Method and device for determining static correction value change and interpreting horizon occurrence change

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and device for determining static correction value change and interpreting horizon occurrence change, and belongs to the field of geophysical exploration. According to the method, the target interpretation horizon of the common-midpoint superposition data body is manually picked up for one set of static correction values, calculation is carried out by combining the shot point, the detection point and the coordinates of the superposition data common midpoint, and the target interpretation horizon of the common-midpoint superposition data body corresponding to the other set of static correction values is obtained. The optimal static correction value is selected by reasonably judging the occurrence of each interpretation horizon; the invention also provides a device for realizing the method. According to the method, for multiple sets of static correction values, only one set of static correction value needs to be manually picked up for the target interpretation horizon, for other static correction values, traditional manual picking up for the target interpretation horizon is not needed, the interpretation horizon occurrence can be rapidly and accurately analyzed, and therefore the optimal set of static correction value is selected. The method can be applied to geophysical exploration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of geophysical exploration and relates to a method and a device for determining static correction changes and explaining layer occurrence changes. Background Art

[0002] In the process of seismic data processing, static correction is usually required to correct the seismic data to a unified reference plane to eliminate the influence of factors such as surface elevation changes, changes in velocity thickness of low-velocity reduction zones, and different well depths of shot point excitation. Currently, there is no unified calculation formula to solve the static correction problem. The static correction values ​​calculated by various static correction methods and software are different. When the same method and software are used for calculation, different calculation parameters are selected, and the calculated static correction values ​​are also different. Therefore, it is necessary to select the best set of static correction values ​​for subsequent seismic exploration work.

[0003] The conventional method is to use a variety of calculation methods to obtain multiple sets of static corrections for the same original seismic data, and manually pick interpretation layers for each set of static corrections, analyze the information of each interpretation layer, and select the best static correction. This method has the problems of low work efficiency, large amount of time and labor cost.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need to provide a new method to solve the problem of low efficiency in selecting the best static correction value in the existing technology, and the need to apply multiple sets of static correction values ​​to the common center point stacked data body and manually pick the interpretation horizons respectively. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above deficiencies in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a method and device for determining the change of static correction amount and the change of interpretation layer strike, which only needs to apply a set of static correction amount to perform a stacking once and manually pick up a related target interpretation layer, and for other static correction amounts in the same original seismic data, it is not necessary to apply the static correction amount to the seismic data again by stacking imaging to manually pick up the interpretation layer in the common center point stacking data body formed, and the corresponding interpretation layer strike can be obtained, and the obtained strike information of each interpretation layer is analyzed, and the best static correction amount is selected to achieve the purpose of improving accuracy and efficiency;

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for executing the above method.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A method for determining static correction changes and interpreting stratum occurrence changes comprises the following steps performed in sequence:

[0009] S1. Data Preprocessing

[0010] The static correction method I is used to calculate the original seismic data to obtain the static correction amount I, and the static correction amount I is applied to the seismic data. A target interpretation horizon is picked up on the formed common center point stacked data volume through stack imaging to obtain the target interpretation horizon file I and the corresponding interpretation horizon occurrence I;

[0011] Selecting static correction method II to calculate the original seismic data, and obtaining static correction value II;

[0012] The target interpretation layer file I includes the X coordinate, Y coordinate and interpretation layer T0 of the common center point stacking data body;

[0013] S2. Data processing

[0014] Taking the static correction value of the detection point, the τ value of the shot point, the static correction value II and the target interpretation layer file I for spatial interpolation, the target interpretation layer file II is obtained;

[0015] S3. Interpretation of the occurrence of the strata

[0016] Through the target interpretation layer file II, the interpretation layer occurrence II corresponding to the static correction amount II is displayed;

[0017] S4. Determination of the optimal static correction

[0018] The best static correction value is selected by analyzing the occurrence of each interpreted layer.

