Test method for bending and shearing combined loading of beam web

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical property testing, and discloses a test method for bending and shearing combined loading of a beam web, which comprises the following steps: S1, calculating the width of an upper edge reinforcing plate and a lower edge reinforcing plate at any position in the length direction of a test beam, obtaining a plurality of widths according to calculation, and designing and manufacturing the upper edge reinforcing plate and the lower edge reinforcing plate; s2, fixedly connecting an upper edge reinforcing plate and a lower edge reinforcing plate to an upper edge plate and a lower edge plate of the test beam respectively; s3, the first ends, located on the same side, of the test beam, the upper edge reinforcing plate and the lower edge reinforcing plate are fixedly connected to the fixed end; s4, calculating a second load force which needs to be applied to the test beam by the loading assembly; and S5, applying a loading force to the second end of the test beam through the loading assembly. The upper edge reinforcing plate and the lower edge reinforcing plate ensure that the beam web of the test beam is uniformly loaded, the actual stress of the beam web is accurately simulated, the beam web can be accurately tested and verified, and the stability of the test beam in actual use is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical performance testing, and in particular to a testing method for beam web bending-shear composite loading. Background Art

[0002] In aircraft manufacturing, some key components need to be tested to ensure the overall quality. Among them, the beam web structure of the horizontal stabilizer of the aircraft, as one of the key components of the aircraft, needs to be subjected to a composite loading test. In the prior art, when designing a composite loading test scheme for the bending and shearing of beam web structures, the entire test beam (including the beam web, the upper edge plate and the lower edge plate connected to the upper and lower ends of the beam web) is generally tested, resulting in uneven loading (shear force and bending moment) in the beam web area, and the loading in the beam web area cannot be accurately simulated, so that the beam web cannot be accurately tested and verified. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a test method for composite bending and shear loading of a beam web, which can accurately simulate the loading of the beam web so as to accurately test and verify the performance of the beam web.

[0004] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The test method for composite bending and shear loading of beam webs is used to verify the performance of the beam webs of the test beams. The length of the test beam is set to X, and the upper edge reinforcement plate and the lower edge reinforcement plate are fixedly connected to the upper edge plate and the lower edge plate of the test beam respectively. The test method for composite bending and shear loading of beam webs comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1, calculate the width b of the upper edge reinforcement plate and the lower edge reinforcement plate at any position along the length direction of the test beam X , according to the calculated number of b X and designing and manufacturing the upper edge reinforcement plate and the lower edge reinforcement plate;

[0007] S2, fixing and connecting the manufactured upper edge reinforcement plate and the lower edge reinforcement plate to the upper edge plate and the lower edge plate respectively;

[0008] S3, fixing and connecting the first ends of the test beam, the upper edge reinforcement plate and the lower edge reinforcement plate on the same side to a fixed end;

[0009] S4, calculating the load force that the loading assembly needs to apply at the second end of the test beam according to the actual load on the web of the beam;

[0010] S5, applying a load force to the second end of the test beam through the loading assembly to verify whether the beam web can meet the use requirements.

[0011] As an optional solution, in step S1,

[0012] b X =EI spar *F Z0 X / 2Eth2 / M Y-spar +b0;

[0013] Among them, EI spar is the bending stiffness of the test beam, F Z0 is the load force that the first end of the test beam is required to withstand, E is the elastic modulus, t is the thickness of the upper edge reinforcement plate or the lower edge reinforcement plate, h is the height of the test beam, M Y-spar is the bending moment borne by the web of the beam at any position along its length direction, and b0 is the width of the upper edge reinforcement plate and the lower edge reinforcement plate when x=0.

[0014] As an optional solution, in step S4,

[0015] The load force applied by the loading assembly to the second end of the test beam includes F1 and F2 applied in opposite directions in a direction perpendicular to the upper edge plate and the lower edge plate, and the distance between the force application point at F1 and the second end of the test beam is L1, and the distance between the force application point at F2 and the second end of the test beam is L2, F1=(M Y0 -F Z0 L2) / (L2-L1), F2=(M Y0 -F Z0 L1) / (L2-L1);

[0016] Among them, M Y0 The first end of the test beam is required to withstand a bending moment.

