Intelligent building engineering three-dimensional modeling system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent building engineering three-dimensional modeling system and method, and relates to the technical field of building engineering.According to the method, building heat effect prediction models are constructed, and the building heat effect prediction models comprise a heat exchange efficiency algorithm model, a humidity change algorithm model and an air velocity algorithm model; real-time thermal gradient, temperature, humidity and air velocity data can be extracted from a standard building data set, and the heat exchange efficiency Eth, the humidity influence index Ehum and the ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even are calculated and output respectively. Through the comprehensive heat effect index Htotal obtained through comprehensive calculation, the system can evaluate the heat effect state of the building area in real time, the heat effect state is compared with a preset heat effect threshold value H1, and maintenance prompt information is generated. According to the method, the building heat effect abnormal areas such as poor heat exchange, moisture accumulation or low ventilation efficiency can be rapidly identified, the problem areas are marked through the visual function of the BIM system, and clear maintenance and adjustment suggestions are provided for users.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building engineering, and in particular to an intelligent building engineering three-dimensional modeling system and method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of information technology, IoT and artificial intelligence, smart buildings have gradually become an important direction for improving building efficiency and safety. In this context, 3D modeling technology and building information model (BIM) have become one of the core tools for smart building management. It can intuitively present the physical structure of the building and its internal components, and at the same time, combined with real-time sensor data, provide dynamic management throughout the building life cycle. With the support of these technologies, the "Intelligent Building Engineering 3D Modeling System" focuses on achieving real-time analysis, predictive maintenance and optimal control of building thermal effects through modeling and data integration, providing a reliable solution for improving building performance, reducing energy consumption and ensuring user comfort.

[0003] Although traditional building information management systems such as BIM systems have been widely used in building design, construction and maintenance, there are still many problems and shortcomings in actual operation. Traditional systems usually only provide static models or storage of historical data, but lack dynamic data and real-time monitoring functions, and cannot conduct real-time evaluation of thermal effects, humidity changes, ventilation status, etc. during building operation. In addition, the maintenance management of many buildings relies on manual inspections and empirical judgments. This method is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also prone to missing potential problems, leading to equipment failures, increased energy consumption and decreased user experience. At the same time, traditional management methods are difficult to quantify and analyze for phenomena such as thermal gradient changes, moisture accumulation, and abnormal ventilation in complex building structures, and cannot generate effective maintenance decisions in a timely manner. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent building engineering three-dimensional modeling system and method, which solves the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Use 3D modeling tools to build a 3D building, obtain the 3D building model, and import the 3D building model into the BIM system. Meanwhile, install a smart sensor group inside the building to collect building data in real time, integrate the building data with the 3D building model, and simulate the 3D building model.

[0007] S2, extracting building data in real time in the BIM system, preprocessing the building data, obtaining a standard building data set, and building a cloud database at the same time, storing the standard building data set in the cloud database through a wireless network;

[0008] S3, constructing a building thermal effect prediction model, the building thermal effect prediction model includes a heat exchange efficiency algorithm model, a humidity change algorithm model and an air flow rate algorithm model, and extracting a standard building data set, inputting it into the building thermal effect prediction model, and calculating and outputting the heat exchange efficiency Ethe, the humidity impact index Ehum and the ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even respectively;

[0009] S4, based on the obtained heat exchange efficiency Ethe, humidity impact index Ehum and ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even, perform comprehensive calculation to output the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal, set the thermal effect threshold H1 and the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal for preliminary comparative evaluation, and generate maintenance prompt information based on the evaluation results;

[0010] S5. If maintenance prompt information is generated after preliminary comparative evaluation, the overall thermal effect index Ztjk of the building is calculated based on the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal, and the overall thermal effect threshold H2 is preset to perform a secondary comparative evaluation with the overall thermal effect index Ztjk of the building to analyze the overall thermal effect status of the building, and based on the evaluation results, prompt the maintenance execution timeliness.

[0011] Preferably, said S1 includes S11 and S12;

[0012] S11, by using a 3D modeling tool, 3D modeling is performed on each building component of the building according to the actual size to obtain a 3D model of the building, wherein the building components include walls, floors, pipes, facilities, air conditioning systems, elevators, doors and windows, and the obtained 3D model of the building is imported into a BIM system, and the historical data of the building is imported into the BIM system, and each building component of the building and the building component attributes are associated through the semantic function of the BIM system;

[0013] The building history data includes equipment age, maintenance records and construction documents;

[0014] The building components include wall material properties, floors and load capacity, pipes and materials and pressure ratings;

[0015] S12, installing several sensor groups inside the actual building, wherein the sensor groups are arranged in a grid format, obtaining a sensor grid, fully covering each floor of the building, and dividing each floor into different building areas, collecting building data in real time, and integrating and connecting the sensor groups with the BIM system through the wireless Internet of Things loT, transmitting the collected building data to the BIM system, and performing virtual simulation of the building three-dimensional model through the real-time building data;

[0016] The sensor group includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and an air flow meter;

[0017] The building data includes temperature T, humidity Sd and air flow rate Ls.

