, that is, the preset pressure threshold, the electromagnetic valve 304 is controlled to open by the sensor and the supporting integrated circuit to realize the pressure relief inside the sealed and telescopic parts 303. At this time, the sealed and telescopic parts 303 are relieved from the extension caused by the air pressure restriction. Under the action of the elastic parts thereon, the sealed and telescopic parts 303 are expanded and contracted at high frequency in a short time due to the elastic force, so as to achieve the effect of the sealed and telescopic parts 303 quickly knocking on the building facilities, and the building facilities are used to realize the transmission of vibration kinetic energy. At the same time, the sealed and telescopic parts 303 are used to realize additional vibration, which can reduce the noise caused by the vibration of the building floor during the waterproof acceptance process, so that the noise during the acceptance is reduced.

[0042] At the same time, in the present technical solution, it is also disclosed that the bottom of the horizontal cover body 2 is located below the water level of the acceptance water on the ground, wherein an air guide pipe 4 is also arranged on the top of the horizontal cover body 2, and the air guide pipe 4 is operated by the gas pressurization component on the horizontal cover body 2 to discharge the acceptance water inside the horizontal cover body 2; through the setting of the horizontal cover body 2, when the horizontal cover body 2 is set above the water level, the acceptance water inside the horizontal cover body 2 can be discharged by the gas pressurization component. The gas pressurization component includes two parts, air pressure pressurization and air guide. The air cavity is formed inside the horizontal cover body 2 by air pressure filling. Under the influence of water body is reduced, when the rubber bumper 3 hits the building facilities, the kinetic energy release of the rubber bumper 3 caused by the existence of water body during lifting and collision can be reduced, so that the impact vibration can act more effectively on the building facilities.

[0043] Furthermore, in the present technical solution, a sealing bag 10 is also provided between the bottom edge of the horizontal cover body 2 and the acceptance ground, wherein a drain pipe 11 is also fixed through the outer side of the horizontal cover body 2, and the lower end surface of the drain pipe 11 is located above the bottom surface of the horizontal cover body 2, and a valve is provided on the drain pipe 11; the elastic sealing bag 10 and the drain pipe 11 can more effectively discharge the residual water inside the horizontal cover body 2, and reduce the backflow of water into the horizontal cover body 2, thereby increasing the knocking force of the rubber bumper 3 inside the horizontal cover body 2 on the building facilities.

[0044] Also adopted Figure 3-Figure 8 The technical solution shown in the figure, the floating plate 5 is movably installed at the bottom of the horizontal cover body 2, and the floating plate 5 is also vertically installed with an inner hollow thin rod 6, and the inner hollow thin rod 6 is located in the middle section of the water tank 1 and is provided with a float 7, wherein the water tank 1 and the ground are both provided with acceptance water, and the inner hollow thin rod 6 is lifted and lowered due to the buoyancy difference to drive the pointer of the detection disk 8 on the water tank 1 to deflect; the floating plate 5 and the bottom bracket of the water tank 1 form a sliding lifting structure, wherein the floating plate 5 also floats on the acceptance water surface on the ground, wherein the water tank 1 changes the buoyancy of the float 7 by adjusting the internal water injection amount;

[0045] When the above-mentioned waterproof acceptance device is installed and used to carry out water storage tests and knocking and vibrating of building facilities, water can penetrate more quickly into cracks and poorly sealed locations of building facilities, and knocking and vibration can also loosen the shallow mortar outside the cracks and poorly sealed locations, thereby accelerating the water penetration efficiency and the waterproof acceptance process, thereby reducing water volatilization caused by waiting too long. After the water penetrates, its water level drops, while the water level inside the water tank 1 remains relatively unchanged, so that the buoyancy of the inner hollow thin rod 6 due to the water storage in the building facilities and the floating plate 5, and the buoyancy balance brought by the water inside the water tank 1 and the float 7 is destroyed. At this time, the inner hollow thin rod 6 occurs The lifting and lowering under the action of buoyancy can quantitatively adjust the maximum water storage capacity inside the water tank 1 through the different water storage capacities in the building facilities, and can also adjust the overall weight of the water tank 1 and the buoyancy of the water inside it. The operation is convenient, and a water level observation window 101 is provided on the regulating water tank 1, and the lifting and lowering and positioning state of the inner hollow thin rod 6 are adjusted through buoyancy changes; the upper end of the inner hollow thin rod 6 passes through the detection disk 8, and the pointer center axis of the detection disk 8 and the upper end of the inner hollow thin rod 6 are respectively installed with gears and toothed rods, and the gears and toothed rods are meshed with each other. Under the meshing action, when the inner hollow thin rod 6 is lifted and lowered, the pointer on the detection disk 8 rotates, which can more efficiently display the changes in water level penetration and judge whether the waterproof acceptance is qualified.

