Signal conditioning unit and card reader device

Abstract

This specification discloses a signal conditioning unit and a card reader device. The solution includes a coil antenna and a load circuit including a capacitor. One end of the coil antenna is connected to one end of the load circuit, and the other end of the coil antenna is connected to the other end of the load circuit. The coil antenna and the load circuit form a resonant circuit. The resonant circuit is used to influence the quality factor of the card reader device, causing the quality factor of the card reader device to conform to or deviate from a preset quality factor. The preset quality factor is the preset operating quality factor of the card reader device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of contactless communication technology, and in particular to a signal conditioning unit and a card reader device. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing adoption of contactless communication technology, a variety of contactless communication devices have emerged. Because contactless communication devices use the same or similar communication principles, interference can occur when multiple devices are present. For example, near-field communication (NFC) is a widely used NFC technology. Currently, in the payment market, there are UnionPay NFC payment devices, such as POS terminals, as well as NFC card readers such as public transportation card readers. Meanwhile, user terminals such as mobile phones also serve as carriers of NFC technology, operating in either active or passive NFC modes. NFC devices are diverse. For example, a cash register may contain multiple NFC-enabled devices. However, due to their varying designs and required standards, some devices transmit strong signals, others transmit weak signals, and some operate in passive mode. When these devices are placed together, they can interfere with each other, preventing contactless communication such as NFC from being completed.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a solution that can adjust the card reader device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of this specification provide a signal conditioning unit and a card reader device to solve the signal interference problem or the low recognition rate problem existing in the existing contactless communication.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of this specification are implemented as follows.

[0006] The embodiments of this specification provide a signal conditioning unit, which is applied to a card reader device and includes:

[0007] a coil antenna and a load circuit including a capacitive element;

[0008] One end of the coil antenna is connected to one end of the load circuit, and the other end of the coil antenna is connected to the other end of the load circuit;

[0009] The coil antenna and the load circuit are used to form a resonant circuit;

[0010] The resonant circuit is used to influence the quality factor of the card reader device so that the quality factor of the card reader device meets or deviates from a preset quality factor; the preset quality factor is a preset operating quality factor of the card reader device.

[0011] An embodiment of this specification provides a card reader device, including the above-mentioned signal adjustment unit.

[0012] At least one embodiment of this specification can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0013] Embodiments of this specification provide a signal conditioning unit capable of influencing a radiated signal from a card reader device. The signal conditioning unit may include a coil antenna and a load circuit including a capacitor. The resonant circuit comprising the coil antenna and the load circuit can be used to influence the quality factor of the card reader device, either causing the quality factor of the card reader device to conform to a preset quality factor or causing the quality factor of the card reader device to deviate from the preset quality factor, thereby enhancing or weakening the radiated signal from the card reader device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a signal conditioning unit provided in an embodiment of this specification;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a signal conditioning unit provided in an embodiment of this specification;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a signal conditioning unit provided in an embodiment of this specification;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a signal conditioning unit provided in an embodiment of this specification;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a signal conditioning unit provided in an embodiment of this specification;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of a signal conditioning unit provided in an embodiment of this specification;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of a signal conditioning unit provided in an embodiment of this specification;

[0022] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of a signal conditioning unit provided in an embodiment of this specification;

[0023] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of a signal conditioning unit provided in an embodiment of this specification. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of one or more embodiments of this specification more clear, the technical solutions of one or more embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the specific embodiments of this specification and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this specification, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of one or more embodiments of this specification.

[0025] The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a thorough understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without violating the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific implementations disclosed below.

[0026] The terms used in one or more embodiments of the present application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit one or more embodiments of the present application. The singular forms "a", "said" and "the" used in one or more embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used in one or more embodiments of the present application refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items. It should be understood that although the terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various information in one or more embodiments of the present application, these information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments of the present application, the first may also be referred to as the second, and similarly, the second may also be referred to as the first. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein can be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determination".

[0027] First, the terms involved in one or more embodiments of the present application are explained.

[0028] Contactless communication refers to technology that transmits information without direct physical contact. It uses electromagnetic waves or other wireless signals to transmit and communicate data, avoiding the security risks associated with physical contact. The core principle of contactless communication is the use of radio waves or other electromagnetic waves to transmit information. The electromagnetic signal generated by the sender is received and decoded by the receiver, completing the data transmission. Common contactless communication technologies include near-field communication (NFC), radio frequency identification (RFID), and wireless charging.

[0029] RFID (Radio Frequency Identification): RFID uses contactless data communication between a reader and a tag to identify the target. RFID comes in different frequency types, including low frequency, high frequency, and ultra-high frequency.