[0018] Preferably, S2 includes S21 and S22;

[0019] S21, embedding the sensor grid into the building three-dimensional model in the BIM system, receiving the building data in real time in the BIM system, and preprocessing the building data, wherein the preprocessing includes data cleaning, change degree calculation, time stamp unification and normalization processing;

[0020] The data cleaning is performed by removing outliers and filling missing values ​​in the collected building data;

[0021] The change degree calculation is performed by calculating and outputting the temperature difference and physical distance collected in real time by adjacent temperature sensors to obtain the thermal gradient Rt. The specific algorithm formula is: Where Rt(t) represents the thermal gradient at time t, T i+1 (t) represents the temperature collected by the sensor in the i+1th building area, T i (t) represents the temperature collected in the i-th building area, △h represents the distance between adjacent temperature sensors;

[0022] The timestamp is unified by marking the building data collected and acquired in the same batch with the timestamp, and unifying the timestamps to the same time point;

[0023] The normalization process unifies the dimensions of all parameters in the building data by performing a Z-Score normalization process on the building data after data cleaning;

[0024] The thermal gradient Rt is aggregated with the building data to obtain a standard building data set;

[0025] The standard building data set includes the thermal gradient Rt(t) at time t, the temperature T(t) at time t, the humidity Sd(t) at time t, and the air flow rate Ls(t) at time t;

[0026] S22, construct a cloud database and a wireless communication network, remotely connect the BIM system to the cloud database, and store the standard building data set in the cloud database.

[0027] Preferably, said S3 includes S31, S32 and S33;

[0028] S31, extracting the thermal gradient Rt(t) at time t and the temperature T(t) at time t from the standard building data set, inputting them into the heat exchange efficiency algorithm model, calculating and outputting the heat exchange efficiency Ethe, and analyzing the thermal insulation performance of the building and its changing trend over time;

[0029] The heat exchange efficiency Ethe is calculated and output by the following heat exchange efficiency algorithm model;

[0030]

[0031] In the formula, Ethe i (t) represents the heat exchange efficiency of building area i at time t, △T i (t) represents the temperature change of building area i at time t, △t represents the time difference, Rt i (t) represents the thermal gradient of building area i at time t, hstart i Indicates the starting value of building area i at the height occupied by the building, hend i represents the end value of building area i at the height occupied by the building, and dh represents a small height increment.

[0032] Preferably, S32, by extracting the thermal gradient Rt(t) at time t and the humidity Sd(t) at time t from the standard building data set, inputting them into the humidity change algorithm model, calculating and outputting the humidity influence index Ehum, and analyzing the trend of humidity change inside the building;

[0033] The humidity impact index Ehum is calculated and output by the following humidity change algorithm model;

[0034]

[0035] In the formula, Ehum i (t) represents the humidity impact index of building area i at time t, △Sd i (t) represents the humidity change rate of building area i at time t, Sd max Indicates the upper limit of the rate of change of humidity in the building area.

[0036] Preferably, S33, by extracting the air flow rate Ls(t) at time t and the temperature T(t) at time t from the standard building data set, inputting them into the air flow rate algorithm model, calculating and outputting the ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even, and analyzing the air flow and structural stability inside the building;

[0037] The ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even is calculated and output by the following air flow rate algorithm model;

[0038]

[0039] In the formula, Even i (t) represents the ventilation efficiency evaluation index of building area i at time t, Ls max Indicates the upper limit of air velocity in the building area, Tref indicates the reference temperature of the building, Ls i (t) represents the air velocity in building area i at time t.

[0040] Preferably, said S4 includes S41 and S42;

[0041] S41, comprehensively calculating the heat exchange efficiency Ethe, humidity impact index Ehum and ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even of the current building area i and outputting a comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal to comprehensively analyze the health status of the current building area;

[0042] The comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal is calculated and outputted by the following algorithm formula;

[0043] Htotal i (t) = [(Ethe i (t)·a1)+(Ehum i (t)·a2)+(Even i (t)·a3)];

[0044] Where Htotal i (t) represents the comprehensive thermal effect index of building area i at time t, a1, a2 and a3 represent the preset weight values ​​of heat exchange efficiency Ethe, humidity influence index Ehum and ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even respectively, and a1+a2+a3=1, and the specific values ​​are set by the user.

[0045] Preferably, S42, setting a thermal effect threshold H1 based on thermal effect standards of different building areas, and comparing the thermal effect threshold H1 with the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal of the building area i at time t i (t), conduct preliminary comparative assessment, preliminarily analyze the health status of the building area, and generate relevant prompt information based on the assessment results. The specific assessment contents are as follows;

[0046] When the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal of building area i at time t i When (t)> thermal effect threshold H1, it indicates that the internal thermal effect of the current building area i is abnormal. At this time, the current building area i on the sensor grid in the BIM system is automatically marked in red, and the BIM system generates prompt information for the user to perform maintenance adjustments;

[0047] When the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal of building area i at time t i When (t)≤thermal effect threshold H1, it indicates that the internal thermal effect of the current building area i is normal, and no adjustment is required to continue monitoring.

[0048] Preferably, said S5 includes S51 and S52;

[0049] S51, when the maintenance prompt information is generated through preliminary comparison and evaluation, a sum calculation is performed based on the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal of all building areas in the building, and the overall thermal effect index Ztjk of the building is output to comprehensively analyze the heat load inside the building;

[0050] The overall thermal effect index Ztjk is calculated and output by the following algorithm formula;

[0051]

[0052] In the formula, n represents the total number of building areas;

[0053] S52, setting an overall thermal effect threshold H2 based on the overall thermal energy standard of the building, and then performing a secondary comparative evaluation on the overall thermal effect threshold H2 and the overall thermal effect index Ztjk, analyzing the overall thermal effect state of the building, and analyzing the timeliness of maintenance based on the evaluation results, the specific evaluation contents are as follows;

[0054] When the overall thermal effect index Ztjk> the overall thermal effect threshold H2, it means that the overall thermal effect of the building is abnormal. At this time, it is marked as the first abnormal level, and the BIM system prompts the current building area to be maintained within three days;

[0055] When the overall thermal effect index Ztjk ≥ twice the overall thermal effect threshold H2, it means that the overall thermal effect of the building is abnormal. At this time, it is marked as the second-level abnormality level, and the BIM system prompts immediate maintenance of the current building area;

[0056] When the overall thermal effect index Ztjk is less than the overall thermal effect threshold H2, it indicates that the overall thermal effect of the building is normal. At this time, for the abnormal building area, the BIM system will prompt the current building area to be maintained within seven days.