[0019] Furthermore, the spatial interpolation method in step S2 is:

[0020] S21. Input the target interpretation layer file in the device with several columns of spatial interpolation, and the corresponding relationship is as follows:

[0021] Column A is the data of the pile number of the detection point, column B is the data of the X coordinate of the detection point, column C is the data of the Y coordinate of the detection point, column D is the data of the static correction of the detection point of the static correction amount I, column E is the data of the static correction of the detection point of the static correction amount II, column F is the difference between the data in column D and column E, column G is twice the data in column F, continue to input the X coordinate data and Y coordinate data of the common center point stacking data volume of the target interpretation layer file I in the vertical suffix after the above text, and perform spatial interpolation on the data in column G to obtain the approximate change a of the change of static correction amount I and static correction amount II to the occurrence of the interpretation layer;

[0022] S22. Input the target interpretation layer file into another device having several columns of spatial interpolation, and the corresponding relationship is as follows:

[0023] Column A is the data of the pile number of the detection point, column B is the data of the X coordinate of the detection point, and column C is the data of the Y coordinate of the detection point. After the above text, the vertical suffix input of the shot point pile number data, the shot point X coordinate data, the shot point Y coordinate data and the shot point τ value data are stored in columns A, B, C and D respectively. The τ value of the plumb direction of the detection point is obtained by spatial interpolation of the entire column D data. After that, the vertical suffix input of the X coordinate data and Y coordinate data of the common center point stacking data body of the target interpretation layer file I is continued after the above text. They are stored in columns B and C respectively, and the data in column D is spatially interpolated to obtain the influence value b of the error value change caused by the shot point τ value on the change of the interpretation layer occurrence at the position of the common center point stacking data body;

[0024] S23. Subtract the change influence value b from the approximate change a and add the interpretation layer T0 of the static correction I to obtain the interpretation layer T0 in the target interpretation layer file II of the static correction II.

[0025] Furthermore, the interpreted stratum occurrence in step S3 is displayed as:

[0026] The target interpretation layer file II is written into the seismic stacking data volume header of the static correction amount I in the manner of the X coordinate and Y coordinate of the common center point stacking data volume as indexes, and the interpretation layer occurrence II corresponding to the static correction amount II is displayed.

[0027] Furthermore, the interpreted stratum occurrence in step S3 is displayed as:

[0028] The interpreted layer T0 in the target interpreted layer file II is mapped in a contour plane to display the interpreted layer occurrence II corresponding to the static correction amount II.

[0029] Further, n other static correction methods different from static correction method I and static correction method II are selected to replace the above static correction method II respectively, and the original seismic data are calculated to obtain n corresponding static correction quantities, and steps S2 and S3 are performed respectively to display the occurrence of n interpreted layers corresponding to the n static correction quantities;

[0030] The n is a natural number.

[0031] Furthermore, the optimal static correction value in step S4 is obtained by comparing the contour plane diagram of the interpreted stratum occurrence corresponding to each static correction value with the contour plane diagram of the stratum at T0 of the actual drilling, and the static correction value corresponding to the interpreted stratum occurrence with the highest degree of fit is selected as the optimal static correction value.

[0032] Furthermore, the static correction methods include: refraction wave static correction method, generalized linear inversion static correction method and tomographic static correction method.

[0033] The present invention also provides a device for determining the change of static correction and interpreting the change of layer occurrence, comprising:

[0034] Data preprocessing unit: used to apply the static correction amount I obtained by any static correction method to the seismic data, pick up a target interpretation horizon on the formed common center point stacked data volume through stack imaging, and obtain the target interpretation horizon file I and the corresponding interpretation horizon occurrence I; used to obtain the static correction amount II obtained by another static correction method;

[0035] Data processing unit: used to obtain target interpretation layer file II of static correction value II;

[0036] Interpretation layer occurrence display unit: used to display the interpretation layer occurrence II corresponding to the static correction value II;

[0037] Optimal static correction value determination unit: used to select the optimal static correction value.

[0038] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0039] (1) The method for determining the change of static correction amount and the change of the strike of the interpreted layer provided by the present invention only needs to apply a set of static correction amounts to perform a stacking once and manually pick up a related target interpreted layer. For other static correction amounts in the same original seismic data, there is no need to apply the static correction amounts again to the common center point stacking data body formed by stacking imaging of the seismic data to manually pick up the interpreted layer, and accurate and reliable strike data of the corresponding interpreted layer can be obtained. By analyzing the strike data of each interpreted layer, the best static correction amount can be determined and selected, thereby accelerating the comprehensive analysis speed;

[0040] (2) The method for determining the change of static correction and interpreting the change of layer occurrence provided by the present invention can be applied to complex surfaces, thereby improving the progress and quality of seismic data processing;

[0041] (3) The method for determining the change of static correction and interpreting the change of formation attitude provided by the present invention provides a powerful means for further studying and solving the long wavelength and inverse attitude problems of static correction, optimizing the current static correction method and various static correction parameters, and selecting the best static correction.