[0030] NFC (Near Field Communication) is a short-range wireless communication technology that enables near-field communication between two devices, enabling data transmission, writing, and reading. It is typically used at a high frequency of 13.56 MHz. NFC is based on RFID radio frequency identification technology and can be considered a subset of RFID or a special form of RFID.

[0031] NFC technology mainly includes three communication modes: Reader / Writer Mode, Card Emulation Mode, and Peer-to-Peer Mode.

[0032] Reader / Writer Mode is a common operating mode, similar to barcode or QR code scanning. In this mode, an NFC device can read or write information to an NFC tag or device containing an NFC tag. For example, in a payment scenario, a mobile phone can be in reader / writer mode to obtain payment information from a payment device and make a payment. A device in this mode is called a card reader.

[0033] In Card Emulation Mode, an NFC device emulates a smart card, allowing it to function as a payment card, access card, or other card types. The device can interact with existing contactless infrastructure, such as point-of-sale (POS) terminals or access control systems. For example, a mobile phone can be used as a bank card for payment at a store, as an access card at a business or residential complex, or as a transit card for public transportation. A device in this mode is referred to as a slave.

[0034] Peer-to-Peer Mode: In this mode, two NFC devices can exchange data. Both devices must be active and capable of sending and receiving data. This mode is primarily used for file transfer, social networking, and interactive gaming. For example, NFC allows for quick pairing with Bluetooth or Wi-Fi connections to transfer files or photos. Another example is the ability to exchange business cards, contact information, or social media links by tapping two phones together. Another example is the ability to swap characters or share items in multiplayer games.

[0035] An NFC tag is a small electronic chip with a built-in antenna that can communicate with NFC-enabled devices (such as smartphones) over short distances using radio waves. These tags are usually very thin and can be embedded in various items such as posters, business cards, product packaging, and equipment.

[0036] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this specification are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a signal conditioning unit provided in the embodiment of this specification. Figure 1 As shown, the signal conditioning unit may include a coil antenna 102 and a load circuit 104. The coil antenna 102 may be an antenna including a metal coil, and the load circuit 104 may be a circuit including a capacitor. One end of the coil antenna 102 is connected to one end of the load circuit 104, and the other end of the coil antenna 102 is connected to the other end of the load circuit 104, thereby forming a resonant circuit including the coil antenna 102 and the load circuit 104.

[0038] A card reader device for contactless communication, such as an access control device, a gate machine, a POS machine, a mobile phone, a smart watch and other terminals can be used as a card reader device to perform contactless communication with a corresponding tag device. In the embodiment of this specification, the resonant circuit including the coil antenna 102 and the load circuit 104 can be used to adjust the radiation power of the card reader device, such as enhancing the power of the card reader device to improve the communication function, or reducing the power of the card reader to reduce the signal interference of the card reader device to other contactless communication devices. Among them, the resonant circuit can affect the quality factor of the card reader device, so that the quality factor of the card reader device meets or deviates from the preset quality factor. The preset quality factor can be the preset working quality factor of the card reader device, or it can be expressed as the standard quality factor of the card reader device. The specific value of the preset quality factor may vary according to the model or function of different card reader devices, and can be set according to actual needs.

[0039] The quality factor (Q) is a measure of the quality or resonant capability of a resonant circuit, revealing the conflicting relationship between a resonant circuit's passband and selectivity. A larger Q value indicates a narrower passband, better selectivity, and stronger rejection of non-signal errors. Conversely, a smaller Q value indicates a wider passband, weaker rejection, and poorer selectivity, but the bandwidth allows for more signals, minimizing signal loss and reducing signal distortion.

[0040] In practical applications, appropriate quality data can be selected to meet the needs of the communication scenario. For example, in NFC near-field communication scenarios, the Q factor can be set to around 30, allowing the card reader device to communicate using a 13.56MHz RF signal while maintaining a certain level of communication efficiency. The quality factor can be interpreted or calculated based on dimensions such as energy, power, voltage, circuit parameters, and bandwidth. For details, please refer to the relevant technical introduction and will not be elaborated here.

[0041] As an implementation manner, the preset working quality factor may be 30, or may be a value or a value range of about 30, such as 30±2%.

[0042] In practical applications, if multiple or diverse contactless communication devices are placed at a cash register, such as UnionPay cash registers, membership card readers, e-wallet readers, and other card readers operating in active mode, or payment devices acting as NFC tags, the card reader at the cash register continuously transmits card-seeking signals, potentially causing tags operating in the same frequency band to respond to the signals and send feedback. This can lead to erroneous responses from the tags, causing interference, or prevent the tags from sending low-power card detection (LPCD) wake-up messages, impacting the wake-up of mobile phones and other card readers, thus affecting communication efficiency. For example, when a user brings a mobile phone or other terminal near a cash register or card reader, the phone or other terminal switches to card emulation mode, preventing the phone or other device from activating reader mode to communicate with the tag. Furthermore, some card readers may use metal covers to block signals, which can affect RF signal transmission and communication efficiency.