[0057] An intelligent building engineering 3D modeling system, comprising a 3D modeling acquisition module, a data processing module, a thermal effect analysis module, a building area thermal effect analysis module and a maintenance time analysis module;

[0058] The 3D modeling acquisition module uses a 3D modeling tool to perform 3D modeling on the building, obtains the 3D model of the building, and imports the 3D model of the building into the BIM system. At the same time, an intelligent sensor group is installed inside the building to collect building data in real time, and integrates the building data with the 3D model of the building to simulate the 3D model of the building.

[0059] The data processing module extracts building data in real time from the BIM system, pre-processes the building data, obtains a standard building data set, and constructs a cloud database, and stores the standard building data set in the cloud database through a wireless network;

[0060] The thermal effect analysis module constructs a building thermal effect prediction model, which includes a heat exchange efficiency algorithm model, a humidity change algorithm model and an air flow rate algorithm model, extracts a standard building data set, inputs it into the building thermal effect prediction model, and calculates and outputs the heat exchange efficiency Ethe, the humidity impact index Ehum and the ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even respectively;

[0061] The building area thermal effect analysis module performs comprehensive calculation and outputs a comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal based on the obtained heat exchange efficiency Ethe, humidity impact index Ehum and ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even, sets a thermal effect threshold H1 and the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal for preliminary comparative evaluation, and generates maintenance prompt information based on the evaluation results;

[0062] After the maintenance timeliness analysis module generates maintenance prompt information through preliminary comparative evaluation, it calculates the overall thermal effect index Ztjk of the building based on the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal, and performs a secondary comparative evaluation on the preset overall thermal effect threshold H2 and the overall thermal effect index Ztjk of the building to analyze the overall thermal effect status of the building, and then prompts the maintenance execution timeliness based on the evaluation results.

[0063] The present invention provides an intelligent building engineering 3D modeling system and method, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0064] (1) This method uses 3D modeling tools and BIM systems to accurately model each component of the building, such as walls, floors, pipes, facilities, air conditioning systems, elevators, doors and windows, and associates their properties, such as materials, load capacity, pressure level, etc., to build a digital model of the building. At the same time, dynamic data such as temperature, humidity, and air flow rate are collected in real time through a sensor grid and integrated with the 3D model to achieve comprehensive monitoring and simulation of the building status. This method integrates static historical data and dynamic sensor data, allowing building information to be visualized and dynamically updated in the BIM system, providing an efficient and comprehensive data foundation for building management.

[0065] (2) This method constructs a building thermal effect prediction model, which includes a heat exchange efficiency algorithm model, a humidity change algorithm model, and an air flow rate algorithm model. It can extract real-time thermal gradient, temperature, humidity, and air flow rate data from the standard building data set, and calculate the output heat exchange efficiency Ethe, humidity impact index Ehum, and ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even, respectively. Through the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal obtained by comprehensive calculation, the system can evaluate the thermal effect status of the building area in real time, compare it with the preset thermal effect threshold H1, and generate maintenance prompt information. This method can quickly identify abnormal areas of building thermal effects, such as poor heat exchange, moisture accumulation, or low ventilation efficiency, and mark the problem areas through the visualization function of the BIM system, providing users with clear maintenance adjustment suggestions.

[0066] (3) Based on the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal, this method further calculates the overall thermal effect index Ztjk and compares it with the overall thermal effect threshold H2. The system can comprehensively analyze the thermal load and overall health status of the building. For building areas with abnormal thermal effects, the system generates maintenance prompts based on the abnormality level. Level 1 abnormality requires immediate maintenance, minor abnormalities require maintenance within three days, and normal conditions do not require adjustment but are continuously monitored. This hierarchical management maintenance strategy not only improves the accuracy and timeliness of building maintenance work and avoids excessive maintenance, but also optimizes resource allocation and reduces the energy consumption and failure rate of equipment in long-term operation, thereby effectively extending the service life of the building and improving the comfort of users. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0067] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the steps of a method for three-dimensional modeling of intelligent building engineering according to the present invention;

[0068] Figure 2 The present invention is a flowchart of an intelligent building engineering three-dimensional modeling system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0070] Example 1

[0071] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a method for intelligent building engineering three-dimensional modeling. To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: comprising the following steps:

[0072] S1. Use 3D modeling tools to build a 3D building, obtain the 3D building model, and import the 3D building model into the BIM system. Meanwhile, install a smart sensor group inside the building to collect building data in real time, integrate the building data with the 3D building model, and simulate the 3D building model.

[0073] S2, extracting building data in real time in the BIM system, preprocessing the building data, obtaining a standard building data set, and building a cloud database at the same time, storing the standard building data set in the cloud database through a wireless network;

[0074] S3. Construct a building thermal effect prediction model, which includes a heat exchange efficiency algorithm model, a humidity change algorithm model and an air flow rate algorithm model, and extract a standard building data set, input it into the building thermal effect prediction model, and calculate and output the heat exchange efficiency Ethe, humidity impact index Ehum and ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even respectively;

[0075] S4, based on the obtained heat exchange efficiency Ethe, humidity impact index Ehum and ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even, perform comprehensive calculation to output the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal, set the thermal effect threshold H1 and the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal for preliminary comparative evaluation, and generate maintenance prompt information based on the evaluation results;

[0076] S5. If the maintenance prompt information is generated after the preliminary comparative evaluation, the overall thermal effect index Ztjk of the building is calculated based on the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal, and the overall thermal effect threshold H2 is preset to perform a secondary comparative evaluation with the overall thermal effect index Ztjk of the building to analyze the overall thermal effect status of the building, and based on the evaluation results, prompt the maintenance execution timeliness.