[0046] At the same time, in the above technical scheme, the inner hollow thin rod 6 and the water tank 1 form a vertically distributed relative telescopic structure, wherein a sealing sleeve 701 is arranged between the inner wall of the bottom of the water tank 1 and the bottom of the float 7, and the sealing sleeve 701 prevents water leakage between the inner hollow thin rod 6 and the water tank 1; an electromagnet 702 is also fixed to the bottom surface of the water tank 1, and the electromagnet 702 limits the inner hollow thin rod 6 by magnetic attraction, and the electromagnet 702 is located above the water level on the ground; wherein the sealing sleeve 701 prevents water leakage between the inner hollow thin rod 6 and the water tank 1, and when the rubber collision block 3 hits the building facilities, the inner hollow thin rod 6 can be limited by the electromagnet 702 to prevent the inner hollow thin rod 6 from being deformed and damaged due to the telescopic collision caused by the vibration caused by the rubber collision block 3. After the knocking is completed, the limit of the inner hollow thin rod 6 by the electromagnet 702 is released, and the obvious and efficient waterproof acceptance results directly brought by the inner hollow thin rod 6 and the detection plate 8 are observed by the buoyancy difference.

[0047] Embodiment 2: This embodiment refers to Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown, on the basis of the first embodiment, in order to improve the fluidity of the water body while the building facilities are being struck and vibrated, the vibration component 9 is directly placed in the water body, and the synchronous vibration and flow of the water body are utilized to accelerate the water body to pass through the cracks and poorly sealed locations of the building facilities, thereby accelerating the process of waterproof acceptance.

[0048] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waterproof acceptance device for construction engineering supervision, comprising: A water tank (1), and a horizontal cover (2) installed downward between the water tanks (1), both of which are arranged on the ground; It is characterized by further comprising: A rubber bumper (3) is movably mounted in the horizontal cover (2), and the rubber bumper (3) is used to knock on the ground for acceptance; A floating plate (5) is movably mounted on the bottom of the horizontal cover body (2). A hollow thin rod (6) is vertically mounted on the floating plate (5). A float (7) is arranged at the middle section of the hollow thin rod (6) located in the water tank (1). Acceptance water is arranged in the water tank (1) and on the ground. The hollow thin rod (6) is lifted and lowered due to the buoyancy difference, thereby driving the pointer of the detection disk (8) on the water tank (1) to deflect.

2. A waterproof acceptance device for construction engineering supervision according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plate (201) is also fixed between the bottom of the water tank (1) and the horizontal cover (2); the bottom bracket of the water tank (1), the bottom of the horizontal cover (2) and the plate (201) are located as a whole below the acceptance water level of the ground, while the lower end surface of the horizontal cover (2) is located above the bottom surface of the plate (201).

3. A waterproof acceptance device for construction engineering supervision according to claim 2, characterized in that: The floating plate (5) and the bottom bracket of the water tank (1) form a sliding lifting structure, wherein the floating plate (5) also floats on the acceptance water surface on the ground, and the water tank (1) changes the buoyancy of the float (7) by adjusting the internal water injection amount.

4. A waterproof acceptance device for construction engineering supervision according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner hollow thin rod (6) and the water tank (1) form a vertically distributed relatively telescopic structure, wherein a sealing sleeve (701) is provided between the inner wall of the bottom of the water tank (1) and the bottom of the float (7), and the sealing sleeve (701) prevents water leakage between the inner hollow thin rod (6) and the water tank (1).

5. A waterproof acceptance device for construction engineering supervision according to claim 4, characterized in that: An electromagnet (702) is also fixed to the bottom surface of the water tank (1), and the electromagnet (702) limits the position of the hollow thin rod (6) through magnetic attraction, while the electromagnet (702) is located above the water level on the ground.

6. A waterproof acceptance device for construction engineering supervision according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The upper end of the inner hollow thin rod (6) penetrates into the detection disk (8), and a gear and a toothed rod are respectively installed on the central axis of the pointer of the detection disk (8) and the upper end of the inner hollow thin rod (6), and the gear and the toothed rod are meshed with each other.

7. A waterproof acceptance device for construction engineering supervision according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The rubber bumper (3) is driven to rise and fall by a driving component on the horizontal cover (2), and a base (301) and a cavity (302) are coaxially fixed in the middle of the rubber outer shell of the rubber bumper (3), and the base (301) and the cavity (302) are sealed and telescopically arranged; A sealing telescopic member (303) is fixed to the inner edge of the rubber outer shell of the rubber collision block (3), wherein the sealing telescopic member (303) is connected to the interior of the cavity (302), and elastic members are arranged inside the sealing telescopic member (303) and at the telescopic part of the base (301) and the cavity (302), and a rubber ball is sleeved at the lower end of the output shaft of the sealing telescopic member (303), and a distance is left between the rubber ball and the inner bottom surface of the rubber outer shell of the rubber collision block (3).

8. A waterproof acceptance device for construction engineering supervision according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sealing telescopic member (303) is also provided with a solenoid valve (304), and the air pressure inside the sealing telescopic member (303) is monitored by an air pressure sensor on the sealing telescopic member (303), thereby controlling the opening and closing of the solenoid valve (304).

9. A waterproof acceptance device for construction engineering supervision according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the horizontal cover body (2) is located below the water level of the acceptance water on the ground, wherein the top of the horizontal cover body (2) is also provided with an air guide pipe (4), and the air guide pipe (4) is operated by the gas pressurizing component on the horizontal cover body (2) to discharge the acceptance water inside the horizontal cover body (2).

10. A waterproof acceptance device for construction engineering supervision according to claim 9, characterized in that: A sealing bag (10) is also arranged between the bottom edge of the horizontal cover body (2) and the inspection ground, wherein a drainage pipe (11) is also fixed through the outer side of the horizontal cover body (2), the lower end surface of the drainage pipe (11) is located above the bottom surface of the horizontal cover body (2), and a valve is provided on the drainage pipe (11).

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