[0017] As an optional solution, in step S1, b X The derivation process is as follows:

[0018] The shear force F borne by the test beam at any position along its length Z and bending moment M Y They are respectively,

[0019] F Z =F Z0 ,

[0020] M Y＝ M Y0 +F Z0 X, where F Z0 and M Y0 are the loads required at the first end of the test beam, respectively;

[0021] Since the shear force is mainly transmitted by the beam web, the shear force F borne by the beam web at any position along its length is Z-spar =F Z0 ;

[0022] The bending moment M at any position of the beam web along its length Y-spar for,

[0023] M Y-spar =(M Y *EI spar ) / (EI spar +2Eb X th2)=(M Y0 +F Z0 X)*EI spar / (EI spar +2Eb X th2),

[0024] Therefore, it can be concluded that M Y0 =M Y-spar +2Eb X th 2*M Y-spar / EI spar -F Z0 X, set 2Eb X th 2*M Y-spar / EI spar -F Z0 X=C, C is a constant, and further, b X =EI spar *(C+F Z0 X) / 2Eth2 / M Y-spar ;

[0025] When X=0, b0=EI spar *C / 2Eth2 / M Y-spar , we get C = 2Eth2*b0*M Y-spar / EI spar ;

[0026] Finally, b X =EI spar *F Z0 X / 2Eth2 / M Y-spar +b0.

[0027] As an optional solution, in step S4, the derivation process of F1 and F2 is as follows:

[0028] F Z0 =F2-F1,

[0029] M Y0=F2*L2-F1*L1;

[0030] It is concluded that F1=(M Y0 -F Z0 L2) / (L2-L1), F2=(M Y0 -F Z0 L1) / (L2-L1).

[0031] As an optional scheme, in step S4, the loading assembly includes a loading plate, a connecting belt plate, an upper loading ear plate and a lower loading ear plate, the connecting belt plate is connected between the loading plate and the second end of the beam web, the second end of the upper edge reinforcement plate and the second end of the lower edge reinforcement plate are respectively connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the loading plate, the upper loading ear plate is connected to the loading plate and is located on the upper side of the loading plate, the lower loading ear plate is connected to the loading plate and is located on the lower side of the loading plate, and the distance between the force application point of the upper loading ear plate and the end face of the second end of the test beam is L2, and the distance between the force application point of the lower loading ear plate and the end face of the second end of the test beam is L1.

[0032] As an optional solution, the loading assembly further comprises an anti-twist bar, wherein the anti-twist bar is configured to abut against the loading plate to prevent the loading plate from twisting.

[0033] As an optional solution, two groups of anti-twist bars are provided, and the two groups of anti-twist bars are respectively abutted against two side surfaces of the loading plate in a direction perpendicular to the beam web.

[0034] As an optional solution, in step S3, the fixed end includes a fixed plate, an upper connecting angle plate, a lower connecting angle plate and a side connecting angle plate, and step S3 is specifically as follows:

[0035] The beam web is connected to the fixed plate through the side connecting angle plate, the upper edge reinforcing plate is connected to the fixed plate through the upper connecting angle plate, and the lower edge reinforcing plate is connected to the fixed plate through the lower connecting angle plate.

[0036] As an optional solution, before step S3, the fixing plate is first fixed to the load-bearing wall.