[0043] Figure 1The signal conditioning unit in the device can influence the strength of the card reader's radiated signal. The resonant circuit, including the coil antenna and the load circuit, can be used to influence the card reader's quality factor, causing it to conform to a preset quality factor. This can enhance the card reader's radiated signal, increase transmission power, and save energy. Alternatively, the resonant circuit of the signal conditioning unit can cause the card reader's quality factor to deviate from the preset quality factor, weakening the card reader's radiated signal and reducing crosstalk between different devices.

[0044] On the other hand, the signal conditioning unit provided in the embodiments of this specification does not need to add additional power supply and other related circuits, uses simple circuits and coils, has low cost, does not affect other performance of the device, and is highly practical.

[0045] It should be understood that the connection order of at least some of the components of the signal conditioning unit described in one or more embodiments of this specification can be interchanged or adjusted according to actual needs, or some of the components can be omitted or deleted.

[0046] based on Figure 1 The signal conditioning unit of this specification also provides some specific implementation plans, which are described below.

[0047] The quality factor is a dimensionless physical value used to measure the performance of an electronic device or resonant circuit. It measures the loss of an electronic device or resonant circuit and represents the ratio of stored energy to energy lost during a cycle. Factors influencing the quality factor include resonant frequency, equivalent resistance, equivalent capacitance, and equivalent inductance.

[0048] In the embodiments of this specification, the quality factor of the card reader device can be affected by setting or adjusting the resonant frequency of the signal conditioning unit. As an embodiment, if the resonant circuit is used to ensure that the quality factor of the card reader device meets a preset quality factor, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit is equal to the operating resonant frequency of the card reader device.

[0049] The operating resonant frequency of the card reader device can represent the frequency band in which the card reader device operates, such as the 13.56 MHz frequency band. In the embodiments of this specification, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit can also represent the resonant frequency of the signal conditioning unit. This resonant frequency, being equal to the operating resonant frequency of the card reader device, can increase the transmission power of the card reader device and save energy.

[0050] In this specification, the signal conditioning unit can be applied to a card reader device. The quality factor of the card reader device under the influence of the signal conditioning unit can be the quality factor under the joint action of the signal conditioning unit and the card reader device. The card reader device and the signal conditioning unit can be subjected to circuit equivalent calculation to determine the specific value.

[0051] As a calculation method, the quality factor ; Wherein, R can represent the equivalent resistance value of the signal conditioning unit and the card reader device under the action of the signal conditioning unit, L can represent the equivalent inductance value of the signal conditioning unit and the card reader device under the action of the signal conditioning unit, and C can represent the equivalent capacitance value of the signal conditioning unit and the card reader device under the action of the signal conditioning unit.

[0052] In actual applications, the inductance, capacitance, and resistance values ​​of the card reader device itself can be determined based on the card reader's product specifications or through testing. Furthermore, the inductance, capacitance, and resistance values ​​of the signal conditioning unit can be determined based on a preset quality factor based on the equivalent circuit of the signal conditioning unit and the card reader device. The parameters or connection relationships of the various components in the signal conditioning unit can be determined. The specific parameters of the signal conditioning unit can be set based on actual needs and are not specifically limited here.

[0053] Similarly, the parameters or connection relationships of the various components of a signal conditioning unit for deviating from a preset quality factor can also be determined based on the relationship in the above formula. This signal conditioning unit can be used to reduce the power of the card reader device. The specific values ​​of the equivalent resistance, equivalent inductance, and equivalent capacitance can be calculated based on the various components and connection relationships included in the signal conditioning unit and the card reader device. For details, please refer to the relevant technical introduction and will not be repeated here.

[0054] As a calculation method, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit of the signal conditioning unit ;in, Indicates the inductance value of the resonant circuit, which can also be expressed by the equivalent inductance value; It represents the capacitance value of the resonant circuit and can also be expressed as an equivalent capacitance value.

[0055] As an embodiment, the resonant frequency of the signal conditioning circuit can be equal to the operating resonant frequency of the card reader device, and under the influence of the signal circuit, the quality factor of the card reader device meets the preset quality factor. The signal conditioning circuit can be used to increase the radiation power of the card reader device.

[0056] As another embodiment, the resonant frequency of the signal conditioning circuit can be greater than or less than the operating resonant frequency of the card reader device, or, under the influence of the signal circuit, the quality factor of the card reader device meets the preset quality factor, and the signal conditioning circuit can be used to reduce the radiation power of the card reader device.

