A research apparatus and method for the extrusion flow of aluminum alloy profiles

Abstract

This invention provides a research apparatus and method for the extrusion flow of aluminum alloy profiles. The apparatus includes a lifting assembly, an extrusion assembly, and a die assembly, which are respectively disposed on the movable end and fixed end of the lifting assembly. The extrusion assembly includes an extrusion rod, and the die assembly includes an extrusion cylinder, a heating assembly, and a detachable die. The extrusion rod, extrusion cylinder, and detachable die are aligned from top to bottom. The heating assembly is disposed around the extrusion cylinder. The detachable die can be disassembled into multiple die blocks according to the cross-sectional characteristics of the aluminum alloy profile. This invention can obtain the metal flow characteristics of aluminum alloy profiles under different die structures and different deformation stages, thereby guiding the design of aluminum alloy profile dies, shortening the development cycle of new aluminum alloy profile products, and reducing the development cost of new aluminum alloy profile products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal processing technology, and in particular to a research apparatus and method for the extrusion flow of aluminum alloy profiles. Background Technology

[0002] Aluminum alloy profiles are among the most widely used lightweight structural components. Due to their numerous advantages, including light weight, high strength, ease of forming, aesthetic appearance, and corrosion resistance, they are widely used in transportation, aerospace, electrical appliances, and construction. Traditional aluminum profile development processes are costly, inefficient, time-consuming, and labor-intensive, requiring repeated mold modifications based on experience until a qualified product can be produced.

[0003] With the increasing power of computer simulation technology, the extrusion process of profiles can be simulated using finite element software. The simulation can show the flow of metal as it passes through different mold structures. However, there are differences between the simulation results and the actual metal flow, and the evolution of the microstructure during the extrusion process is even more difficult to obtain its regularity through simulation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this invention provides a research apparatus and method for aluminum alloy profile extrusion flow, which can reduce the development cycle and development cost of new aluminum alloy profile products.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a research device for the extrusion flow of aluminum alloy profiles, comprising a lifting assembly, an extrusion assembly, and a die assembly, wherein the extrusion assembly and the die assembly are respectively disposed on the movable end and the fixed end of the lifting assembly;

[0007] The extrusion assembly includes an extrusion rod, and the mold assembly includes an extrusion cylinder, a heating assembly, and a detachable mold. The extrusion rod, the extrusion cylinder, and the detachable mold are aligned from top to bottom. The heating assembly is located around the extrusion cylinder. The detachable mold can be disassembled into multiple mold blocks according to the cross-sectional characteristics of the aluminum alloy profile.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By coordinating the lifting assembly, extrusion assembly, and die assembly, the extrusion process can be stopped at any time, resulting in aluminum alloy profiles at different deformation stages. Samples are then taken and analyzed to obtain extrusion flow data for the aluminum alloy profiles at different deformation stages. Simultaneously, by replacing the detachable die, extrusion flow data under different die structures can be obtained. This allows for the understanding of the metal flow patterns of aluminum alloy profiles under different die structures and deformation stages, thereby guiding the design of aluminum alloy profile dies, shortening the development cycle of new aluminum alloy profile products, and reducing the development cost of new aluminum alloy profile products.

[0009] Optionally, when the aluminum alloy profile is solid, the detachable mold can be disassembled into multiple mold blocks along the longitudinal section of the working belt center.

[0010] Optionally, when the aluminum alloy profile is hollow, the detachable mold includes a detachably connected upper diversion film and a lower forming film. The upper diversion film is provided with a mold core, and the lower forming film is provided with a welding chamber and a lower working belt from top to bottom. The mold core extends into the welding chamber, and the lower forming film can be detached into multiple mold blocks along the longitudinal section at the center of the welding chamber.

[0011] As described above, different detachable molds are designed according to the different structures of aluminum alloy profiles to ensure that the multiple mold blocks after disassembly can obtain aluminum alloy profiles at different deformation stages during the extrusion process.

[0012] Optionally, the cross-section of the feed end of the detachable mold is larger than the cross-section of the discharge end.

[0013] As described above, the detachable mold gradually narrows from the infeed to the outlet end face to improve the extrusion effect.

[0014] Optionally, the mold assembly further includes a lower base disposed on the fixed end. The lower base has a three-layer stacked design. The extrusion cylinder is assembled to the upper layer of the lower base, the detachable mold is assembled to the middle layer of the lower base, and the lower layer of the lower base is provided with a hollow through hole.