[0037] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0038] The test method for composite bending and shear loading of beam web provided by the present invention calculates the structural dimensions b of the upper edge reinforcement plate and the lower edge reinforcement plate according to the actual load of the beam web of the test beam. X The upper edge reinforcement plate and the lower edge reinforcement plate are respectively provided on the upper edge plate and the lower edge plate of the test beam to ensure that when the loading component applies the load force, the web of the test beam is subjected to the bending moment M Y-sparand shear force F Z-spar The test method for composite bending and shear loading of beam webs in the present invention ensures uniform loading of the beam webs of the test beams through the upper edge reinforcement plate and the lower edge reinforcement plate, accurately simulates the actual stress of the beam webs, can accurately test and verify the beam webs, and ensure the stability of the test beams in actual use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a test method for beam web bending-shear combined loading provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a test beam involved in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the test beam and the upper edge reinforcement plate and the lower edge reinforcement plate involved in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 The structure of the loading test device according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0043] Figure 5 The structure of the loading test device according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0044] In the figure:

[0045] 100, test beam; 101, upper edge plate; 102, lower edge plate; 103, beam web;

[0046] 1. Upper edge reinforcement plate; 2. Lower edge reinforcement plate;

[0047] 3. Fixed end; 31. Fixed plate; 32. Upper connecting angle plate; 33. Lower connecting angle plate; 34. Side connecting angle plate;

[0048] 4. Loading assembly; 41. Loading plate; 42. Connecting belt plate; 43. Upper loading ear plate; 44. Lower loading ear plate; 45. Anti-twist bar. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar parts or parts having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first feature being in direct contact with the second feature, or may include the first feature being in contact with the second feature through another feature between them instead of being in direct contact. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0052] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0053] The embodiment of the present invention provides a test method for beam web bending shear composite loading, which is used to verify the performance of the beam web 103 of the test beam 100. The length of the test beam 100 is set to X. When the test beam 100 is actually used, the beam web 103 is subjected to a bending moment M Y-spar and shear force F Z-spar In order to ensure that the designed beam web 103 can withstand the above bending moment M Y-spar and shear force F Z-spar Before assembling the test beam 100 to actual application, the performance of the beam web 103 needs to be verified. The test method for the composite bending-shear loading of the beam web can be applied to the loading test device, such as Figure 2-Figure 5 As shown, the loading test device includes a fixed end 3, an upper edge reinforcement plate 1, a lower edge reinforcement plate 2 and a loading assembly 4. The first end of the test beam 100 is fixedly connected to the fixed end 3, the upper edge reinforcement plate 1 is fixedly connected to the upper edge plate 101 of the test beam 100, and the lower edge reinforcement plate 2 is fixedly connected to the lower edge plate 102 of the test beam 100. The loading assembly 4 is used to apply the required load force to the second end of the test beam 100. Before use, the loading test device needs to be designed with the following parameters according to the structural dimensions of the test beam 100 and the actual load borne by the test beam 100: 1) The width b of the upper edge reinforcement plate 1 and the lower edge reinforcement plate 2 X ; 2) The load force applied by the loading component 4.

[0054] In order to obtain the above parameters, Figure 1 As shown, the test method for beam web bending-shear combined loading includes the following steps:

[0055] S1, according to the actual bending moment M of the beam web 103 Y-spar and shear force F Z-spar Calculate the width b of the upper edge reinforcement plate 1 and the lower edge reinforcement plate 2 at any position along the length direction (X-axis direction) of the test beam 100 X (the size along the Y axis), and several b are obtained based on the calculation X Design and manufacture to obtain an upper edge reinforcement plate 1 and a lower edge reinforcement plate 2 of required width;

[0056] S2, the upper edge reinforcement plate 1 and the lower edge reinforcement plate 2 are fixedly connected to the upper edge plate 101 and the lower edge plate 102 of the test beam 100 respectively. When the loading assembly 4 applies a load force to the second end of the test beam 100, the upper edge reinforcement plate 1 and the lower edge reinforcement plate 2 can ensure that the web 103 of the test beam 100 is subjected to a bending moment M Y-spar and shear force F Z-spar The force is consistent with the actual force, and the force is uniform and accurate;

[0057] S3, the first ends of the test beam 100, the upper edge reinforcement plate 1 and the lower edge reinforcement plate 2 on the same side are fixedly connected to the fixed end 3, so as to facilitate the loading component 4 to apply a load force to the second end of the test beam 100;

[0058] S4, according to the actual load of the web 103 of the test beam 100, calculate the load force that the loading assembly 4 needs to apply to the second end of the test beam 100, and according to the bending moment M that the web 103 of the test beam 100 is subjected to in actual use Y-spar and shear force F Z-spar Calculate the load force applied by the loading assembly 4 to ensure that when the loading assembly 4 applies the load force, the web 103 of the test beam 100 is subjected to a bending moment M Y-spar and shear force F Z-spar All are consistent with the actual load;

[0059] S5, applying a load force to the second end of the test beam 100 through the loading assembly 4 to verify whether the beam web 103 of the test beam 100 can meet the use requirements.

