Temperature field simulation method for butt welding of aluminum alloy flat plates and related equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a temperature field simulation method and related equipment for butt welding of aluminum alloy flat plates, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out butt joint processing on a first geometric model of a first aluminum alloy flat plate in a preset virtual space and a second geometric model of a second aluminum alloy flat plate in the preset virtual space, and obtaining a butt joint geometric model; aluminum alloy material attributes are given to the butted geometric model, wherein the aluminum alloy material attributes comprise the incidence relation between the thermophysical parameters of the aluminum alloy material and the temperature of the aluminum alloy material; a heat source model in a preset virtual space is controlled to conduct simulated laser welding on the butted geometric models based on the track where the butt joint line of the first geometric model and the second geometric model is located; and in the simulated laser welding process, transient thermal analysis processing is carried out on the butted geometric model based on the attributes of the aluminum alloy material, and simulated temperature field distribution information of the butted geometric model is obtained. According to the method, the temperature field simulation of aluminum alloy flat plate butt welding can be more accurate and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of laser welding technology, and in particular to a temperature field simulation method and related equipment for aluminum alloy flat plate butt welding. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern industry, aluminum alloy materials are widely used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, rail transportation, electronic appliances and other fields due to their excellent physical and mechanical properties, such as low density, high specific strength, good thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance. In these applications, the connection technology of aluminum alloy parts is particularly critical, and laser welding has become the preferred method for aluminum alloy connection due to its advantages of high precision, high speed, small heat-affected zone and small welding deformation.

[0003] When laser butt welding aluminum alloy plates, the high reflectivity and thermal conductivity of the aluminum alloy plates make the transfer and distribution control of laser energy complicated, which can easily lead to uneven welding, defects such as pores and cracks. In order to improve the quality of laser welding of aluminum alloys, it is necessary to accurately control the temperature field during the butt welding of aluminum alloy plates.

[0004] However, in the related art, real experiments are usually used to simulate the temperature field during the butt welding of aluminum alloy plates. This method will make the simulation cost of the temperature field too high, the cycle too long, and not accurate enough. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a temperature field simulation method and related equipment for aluminum alloy flat plate butt welding, aiming to make the temperature field simulation of aluminum alloy flat plate butt welding more accurate and efficient.

[0006] On the one hand, the present application provides a temperature field simulation method for aluminum alloy plate butt welding, the temperature field simulation method for aluminum alloy plate butt welding comprising:

[0007] Acquire a first geometric model of the first aluminum alloy plate in a preset virtual space, and a second geometric model of the second aluminum alloy plate in the preset virtual space;

[0008] Perform docking processing on the first geometric model and the second geometric model to obtain a docked geometric model;

[0009] Assigning aluminum alloy material properties to the post-butt geometric model, wherein the aluminum alloy material properties include a correlation between a thermophysical property parameter of the aluminum alloy material and a temperature of the aluminum alloy material;

[0010] Determining, on the surface of the geometric model after docking, a docking line between the first geometric model and the second geometric model;

[0011] Controlling the heat source model in the preset virtual space to simulate laser welding of the post-butt geometric model based on the trajectory of the butt line;

[0012] In the simulated laser welding process, based on the aluminum alloy material properties, transient thermal analysis is performed on the post-butt joint geometric model to obtain simulated temperature field distribution information of the post-butt joint geometric model.

[0013] In a possible implementation of the present application, in the simulated laser welding process, based on the aluminum alloy material properties, transient thermal analysis is performed on the post-butt geometric model to obtain simulated temperature field distribution information of the post-butt geometric model, including:

[0014] Based on the thermophysical property parameters of the butt-jointed geometric model at a first simulation time point in the simulated laser welding process, a transient thermal analysis process is performed on the butt-jointed geometric model to obtain a first simulated temperature field of the butt-jointed geometric model at the first simulation time point;

[0015] In the first simulated temperature field, determining first simulated temperatures at a plurality of locations in the post-docking geometric model;

[0016] In the aluminum alloy material properties, the thermophysical property parameters associated with the temperature of the aluminum alloy material being the first simulation temperature are determined, and used as the thermophysical property parameters of the corresponding position in the post-butt geometric model at a second simulation time point in the simulated laser welding process, wherein the second simulation time point is a simulation time point next to the first simulation time point;

[0017] Based on the thermophysical property parameters of the corresponding position in the post-docking geometric model at the second simulation time point, the post-docking geometric model is subjected to transient thermal analysis to obtain a second simulated temperature field of the post-docking geometric model at the second simulation time point, and the simulated temperature field distribution information includes the first simulated temperature field and the second simulated temperature field.

[0018] In a possible implementation of the present application, the heat source model is generated by the following steps:

[0019] Obtaining the laser welding power and laser welding moving speed of the laser welding heat source;

[0020] The laser welding power and the laser welding moving speed are substituted into the Gaussian rotating body heat source function of the laser welding heat source to obtain the heat source model.

[0021] In a possible implementation of the present application, the laser welding power and the laser welding moving speed are substituted into the Gaussian rotating body heat source function of the laser welding heat source to obtain the heat source model, including:

[0022] Obtaining the heat absorption rate of the aluminum alloy material;

[0023] The heat absorption rate, the laser welding power and the laser welding moving speed are substituted into the Gaussian rotating body heat source function of the laser welding heat source to obtain the heat source model.

[0024] In a possible implementation of the present application, it is characterized in that, in the simulated laser welding process, before the transient thermal analysis processing is performed on the post-butting geometric model based on the aluminum alloy material properties, it also includes:

[0025] A specified simulation environment temperature is assigned to the preset virtual space, so that transient thermal analysis processing is performed on the post-docking geometric model based on the aluminum alloy material properties at the simulation environment temperature.