[0015] The cross-section of the discharge end of the extrusion cylinder is smaller than the cross-section of the feed end of the detachable mold, and the cross-section of the discharge end of the detachable mold is smaller than the cross-section of the hollow through hole.

[0016] Optionally, the multiple mold blocks of the detachable mold are arranged in a frustum shape after assembly, and the feed end of the detachable mold is higher than the top surface of the middle layer of the lower base.

[0017] As described above, the mold height is designed to be slightly higher than the base height, and the multiple mold blocks are assembled into a frustum shape. This ensures that when the mold is subjected to downward extrusion pressure during the extrusion process, the mold blocks are squeezed tighter and tighter, preventing the metal rod from overflowing from the gaps between the molds.

[0018] Optionally, the heating assembly includes a wound heating coil, a ceramic patch, a temperature controller, and a contact thermocouple, wherein the temperature controller is electrically connected to the wound heating coil and the contact thermocouple;

[0019] The wound heating coil is wound around the periphery of the extrusion cylinder, the ceramic patch surrounds the periphery of the wound heating coil, and the contact thermocouple is in contact with the inside of the extrusion cylinder.

[0020] Optionally, the extrusion assembly and the mold assembly are respectively mounted on the movable end and fixed end of the lifting assembly by different clamps.

[0021] Optionally, the detachable mold has a hollow blade located below the working belt.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for studying the extrusion flow of aluminum alloy profiles, using the apparatus for studying the extrusion flow of aluminum alloy profiles as described in the first aspect, the method comprising the following steps:

[0023] The aluminum alloy bar is placed into the extrusion cylinder, and the heating assembly is activated for controlled heating.

[0024] The lifting assembly drives the extrusion rod downward, causing the aluminum alloy bar inside the extrusion cylinder to flow towards the detachable mold under the extrusion rod's pressure.

[0025] The extrusion process can be stopped at any time, and after the detachable mold, extrusion cylinder and aluminum alloy profile have cooled to room temperature, the detachable mold is removed and disassembled into multiple mold blocks to obtain aluminum alloy profiles at different deformation stages during the extrusion process.

[0026] By sampling and analyzing different locations of aluminum alloy profiles at different deformation stages, extrusion flow data of aluminum alloy profiles at different deformation stages are obtained. By replacing the detachable mold, extrusion flow data under different mold structures are obtained. The extrusion flow data of aluminum alloy profiles under different mold structures and different deformation stages are used to guide the design of aluminum alloy profile molds.

[0027] The technical effects of the research method for extrusion flow of aluminum alloy profiles provided in the second aspect are described in the relevant description of the research device for extrusion flow of aluminum alloy profiles provided in the first aspect. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a research device for the extrusion flow of aluminum alloy profiles according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detachable mold, which is an L-shaped mold, according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the detachable mold, which is an L-shaped mold, according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the Y-shaped detachable mold involved in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the detachable mold, which is a Y-shaped mold, according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the detachable mold, which is a U-shaped mold, involved in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the detachable mold, which is a U-shaped mold, involved in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the detachable mold, which is a flow-dividing combination mold, according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 9 This is a partial disassembly diagram of the detachable mold, which is a flow-dividing combination mold, involved in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the detachable mold, which is a flow-dividing combination mold, according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 11 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a research method for the extrusion flow of aluminum alloy profiles according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0040] 1. Lifting assembly; 11. Movable end; 12. Fixed end;

[0041] 2. Extrusion assembly; 21. Upper base; 22. Extrusion rod;

[0042] 3. Mold assembly; 31. Extrusion cylinder; 32. Heating assembly; 33. Demountable mold; 331. Mold block; 34. Lower base;

[0043] 4. Fixtures;

[0044] 101. L-shaped mold die hole; 102. L-shaped mold guide cavity; 103. L-shaped mold working zone; 104. L-shaped mold working zone empty cutter; 105. L-shaped mold discharge empty cutter;

[0045] 201. Y-type mold die hole; 202. Y-type mold guide cavity; 203. Y-type mold working zone; 204. Y-type mold working zone empty cutter; 205. Y-type mold discharge empty cutter;