[0060] The test method for combined bending and shear loading of the beam web in the present invention ensures uniform loading of the beam web 103 of the test beam 100 through the upper edge reinforcement plate 1 and the lower edge reinforcement plate 2, accurately simulates the actual force of the beam web 103, can accurately test and verify the beam web 103, and ensure the stability of the test beam 100 in actual use.

[0061] In step S1, b X =EI spar *F Z0 X / 2Eth2 / M Y-spar +b0; where, EI spar is the bending stiffness (known value) of the test beam 100 at any position along its length (i.e., any cross-sectional position along the X-axis), F Z0 is the load force that the first end of the test beam 100 is required to withstand (a known value), E is the elastic modulus, t is the thickness of the upper edge reinforcement plate 1 or the lower edge reinforcement plate 2 along the Z axis (generally designed to be 5 mm), h is the height of the test beam 100 along the Z axis (which can be measured), M Y-spar is the bending moment (known value) borne by the web 103 at any position in its length direction (i.e. any cross section on the X axis), and b0 is the width of the cross section of the upper edge reinforcing plate 1 and the lower edge reinforcing plate 2 when x=0 (b0 can be designed to be 1.5 times the width of the upper edge plate 101 or the lower edge plate 102). The width of the upper edge reinforcing plate 1 and the lower edge reinforcing plate 2 can be calculated by this formula, and the structural design parameters of the upper edge reinforcing plate 1 and the lower edge reinforcing plate 2 can be obtained.

[0062] In this embodiment, the upper edge reinforcement plate 1 is fixedly connected to the upper edge plate 101 by a plurality of screws, and the lower edge reinforcement plate 2 is fixedly connected to the lower edge plate 102 by a plurality of screws.

[0063] In step S4, refer to Figure 4 Combined with Figure 5 The loading assembly 4 includes a loading plate 41, a connecting strip plate 42, an upper loading ear plate 43 and a lower loading ear plate 44, the connecting strip plate 42, the connecting strip plate 42 is connected between the loading plate 41 and the second end of the beam web 103. In this embodiment, two connecting strip plates 42 can be provided, and the two connecting strip plates 42 are simultaneously connected to the loading plate 41 and the beam web 103 on both sides along the Y-axis direction (i.e., perpendicular to the direction of the beam web 103). The second end of the upper edge reinforcement plate 1 is connected to the loading plate 41 along the Z-axis direction. The upper surface of the lower edge reinforcing plate 2 is connected to the lower surface of the loading plate 41 along the Z-axis direction. The upper loading ear plate 43 is arranged on the upper side of the loading plate 41, and the distance between the connection point (i.e., the force application point) of the upper loading ear plate 43 and the loading plate 41 and the end surface of the second end of the test beam 100 is L2. The lower loading ear plate 44 is arranged on the lower side of the loading plate 41, and the distance between the connection point (i.e., the force application point) of the lower loading ear plate 44 and the loading plate 41 and the end surface of the second end of the test beam 100 is L1. Therefore, the upper loading ear plate 43 and the lower loading ear plate 44 apply load forces F2 and F1 respectively to form the load force applied by the loading assembly 4 to the second end of the test beam 100, F2 is upward along the Z-axis direction, F1 is downward along the Z-axis direction, and F1=(M Y0 -FZ0 L2) / (L2-L1), F2=(M Y0 -F Z0 L1) / (L2-L1); where M Y0 is the bending moment (known value) that the first end of the test beam 100 is required to withstand. The load forces F2 and F1 that need to be applied can be calculated by the above formula to meet the actual force requirements of the beam web 103.