[0057] Taking the NFC radio frequency operating at 13.56MHz as an example, if the signal conditioning unit is used to increase the power of the card reader device, the relationship between the capacitance and inductance of the signal conditioning unit can be determined based on the above formula for calculating the resonant frequency and setting the resonant frequency to 13.56MHz. The parameter values ​​of the capacitance, inductance, and resistance of the signal conditioning unit can also be determined by combining the above formula for calculating the quality factor with the parameter values ​​of the capacitance, inductance, and resistance of the card reader device itself.

[0058] In practical applications, if the quality factor of a card reader device is lower or higher than a preset quality factor due to the signal conditioning unit, the card reader device's radiated power or transmitted power can be reduced, minimizing interference with other devices. The specific parameters of the signal conditioning unit can be determined based on the quality factor calculation formula and the card reader device's own parameter information.

[0059] If the signal conditioning unit is used to reduce the power of the card reader device, the resonant frequency of the signal conditioning unit may be disregarded, and the parameter value of the signal conditioning unit may be determined based on the quality factor. Of course, the resonant frequency of the signal conditioning unit may also be considered. For example, if the resonant frequency of the signal conditioning unit is equal to the operating resonant frequency of the card reader device, and the quality factor of the card reader device under the influence of the signal conditioning unit is less than or greater than a preset quality factor, the signal conditioning unit may also be used to reduce the power of the card reader device. For another example, if the resonant frequency of the signal conditioning unit is greater than or less than the operating resonant frequency of the card reader device, and the quality factor of the card reader device under the influence of the signal conditioning unit is less than or greater than a preset quality factor, the signal conditioning unit may also be used to reduce the power of the card reader device.

[0060] In order to more effectively adjust the radiation signal of the card reader device, the coil antenna of the signal adjustment unit can be matched with the antenna of the card reader device. For example, the shape, size, etc. of the coil antenna of the signal adjustment unit can be the same as or similar to the antenna of the card reader device, so that the coupling between the signal adjustment unit and the card reader device is strong. For example, the antenna of the card reader device is a rectangular coil, and the coil antenna of the signal adjustment unit can also be a rectangular coil, and the length, width, etc. of the two can also be the same or similar. The material of the coil antenna of the signal adjustment unit can also be the same as that of the antenna in a conventional NFC card or card reader device, or other materials that can form a resonant circuit can be used, which is not specifically limited here.

[0061] In practical applications, the signal conditioning unit can be fixed to the surface of the card reader device. For example, the signal conditioning unit can be located in the contactless communication area of ​​the card reader device, such as the card attachment area of ​​the card reader device. The signal conditioning unit can be fixed to the surface of the card reader device by means of non-punching methods such as pasting, card slot fixing, and adsorption, without the need to modify the card reader device. Alternatively, it can be fixed to the surface of the card reader device by means of punching methods such as screws and rivets. Alternatively, the signal conditioning unit can also be fixed inside the card reader device. For example, the signal conditioning unit can be located near the contactless communication circuit portion of the card reader device. Alternatively, the signal conditioning unit can also be integrated into the card reader device.

[0062] In actual applications, the signal conditioning unit can also be set separately from the card reader device. For example, the signal conditioning unit can be located on the desktop of a card reader device such as a cashier counter, and the card reader device can be placed on the desktop. For handheld card reader devices such as POS machines, when not in use, the cashier or operator can place the POS machine on a desktop containing a signal conditioning unit. If the signal conditioning unit is a circuit unit for reducing radiation power, when the card reader device is located on the desktop, the signal conditioning unit can weaken the radiation power of the card reader device, thereby reducing the signal interference of the card reader device to other devices. When the cashier or operator uses the card reader device to perform business such as collecting money, picking up the card reader device from the desktop can restore the original power of the card reader device, allowing normal communication and processing of business.

[0063] When the signal conditioning unit is applied to a card reader device, the coil antenna of the signal conditioning unit can be placed corresponding to the antenna coil of the card reader device, such as the center lines of the two coils coincide or are close, or the coil antenna of the signal conditioning unit and the antenna coil of the card reader device are placed coincidentally, etc., which is conducive to the signal conditioning unit to adjust the card reader device more effectively.

[0064] To facilitate the use of the signal conditioning unit, a control component may be provided for controlling whether the signal conditioning unit is operational, allowing the signal conditioning unit to be in an operational or inoperable state, thereby more accurately affecting the card reader device. In one embodiment, the signal conditioning unit further includes a first switching element; the first switching element is located between the coil antenna and the load circuit and is used to control whether the signal conditioning unit is in an operational state.