[0077] In this embodiment, the method uses a three-dimensional modeling tool to accurately model each component of the building, combines the BIM system to build a digital three-dimensional model of the building, and integrates historical data with real-time collected sensor data to fully cover the dynamic changes of thermal effects inside the building, while realizing the simulation of the building state. Secondly, the sensor grid data is extracted in real time in the BIM system, and the thermal gradient Rt is obtained through data cleaning and change calculation, and the timestamp is unified and normalized to build a standardized building data set and store it in the cloud database, providing a standardized and real-time data foundation for the analysis of building thermal effects. Based on the standard building data set, the system constructs a building thermal effect prediction model, including a heat exchange efficiency algorithm model, a humidity change algorithm model, and an air flow rate algorithm model, which respectively calculates and outputs the heat exchange efficiency Ethe, the humidity impact index Ehum, and the ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even, which can accurately analyze the building's thermal insulation performance, humidity change trend, and ventilation status. Subsequently, by comprehensively calculating the thermal effect index Htotal and making a preliminary comparative evaluation with the thermal effect threshold H1, the system generates specific maintenance prompt information; on this basis, the overall thermal effect index Ztjk of the building is further calculated, and a secondary comparative evaluation is made with the overall thermal effect threshold H2 to generate graded maintenance time prompts, such as immediate maintenance, maintenance within three days, or maintenance within seven days, thus achieving the refinement and dynamicization of building maintenance management. This method realizes the transformation of building information from static management to dynamic analysis through precise modeling and dynamic data monitoring.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] Specifically: S1 includes S11 and S12;

[0080] S11. By using a 3D modeling tool, each building component of the building is 3D modeled according to the actual size to obtain a 3D model of the building. The building components include walls, floors, pipes, facilities, air conditioning systems, elevators, doors and windows. The obtained 3D model of the building is imported into the BIM system. Meanwhile, the historical data of the building is imported into the BIM system. Each building component of the building and the building component attributes are associated through the semantic function of the BIM system.

[0081] Building history data includes equipment age, maintenance records, and construction documents;

[0082] Building components include wall material properties, floors and load capacities, pipes and materials and pressure ratings;

[0083] S12. Install several sensor groups inside the actual building. The sensor groups are arranged in a grid format to obtain a sensor grid, fully cover each floor of the building, and divide each floor into different building areas to collect building data in real time. The sensor groups are integrated and connected with the BIM system through the wireless Internet of Things (IoT), and the collected building data is transmitted to the BIM system. The three-dimensional building model is virtually simulated through the real-time building data.

[0084] The sensor group includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and an air flow meter;

[0085] Building data include temperature T, humidity Sd and air flow rate Ls.

[0086] In this embodiment, the method uses a three-dimensional modeling tool to accurately model each component of the building according to the actual size, generates a three-dimensional model of the building, and imports it into the BIM system. At the same time, the historical data of the building is imported, and the building components in the model are associated with their attributes using the semantic function of the BIM system, so as to construct a comprehensive digital building model with dynamic semantics. In addition, by arranging the sensor group in a grid inside the building, comprehensive coverage of each floor and area of ​​the building is achieved, each floor is divided into several building areas, and key building data is collected in real time. The sensor group is seamlessly integrated with the BIM system through the wireless Internet of Things IoT, so that the collected data can be transmitted in real time and dynamically updated in the BIM system, further enriching the dynamic properties of the digital building model. This method not only constructs an accurate three-dimensional building model, but also provides a reliable basis for monitoring and management of the building's operating status through real-time data collection and dynamic updating. The combination of historical data and real-time sensor data significantly improves the integrity and dynamics of building information management.

[0087] Example 3

[0088] Specifically: S2 includes S21 and S22;

[0089] S21. Embed the sensor grid into the building three-dimensional model in the BIM system, receive the building data in real time in the BIM system, and pre-process the building data, including data cleaning, change calculation, time stamp unification and normalization processing;

[0090] Data cleaning removes outliers and fills missing values ​​from the collected building data;

[0091] The degree of change is calculated by calculating the temperature difference and physical distance collected in real time by adjacent temperature sensors to obtain the thermal gradient Rt. The specific algorithm formula is: Where Rt(t) represents the thermal gradient at time t, T i+1(t) represents the temperature collected by the sensor in the i+1th building area, T i (t) represents the temperature collected in the i-th building area, △h represents the distance between adjacent temperature sensors;

[0092] Timestamp unification: The building data collected in the same batch are marked with timestamps and the timestamps are unified to the same time point;

[0093] Normalization processing uses the Z-Score normalization method to normalize the dimensions of all parameters in the building data after data cleaning;

[0094] The thermal gradient Rt is aggregated with the building data to obtain a standard building data set;

[0095] The standard building data set includes the thermal gradient Rt(t) at time t, the temperature T(t) at time t, the humidity Sd(t) at time t, and the air velocity Ls(t) at time t;

[0096] S22. Build a cloud database and wireless communication network, remotely connect the BIM system to the cloud database, and store the standard building data set in the cloud database.

[0097] In this embodiment, the method embeds the sensor grid into the three-dimensional model of the building in the BIM system, receives the collected building data in real time through the sensor group, and performs comprehensive preprocessing on the data. Preprocessing includes: removing outliers and filling missing values ​​through data cleaning to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the data; obtaining the thermal gradient Rt of adjacent areas to provide a basis for analyzing the dynamic changes of the building thermal environment; timestamping to uniformly mark the same batch of data to ensure multi-point data synchronization; normalization processing uses the Z-Score standardization method to unify the dimensions of different parameters and eliminate data dimension differences. Finally, it is summarized into a standard building data set. On this basis, by building a cloud database and using a wireless communication network, the standard building data set is remotely stored in the cloud database. This step realizes the seamless connection between the BIM system and the cloud database, ensuring that the data can be transmitted and stored safely and quickly.