[0026] In a possible implementation of the present application, the transient thermal analysis processing is performed based on a finite element analysis technique, wherein the finite element analysis technique includes a finite element solution of a mesh unit, and in the simulated laser welding process, based on the aluminum alloy material properties, the transient thermal analysis processing is performed on the butt-jointed geometric model, and before obtaining the simulated temperature field distribution information of the butt-jointed geometric model, the method further includes:

[0027] The butt-jointed geometric model is meshed to obtain a plurality of mesh units, wherein the butt-jointed geometric model includes a first region having a weld and a second region not having the weld, a density of the mesh units in the first region is greater than a density of the mesh units in the second region, and the butt-jointed line at least partially overlaps with the weld.

[0028] In a possible implementation of the present application, the post-butt-jointing geometric model also includes a third area without the weld, and the distance between the third area and the weld is greater than the distance between the second area and the weld, and the density of the grid units in the second area is greater than the density of the grid units in the third area.

[0029] On the other hand, the present application provides a temperature field simulation system for aluminum alloy plate butt welding, and the temperature field simulation system for aluminum alloy plate butt welding includes:

[0030] A model determination unit, configured to obtain a first geometric model of the first aluminum alloy plate in a preset virtual space, and a second geometric model of the second aluminum alloy plate in the preset virtual space;

[0031] A model docking unit, used for docking the first geometric model with the second geometric model to obtain a docked geometric model;

[0032] An attribute assigning unit, used for assigning aluminum alloy material attributes to the post-butt geometric model, wherein the aluminum alloy material attributes include a correlation between a thermophysical property parameter of the aluminum alloy material and a temperature of the aluminum alloy material;

[0033] A docking line determining unit, used for determining a docking line between the first geometric model and the second geometric model on the surface of the docked geometric model;

[0034] A simulation welding unit, used for controlling the heat source model in the preset virtual space to perform simulated laser welding on the butted geometric model based on the trajectory of the butt joint line;

[0035] The thermal analysis unit is used to perform transient thermal analysis on the post-butt joint geometric model based on the aluminum alloy material properties during the simulated laser welding process to obtain simulated temperature field distribution information of the post-butt joint geometric model.

[0036] On the other hand, the present application also provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0037] one or more processors;

[0038] Memory; and

[0039] One or more applications, wherein the one or more applications are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor to implement the above-mentioned temperature field simulation method for aluminum alloy plate butt welding.

[0040] On the other hand, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program is loaded by a processor to execute the steps in the above-mentioned temperature field simulation method for aluminum alloy plate butt welding.

[0041] The embodiments of the present application provide a temperature field simulation method and related equipment for butt welding of aluminum alloy plates, and the method includes: obtaining a first geometric model of a first aluminum alloy plate in a preset virtual space, and a second geometric model of a second aluminum alloy plate in a preset virtual space; performing a butt-joining process on the first geometric model and the second geometric model to obtain a butt-joined geometric model; assigning aluminum alloy material properties to the butt-joined geometric model, and the aluminum alloy material properties include the correlation between the thermophysical property parameters of the aluminum alloy material and the temperature of the aluminum alloy material; determining a butt-joining line between the first geometric model and the second geometric model on the surface of the butt-joined geometric model; controlling a heat source model in the preset virtual space to simulate laser welding of the butt-joined geometric model based on the trajectory of the butt-joining line; in the simulated laser welding process, performing transient thermal analysis on the butt-joined geometric model based on the aluminum alloy material properties to obtain simulated temperature field distribution information of the butt-joined geometric model. The embodiment of the present application establishes a post-butt-welding geometric model of a first aluminum alloy plate and a second aluminum alloy plate when they are butt-welded in a preset virtual space, controls the heat source model in the preset virtual space based on the trajectory of the butt-welding line, and simulates laser welding on the post-butt-welding geometric model to facilitate transient thermal analysis of the post-butt-welding geometric model. It also considers changes in the thermophysical properties of the aluminum alloy material with the temperature of the aluminum alloy material, thereby obtaining more accurate simulated temperature field distribution information of the post-butt-welding geometric model, making the temperature field simulation of the aluminum alloy plate butt welding more accurate and efficient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a temperature field simulation method for aluminum alloy flat plate butt welding provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of mesh division of the geometric model after docking provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a simulated temperature field on the surface of a geometric model after docking provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of another simulated temperature field on the surface of the geometric model after docking provided in the embodiment of the present application

[0047] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of a temperature field simulation system for aluminum alloy plate butt welding provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of an electronic device provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0049] in, Figure 3 and Figure 4 It is a color map, which uses different colors to represent different simulated temperatures in the simulated temperature field. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0051] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0052] In this application, the term "in some embodiments of the present application" is used to mean "used as an example, illustration or description". Any embodiment described in this application as "in some embodiments of the present application" is not necessarily to be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments. The following description is given to enable any technician in the field to implement and use the present application. In the following description, details are listed for the purpose of explanation. It should be understood that a person of ordinary skill in the art can recognize that the present application can be implemented without using these specific details. Therefore, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is consistent with the widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed in the present application.

[0053] The control of temperature field is very important for avoiding welding defects and ensuring the mechanical properties of welded joints. Therefore, it is necessary to simulate the temperature field during aluminum alloy plate butt welding to guide the actual aluminum alloy plate butt welding production, thereby optimizing the process parameters of aluminum alloy plate butt welding, predicting welding defects and improving welding quality. To this end, the present application embodiment provides a temperature field simulation method and related equipment for aluminum alloy plate butt welding, which are described in detail below.