[0065] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of a signal conditioning unit provided in the embodiment of this specification. Figure 2As shown, the signal conditioning circuit may include a first switching element K1. One end s1 of the first switching element K1 is connected to one end of the coil antenna 102, and the other end is connected to one end of the load circuit 104, and is connected in series between the coil antenna 102 and the load circuit 104. When the first switching element K1 is in the on state, the circuit of the signal conditioning unit can be in a conductive state, indicating that the signal conditioning unit is in an operational state and can affect the card reader device. When the first switching element K1 is in the off state, the circuit of the signal conditioning unit can be in an open state, indicating that the signal conditioning unit is in an inoperative state and cannot affect the card reader device.

[0066] In practical applications, the first switch element can be a mechanical switch element that can be manually operated. For example, a manual switch can be included on the exterior of the signal conditioning unit or within the card reader device to control whether the signal conditioning unit affects the card reader device. Alternatively, the first switch element can be a switch element that is automatically triggered based on factors such as light source or pressure.

[0067] In one embodiment, the first switching element includes a photosensitive switching element.

[0068] The photosensitive switch element may include at least one of a photoresistor, a photodiode, a phototransistor, a photothyristor, an integrated digital light sensor, and the like.

[0069] In practical applications, the signal conditioning unit can be placed in the contactless communication area of ​​the card reader device, such as the area used for identification with the corresponding tag or tag device. As an embodiment, if the signal conditioning unit can reduce the power of the card reader device, when there is no tag or tag device close to or attached to the identification area of ​​the card reader device, the light intensity is strong, the photosensitivity switch element can be in the on state, and the signal conditioning unit can reduce the power of the card reader device. In the process of the tag or tag device close to or attached to the identification area of ​​the card reader device, the light near the photosensitivity switch is blocked by the tag or tag device, the photosensitivity switch element can be switched to the off state, the signal conditioning unit can have no effect on the card reader device, can ensure the normal use of the card reader device, and can also reduce the interference of the card reader device to other devices.

[0070] As another embodiment, if the signal conditioning unit can increase the power of the card reader device, when no tag entity or tag device is near or attached to the recognition area of ​​the card reader device, the photosensor element can be in the off state, and the signal conditioning unit does not increase the power of the card reader device. When the tag or tag device is near or attached to the recognition area of ​​the card reader device, the photosensor element can be in the on state, and the signal conditioning unit can affect the card reader device to increase the power of the card reader device, which is beneficial to improving the operating efficiency of the card reader device and preventing the card reader device from continuously emitting strong signals and interfering with other devices.

[0071] In practical applications, the state of the photosensor can be set according to actual needs. For example, a normally open photosensor can be turned on when the light is strong and turned off when the light is weak. A normally closed photosensor can be turned on when the light is weak and turned off when the light is strong.

[0072] The signal conditioning unit may also include an MCU microcontroller unit for controlling the on / off state of the first switch element. The MCU microcontroller unit can be communicatively connected to a tag device near a card reader device. If the card reader device and the tag device are located close to each other, the card reader device continuously sends a card detection signal, and the tag device can determine that the card detection signal is an interference signal. After determining that an interference signal exists, the tag device can send an instruction to the MCU microcontroller unit, causing the MCU microcontroller unit to control the signal conditioning unit to operate, reduce the power of the card reader device, and reduce interference with the tag device.

[0073] The tag device may display or issue a prompt message indicating the presence of interference, such as voice, warning sound, text prompt, etc. If the card reader device or the signal conditioning unit has a manual switch for starting the signal conditioning unit, the staff can also manually start the signal conditioning unit.

[0074] A tag device can refer to a device that communicates with a card reader and can contain tag information. For example, in an NFC-based payment scenario, a payment device that provides payment information can interact with a mobile phone as a card reader to complete the payment.

[0075] The embodiments of this specification also provide various circuit structures of signal conditioning circuits. In practical applications, a suitable circuit structure can be selected according to actual needs. The various circuit structures are introduced below.

[0076] Optionally, in the embodiments of this specification, the capacitor element may include a first capacitor element, and the load circuit may further include a first inductor element. The first inductor element may be connected in series with the coil antenna, and the first capacitor element may be connected in parallel with the coil antenna.

[0077] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of a signal conditioning unit provided in the embodiment of this specification. Figure 3 As shown, the load circuit 104 may include a first inductor L1 and a first capacitor C1. One end a1 of the first inductor L1 may be connected to one end A of the coil antenna 102, one end a2 of the first inductor L1 may be connected to one end b1 of the first capacitor C1, and the other end b2 of the first capacitor C1 may be connected to one end B of the coil antenna 102.

[0078] In practical applications, the first inductor element L1 and the first capacitive element C1 may also be connected in parallel with the coil antenna 102 .

[0079] The signal conditioning circuit may have one state or multiple states. In one embodiment, the first inductor element L1 may be an element with a fixed inductance value, and the signal conditioning circuit may have one operating state. The signal conditioning circuit may be used to increase or decrease the power of the card reader device.