[0098] Example 4

[0099] Specifically: S3 includes S31, S32 and S33;

[0100] S31, extracting the thermal gradient Rt(t) at time t and the temperature T(t) at time t from the standard building data set, inputting them into the heat exchange efficiency algorithm model, calculating and outputting the heat exchange efficiency Ethe, analyzing the thermal insulation performance of the building and its changing trend over time, and identifying areas with poor heat exchange;

[0101] The heat exchange efficiency Ethe is calculated and output by the following heat exchange efficiency algorithm model;

[0102]

[0103] In the formula, Ethe i (t) represents the heat exchange efficiency of building area i at time t, △T i (t) represents the temperature change of building area i at time t, △t represents the time difference, Rt i (t) represents the thermal gradient of building area i at time t, hstart i Indicates the starting value of building area i at the height occupied by the building, hend i represents the end value of building area i at the height occupied by the building, and dh represents a small height increment.

[0104] S32, by extracting the thermal gradient Rt(t) at time t and the humidity Sd(t) at time t from the standard building data set, inputting them into the humidity change algorithm model, calculating and outputting the humidity impact index Ehum, analyzing the trend of humidity changes inside the building, and evaluating the moisture accumulation area and possible mold problems of the building;

[0105] The humidity impact index Ehum is calculated and output by the following humidity change algorithm model;

[0106]

[0107] In the formula, Ehum i (t) represents the humidity impact index of building area i at time t, △Sd i (t) represents the humidity change rate of building area i at time t, Sd max Indicates the upper limit of the rate of change of humidity in the building area.

[0108] S33, extracting the air flow rate Ls(t) at time t and the temperature T(t) at time t from the standard building data set, inputting them into the air flow rate algorithm model, calculating and outputting the ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even, and analyzing the air flow and structural stability inside the building;

[0109] The ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even is calculated and output by the following air velocity algorithm model;

[0110]

[0111] In the formula, Even i (t) represents the ventilation efficiency evaluation index of building area i at time t, Ls maxIndicates the upper limit of air velocity in the building area, Tref indicates the reference temperature of the building, usually the standard temperature of the building design, Ls i (t) represents the air velocity in building area i at time t.

[0112] In this embodiment, by extracting the thermal gradient Rt and temperature T from the standard building data set, inputting them into the heat exchange efficiency algorithm model, calculating the output heat exchange efficiency Ethe, quantitatively evaluating the thermal isolation performance of different areas of the building, analyzing the changing trend of the heat exchange efficiency over time, and quickly identifying areas with poor heat exchange. Subsequently, through the humidity change algorithm model, the thermal gradient Rt and humidity Sd in the building data set are extracted, the humidity impact index Ehum is calculated, the humidity change trend is accurately analyzed, the moisture accumulation area inside the building is evaluated, and the mold problem or material corrosion risk that may be caused is predicted. Finally, through the air flow rate algorithm model, the air flow rate Ls and temperature T(t) in the building data set are extracted, and the ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even is calculated to quantitatively evaluate the air flow efficiency, analyze the ventilation performance and structural stability inside the building, and provide a basis for optimizing ventilation. This method conducts a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the heat exchange, moisture accumulation and ventilation status of the building by constructing a multi-dimensional thermal effect model. The output heat exchange efficiency Ethe, humidity impact index Ehum and ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even provide a scientific basis for identifying potential problem areas, effectively improving the intelligent level of building thermal environment management. By accurately predicting the changing trends of thermal effects, this method achieves early detection and proactive early warning of building environmental problems, further optimizing building management efficiency, equipment operating performance, and the safety and comfort of the use environment.

[0113] Example 5

[0114] Specifically: S4 includes S41 and S42;

[0115] S41, comprehensively calculating the heat exchange efficiency Ethe, humidity impact index Ehum and ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even of the current building area i and outputting a comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal to comprehensively analyze the health status of the current building area;

[0116] The comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal is calculated and output by the following algorithm formula;

[0117] Htotal i (t) = [(Ethe i (t)·a1)+(Ehum i (t)·a2)+(Even i (t)·a3)];

[0118] Where Htotal i(t) represents the comprehensive thermal effect index of building area i at time t, a1, a2 and a3 represent the preset weight values ​​of heat exchange efficiency Ethe, humidity influence index Ehum and ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even respectively, and a1+a2+a3=1, and the specific values ​​are set by the user.

[0119] S42, setting a thermal effect threshold H1 based on thermal effect standards of different building areas, and comparing the thermal effect threshold H1 with the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal of the building area i at time t i (t), conduct preliminary comparative assessment, preliminarily analyze the health status of the building area, and generate relevant prompt information based on the assessment results. The specific assessment contents are as follows;

[0120] When the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal of building area i at time t i When (t)> the thermal effect threshold H1, it indicates that the internal thermal effect of the current building area i is abnormal. At this time, the current building area i on the sensor grid in the BIM system is automatically marked in red, and the BIM system generates a prompt message for the user to make maintenance adjustments, prompting the current building area to start cooling or ventilation measures, such as increasing the number of air conditioners or remodeling windows, etc.;

[0121] When the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal of building area i at time t i When (t)≤thermal effect threshold H1, it indicates that the internal thermal effect of the current building area i is normal, and no adjustment is required to continue monitoring.