[0054] First, a temperature field simulation method for aluminum alloy plate butt welding provided in an embodiment of the present application is introduced.

[0055] In the embodiment of the temperature field simulation method for aluminum alloy flat plate butt welding of the present application, a temperature field simulation system for aluminum alloy flat plate butt welding is used as the execution body. For the sake of simplicity and ease of description, this execution body will be omitted in the subsequent method embodiments.

[0056] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 The present invention provides a flow chart of an embodiment of a method for simulating a temperature field for butt welding of aluminum alloy plates. The method for simulating a temperature field for butt welding of aluminum alloy plates includes:

[0057] 101. Obtain a first geometric model of a first aluminum alloy plate in a preset virtual space, and a second geometric model of a second aluminum alloy plate in the preset virtual space.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present application, the first aluminum alloy plate and the second aluminum alloy plate are two aluminum alloy plates that need to be butt-welded. The first geometric model of the first aluminum alloy plate in the preset virtual space and the second geometric model of the second aluminum alloy plate in the preset virtual space can be created using simulation software. The preset virtual space can be a virtual space provided in the simulation software, and the simulation software can be, for example, Workbench.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present application, the first geometric model and the second geometric model are both three-dimensional models, and the first geometric model is consistent with the first aluminum alloy plate in the real space in structure and size, and the second geometric model is consistent with the second aluminum alloy plate in the real space in structure and size to ensure the accuracy of the temperature field simulation results.

[0060] 102. Perform docking processing on the first geometric model and the second geometric model to obtain a docked geometric model;

[0061] In the embodiment of the present application, since butt welding is required between the first aluminum alloy plate and the second aluminum alloy plate, the first geometric model and the second geometric model need to be butt-welded to obtain a butt-welded geometric model. Figure 2 As shown in , since the geometric model after docking is formed by splicing the first geometric model and the second geometric model, Figure 2 Different grayscales are used to display the first geometric model and the second geometric model, so as to distinguish the first geometric model from the second geometric model.

[0062] In an embodiment of the present application, when the first geometric model and the second geometric model are docked, it is necessary to set the surfaces for splicing in the first geometric model and the second geometric model so that the simulation software can fit the surfaces for splicing in the first geometric model and the second geometric model together when the first geometric model and the second geometric model are docked to obtain the docked geometric model.

[0063] 103. The aluminum alloy material properties are assigned to the geometric model after docking. The aluminum alloy material properties include the correlation between the thermophysical parameters of the aluminum alloy material and the temperature of the aluminum alloy material.

[0064] In the embodiment of the present application, in order to ensure that the physical properties of the geometric model after docking in the preset virtual space are consistent with the physical properties of the aluminum alloy material in the real space, the aluminum alloy material properties can be assigned to the geometric model after docking. The aluminum alloy material properties include the correlation between the thermophysical parameters of the aluminum alloy material and the temperature of the aluminum alloy material, wherein the thermophysical parameters refer to physical parameters related to heat exchange, for example, at least one of density, thermal conductivity, and specific heat capacity.

[0065] The correlation between the thermophysical parameters of the aluminum alloy material and the temperature of the aluminum alloy material can be obtained through preliminary experiments. For example, the temperature of the aluminum alloy material can be controlled, and the thermophysical parameters of the aluminum alloy material at different temperatures can be tested to obtain the correlation between the thermophysical parameters and the temperature of the aluminum alloy material. The correlation is shown in Table 1 below, which shows the density, thermal conductivity, and specific heat capacity of the aluminum alloy material when the temperature is 25, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, and 800°C.

[0066] Table 1

[0067]

[0068] 104. Determine a docking line between the first geometric model and the second geometric model on the surface of the docked geometric model.

[0069] In the embodiments of the present application, the butt joint line between the first geometric model and the second geometric model refers to a line on the surface of the butted geometric model used to divide the first geometric model and the second geometric model. When butt welding is performed on the butted geometric model, simulated laser welding needs to be performed along the butt joint line to connect the first geometric model and the second geometric model to form a whole.

[0070] 105. The heat source model in the preset virtual space is controlled to simulate laser welding of the geometric model after docking based on the trajectory of the docking line.

[0071] In the embodiments of the present application, the heat source model refers to the energy source for laser welding in the preset virtual space. In order to simulate the temperature field during laser welding, the heat source model can be generated in the preset virtual space, and then the heat source model is controlled to simulate laser welding of the post-butt geometric model based on the trajectory of the butt line, so as to simulate the butt welding of the first aluminum alloy plate and the second aluminum alloy plate in the real space.

[0072] In some embodiments of the present application, in order to accurately simulate the action of the laser welding heat source in the real space during laser welding, the heat source model is generated by the following steps: obtaining the laser welding power and the laser welding moving speed of the laser welding heat source, the laser welding power and the laser welding moving speed can be set by relevant personnel based on actual needs, so it can be suitable for simulating the laser welding process under different laser welding powers and laser welding moving speeds; substituting the laser welding power and the laser welding moving speed into the Gaussian rotator heat source function of the laser welding heat source to obtain the heat source model. Among them, the heat source model is determined according to the laser welding power and the laser welding moving speed of the laser welding heat source, that is, when at least one of the laser welding power and the laser welding moving speed is different, the heat source model is also different.