[0064] The connection between the connecting strip 42 and the second end of the loading plate 41 and the beam web 103, the connection between the second end of the upper edge reinforcement plate 1 and the loading plate 41, and the connection between the second end of the lower edge reinforcement plate 2 and the loading plate 41 all use multiple screws.

[0065] To further explain the formula, b X The derivation process is as follows:

[0066] First of all, it should be noted that Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the bending moment M at any position on the beam web 103 in its length direction Y-spar and shear force F Z-spar are all known values, and the bending moment M of the cross section at each position Y-spar are the same, the shear force F of the cross section at each position Z-spar are the same, therefore, it is necessary to design the upper edge reinforcement plate 1 and the lower edge reinforcement plate 2 to ensure that the bending moment M of the cross section at each position on the beam web 103 Y-spar and shear force F Z-spar Same as actual load.

[0067] The shear force F borne by the entire test beam 100 at any position along its length is Z and bending moment M Y They are:

[0068] F Z =F Z0 ;

[0069] M Y =M Y0 +F Z0 X, where F Z0 and M Y0 are respectively the shear force and bending moment required at the first end of the test beam 100, both of which are known values;

[0070] The shear force is mainly transmitted by the beam web 103. The shear force transmitted by the upper edge reinforcement plate 1 and the lower edge reinforcement plate 2 is relatively small, and it is considered that it does not affect the shear force distribution of the cross section of the beam web 103. Therefore, the shear force F borne by any cross section of the beam web 103 on the X axis is Z-spar =F Z0 ;

[0071] The moment load on the web 103 at any position along its length (i.e. any cross section on the X-axis) is: Y-spar =(M Y *EI spar ) / {EIspar+2(Eb X t3 / 12+Eb X th2)}, due to the bending stiffness Eb X t3 / 12 compared to Eb X th2 is a small amount, so Eb can be ignored X t3 / 12, and then we can conclude that M Y-spar =(M Y *EI spar ) / (EI spar +2Eb X th2), M Y =M Y0 +F Z0 Substituting X into the above formula, we get: Y-spar =(M Y0 +F Z0 X)*EI spar / (EI spar +2Eb X th2), and then further derive M Y0 =M Y-spar +(2Eb X th2*M Y-spar / EI spar )-F Z0 X, to ensure the bending moment M of the cross section at each position of the beam web 103 Y-spar If it does not change, you need to ensure 2Eb X th2*M Y-spar / EI spar -F Z0 X is a constant, set 2Eb X th2*M Y-spar / EI spar -F Z0 X is equal to the constant C, and further, b X =EI spar *(C+F Z0 X) / 2Eth2 / M Y-spar ; When X=0, b0=EI spar *C / 2Eth2 / M Y-spar , we get C = 2Eth2*b0*M Y-spar / EI spar Finally, b X =EI spar *FZ0 X / 2Eth2 / M Y-spar +b0.

[0072] The derivation process of F1 and F2 is as follows:

[0073] F Z0 =F2-F1;

[0074] M Y0 =F2*L2-F1*L1; and then we can conclude that F1=(M Y0 -F Z0 L2) / (L2-L1), F2=(M Y0 -F Z0 L1) / (L2-L1).

[0075] In this embodiment, the upper loading ear plate 43 and the lower loading ear plate 44 are respectively connected to the actuator, and the actuator can load the loading plate 41 through the upper loading ear plate 43 and the lower loading ear plate 44 .

[0076] Furthermore, the loading assembly 4 further includes an anti-twist rod 45 , which can abut against the loading plate 41 to prevent the loading plate 41 from twisting.

[0077] Two groups of anti-torsion bars 45 are arranged, and the two groups of anti-torsion bars 45 are respectively abutted against the two sides of the reinforcing plate along the Y-axis direction. The number of anti-torsion bars 45 contained in each group of anti-torsion bars 45 is four. Four anti-torsion bars 45 are respectively used to abut against the two sides of the loading plate 41 along the Y-axis direction, and the anti-torsion effect is stronger.