[0046] 301. U-shaped mold hole; 302. U-shaped mold guide cavity; 303. U-shaped mold working zone; 304. U-shaped mold working zone empty cutter; 305. U-shaped mold discharge empty cutter;

[0047] 401. Upper diversion membrane; 402. Lower forming membrane; 403. Diversion hole; 404. Diversion empty knife; 405. Mold core; 406. Welding chamber; 407. Lower working belt; 408. Lower empty knife; 409. Diversion mold discharge empty knife. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be understood more clearly and thoroughly, and that the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] This embodiment is applicable to applications requiring the design of molds for aluminum alloy profiles. Existing technologies simulate the extrusion process using finite element software during mold design, which suffers from long development cycles and high development costs. This embodiment, through the cooperation of the lifting assembly 1, the extrusion assembly 2, and the detachable mold 33, can obtain the metal flow patterns of aluminum alloy profiles under different mold structures and at different deformation stages. This guides the design of aluminum alloy profile molds, shortens the development cycle of new aluminum alloy profile products, and reduces the development costs. See the description below for details.

[0051] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 A research apparatus for the extrusion flow of aluminum alloy profiles includes a lifting assembly 1, an extrusion assembly 2, and a die assembly 3. The extrusion assembly 2 and the die assembly 3 are respectively disposed on the movable end 11 and the fixed end 12 of the lifting assembly 1. (Refer to...) Figure 1 As can be seen, the lifting assembly 1 in this embodiment does not require a dedicated extrusion press for extrusion; a 200-ton vertical hydraulic press is sufficient. The output end of the vertical hydraulic press drives the movable end 11 to move up and down, thereby achieving the extrusion engagement between the extrusion assembly 2 and the mold assembly 3.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 It is understood that the extrusion assembly 2 includes an upper base 21 and an extrusion rod 22, and the mold assembly 3 includes an extrusion cylinder 31, a heating assembly 32, a detachable mold 33, and a lower base 34. The heating assembly 32 is disposed around the extrusion cylinder 31. Specifically, the heating assembly 32 includes a wound heating coil, a ceramic patch, a temperature controller, and a contact thermocouple. The temperature controller is electrically connected to the wound heating coil and the contact thermocouple. The wound heating coil is wound around the periphery of the extrusion cylinder 31 to heat the extrusion cylinder 31; the ceramic patch surrounds the periphery of the wound heating coil to insulate the extrusion cylinder 31 and the wound heating coil and prevent temperature drop; the contact thermocouple is in contact with the inside of the extrusion cylinder 31 to transmit the temperature signal to the temperature controller to control the temperature.

[0053] The extrusion assembly 2 and the die assembly 3 are respectively mounted on the movable end 11 and fixed end 12 of the lifting assembly 1 via different clamps 4, thereby enabling the extrusion assembly 2 and the die assembly 3 to be disassembled and replaced on the lifting assembly 1. Specifically, the upper base 21 is mounted on the movable end 11, and the extrusion rod 22 is mounted on the upper base 21, so that the lifting assembly 1 drives the extrusion rod 22 to move up and down through the movable end 11 and the upper base 21. The lower base 34 has a three-layer stacked design, with the extrusion cylinder 31 mounted on the upper layer of the lower base 34, the detachable die 33 mounted on the middle layer of the lower base 34, and the lower layer of the lower base 34 having a hollow through hole. At the same time, the extrusion rod 22, the extrusion cylinder 31, the detachable die 33, and the hollow through hole are aligned from top to bottom so that the aluminum alloy bar material flows into the detachable die 33 after being heated and extruded.

[0054] In this embodiment, the detachable mold 33 can be disassembled into multiple mold blocks 331 according to the cross-sectional characteristics of the aluminum alloy profile. The multiple mold blocks 331 form a frustum shape after assembly. Specifically, when the aluminum alloy profile is solid, the detachable mold 33 can be disassembled into multiple mold blocks 331 along the longitudinal section of the working belt center.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, the cross-sectional area of ​​the feed end of the detachable mold 33 is larger than that of the discharge end, the cross-sectional area of ​​the discharge end of the extrusion cylinder 31 is smaller than that of the feed end of the detachable mold 33, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the discharge end of the detachable mold 33 is smaller than that of the hollow through hole. These cross-sectional size limitations ensure that the aluminum alloy bar material in the extrusion cylinder 31 can flow smoothly into the detachable mold 33, while simultaneously ensuring that the hollow through hole of the lower base 34 can effectively allow the aluminum alloy profile to pass through.