[0073] In some embodiments of the present application, substituting the laser welding power and the laser welding moving speed into the Gaussian rotator heat source function of the laser welding heat source to obtain the heat source model may include: obtaining the heat absorption rate of the aluminum alloy material; substituting the heat absorption rate, the laser welding power and the laser welding moving speed into the Gaussian rotator heat source function of the laser welding heat source (for example, the product of the heat absorption rate and the laser welding power and the laser welding moving speed may be substituted into the Gaussian rotator heat source function of the laser welding heat source) to obtain the heat source model. The heat source model is determined according to the laser welding power, the laser welding moving speed and the heat absorption rate of the laser welding heat source, that is, when at least one of the laser welding power, the laser welding moving speed and the heat absorption rate is different, the heat source model is also different.

[0074] In a further embodiment, the heat source model may also be determined based on at least one of the laser radius and the heat source height of the laser welding heat source. For example, the heat source function of the Gaussian rotating body may specifically be:

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] Among them, e is the natural base; R 0 is the laser radius of the laser welding heat source, c sis the heat energy concentration coefficient, H is the heat source height of the laser welding heat source; A is the heat absorption rate of the aluminum alloy material (for example, the value can be 0.55), P is the laser welding power of the laser welding heat source, x, y, z are the three-dimensional coordinates of the laser welding heat source, and the three-dimensional coordinates change with the current time point t. The amplitude of a single change is the product of the laser welding moving speed and the unit time length.

[0078] 106. In the simulated laser welding process, based on the material properties of aluminum alloy, transient thermal analysis is performed on the geometric model after docking to obtain the simulated temperature field distribution information of the geometric model after docking.

[0079] In an embodiment of the present application, transient thermal analysis processing refers to an analysis method for calculating the temperature field of a post-docking geometric model in a preset virtual space that changes with time. Transient thermal analysis processing can be implemented based on the above-mentioned simulation software, and its specific principles are not described in detail here. The simulated temperature field distribution information of the post-docking geometric model may include the simulated temperature fields of the post-docking geometric model at multiple different simulation time points, for example, it may include the first simulated temperature field of the post-docking geometric model at the first simulation time point, the second simulated temperature field of the post-docking geometric model at the second simulation time point, etc. The second simulation time point is the next simulation time point of the first simulation time point. Therefore, based on the simulated temperature field distribution information, it can be known that the simulated temperature fields of the post-docking geometric model at multiple different simulation time points (for example Figure 3 and Figure 4 The simulation is performed to analyze the changes in the maximum temperature, heat-affected zone, and molten pool morphology during laser welding, so as to guide the actual production of aluminum alloy flat butt welding. The total simulation time can be, for example, 0.1 second to 10 seconds, and the time step can be, for example, 0.001 second to 0.1 second.

[0080] It can be understood that in step 106, specifically in the preset virtual space, the heat source model is controlled based on the trajectory of the docking line to simulate the laser welding of the docked geometric model. During the simulation, the temperature of the docked geometric model will change under the influence of the heat of the heat source model, thereby changing the thermophysical parameters of the docked geometric model. Therefore, the material properties can be used to take into account this change in the thermophysical parameters of the docked geometric model, so that the transient thermal analysis processing will also be based on the changed thermophysical parameters of the docked geometric model, so that the simulation of the laser welding temperature field can be more accurate.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present application, step 106 may include: based on the thermophysical property parameters of the butt-jointed geometric model at the first simulation time point in the simulated laser welding process, performing transient thermal analysis on the butt-jointed geometric model to obtain a first simulated temperature field of the butt-jointed geometric model at the first simulation time point; since the simulated temperatures of various positions in the butt-jointed geometric model are recorded in the first simulated temperature field, the first simulated temperatures of multiple positions in the butt-jointed geometric model can be determined in the first simulated temperature field; in the aluminum alloy material properties, determining the thermophysical property parameters associated with the temperature of the aluminum alloy material when the temperature is the first simulation temperature, and using them as the thermophysical property parameters of the corresponding positions in the butt-jointed geometric model at the second simulation time point in the simulated laser welding process; based on the thermophysical property parameters of the corresponding positions in the butt-jointed geometric model at the second simulation time point, performing transient thermal analysis on the butt-jointed geometric model to obtain a second simulated temperature field of the butt-jointed geometric model at the second simulation time point, so as to comprehensively consider the thermophysical property parameters of the butt-jointed geometric model at different simulation time points and obtain a more accurate second simulated temperature field of the butt-joined geometric model at the second simulation time point.

[0082] In some embodiments of the present application, before step 106, it may also include: assigning a specified simulated ambient temperature (e.g., 22°C) to the preset virtual space, so as to perform transient thermal analysis on the post-joint geometric model based on the aluminum alloy material properties at the simulated ambient temperature, that is, when performing transient thermal analysis, the ambient temperature of laser welding is also taken into account. For example, after assigning a specified simulated ambient temperature to the preset virtual space, it may also include: determining, in the aluminum alloy material properties, the thermophysical parameters associated with the temperature of the aluminum alloy material when the simulated ambient temperature is used as the initial thermophysical parameters of the post-joint geometric model. Taking the first simulation time point as the initial simulation time point of simulating laser welding as an example, the initial thermophysical parameters of the post-joint geometric model are the thermophysical parameters of the post-joint geometric model at the first simulation time point.