[0122] In this embodiment, the method comprehensively calculates the heat exchange efficiency Ethe, humidity impact index Ehum and ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even of the building area, outputs the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal, realizes the comprehensive analysis of the health status of the current building area, and provides a quantitative health assessment result. Subsequently, by setting the thermal effect threshold H1 of the building area, it is compared and evaluated with the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal to quickly identify abnormal conditions in the building area. When the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal of the building area i at time t is i When (t)> thermal effect threshold H1, the system determines that the thermal effect inside the area is abnormal and marks it in red on the sensor grid in the BIM system. At the same time, it generates maintenance prompt information to guide users to take adjustment operations such as increasing the number of air conditioners, optimizing ventilation measures or remodeling windows. When the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal of building area i at time t is iWhen (t)≤thermal effect threshold H1, the system determines that the thermal effect inside the area is normal and no adjustment is required, and only monitoring continues. This method effectively improves the monitoring efficiency and problem identification ability of the building thermal environment through comprehensive calculation and preliminary evaluation. The system can quickly locate abnormal areas and provide intuitive visual markings, combined with maintenance prompt information, to provide users with scientific decision-making support. Ultimately, this method optimizes the intelligent level of building operation management, reduces equipment loss and energy waste caused by abnormal thermal effects, improves the comfort and safety of the building's internal environment, and realizes the precision of resource allocation and maintenance plans.

[0123] Example 6

[0124] Specifically: S5 includes S51 and S52;

[0125] S51, when the maintenance prompt information is generated through preliminary comparison and evaluation, a sum calculation is performed based on the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal of all building areas in the building, and the overall thermal effect index Ztjk of the building is output to comprehensively analyze the heat load inside the building;

[0126] The overall thermal effect index Ztjk is calculated and output by the following algorithm formula;

[0127]

[0128] In the formula, n represents the total number of building areas, that is, the total number of grids divided by the sensor group;

[0129] S52. The overall thermal effect threshold H2 is set based on the overall thermal energy standard of the building, and then the overall thermal effect threshold H2 is compared and evaluated with the overall thermal effect index Ztjk for a second time to analyze the overall thermal effect state of the building, and based on the evaluation results, the timeliness of maintenance is analyzed. The specific evaluation contents are as follows;

[0130] When the overall thermal effect index Ztjk> the overall thermal effect threshold H2, it means that the overall thermal effect of the building is abnormal. At this time, it is marked as the first abnormal level, and the BIM system prompts the current building area to be maintained within three days;

[0131] When the overall thermal effect index Ztjk ≥ twice the overall thermal effect threshold H2, it means that the overall thermal effect of the building is abnormal. At this time, it is marked as the second-level abnormality level, and the BIM system prompts immediate maintenance of the current building area;

[0132] When the overall thermal effect index Ztjk is less than the overall thermal effect threshold H2, it indicates that the overall thermal effect of the building is normal. At this time, for the abnormal building area, the BIM system will prompt the current building area to be maintained within seven days.

[0133] In this embodiment, the method calculates the sum of the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal of all areas of the building on the basis of generating maintenance prompt information through preliminary comparative evaluation, and outputs the overall thermal effect index Ztjk of the building. By averaging the thermal effect indexes of all areas, the thermal load of the entire building is quantitatively evaluated, forming a global analysis of the thermal environment state of the building. Then, based on the thermal energy standard of the entire building, the overall thermal effect threshold H2 is set, and it is compared and evaluated with the overall thermal effect index Ztjk for a second time to clarify the overall thermal effect state of the building, and generate a graded maintenance time prompt. When the overall thermal effect index Ztjk> the overall thermal effect threshold H2, the system determines that there is a major abnormality in the overall thermal effect of the building, marks it as a first-level abnormality, and prompts the user to perform emergency maintenance within three days; when the overall thermal effect index Ztjk≥ the overall thermal effect threshold H2, prompt the user to immediately maintain the current building area; when the overall thermal effect index Ztjk< the overall thermal effect threshold H2, the overall thermal effect of the building is determined to be normal, and only the abnormal area previously identified is prompted to complete maintenance within seven days. All assessment results and maintenance plans are visualized and prompted through the BIM system to ensure the scientificity and operability of maintenance work. This method improves the accuracy and timeliness of building maintenance through global and regional dual thermal effect assessments. The introduction of the overall thermal effect index Ztjk provides a quantitative basis for comprehensive control of the building's operating status; the hierarchical management strategy optimizes resource allocation and maintenance efficiency, avoiding excessive maintenance and delayed problem handling.

[0134] Example 7

[0135] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , an intelligent building engineering 3D modeling system, including a 3D modeling acquisition module, a data processing module, a thermal effect analysis module, a building area thermal effect analysis module and a maintenance time analysis module;

[0136] The 3D modeling acquisition module uses a 3D modeling tool to perform 3D modeling on the building, obtains the 3D model of the building, and imports the 3D model of the building into the BIM system. At the same time, an intelligent sensor group is installed inside the building to collect building data in real time, and integrates the building data with the 3D model of the building to simulate the 3D model of the building.

[0137] The data processing module extracts building data in real time from the BIM system, pre-processes the building data, obtains a standard building data set, and constructs a cloud database, and stores the standard building data set in the cloud database through a wireless network;

[0138] The thermal effect analysis module constructs a building thermal effect prediction model, which includes a heat exchange efficiency algorithm model, a humidity change algorithm model and an air flow rate algorithm model, extracts a standard building data set, inputs it into the building thermal effect prediction model, and calculates and outputs the heat exchange efficiency Ethe, the humidity impact index Ehum and the ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even respectively;

[0139] The building area thermal effect analysis module performs comprehensive calculation and outputs a comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal based on the obtained heat exchange efficiency Ethe, humidity impact index Ehum and ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even, sets a thermal effect threshold H1 and the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal for preliminary comparative evaluation, and generates maintenance prompt information based on the evaluation results;

[0140] After the maintenance timeliness analysis module generates maintenance prompt information through preliminary comparative evaluation, it calculates the overall thermal effect index Ztjk of the building based on the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal, and performs a secondary comparative evaluation on the preset overall thermal effect threshold H2 and the overall thermal effect index Ztjk of the building to analyze the overall thermal effect status of the building, and then prompts the maintenance execution timeliness based on the evaluation results.