[0056] The feed end of the detachable mold 33 is higher than the middle top surface of the lower base 34, so that when the mold is subjected to extrusion force from top to bottom during the extrusion process, each mold block 331 is squeezed tighter and tighter, and the metal bar will not overflow from the gap between each mold block 331.

[0057] The detachable mold 33 has a hollow tool installed below the working belt. Specifically, the hollow tool and... Figure 3 The multiple stepped air cutters serve several purposes: First, to facilitate the processing of aluminum alloy profiles; second, to prevent the mold from collapsing due to the excessive pressure exerted on the aluminum alloy profiles during extrusion; and third, to prevent the aluminum alloy profiles from bending as they emerge from the workpiece due to uneven flow rates. The stepped air cutters prevent the bent aluminum alloy profiles from contacting the detachable mold 33, thus avoiding blockages within the detachable mold 33 and ensuring the smooth flow of the molten aluminum alloy.

[0058] Therefore, referring to Figure 2 As can be seen, the detachable mold 33 in this embodiment is an L-shaped mold. Its longitudinal section along the center of the L-shaped mold working zone 103 can be divided into two mold blocks 331. After assembly, the two mold blocks 331 form an L-shaped mold hole 101 with an L-shaped cross-section. (Refer to...) Figure 3 It can be seen that the L-shaped mold hole 101, from top to bottom, consists of an L-shaped mold guide cavity 102 for guiding the flow of aluminum alloy liquid, an L-shaped mold working strip 103 for forming aluminum alloy profiles, an L-shaped mold working strip empty knife 104 for supporting the L-shaped mold working strip 103, and an L-shaped mold discharge empty knife 105.

[0059] The L-shaped mold guide cavity 102 and the aluminum alloy profile are similar in appearance, and the L-shaped mold guide cavity 102 has a 2mm chamfer on the side near the extrusion cylinder 31, and its own depth is 8mm.

[0060] The cross-sectional profile of the L-shaped mold working zone 103 is the same as that of the aluminum alloy profile.

[0061] Among them, the empty cutter 104 of the working zone of the L-shaped mold is about 1mm.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 A research apparatus for the extrusion flow of aluminum alloy profiles, which differs from Example 1 in that, as Figure 4As shown, the detachable mold 33 in this embodiment is a Y-shaped mold. Its longitudinal section along the center of the Y-shaped mold working zone 203 can be divided into three mold blocks 331 with fan-shaped cross-sections. After assembly, the three mold blocks 331 form a Y-shaped mold hole 201 with a Y-shaped cross-section. (Refer to...) Figure 5 It can be seen that the Y-shaped mold hole 201, from top to bottom, consists of the Y-shaped mold guide cavity 202 for guiding the flow of aluminum alloy liquid, the Y-shaped mold working strip 203 for forming aluminum alloy profile, the Y-shaped mold working strip empty knife 204 for supporting the Y-shaped mold working strip 203, and the Y-shaped mold discharge empty knife 205.

[0064] Among them, the Y-shaped mold guide cavity 202 and the aluminum alloy profile are similar in appearance, and the Y-shaped mold guide cavity 202 has a 2mm chamfer on the side near the extrusion cylinder 31, and its own depth is 10mm.

[0065] The cross-sectional profile of the Y-shaped mold working zone 203 is the same as that of the aluminum alloy profile.

[0066] Among them, the blanking tool of the Y-shaped mold working zone is about 1.2mm thick.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 A research apparatus for the extrusion flow of aluminum alloy profiles, which differs from Example 1 in that, as Figure 6 As shown, the detachable mold 33 in this embodiment is a U-shaped mold. Its longitudinal section along the center of the U-shaped mold working zone 303 can be divided into two mold blocks 331. After assembly, the two mold blocks 331 form a U-shaped mold hole 301 with a U-shaped cross-section. (Refer to...) Figure 7 It can be seen that the U-shaped mold hole 301, from top to bottom, consists of a U-shaped mold guide cavity 302 for guiding the flow of aluminum alloy liquid, a U-shaped mold working strip 303 for forming aluminum alloy profiles, a U-shaped mold working strip empty knife 304 for supporting the U-shaped mold working strip 303, and a U-shaped mold discharge empty knife 305.