[0083] In some embodiments of the present application, transient thermal analysis processing is performed based on the finite element analysis technology in the simulation software, that is, transient thermal analysis processing is performed by finite element analysis technology. Finite element analysis refers to replacing complex problems with simpler problems and then solving them. It regards the solution domain as consisting of many small interconnected subdomains (i.e., grid cells) called finite elements, assumes a suitable (simpler) approximate solution for each subdomain, and then derives the total satisfaction conditions (such as heat balance conditions) for solving this domain, thereby obtaining the solution to the problem (i.e., the simulated temperature field of the geometric model after docking). Because the actual problem is replaced by a simpler problem, this solution is not an accurate solution, but an approximate solution. Since most actual problems are difficult to obtain accurate solutions, and finite elements not only have high calculation accuracy, but can also adapt to various complex shapes, thus becoming an effective engineering analysis method. Therefore, before performing transient thermal analysis processing, it is also necessary to divide the geometric model after docking into multiple grid cells to facilitate finite element analysis.

[0084] In some embodiments of the present application, before step 106, the following may be included: meshing the geometric model after docking to obtain a plurality of mesh units. For example, some of the mesh units after meshing are Figure 2 As shown in , the lighter colored part of the geometric model after butt welding corresponds to the first geometric model, and the darker colored part of the geometric model after butt welding corresponds to the second geometric model. Since the focus of laser welding is the quality of the weld, the first area with the weld and the second area without the weld in the geometric model after butt welding can be determined, and when meshing, the density of the mesh units in the first area is controlled to be greater than the density of the mesh units in the second area, so as to ensure that the first area with the weld can be subjected to a more refined finite element analysis, while the second area without the weld can be subjected to a more rough finite element analysis, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the temperature field simulation of the aluminum alloy plate butt welding, while reducing the unnecessary amount of calculation in the finite element analysis, so that the temperature field simulation of the aluminum alloy plate butt welding is more accurate and efficient. Wherein, the above-mentioned butt welding line at least partially overlaps with the weld, so as to weld the first geometric model and the second geometric model into a whole by butt welding.

[0085] Among them, in the step of controlling the density of the grid units in the first region to be greater than the density of the grid units in the second region, this can be achieved by controlling at least one of the length, width, and area of ​​the grid units in the first region to be smaller than at least one of the corresponding length, width, and area of ​​the grid units in the second region. For example, the grid units in the first region can be divided into finer areas, while the grid units in the second region can be divided into coarser areas.

[0086] In some embodiments of the present application, in order to make the temperature field simulation of aluminum alloy plate butt welding more accurate and efficient, the butt-jointed geometric model also includes a third region without a weld, and the distance between the third region and the weld is greater than the distance between the second region and the weld (that is, the third region is farther away from the weld than the second region, for example, the second region may be between the first region and the third region). The density of the grid cells in the second region is greater than the density of the grid cells in the third region, so that the density of the grid cells in different regions gradually decreases as the distance from the weld increases, that is, when the butt-jointed geometric model is meshed, a transitional grid is used, which decreases step by step as the distance from the weld increases.

[0087] The temperature field simulation method for aluminum alloy flat plate butt welding provided in the embodiment of the present application establishes a post-butt geometric model when the first aluminum alloy flat plate and the second aluminum alloy flat plate are butt-welded in a preset virtual space, controls the heat source model in the preset virtual space based on the trajectory of the butt line, and simulates laser welding on the post-butt geometric model, so as to facilitate transient thermal analysis of the post-butt geometric model, and also considers the change of the thermophysical parameters of the aluminum alloy material with the temperature of the aluminum alloy material, so as to obtain more accurate simulated temperature field distribution information of the post-butt geometric model, making the temperature field simulation of aluminum alloy flat plate butt welding more accurate and efficient. In addition, by predicting the temperature at different positions of the post-butt geometric model, the operation is simple and convenient, which greatly reduces the experimental time and cost, and provides theoretical guidance and technical support for accurately understanding the distribution law of the temperature field of aluminum alloy flat plate butt welding, controlling the quality and performance of butt welding.

[0088] The following is an example of a temperature field simulation method for aluminum alloy plate butt welding provided in an embodiment of the present application, which may specifically include the following steps:

[0089] (1) Establishment of geometric model after docking

[0090] In the simulation software Workbench, the first geometric model of the first aluminum alloy plate and the second geometric model of the second aluminum alloy plate during the laser welding process were established, and the sizes were set to 60×30×2mm (first geometric model) and 60×30×2mm (second geometric model). The first geometric model and the second geometric model were docked and combined into a new combination to obtain the docked geometric model.

[0091] (2) Setting of aluminum alloy material properties

[0092] In the simulation software Workbench, add a new material named aluminum alloy, and set the density, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity and melting point of the aluminum alloy material at different temperatures according to Table 1 above, and assign the aluminum alloy material properties to the geometric model after docking.

[0093] (3) Grid division

[0094] Reference Figure 2 , select the geometry model after docking, set the unit size to 2mm, and then select the height ( Figure 2 Select the edge line in the Z-axis direction in the XY plane, set the unit size to 0.5mm, then select the edge line parallel to the weld in the XY plane, set the unit size to 0.6mm, then select the edge line perpendicular to the weld in the XY plane, set the unit size to 2mm, and select offset, set the offset factor to 5, and the number of mesh elements and mesh nodes after division is 12400 and 60743 respectively.

[0095] (4) Establishment of heat source model

[0096] Select the parameters of the Gaussian rotating body heat source function: the laser radius of the laser welding heat source is 0.001mm, the heat absorption rate of the aluminum alloy material is 0.45, the heat source height of the laser welding heat source is 0.002mm, the laser welding power of the laser welding heat source is 1200W, and the laser welding moving speed is 30mm / s. At this time, the formula of the heat source model is:

[0097]

[0098] Where t is the simulation time point of laser welding.

[0099] (5) Setting of simulated ambient temperature

[0100] A specified simulated environment temperature is assigned to the preset virtual space, and the simulated environment temperature may be 22°C.