[0078] In step S3, the fixed end 3 includes a fixed plate 31, an upper connecting angle plate 32, a lower connecting angle plate 33 and a side connecting angle plate 34. Step S3 is specifically as follows: the beam web 103 is connected to the fixed plate 31 through the side connecting angle plate 34. Two side connecting angle plates 34 can be provided, one side connecting angle plate 34 is connected between the fixed plate 31 and one side surface of the beam web 103, and the other side connecting angle plate 34 is connected between the fixed plate 31 and the other side surface of the beam web 103. The upper edge reinforcement plate 1 is connected to the fixed plate 31 through the upper connecting angle plate 32, and the lower edge reinforcement plate 2 is connected to the fixed plate 31 through the lower connecting angle plate 33. The above connections can also be fixedly connected by multiple screws.

[0079] In order to further prevent the transition sections at both ends of the test beam 100 from being damaged, the web 103 of the test beam 100 is provided with first reinforcing plates on both side surfaces of the first end, and second reinforcing plates are provided on both side surfaces of the second end, one first reinforcing plate is sandwiched between one side surface of the first end of the web 103 and a side connecting angle plate 34, another first reinforcing plate is sandwiched between the other side surface of the first end of the web 103 and the other side connecting angle plate 34, one second reinforcing plate is sandwiched between one side surface of the second end of the web 103 and a connecting strip plate 42, and another second reinforcing plate is sandwiched between the other side surface of the second end of the web 103 and the other connecting strip plate 42.

[0080] Before performing step S3 , the fixing plate 31 is first fixed to the load-bearing wall to facilitate the loading assembly 4 to apply a load force to the test beam 100 .

[0081] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test method for combined bending and shear loading of beam webs, characterized in that: The method is used to verify the performance of a beam web (103) of a test beam (100), wherein the length of the test beam (100) is set to X, and an upper edge reinforcement plate (1) and a lower edge reinforcement plate (2) are respectively fixedly connected to an upper edge plate (101) and a lower edge plate (102) of the test beam (100). The test method for composite bending and shear loading of a beam web comprises the following steps: S1, calculating the width b of the upper edge reinforcement plate (1) and the lower edge reinforcement plate (2) at any position along the length direction of the test beam (100) X , according to the calculated number of b X The upper edge reinforcement plate (1) and the lower edge reinforcement plate (2) are designed and manufactured; S2, fixing the manufactured upper edge reinforcement plate (1) and the lower edge reinforcement plate (2) to the upper edge plate (101) and the lower edge plate (102) respectively; S3, fixing the first ends of the test beam (100), the upper edge reinforcement plate (1) and the lower edge reinforcement plate (2) located on the same side to a fixed end (3); S4, calculating the load force that the loading assembly (4) needs to apply to the second end of the test beam (100) according to the actual load on the beam web (103); S5, applying a load force to the second end of the test beam (100) through the loading assembly (4) to verify whether the beam web (103) can meet the use requirements.

2. The test method for beam web bending-shear combined loading according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, b X =EI spar *F Z0 X / 2Eth2 / M Y-spar +b0; Among them, EI spar is the bending stiffness of the test beam (100), F Z0 is the load force that the first end of the test beam (100) is required to withstand, E is the elastic modulus, t is the thickness of the upper edge reinforcement plate (1) or the lower edge reinforcement plate (2), h is the height of the test beam (100), and M Y-spar is the bending moment borne by the beam web (103) at any position along its length direction, and b0 is the width of the upper edge reinforcement plate (1) and the lower edge reinforcement plate (2) when x=0.

3. The test method for beam web bending-shear combined loading according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4, The load force applied by the loading assembly (4) to the second end of the test beam (100) includes F1 and F2 applied in opposite directions in a direction perpendicular to the upper edge plate (101) and the lower edge plate (102), and the distance between the force application point at F1 and the second end of the test beam (100) is L1, the distance between the force application point at F2 and the second end of the test beam (100) is L2, and F1=(M Y0 -F Z0 L2) / (L2-L1), F2=(M Y0 -F Z0 L1) / (L2-L1); Among them, M Y0 The first end of the test beam (100) is required to withstand a bending moment.