[0069] The U-shaped mold guide cavity 302 and the aluminum alloy profile are similar in appearance, and the U-shaped mold guide cavity 302 has a 2mm chamfer on the side near the extrusion cylinder 31, and its own depth is 10mm.

[0070] The cross-sectional profile of the U-shaped mold working strip 303 is the same as that of the aluminum alloy profile.

[0071] Among them, the 304 stainless steel used for the working zone of the U-shaped mold is about 1mm thick.

[0072] Example 4

[0073] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figures 8 to 10 A research apparatus for the extrusion flow of aluminum alloy profiles, which differs from Example 1 in that, as Figure 8 As shown, the detachable mold 33 in this embodiment is a flow-dividing combination mold. Specifically, the aluminum alloy profile adapted in this embodiment is a hollow profile. In this case, the detachable mold 33 includes a detachably connected upper flow-dividing membrane 401 and a lower forming membrane 402. Not shown in the figure, the upper flow-dividing membrane 401 and the lower forming membrane 402 are provided with multiple corresponding connecting holes. These connecting holes are fastened and locked by screws and pins to achieve a tight fit between the upper flow-dividing membrane 401 and the lower forming membrane 402. At this time, the lower forming membrane 402 can be detached into two mold blocks 331 along the longitudinal section at the center of the welding chamber 406.

[0074] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 It can be seen that the upper flow divider 401 includes, from top to bottom, flow divider holes 403, a mold core 405, and a flow divider cutter 404. Among them, four flow divider holes 403 are evenly distributed and form a fan shape, as shown in the reference... Figure 8 It can be seen that the two long sides of the aluminum alloy profile have large vertically symmetrical areas corresponding to the diversion holes 403, while the two short sides have small horizontally symmetrical areas corresponding to the diversion holes 403. Simultaneously, the diversion bridge between the four diversion holes 403 extends from the inlet side of the upper diversion membrane 401 to the outlet side, and the cross-section of the diversion bridge is arc-shaped. The inlet side of the diversion bridge has a 12° bevel angle to reduce the extrusion pressure acting on it. The outlet side of the diversion bridge has a 20° bevel angle. In this embodiment, the cross-section of the diversion bridge is teardrop-shaped to further reduce the extrusion pressure acting on it.

[0075] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 It can be seen that the lower forming film 402 is provided with a welding chamber 406, a lower working belt 407, a lower empty knife 408, and a flow divider discharge empty knife 409 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. Among them, the cross-section of the welding chamber 406 is dish-shaped. At this time, the mold core 405 of the upper flow divider 401 extends into the welding chamber 406, forming a hollow forming cavity. Therefore, by disassembling from the longitudinal section at the center of the welding chamber 406, the flow law of the aluminum alloy profile in the flow divider combination mold during forming can be obtained.

[0076] Example 5

[0077] Please refer to Figure 11 A method for studying the extrusion flow of aluminum alloy profiles, based on an apparatus for studying the extrusion flow of aluminum alloy profiles according to any one of Examples 1 to 4 above, includes the following steps:

[0078] S1. Place the aluminum alloy bar into the extrusion cylinder 31 and start the heating component 32 for controlled heating.

[0079] S2. The lifting assembly 1 drives the extrusion rod 22 downward, so that the aluminum alloy bar in the extrusion cylinder 31 flows towards the detachable mold 33 under the extrusion of the extrusion rod 22.

[0080] In step S2 above, different extrusion parameters can be selected according to different profiles, so that the lifting assembly 1 controls the extrusion rod 22 according to different extrusion parameters.

[0081] S3. Stop the extrusion process at any time, and after the detachable mold 33, extrusion cylinder 31 and aluminum alloy profile have cooled to room temperature, remove the detachable mold 33 and disassemble it into multiple mold blocks 331 to obtain aluminum alloy profiles at different deformation stages during the extrusion process.

[0082] In step S3 above, the user can control the working time of the extrusion rod 22, heating component 32, etc., to stop the extrusion process at any time according to the deformation stage they want to study.

[0083] S4. Samples are taken from different locations of the aluminum alloy profile at different deformation stages for analysis to obtain extrusion flow data of the aluminum alloy profile at different deformation stages. By replacing the detachable mold 33, extrusion flow data under different mold structures are obtained. The extrusion flow data of the aluminum alloy profile at different mold structures and different deformation stages are used to guide the mold design of the aluminum alloy profile.