[0101] (6) The total time of simulated laser welding is set to 2 seconds and the time step is 0.01 seconds. Then transient thermal analysis is performed to obtain the simulated temperature field distribution information of the geometric model after docking. Figure 3 The simulated temperature field of the surface of the geometric model after docking at a certain simulation time point is shown. It can be seen that the highest temperature of the surface of the geometric model after docking is 1266°C. Figure 4 The simulated temperature field on the surface of the geometric model after docking at another simulation time point is shown.

[0102] It can be seen that the temperature field simulation method for aluminum alloy flat plate butt welding provided in the embodiment of the present application predicts the temperature distribution during the aluminum alloy flat plate butt welding process through accurate numerical simulation, so as to optimize the process of aluminum alloy flat plate butt welding and ensure the welding quality. The method uses finite element analysis technology to establish a three-dimensional transient temperature field model of aluminum alloy flat plate butt welding, which comprehensively considers the thermal physical phenomena of aluminum alloy material properties and butt welding process. By introducing the Gaussian rotating body heat source model to simulate the energy input of the laser beam to the welding area, the simulated environmental parameters (such as ambient temperature, thermal convection and thermal radiation conditions) during the butt welding process are set, and detailed meshing and transient thermal analysis are performed. The simulation results can be used to analyze the key parameters such as temperature field distribution, maximum temperature, heat affected zone, etc. during butt welding, which is simple and convenient to operate, greatly reducing the experimental time and cost. In addition, the method is suitable for aluminum alloy laser butt welding of different thicknesses and alloy compositions, and can effectively predict the defects that may occur during aluminum alloy flat plate butt welding, and has a wide range of industrial application prospects.

[0103] In order to better implement the temperature field simulation method for aluminum alloy plate butt welding in the embodiment of the present application, based on the temperature field simulation method for aluminum alloy plate butt welding, the embodiment of the present application also provides a temperature field simulation system for aluminum alloy plate butt welding, such as Figure 5 As shown, the temperature field simulation system 500 for aluminum alloy plate butt welding includes:

[0104] A model determination unit 501 is used to obtain a first geometric model of the first aluminum alloy plate in a preset virtual space and a second geometric model of the second aluminum alloy plate in the preset virtual space;

[0105] A model docking unit 502 is used to dock the first geometric model with the second geometric model to obtain a docked geometric model;

[0106] The attribute assigning unit 503 is used to assign aluminum alloy material attributes to the geometric model after docking, and the aluminum alloy material attributes include the correlation between the thermophysical property parameters of the aluminum alloy material and the temperature of the aluminum alloy material;

[0107] A docking line determining unit 504, configured to determine a docking line between the first geometric model and the second geometric model on the surface of the docked geometric model;

[0108] The simulation welding unit 505 is used to control the heat source model in the preset virtual space to simulate laser welding on the butted geometric model based on the trajectory of the butt joint line;

[0109] The thermal analysis unit 506 is used to perform transient thermal analysis on the post-butt joint geometric model based on the aluminum alloy material properties during the simulated laser welding process to obtain simulated temperature field distribution information of the post-butt joint geometric model.

[0110] The temperature field simulation system for butt welding of aluminum alloy plates provided in the embodiment of the present application establishes a post-butt welding geometric model of a first aluminum alloy plate and a second aluminum alloy plate when butt welding is performed in a preset virtual space, controls the heat source model in the preset virtual space based on the trajectory of the butt line, and simulates laser welding on the post-butt welding geometric model to facilitate transient thermal analysis of the post-butt welding geometric model. It also considers changes in the thermophysical properties of the aluminum alloy material with the temperature of the aluminum alloy material, thereby obtaining more accurate simulated temperature field distribution information of the post-butt welding geometric model, making the temperature field simulation of the butt welding of aluminum alloy plates more accurate and efficient.

[0111] In some embodiments of the present application, the thermal analysis unit 506 is further used to:

[0112] Based on the thermophysical property parameters of the butt-jointed geometric model at the first simulation time point in the simulated laser welding process, a transient thermal analysis process is performed on the butt-jointed geometric model to obtain a first simulated temperature field of the butt-jointed geometric model at the first simulation time point;

[0113] In the first simulated temperature field, determining first simulated temperatures at multiple locations in the post-docked geometric model;

[0114] In the aluminum alloy material properties, the thermophysical parameters associated with the temperature of the aluminum alloy material being the first simulation temperature are determined, and used as the thermophysical parameters of the corresponding position in the geometric model after docking at the second simulation time point in the simulated laser welding process, wherein the second simulation time point is the next simulation time point of the first simulation time point;

[0115] Based on the thermophysical property parameters of the corresponding position in the docked geometric model at the second simulation time point, the docked geometric model is subjected to transient thermal analysis to obtain a second simulated temperature field of the docked geometric model at the second simulation time point, and the simulated temperature field distribution information includes the first simulated temperature field and the second simulated temperature field.

[0116] In some embodiments of the present application, the model determination unit 501 is further configured to:

[0117] Obtaining the laser welding power and laser welding moving speed of the laser welding heat source;

[0118] The laser welding power and laser welding moving speed are substituted into the Gaussian rotating body heat source function of the laser welding heat source to obtain the heat source model.

[0119] In some embodiments of the present application, the model determination unit 501 is further configured to:

[0120] Obtain the heat absorption rate of aluminum alloy materials;

[0121] The heat absorption rate, laser welding power and laser welding moving speed are substituted into the Gaussian rotating body heat source function of the laser welding heat source to obtain the heat source model.