[0141] While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for intelligent building engineering three-dimensional modeling, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Use 3D modeling tools to build a 3D building, obtain the 3D building model, and import the 3D building model into the BIM system. Meanwhile, install a smart sensor group inside the building to collect building data in real time, integrate the building data with the 3D building model, and simulate the 3D building model. S2, extracting building data in real time in the BIM system, preprocessing the building data, obtaining a standard building data set, and building a cloud database at the same time, storing the standard building data set in the cloud database through a wireless network; S3, constructing a building thermal effect prediction model, the building thermal effect prediction model includes a heat exchange efficiency algorithm model, a humidity change algorithm model and an air flow rate algorithm model, and extracting a standard building data set, inputting it into the building thermal effect prediction model, and calculating and outputting the heat exchange efficiency Ethe, the humidity impact index Ehum and the ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even respectively; S4, based on the obtained heat exchange efficiency Ethe, humidity impact index Ehum and ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even, perform comprehensive calculation to output the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal, set the thermal effect threshold H1 and the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal for preliminary comparative evaluation, and generate maintenance prompt information based on the evaluation results; S5. If maintenance prompt information is generated after preliminary comparative evaluation, the overall thermal effect index Ztjk of the building is calculated based on the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal, and the overall thermal effect threshold H2 is preset to perform a secondary comparative evaluation with the overall thermal effect index Ztjk of the building to analyze the overall thermal effect status of the building, and based on the evaluation results, prompt the maintenance execution timeliness.

2. The intelligent building engineering 3D modeling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Said S1 includes S11 and S12; S11, by using a 3D modeling tool, 3D modeling is performed on each building component of the building according to the actual size to obtain a 3D model of the building, wherein the building components include walls, floors, pipes, facilities, air conditioning systems, elevators, doors and windows, and the obtained 3D model of the building is imported into a BIM system, and the historical data of the building is imported into the BIM system, and each building component of the building and the building component attributes are associated through the semantic function of the BIM system; The building history data includes equipment age, maintenance records and construction documents; The building components include wall material properties, floors and load capacity, pipes and materials and pressure ratings; S12, installing several sensor groups inside the actual building, wherein the sensor groups are arranged in a grid format, obtaining a sensor grid, fully covering each floor of the building, and dividing each floor into different building areas, collecting building data in real time, and integrating and connecting the sensor groups with the BIM system through the wireless Internet of Things loT, transmitting the collected building data to the BIM system, and performing virtual simulation of the building three-dimensional model through the real-time building data; The sensor group includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and an air flow meter; The building data includes temperature T, humidity Sd and air flow rate Ls.

3. The intelligent building engineering 3D modeling method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The S2 includes S21 and S22; S21, embedding the sensor grid into the building three-dimensional model in the BIM system, receiving the building data in real time in the BIM system, and preprocessing the building data, wherein the preprocessing includes data cleaning, change degree calculation, time stamp unification and normalization processing; The data cleaning is performed by removing outliers and filling missing values ​​in the collected building data; The change degree calculation is performed by calculating and outputting the temperature difference and physical distance collected in real time by adjacent temperature sensors to obtain the thermal gradient Rt. The specific algorithm formula is: Where Rt(t) represents the thermal gradient at time t, T i+1 (t) represents the temperature collected by the sensor in the i+1th building area, T i (t) represents the temperature collected in the i-th building area, △h represents the distance between adjacent temperature sensors; The timestamp is unified by marking the building data collected and acquired in the same batch with the timestamp, and unifying the timestamps to the same time point; The normalization process unifies the dimensions of all parameters in the building data by performing a Z-Score normalization process on the building data after data cleaning; The thermal gradient Rt is aggregated with the building data to obtain a standard building data set; The standard building data set includes the thermal gradient Rt(t) at time t, the temperature T(t) at time t, the humidity Sd(t) at time t, and the air flow rate Ls(t) at time t; S22, construct a cloud database and a wireless communication network, remotely connect the BIM system to the cloud database, and store the standard building data set in the cloud database.

4. The intelligent building engineering 3D modeling method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The S3 includes S31, S32 and S33; S31, extracting the thermal gradient Rt(t) at time t and the temperature T(t) at time t from the standard building data set, inputting them into the heat exchange efficiency algorithm model, calculating and outputting the heat exchange efficiency Ethe, and analyzing the thermal insulation performance of the building and its changing trend over time; The heat exchange efficiency Ethe is calculated and output by the following heat exchange efficiency algorithm model; In the formula, Ethe i (t) represents the heat exchange efficiency of building area i at time t, △T i (t) represents the temperature change of building area i at time t, △t represents the time difference, Rt i (t) represents the thermal gradient of building area i at time t, hstart i Indicates the starting value of building area i at the height occupied by the building, hend i represents the end value of building area i at the height occupied by the building, and dh represents a small height increment.

5. The intelligent building engineering 3D modeling method according to claim 4, characterized in that: S32, by extracting the thermal gradient Rt(t) at time t and the humidity Sd(t) at time t from the standard building data set, inputting them into the humidity change algorithm model, calculating and outputting the humidity influence index Ehum, and analyzing the trend of humidity change inside the building; The humidity impact index Ehum is calculated and output by the following humidity change algorithm model; In the formula, Ehum i (t) represents the humidity impact index of building area i at time t, △Sd i (t) represents the humidity change rate of building area i at time t, Sd max Indicates the upper limit of the rate of change of humidity in the building area.