[0084] In summary, the above embodiments can reveal the metal flow patterns of aluminum alloy profiles under different mold structures and deformation stages, thereby guiding the design of aluminum alloy profile molds, shortening the development cycle of new aluminum alloy profile products, and reducing the development cost of new aluminum alloy profile products.

[0085] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0086] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0087] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that they are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," or "on top" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," or "beneath" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0088] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0089] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications, alterations, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A research apparatus for the extrusion flow of aluminum alloy profiles, characterized in that, It includes a lifting assembly, an extrusion assembly, and a mold assembly, wherein the extrusion assembly and the mold assembly are respectively disposed on the movable end and the fixed end of the lifting assembly; The extrusion assembly includes an extrusion rod, and the mold assembly includes an extrusion cylinder, a heating assembly, and a detachable mold. The extrusion rod, the extrusion cylinder, and the detachable mold are aligned from top to bottom. The heating assembly is located around the extrusion cylinder. The detachable mold can be disassembled into multiple mold blocks according to the cross-sectional characteristics of the aluminum alloy profile. When the aluminum alloy profile is solid, the detachable mold can be disassembled into multiple mold blocks along the longitudinal section of the working belt center; When the aluminum alloy profile is hollow, the detachable mold includes a detachably connected upper diversion film and a lower forming film. A mold core is provided on the upper diversion film, and a welding chamber and a lower working strip are arranged sequentially from top to bottom on the lower forming film. The mold core extends into the welding chamber, and the lower forming film can be detached into multiple mold blocks along the longitudinal section at the center of the welding chamber. The mold assembly also includes a lower base disposed on the fixed end. The lower base has a three-layer stacked design. The extrusion cylinder is assembled to the upper layer of the lower base, the detachable mold is assembled to the middle layer of the lower base, and the lower layer of the lower base is provided with a hollow through hole. The cross-section of the discharge end of the extrusion cylinder is smaller than the cross-section of the feed end of the detachable mold, and the cross-section of the discharge end of the detachable mold is smaller than the cross-section of the hollow through hole.

2. The research apparatus for the extrusion flow of aluminum alloy profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the feed end of the detachable mold is larger than the cross-section of the discharge end.

3. The research apparatus for the extrusion flow of aluminum alloy profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple mold blocks of the detachable mold are assembled into a frustum shape, and the feed end of the detachable mold is higher than the top surface of the middle layer of the lower base.

4. The research apparatus for the extrusion flow of aluminum alloy profiles according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The heating assembly includes a wound heating coil, a ceramic patch, a temperature controller, and a contact thermocouple. The temperature controller is electrically connected to the wound heating coil and the contact thermocouple. The wound heating coil is wound around the periphery of the extrusion cylinder, the ceramic patch surrounds the periphery of the wound heating coil, and the contact thermocouple is in contact with the inside of the extrusion cylinder.

5. A research apparatus for the extrusion flow of aluminum alloy profiles according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The extrusion assembly and the mold assembly are respectively mounted on the movable end and the fixed end of the lifting assembly by different clamps.

6. The apparatus for studying the extrusion flow of aluminum alloy profiles according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The detachable mold has a hollow blade installed below the working belt.

7. A method for studying the extrusion flow of aluminum alloy profiles, using the apparatus for studying the extrusion flow of aluminum alloy profiles as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprising the steps of: The aluminum alloy bar is placed into the extrusion cylinder, and the heating assembly is activated for controlled heating. The lifting assembly drives the extrusion rod downward, causing the aluminum alloy bar inside the extrusion cylinder to flow towards the detachable mold under the extrusion rod's pressure. The extrusion process can be stopped at any time, and after the detachable mold, extrusion cylinder and aluminum alloy profile have cooled to room temperature, the detachable mold is removed and disassembled into multiple mold blocks to obtain aluminum alloy profiles at different deformation stages during the extrusion process. By sampling and analyzing different locations of aluminum alloy profiles at different deformation stages, extrusion flow data of aluminum alloy profiles at different deformation stages are obtained. By replacing the detachable mold, extrusion flow data under different mold structures are obtained. The extrusion flow data of aluminum alloy profiles under different mold structures and different deformation stages are used to guide the design of aluminum alloy profile molds.

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