[0122] In some embodiments of the present application, the simulated welding unit 505 is further used for:

[0123] The preset virtual space is given a specified simulation environment temperature, so that transient thermal analysis can be performed on the geometric model after docking based on the material properties of the aluminum alloy at the simulation environment temperature.

[0124] In some embodiments of the present application, the thermal analysis unit 506 is further used to:

[0125] The butt-jointed geometric model is meshed to obtain a plurality of mesh units, wherein the butt-jointed geometric model includes a first region having a weld and a second region not having a weld, a density of mesh units in the first region is greater than a density of mesh units in the second region, and the butt-jointed line at least partially overlaps with the weld.

[0126] In addition to the temperature field simulation method for aluminum alloy plate butt welding and the temperature field simulation system for aluminum alloy plate butt welding described above, the embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, which integrates any one of the temperature field simulation systems for aluminum alloy plate butt welding provided in the embodiment of the present application, and the electronic device includes:

[0127] one or more processors;

[0128] Memory; and

[0129] One or more applications, wherein the one or more applications are stored in a memory and are configured to execute, by a processor, any step in any embodiment of the above-mentioned temperature field simulation method for aluminum alloy plate butt welding.

[0130] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 6 As shown, it shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device involved in the embodiment of the present application, specifically:

[0131] The electronic device may include components such as a processor 601 with one or more processing cores, a storage unit 602 with one or more computer-readable storage media, a power supply 603, and an input unit 604. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that Figure 6The electronic device structure shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device, and may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently.

[0132] The processor 601 is the control center of the electronic device. It uses various interfaces and lines to connect various parts of the entire electronic device. By running or executing software programs and / or modules stored in the storage unit 602 and calling data stored in the storage unit 602, it executes various functions of the electronic device and processes data, thereby monitoring the electronic device as a whole. Optionally, the processor 601 may include one or more processing cores; preferably, the processor 601 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly processes the operating system, user interface, and application programs, and the modem processor mainly processes wireless communications. It is understandable that the above-mentioned modem processor may not be integrated into the processor 601.

[0133] The storage unit 602 can be used to store software programs and modules. The processor 601 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the software programs and modules stored in the storage unit 602. The storage unit 602 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, an application required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), etc.; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the electronic device, etc. In addition, the storage unit 602 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage devices. Accordingly, the storage unit 602 may also include a memory controller to provide the processor 601 with access to the storage unit 602.

[0134] The electronic device also includes a power supply 603 for supplying power to each component. Preferably, the power supply 603 can be logically connected to the processor 601 through a power management system, so as to manage charging, discharging, power consumption and other functions through the power management system. The power supply 603 can also include one or more DC or AC power supplies, recharging systems, power failure detection circuits, power converters or inverters, power status indicators and other arbitrary components.

[0135] The electronic device may further include an input unit 604, which may be used to receive input digital or character information and generate keyboard, mouse, joystick, optical or trackball signal input related to user settings and function control.

[0136] Although not shown, the electronic device may further include a display unit, etc., which will not be described in detail herein. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the processor 601 in the electronic device will load the executable file corresponding to the process of one or more application programs into the storage unit 602 according to the following instructions, and the processor 601 will run the application program stored in the storage unit 602, thereby realizing various functions, such as:

[0137] A first geometric model of a first aluminum alloy plate in a preset virtual space and a second geometric model of a second aluminum alloy plate in a preset virtual space are obtained; the first geometric model and the second geometric model are docked to obtain a docked geometric model; aluminum alloy material properties are assigned to the docked geometric model, and the aluminum alloy material properties include the correlation between the thermophysical parameters of the aluminum alloy material and the temperature of the aluminum alloy material; a docking line between the first geometric model and the second geometric model is determined on the surface of the docked geometric model; a heat source model in the preset virtual space is controlled to simulate laser welding of the docked geometric model based on the trajectory of the docking line; in the simulated laser welding process, transient thermal analysis is performed on the docked geometric model based on the aluminum alloy material properties to obtain simulated temperature field distribution information of the docked geometric model.

[0138] To this end, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may include: a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a disk or an optical disk, etc. The computer-readable storage medium stores a plurality of instructions, which can be loaded by a processor to execute the steps in any one of the temperature field simulation methods for aluminum alloy plate butt welding provided in the embodiment of the present application. For example, the instruction can execute the following steps:

[0139] A first geometric model of a first aluminum alloy plate in a preset virtual space and a second geometric model of a second aluminum alloy plate in a preset virtual space are obtained; the first geometric model and the second geometric model are docked to obtain a docked geometric model; aluminum alloy material properties are assigned to the docked geometric model, and the aluminum alloy material properties include the correlation between the thermophysical parameters of the aluminum alloy material and the temperature of the aluminum alloy material; a docking line between the first geometric model and the second geometric model is determined on the surface of the docked geometric model; a heat source model in the preset virtual space is controlled to simulate laser welding of the docked geometric model based on the trajectory of the docking line; in the simulated laser welding process, transient thermal analysis is performed on the docked geometric model based on the aluminum alloy material properties to obtain simulated temperature field distribution information of the docked geometric model.