[0080] If the signal conditioning unit also includes the above-mentioned first switching element, the first switching element can be connected in series between the first inductance element and the coil antenna, or in series between the first inductance element and the first capacitance element, or in series between the first capacitance element and the coil antenna. The specific position can be set according to actual needs and is not limited here.

[0081] Optionally, in the embodiments of this specification, the capacitive element may include a second capacitive element; the second capacitive element may be connected in parallel with the coil antenna.

[0082] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of a signal conditioning unit provided in the embodiment of this specification. Figure 4 As shown, the load circuit 104 may include a second capacitive element C2. One end c1 of the second capacitive element C2 may be connected to one end A of the coil antenna 102, and the other end c2 of the second capacitive element C2 may be connected to the other end B of the coil antenna 102. The coil antenna 102 may represent an inductive device, and the second capacitive element C2 and the coil antenna 102 may be used to form a resonant circuit.

[0083] The second capacitive element may be an element with a fixed capacitance value, the signal conditioning circuit may have an operating state, and the signal conditioning circuit may be used to increase the power of the card reader device or reduce the power of the card reader device.

[0084] If the signal conditioning unit further includes the first switching element, the first switching element may be connected in series between the second capacitive element and the coil antenna.

[0085] Optionally, in the embodiments of this specification, the load circuit may include a third capacitive element and a first resistive element. The third capacitive element may be connected in parallel with the coil antenna; and the first resistive element may be connected in parallel with the third capacitive element.

[0086] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of a signal conditioning unit provided in the embodiment of this specification. Figure 5 As shown, the load circuit 104 may include a third capacitive element C3 and a first resistive element R1 , wherein one end d1 of the third capacitive element C3 may be connected to one end A of the coil antenna 102 , and the other end d2 may be connected to the other end B of the coil antenna 102 .

[0087] The first resistive element R1 may be an element with resistive properties, such as a resistor, a light bulb, an electric heater, a motor, etc.

[0088] As an embodiment, the first resistive element R1 can also be connected in series with the coil antenna. For example, one end e1 of the first resistive element R1 is connected to one end A of the coil antenna 102, and the other end e2 is connected to one end d1 of the third capacitive element C3, and the other end d2 of the third capacitive element C3 is connected to the other end B of the coil antenna 102.

[0089] The first resistive element or the third capacitive element may be an element with a fixed resistance value or a fixed capacitance value, the signal conditioning circuit may have an operating state, and the signal conditioning circuit may be used to increase the power of the card reader device or reduce the power of the card reader device.

[0090] If the signal conditioning unit further includes the first switching element, the first switching element can be connected in series between the third capacitor and the coil antenna. For example, one end of the first switching element can be connected to one end A of the coil antenna 102, and the other end can be connected to one end d1 of the third capacitor C3.

[0091] In practical applications, the resonant circuit of the signal conditioning unit may also have an adjustable inductor or capacitor, so that the signal conditioning unit can have at least two states.

[0092] Optionally, the signal conditioning unit may further include a state control component, the first inductance element may include an adjustable inductance element, and the state control component may be connected to the first control end of the adjustable inductance element to control the inductance value of the adjustable inductance element so that the adjustable inductance element can be in a first state of a first inductance value or the adjustable inductance can be in a second state of a second inductance value.

[0093] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of a signal conditioning unit provided in the embodiment of this specification. Figure 6 As shown, the first inductor element L1 may include an adjustable inductor element. Figure 3 As shown in the connection relationship, the first control terminal a3 of the adjustable inductor element can be connected to the state control component 106, so that the state control component 106 can be used to adjust the inductance value of the adjustable inductor element in the circuit.

[0094] By adjusting the inductance of the adjustable inductor in the circuit, the resonant circuit in the signal conditioning unit can be used to adjust the quality factor of the card reader device to or from a preset quality factor. In one embodiment, in the first state, the resonant circuit can be used to adjust the quality factor of the card reader device to the preset quality factor; alternatively, in the second state, the resonant circuit can be used to adjust the quality factor of the card reader device to deviate from the preset quality factor.