[0042] (4) The device provided by the present invention can quickly and effectively determine the relationship between the change in static correction and the change in interpreted layer attitude. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0044] Figure 1It is a superposition diagram of the interpreted stratum strike II corresponding to the static correction value II in Example 1 and the common center point superimposed section to which the static correction value I is applied;

[0045] Figure 2 The interpretation layer occurrence II map corresponding to the static correction value II in Example 1 is formed;

[0046] Figure 3 It is a contour line plane diagram of the formation at T0 of the actual drilling in Example 1;

[0047] Figure 4 is the interpreted stratum occurrence I corresponding to the static correction value I in Example 1;

[0048] Figure 5 It is a correlation fitting diagram between the occurrence of the stratum I explained in Example 1 and the formation T0 of the actual drilling;

[0049] Figure 6 is the interpreted stratum occurrence II corresponding to the static correction value II in Example 1;

[0050] Figure 7 It is a correlation fitting diagram between the occurrence II of the stratum explained in Example 1 and the formation T0 of the actual drilling;

[0051] Figure 8 is the interpreted stratum occurrence III corresponding to the static correction value III in Example 1;

[0052] Fig. 9 It is a correlation fitting diagram between the occurrence of the stratum III explained in Example 1 and the formation T0 of the actual drilling;

[0053] Fig.10 The present invention is a flow chart of the device for determining the change of static correction amount and interpreting the change of formation attitude in Example 2, wherein: 1. data preprocessing unit; 2. data processing unit; 3. interpretation formation attitude display unit; 4. optimum static correction amount determination unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The present invention is further described in detail below through specific embodiments. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and understand the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0055] Example 1 A method for determining static correction changes and interpreting changes in stratum occurrence

[0056] This embodiment is a method for determining static correction changes and interpreting stratum occurrence changes based on the loess plateau region, comprising the following steps performed in sequence:

[0057] S1. Data Preprocessing

[0058] Select the refraction wave static correction method to calculate the original seismic data, obtain the static correction amount I, apply the static correction amount I to the seismic data, pick up a target interpretation layer on the formed common center point stacked data volume through stack imaging, and obtain the target interpretation layer file I and the corresponding interpretation layer occurrence I;

[0059] The generalized linear inversion static correction method is used to calculate the original seismic data to obtain the static correction value II;

[0060] The tomographic static correction method is used to calculate the original seismic data to obtain the static correction value III;

[0061] The target interpretation layer file I includes the X coordinate, Y coordinate and interpretation layer T0 of the common center point stacking data body;

[0062] S2. Data processing

[0063] S21. Input the target interpretation layer file in the device with several columns of spatial interpolation, and the corresponding relationship is as follows:

[0064] Column A is the data of the pile number of the detection point, column B is the data of the X coordinate of the detection point, column C is the data of the Y coordinate of the detection point, column D is the data of the static correction of the detection point of the static correction amount I, column E is the data of the static correction of the detection point of the static correction amount II, column F is the difference between the data in column D and column E, column G is twice the data in column F, continue to input the X coordinate data and Y coordinate data of the common center point stacking data volume of the target interpretation layer file I in the vertical suffix after the above text, and perform spatial interpolation on the data in column G to obtain the approximate change a of the change of static correction amount I and static correction amount II to the interpreted layer attitude;

[0065] S22. Input the target interpretation layer file into another device having several columns of spatial interpolation, and the corresponding relationship is as follows:

[0066] Column A is the data of the pile number of the detection point, column B is the data of the X coordinate of the detection point, and column C is the data of the Y coordinate of the detection point. After the above text, the vertical suffix input of the shot point pile number data, the shot point X coordinate data, the shot point Y coordinate data and the shot point τ value data are stored in columns A, B, C and D respectively. The τ value of the plumb direction of the detection point is obtained by spatial interpolation of the entire column D data. After that, the vertical suffix input of the X coordinate data and Y coordinate data of the common center point stacking data body of the target interpretation layer file I is continued after the above text. They are stored in columns B and C respectively, and the data in column D is spatially interpolated to obtain the influence value b of the error value change caused by the shot point τ value on the change of the interpretation layer occurrence at the position of the common center point stacking data body;

[0067] S23. Subtract the change influence value b from the approximate change a, and add the interpretation layer T0 corresponding to the static correction I to obtain the interpretation layer T0 in the target interpretation layer file II corresponding to the static correction II;