4. The test method for beam web bending-shear combined loading according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step S1, b X The derivation process is as follows: The shear force F borne by the test beam (100) at any position along its length direction Z and bending moment M Y They are respectively, F Z =F Z0 , M Y＝ M Y0 +F Z0 X, where F Z0 and M Y0 are the loads required at the first end of the test beam (100); Since the shear force is mainly transmitted by the beam web (103), the shear force F borne by any position of the beam web (103) along its length direction is Z-spar =F Z0 ; The bending moment M borne by any position of the beam web (103) along its length direction is Y-spar for, <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">M<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> Y-spar <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> (M)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> Y <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> *EI<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> spar <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> ) / (EI<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> spar <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> +2Eb<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> X <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> th2)=(M<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> Y0 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> +F<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> Z0 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> X)*EI<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> spar <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> / (EI<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> spar <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> +2Eb<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> X <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> th2), Therefore, it can be concluded that M Y0 =M Y-spar +2Eb X th 2*M Y-spar / EI spar -F Z0 X, set 2Eb X th 2*M Y-spar / EI spar -F Z0 X=C, C is a constant, and further, b X =EI spar *(C+F Z0 X) / 2Eth2 / M Y-spar ; When X=0, b0=EI spar *C / 2Eth2 / M Y-spar , we get C = 2Eth2*b0*M Y-spar / EI spar ; Finally, it is concluded that b X =EI spar *F Z0 X / 2Eth2 / M Y-spar +b0.

5. The test method for beam web bending-shear combined loading according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S4, the derivation process of F1 and F2 is as follows: F Z0 =F2-F1, <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">M<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> Y0 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> (F2*L2-F1*L1) It is concluded that F1=(M Y0 -F Z0 L2) / (L2-L1), F2=(M Y0 -F Z0 L1) / (L2-L1).

6. The test method for beam web bending-shear combined loading according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S4, the loading assembly (4) comprises a loading plate (41), a connecting strip plate (42), an upper loading ear plate (43) and a lower loading ear plate (44); the connecting strip plate (42) is connected between the loading plate (41) and the second end of the beam web (103); the second end of the upper edge reinforcement plate (1) and the second end of the lower edge reinforcement plate (2) are respectively connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the loading plate (41); the upper loading ear plate (43) is connected to the loading plate (41) and is located on the upper side of the loading plate (41); the lower loading ear plate (44) is connected to the loading plate (41) and is located on the lower side of the loading plate (41); and the distance between the force application point of the upper loading ear plate (43) and the end surface of the second end of the test beam (100) is L2, and the distance between the force application point of the lower loading ear plate (44) and the end surface of the second end of the test beam (100) is L1.

7. The test method for beam web bending-shear combined loading according to claim 6, characterized in that: The loading assembly (4) further comprises an anti-twist bar (45), wherein the anti-twist bar (45) is configured to abut against the loading plate (41) to prevent the loading plate (41) from twisting.

8. The test method for beam web bending-shear combined loading according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two groups of anti-twist bars (45) are provided, and the two groups of anti-twist bars (45) are respectively abutted against two side surfaces of the loading plate (41) in a direction perpendicular to the beam web (103).

9. The test method for beam web bending-shear combined loading according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the fixed end (3) comprises a fixed plate (31), an upper connecting angle plate (32), a lower connecting angle plate (33) and a side connecting angle plate (34), and step S3 specifically comprises: The beam web (103) is connected to the fixed plate (31) via the side connecting angle plate (34), the upper edge reinforcing plate (1) is connected to the fixed plate (31) via the upper connecting angle plate (32), and the lower edge reinforcing plate (2) is connected to the fixed plate (31) via the lower connecting angle plate (33).

10. The test method for beam web bending-shear combined loading according to claim 9, characterized in that: Before step S3, the fixing plate (31) is first fixed to the load-bearing wall.

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