[0095] Assuming that in a first state, the adjustable inductor element has a first inductance value, the resonant frequency of the signal conditioning unit is equal to the operating frequency of the card reader device, such as 13.56 MHz, and the quality factor of the card reader device based on the signal conditioning unit is equal to a preset quality factor, such as a Q value of 30. The signal conditioning unit and the card reader device are highly coupled, which can improve transmission efficiency and, in turn, increase transmission power and save energy. Assuming that in a second state, the adjustable inductor element has a second inductance value, which is greater than the first inductance value, and with other component parameters unchanged, the resonant frequency of the signal conditioning unit becomes lower than the operating frequency of the card reader device, such as 11.12 MHz. This reduces the coupling between the signal conditioning unit and the card reader device, and, under the influence of the signal conditioning unit, reduces the radiated power of the card reader device, thereby reducing interference from the card reader device to other devices. From the perspective of quality factor, the increase in the inductance value of the signal conditioning unit is equivalent to a decrease in the equivalent inductance value between the signal conditioning unit and the card reader device, which reduces the quality factor of the card reader device under the influence of the signal conditioning unit, and also reduces the radiation power of the card reader device and reduces the interference of the card reader device to other devices.

[0096] Of course, the first inductance value may also be greater than the second inductance value. The specific inductance value can be set according to actual needs and is not specifically limited here.

[0097] In practical applications, if the signal conditioning unit is a unit used to increase the power of a card reader device, the resonant circuit in both the first and second states can be used to increase the power of the card reader device, but the power of the card reader device can be increased to varying degrees, similar to multi-speed adjustment. For example, when the adjustable inductance element has a first inductance value, the resonant frequency of the signal conditioning unit conforms to the frequency range of the operating frequency of the card reader device. For example, if the frequency range of the card reader device is 13.56±0.7MHz, the resonant frequency of the signal conditioning unit is 14MHz. Furthermore, when the adjustable inductance element has the first inductance value, the quality factor of the card reader device based on the signal conditioning unit conforms to a preset quality factor range. For example, if the preset quality factor Q value range is 30±1, the quality factor of the card reader device based on the signal conditioning unit is 30.5 when the adjustable inductance element has the first inductance value. Assuming the second inductance value can also be greater than the first inductance value, when the adjustable inductance element is at the second inductance value, the resonant frequency of the signal conditioning unit changes to 13 MHz, which is also within the operating frequency range of the card reader device, and the quality factor changes to 29.8, which is also within the preset quality factor of the card reader device. The power of the card reader device can be increased in both the first and second states.

[0098] Similarly, if the signal conditioning unit is used to reduce the power of the card reader device, the resonant circuit in both the first and second states can be used to reduce the power of the card reader device, but the power of the card reader device can be reduced to varying degrees, similar to multi-level power reduction. The specific logical principles are similar to those described above and will not be repeated here.

[0099] If the signal conditioning unit further includes the aforementioned first switching element, the first switching element can be connected in series between the adjustable inductor element and the coil antenna, or between the first capacitor element and the coil antenna. For example, one end of the first switching element can be connected to end A of the coil antenna 102, and the other end can be connected to end a1 of the adjustable inductor element. Alternatively, one end of the first switching element can be connected to end B of the coil antenna 102, and the other end can be connected to end b2 of the first capacitor element C1.

[0100] The state control component may be a component capable of adjusting the inductance of the adjustable inductor. For example, the state control component may be a component capable of generating a digital signal, such as an envelope detection circuit, a half-wave rectifier circuit, etc. In one embodiment, the state control component may include a digital signal conversion circuit, and an input terminal of the digital signal conversion circuit may be connected to the coil antenna to output a digital level signal.

[0101] The state control component 106 can be connected to the coil antenna 102, and can convert the radio frequency pulse signal sensed by the coil antenna 102 from the card reader device into a digital level signal. The digital level signal can be used to control the inductance value of the adjustable inductor element in the circuit, so that the card reader device can be in the first state or the second state under the influence of the signal adjustment unit.

[0102] As another embodiment, the state control component may include an MCU micro control unit for adjusting the state of the resonant circuit.

[0103] Specifically, if the card reader device meets the signal enhancement condition, the micro control unit controls the resonant circuit to be in a state of enhancing the power of the card reader device; or, if the card reader device meets the signal weakening condition, the micro control unit controls the resonant circuit to be in a state of weakening the power of the card reader device.

[0104] Among them, the signal enhancement conditions include at least one of the following: the card reader device is in working state, other entities exist within the preset range of the card reader device, and the card reader device fails to successfully obtain tag information; the signal weakening conditions include at least one of the following: the card reader device is in idle state or standby state, and the MCU microcontroller unit obtains an adjustment instruction sent by a device serving as an NFC tag; the adjustment instruction is generated after the device serving as an NFC tag senses a radio frequency interference signal.

[0105] The MCU microcontroller unit may store a logic program for adjusting the state of the resonant circuit, for example, the MCU microcontroller unit may store a logic program for adjusting the adjustable inductor.

[0106] For example, when the card reader device is picked up, or detects an object approaching the card reader device, or the card reader device is in a non-standby state or an active state, the MCU microcontroller unit can control the adjustable inductance element to switch to a first state, thereby increasing the transmit power of the card reader device. For another example, when the card reader device is placed down, or detects no object approaching the card reader device, or the card reader device is in a standby state or an idle state, the MCU microcontroller unit can control the adjustable inductance element to switch to a second state, thereby reducing the transmit power of the card reader device and reducing interference from the card reader device to other devices.