[0068] When the interpretation layer T0 in the target interpretation layer file III corresponding to the static correction value III is obtained by using the same steps as above;

[0069] S3. Interpretation of the occurrence of the strata

[0070] The target interpretation layer file II is written into the header of the seismic stacking data volume to which the static correction amount I is applied by using the X coordinate and Y coordinate of the common center point stacking data volume as an index and the header is displayed, such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the interpreted layer occurrence II corresponding to the static correction value II is shown. Figure 2 As shown;

[0071] The interpretation horizon T0 in the target interpretation horizon file III is mapped with contour lines to display the interpretation horizon occurrence III corresponding to the static correction amount III;

[0072] S4. Determination of the optimal static correction

[0073] According to the comparison between the contour plane diagram of the interpreted stratum occurrence corresponding to the above three static correction values ​​and the contour plane diagram of the formation at T0 of the actual drilling, the static correction value corresponding to the interpreted stratum occurrence with the highest degree of agreement is selected as the optimal static correction value, such as Figures 3 to 9 As shown,

[0074] Figure 3 is the contour plane diagram of the formation at T0 of the actual drilling, Figure 4 is the interpreted layer occurrence I corresponding to the static correction value I, Figure 5 In order to explain the correlation fitting diagram between the formation occurrence I and the formation T0 of the actual drilling, Figure 6 is the interpreted layer occurrence II corresponding to the static correction value II, Figure 7 In order to explain the correlation fitting diagram between the formation occurrence II and the actual well T0, Figure 8 is the interpreted layer occurrence III corresponding to the static correction value III, Fig. 9 To explain the correlation fitting diagram between the occurrence of the stratum III and the formation T0 of the actual drilling,

[0075] The correlation between the three interpreted strata occurrences obtained by the three static correction methods and the well-seismic correlation between the contour plane diagram of the formation at T0 of the actual drilling is shown in Table 1:

[0076] Table 1

[0077] Static Correction Method Interpretation of stratigraphic occurrence number Well-seismic correlation Refraction Wave Static Correction Method Ⅰ 85.49％ Generalized Linear Inversion Statics Ⅱ 86.54％ Tomographic Statics Ⅲ 90.39％

[0078] It can be seen from Table 1 that the static correction value III corresponding to the interpreted stratum strike III with the highest degree of agreement is the optimal static correction value.

[0079] The above experimental results show that the present invention only needs to apply a set of static correction values ​​for one stacking and manually pick up a related target interpretation layer. For other static correction values ​​calculated using the same original seismic data, there is no need to apply the static correction values ​​to the seismic data again. By manually picking up the target interpretation layer in the common center point stacking data body formed by stacking imaging, accurate and reliable corresponding interpretation layer occurrence data can be obtained, and the optimal static correction value can be determined based on the degree of fit between the interpretation layer occurrence data and the actual drilling structure trend.

[0080] Example 2: A device for determining static correction changes and interpreting changes in layer occurrence

[0081] Fig.10 A flow chart of a device for determining static correction changes and interpreting stratum occurrence changes according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, comprising:

[0082] Data preprocessing unit 1: used to apply the static correction amount I obtained by any static correction method to the seismic data, pick up a target interpretation horizon on the formed common center point stacked data volume through stack imaging, and obtain the target interpretation horizon file I and the corresponding interpretation horizon occurrence I; used to obtain the static correction amount II obtained by another static correction method;

[0083] Data processing unit 2: used to obtain target interpretation layer file II of static correction amount II;

[0084] Interpretation layer occurrence display unit 3: used to display the interpretation layer occurrence II corresponding to the static correction amount II;

[0085] The optimal static correction value determining unit 4 is used to select the optimal static correction value.

[0086] It should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining static correction changes and interpreting stratum occurrence changes, characterized in that: The process includes the following steps: S1. Data Preprocessing The static correction method I is used to calculate the original seismic data to obtain the static correction amount I, and the static correction amount I is applied to the seismic data. A target interpretation horizon is picked up on the formed common center point stacked data volume through stack imaging to obtain the target interpretation horizon file I and the corresponding interpretation horizon occurrence I; Selecting static correction method II to calculate the original seismic data, and obtaining static correction amount II; The target interpretation layer file I includes the X coordinate, Y coordinate and interpretation layer T0 of the common center point stacking data body; S2. Data processing Taking the static correction value of the detection point, the τ value of the shot point, the static correction value II and the target interpretation layer file I for spatial interpolation, the target interpretation layer file II is obtained; S3. Interpretation of the occurrence of the strata Through the target interpretation layer file II, the interpretation layer occurrence II corresponding to the static correction amount II is displayed; S4. Determination of the optimal static correction The best static correction value is selected by analyzing the occurrence of each interpreted layer.