6. The intelligent building engineering 3D modeling method according to claim 4, characterized in that: S33, extracting the air flow rate Ls(t) at time t and the temperature T(t) at time t from the standard building data set, inputting them into the air flow rate algorithm model, calculating and outputting the ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even, and analyzing the air flow and structural stability inside the building; The ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even is calculated and output by the following air flow rate algorithm model; In the formula, Even i (t) represents the ventilation efficiency evaluation index of building area i at time t, Ls max Indicates the upper limit of air velocity in the building area, Tref indicates the reference temperature of the building, Ls i (t) represents the air velocity in building area i at time t.

7. The intelligent building engineering 3D modeling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S4 includes S41 and S42; S51, comprehensively calculating the heat exchange efficiency Ethe, humidity impact index Ehum and ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even of the current building area i and outputting a comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal to comprehensively analyze the health status of the current building area; The comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal is calculated and outputted by the following algorithm formula; Htotal i (t)=[(Ethe i (t)·a1)+(Ehum i (t)·a2)+(Even i (t)·a3)]; Where Htotal i (t) represents the comprehensive thermal effect index of building area i at time t, a1, a2 and a3 represent the preset weight values ​​of heat exchange efficiency Ethe, humidity influence index Ehum and ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even respectively, and a1+a2+a3=1, and the specific values ​​are set by the user.

8. The intelligent building engineering 3D modeling method according to claim 6, characterized in that: S52, setting a thermal effect threshold H1 based on thermal effect standards of different building areas, and comparing the thermal effect threshold H1 with the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal of the building area i at time t i (t), conduct preliminary comparative assessment, preliminarily analyze the health status of the building area, and generate relevant prompt information based on the assessment results. The specific assessment contents are as follows; When the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal of building area i at time t i When (t)> thermal effect threshold H1, it indicates that the internal thermal effect of the current building area i is abnormal. At this time, the current building area i on the sensor grid in the BIM system is automatically marked in red, and the BIM system generates prompt information for the user to perform maintenance adjustments; When the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal of building area i at time t i When (t)≤thermal effect threshold H1, it indicates that the internal thermal effect of the current building area i is normal, and no adjustment is required to continue monitoring.

9. The intelligent building engineering 3D modeling method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The S5 includes S51 and S52; S51, when the maintenance prompt information is generated through preliminary comparison and evaluation, a sum calculation is performed based on the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal of all building areas in the building, and the overall thermal effect index Ztjk of the building is output to comprehensively analyze the heat load inside the building; The overall thermal effect index Ztjk is calculated and output by the following algorithm formula; In the formula, n represents the total number of building areas; S52, setting an overall thermal effect threshold H2 based on the overall thermal energy standard of the building, and then performing a secondary comparative evaluation on the overall thermal effect threshold H2 and the overall thermal effect index Ztjk, analyzing the overall thermal effect state of the building, and analyzing the timeliness of maintenance based on the evaluation results, the specific evaluation contents are as follows; When the overall thermal effect index Ztjk> the overall thermal effect threshold H2, it means that the overall thermal effect of the building is abnormal. At this time, it is marked as the first abnormal level, and the BIM system prompts the current building area to be maintained within three days; When the overall thermal effect index Ztjk ≥ twice the overall thermal effect threshold H2, it means that the overall thermal effect of the building is abnormal. At this time, it is marked as the second-level abnormality level, and the BIM system prompts immediate maintenance of the current building area; When the overall thermal effect index Ztjk is less than the overall thermal effect threshold H2, it indicates that the overall thermal effect of the building is normal. At this time, for the abnormal building area, the BIM system will prompt the current building area to be maintained within seven days.

10. An intelligent building engineering 3D modeling system, applied to an intelligent building engineering 3D modeling method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It includes 3D modeling acquisition module, data processing module, thermal effect analysis module, building area thermal effect analysis module and maintenance time analysis module; The 3D modeling acquisition module uses a 3D modeling tool to perform 3D modeling on the building, obtains the 3D model of the building, and imports the 3D model of the building into the BIM system. At the same time, an intelligent sensor group is installed inside the building to collect building data in real time, and integrates the building data with the 3D model of the building to simulate the 3D model of the building. The data processing module extracts building data in real time from the BIM system, pre-processes the building data, obtains a standard building data set, and constructs a cloud database, and stores the standard building data set in the cloud database through a wireless network; The thermal effect analysis module constructs a building thermal effect prediction model, which includes a heat exchange efficiency algorithm model, a humidity change algorithm model and an air flow rate algorithm model, extracts a standard building data set, inputs it into the building thermal effect prediction model, and calculates and outputs the heat exchange efficiency Ethe, the humidity impact index Ehum and the ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even respectively; The building area thermal effect analysis module performs comprehensive calculation and outputs a comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal based on the obtained heat exchange efficiency Ethe, humidity impact index Ehum and ventilation efficiency evaluation index Even, sets a thermal effect threshold H1 and the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal for preliminary comparative evaluation, and generates maintenance prompt information based on the evaluation results; After the maintenance timeliness analysis module generates maintenance prompt information through preliminary comparative evaluation, it calculates the overall thermal effect index Ztjk of the building based on the comprehensive thermal effect index Htotal, and performs a secondary comparative evaluation on the preset overall thermal effect threshold H2 and the overall thermal effect index Ztjk of the building to analyze the overall thermal effect status of the building, and then prompts the maintenance execution timeliness based on the evaluation results.

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