[0140] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0141] The above is a detailed introduction to a temperature field simulation method and related equipment for aluminum alloy plate butt welding provided in an embodiment of the present application. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea; at the same time, for technical personnel in this field, according to the idea of ​​the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. A temperature field simulation method for aluminum alloy plate butt welding, characterized in that: The temperature field simulation method for aluminum alloy flat plate butt welding comprises: Acquire a first geometric model of the first aluminum alloy plate in a preset virtual space, and a second geometric model of the second aluminum alloy plate in the preset virtual space; Perform docking processing on the first geometric model and the second geometric model to obtain a docked geometric model; Assigning aluminum alloy material properties to the post-butt geometric model, wherein the aluminum alloy material properties include a correlation between a thermophysical property parameter of the aluminum alloy material and a temperature of the aluminum alloy material; Determining, on the surface of the geometric model after docking, a docking line between the first geometric model and the second geometric model; Controlling the heat source model in the preset virtual space to simulate laser welding of the post-butt geometric model based on the trajectory of the butt line; In the simulated laser welding process, based on the aluminum alloy material properties, transient thermal analysis is performed on the post-butt joint geometric model to obtain simulated temperature field distribution information of the post-butt joint geometric model.

2. The temperature field simulation method for aluminum alloy flat plate butt welding according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the simulated laser welding process, based on the aluminum alloy material properties, transient thermal analysis is performed on the butted geometric model to obtain simulated temperature field distribution information of the butted geometric model, including: Based on the thermophysical property parameters of the butt-jointed geometric model at a first simulation time point in the simulated laser welding process, a transient thermal analysis process is performed on the butt-jointed geometric model to obtain a first simulated temperature field of the butt-jointed geometric model at the first simulation time point; In the first simulated temperature field, determining first simulated temperatures at a plurality of locations in the post-docking geometric model; In the aluminum alloy material properties, the thermophysical property parameters associated with the temperature of the aluminum alloy material being the first simulation temperature are determined, and used as the thermophysical property parameters of the corresponding position in the post-butt geometric model at a second simulation time point in the simulated laser welding process, wherein the second simulation time point is a simulation time point next to the first simulation time point; Based on the thermophysical property parameters of the corresponding position in the post-docking geometric model at the second simulation time point, the post-docking geometric model is subjected to transient thermal analysis to obtain a second simulated temperature field of the post-docking geometric model at the second simulation time point, and the simulated temperature field distribution information includes the first simulated temperature field and the second simulated temperature field.

3. The temperature field simulation method for aluminum alloy flat plate butt welding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat source model is generated by the following steps: Obtaining the laser welding power and laser welding moving speed of the laser welding heat source; The laser welding power and the laser welding moving speed are substituted into the Gaussian rotating body heat source function of the laser welding heat source to obtain the heat source model.

4. The temperature field simulation method for aluminum alloy flat plate butt welding according to claim 3, characterized in that: Substituting the laser welding power and the laser welding moving speed into the Gaussian rotating body heat source function of the laser welding heat source to obtain the heat source model includes: Obtaining the heat absorption rate of the aluminum alloy material; The heat absorption rate, the laser welding power and the laser welding moving speed are substituted into the Gaussian rotating body heat source function of the laser welding heat source to obtain the heat source model.

5. The temperature field simulation method for aluminum alloy flat plate butt welding according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: In the simulated laser welding process, before the transient thermal analysis process is performed on the post-butting geometric model based on the aluminum alloy material properties, the method further includes: A specified simulation environment temperature is assigned to the preset virtual space, so that transient thermal analysis processing is performed on the post-docking geometric model based on the aluminum alloy material properties at the simulation environment temperature.

6. The temperature field simulation method for aluminum alloy flat plate butt welding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transient thermal analysis process is performed based on the finite element analysis technology, which includes finite element solution of the grid unit. In the simulated laser welding process, based on the aluminum alloy material properties, the transient thermal analysis process is performed on the post-butt geometric model, and before obtaining the simulated temperature field distribution information of the post-butt geometric model, the process also includes: The butt-jointed geometric model is meshed to obtain a plurality of mesh units, wherein the butt-jointed geometric model includes a first region having a weld and a second region not having the weld, a density of the mesh units in the first region is greater than a density of the mesh units in the second region, and the butt-jointed line at least partially overlaps with the weld.

7. The temperature field simulation method for aluminum alloy flat plate butt welding according to claim 6, characterized in that: The post-butt-jointing geometric model also includes a third region without the weld, and the distance between the third region and the weld is greater than the distance between the second region and the weld, and the density of the grid cells in the second region is greater than the density of the grid cells in the third region.

8. A temperature field simulation system for aluminum alloy plate butt welding, characterized in that: The temperature field simulation system for aluminum alloy plate butt welding comprises: A model determination unit, configured to obtain a first geometric model of the first aluminum alloy plate in a preset virtual space, and a second geometric model of the second aluminum alloy plate in the preset virtual space; A model docking unit, used for docking the first geometric model with the second geometric model to obtain a docked geometric model; An attribute assigning unit, used for assigning aluminum alloy material attributes to the post-butt geometric model, wherein the aluminum alloy material attributes include a correlation between a thermophysical property parameter of the aluminum alloy material and a temperature of the aluminum alloy material; A docking line determining unit, used for determining a docking line between the first geometric model and the second geometric model on the surface of the docked geometric model; A simulation welding unit, used for controlling the heat source model in the preset virtual space to perform simulated laser welding on the butted geometric model based on the trajectory of the butt joint line; The thermal analysis unit is used to perform transient thermal analysis on the post-butt joint geometric model based on the aluminum alloy material properties during the simulated laser welding process to obtain simulated temperature field distribution information of the post-butt joint geometric model.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises: one or more processors; Memory; and One or more applications, wherein the one or more applications are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor to implement the temperature field simulation method for aluminum alloy flat plate butt welding according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: A computer program is stored thereon, and the computer program is loaded by a processor to execute the steps in the temperature field simulation method for aluminum alloy flat plate butt welding as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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