2. The method for determining static correction changes and interpreting stratum occurrence changes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spatial interpolation method in step S2 is: S21. Input the target interpretation layer file in the device with several columns of spatial interpolation, and the corresponding relationship is as follows: Column A is the data of the pile number of the detection point, column B is the data of the X coordinate of the detection point, column C is the data of the Y coordinate of the detection point, column D is the data of the static correction of the detection point of the static correction amount I, column E is the data of the static correction of the detection point of the static correction amount II, column F is the difference between the data in column D and column E, column G is twice the data in column F, continue to input the X coordinate data and Y coordinate data of the common center point stacking data volume of the target interpretation layer file I in the vertical suffix after the above text, and perform spatial interpolation on the data in column G to obtain the approximate change a of the change of static correction amount I and static correction amount II to the interpreted layer attitude; S22. Input the target interpretation layer file into another device having several columns of spatial interpolation, and the corresponding relationship is as follows: Column A is the data of the pile number of the detection point, column B is the data of the X coordinate of the detection point, and column C is the data of the Y coordinate of the detection point. After the above text, the vertical suffix input of the shot point pile number data, the shot point X coordinate data, the shot point Y coordinate data and the shot point τ value data are stored in columns A, B, C and D respectively. The τ value of the plumb direction of the detection point is obtained by spatial interpolation of the entire column D data. After that, the vertical suffix input of the X coordinate data and Y coordinate data of the common center point stacking data body of the target interpretation layer file I is continued after the above text. They are stored in columns B and C respectively, and the data in column D is spatially interpolated to obtain the influence value b of the error value change caused by the shot point τ value on the change of the interpretation layer occurrence at the position of the common center point stacking data body; S23. Subtract the change influence value b from the approximate change a and add the interpretation layer T0 of the static correction I to obtain the interpretation layer T0 in the target interpretation layer file II of the static correction II.

3. The method for determining static correction changes and interpreting stratum occurrence changes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The interpreted stratum occurrence in step S3 is displayed as: The target interpretation layer file II is written into the seismic stacking data volume header of the static correction amount I in the manner of the X coordinate and Y coordinate of the common center point stacking data volume as indexes, and the interpretation layer occurrence II corresponding to the static correction amount II is displayed.

4. The method for determining static correction changes and interpreting stratum occurrence changes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The interpreted stratum occurrence in step S3 is displayed as: The interpreted layer T0 in the target interpreted layer file II is mapped in a contour plane to display the interpreted layer occurrence II corresponding to the static correction amount II.

5. The method for determining static correction changes and interpreting stratum occurrence changes according to claim 1, characterized in that: Selecting n other static correction methods different from static correction method I and static correction method II, respectively replacing the above static correction method II, calculating the original seismic data, and correspondingly obtaining n static correction quantities, respectively performing steps S2 and S3, and displaying the occurrence of n interpreted layers corresponding to the n static correction quantities; The n is a natural number.

6. The method for determining static correction changes and interpreting stratum occurrence changes according to claim 5, characterized in that: The best static correction value in step S4 is obtained by comparing the contour plane diagram of the interpreted stratum occurrence corresponding to each static correction value with the contour plane diagram of the stratum at T0 of the actual drilling. The static correction value corresponding to the interpreted stratum occurrence with the highest degree of agreement is selected as the best static correction value.

7. The method for determining static correction changes and interpreting stratum occurrence changes according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Static correction methods include: refraction wave static correction method, generalized linear inversion static correction method and tomographic static correction method.

8. A device for determining static correction changes and interpreting stratum occurrence changes as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: Data preprocessing unit: used to apply the static correction amount I obtained by any static correction method to the seismic data, pick up a target interpretation horizon on the formed common center point stacked data volume through stack imaging, and obtain the target interpretation horizon file I and the corresponding interpretation horizon occurrence I; used to obtain the static correction amount II obtained by another static correction method; Data processing unit: used to obtain target interpretation layer file II of static correction value II; Interpretation layer occurrence display unit: used to display the interpretation layer occurrence II corresponding to the static correction value II; Optimal static correction value determination unit: used to select the optimal static correction value.

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