[0107] For another example, the MCU microcontroller unit can communicate with other devices. For example, a card reader device and a device serving as an NFC tag are deployed on the same cash register at the same time. Since the card reader device will continuously send a card-seeking signal, if the device serving as the NFC tag is close to the card reader device, the device serving as the NFC tag may respond to the card-seeking signal and generate interference. As an embodiment, the MCU microcontroller unit can communicate with the device serving as the NFC tag. If the device serving as the NFC tag senses a radio frequency interference signal, if the device serving as the NFC tag senses the card-seeking signal continuously within a preset time period, the device serving as the NFC tag can determine that an interference signal exists and can send an instruction to the MCU microcontroller unit for reducing the interference. The MCU microcontroller unit can control the adjustable inductance element to switch to the second state based on the instruction to reduce the power of the card reader device.

[0108] As another embodiment, the state control component may include a manual adjustment element, such as a button or knob, and the state of the resonant circuit may also be manually adjusted. For example, the inductance of an adjustable inductor may be manually adjusted to adjust the power of the card reader device.

[0109] In actual applications, if the MCU microcontroller unit requires a working power supply, a power supply can be set in the signal conditioning unit, or the card reader device can provide power. It can be set according to actual needs and is not limited here.

[0110] In the embodiments of this specification, an adjustable capacitor may be used to enable the signal conditioning unit to have at least two states. Optionally, the signal conditioning unit may further include a state control component; the second capacitor may include an adjustable capacitor; the state control component is connected to the second control terminal of the adjustable capacitor to enable the adjustable capacitor to be in a third state of the first capacitance value or to enable the adjustable capacitor to be in a fourth state of the second capacitance value.

[0111] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of a signal conditioning unit provided in the embodiment of this specification. Figure 7 As shown, the second capacitor C2 may include an adjustable inductor element, in addition to the above Figure 4 As shown in the connection relationship, the second control terminal c3 of the adjustable capacitor element can be connected to the state control component 106, so that the state control component 106 can be used to adjust the capacitance value of the adjustable capacitor element in the circuit.

[0112] If the signal conditioning unit further includes the first switching element, the first switching element can be connected in series between the adjustable capacitor element and the coil antenna. For example, one end of the first switching element can be connected to one end A of the coil antenna 102, and the other end can be connected to one end c1 of the adjustable capacitor element C2.

[0113] By adjusting the capacitance of the adjustable capacitive element in the circuit, the resonant circuit in the signal conditioning unit can be used to adjust the quality factor of the card reader device to or from a preset quality factor. In one embodiment, in the third state, the resonant circuit can be used to adjust the quality factor of the card reader device to the preset quality factor; alternatively, in the fourth state, the resonant circuit can be used to adjust the quality factor of the card reader device to deviate from the preset quality factor.

[0114] Similar to the above-mentioned use of an adjustable inductor element to adjust the state of the load circuit, in this embodiment, different effects on the card reader device can be achieved by adjusting the capacitance value of the load circuit.

[0115] Assuming that in the third state, the adjustable capacitor element has a first capacitance value, the resonant frequency of the signal conditioning unit is equal to the operating frequency of the card reader device, such as 13.56 MHz, and the quality factor of the card reader device based on the signal conditioning unit is equal to a preset quality factor, such as a Q value of 30. The signal conditioning unit and the card reader device are highly coupled, which can improve transmission efficiency, thereby increasing transmission power and saving energy. Assuming that in the fourth state, the adjustable capacitor element has a second inductance value, the second capacitance value is greater than the first capacitance value. With other component parameters unchanged, the resonant frequency of the signal conditioning unit will become lower than the operating frequency of the card reader device, such as changing to 11 MHz. The coupling between the signal conditioning unit and the card reader device is reduced, and under the influence of the signal conditioning unit, the radiation power of the card reader device is reduced, which can reduce the interference of the card reader device on other devices. From the perspective of quality factor, the increase in the capacitance value of the signal conditioning unit is equivalent to a decrease in the equivalent capacitance value between the signal conditioning unit and the card reader device, so that the quality factor of the card reader device increases under the influence of the signal conditioning unit and is greater than the preset quality factor. It will also reduce the radiation power of the card reader device and reduce the interference of the card reader device to other devices.

[0116] Of course, the first capacitance value may also be greater than the second capacitance value. The specific capacitance value can be set according to actual needs and is not specifically limited here.

[0117] If the signal conditioning unit is used to reduce the power of the card reader device, the resonant circuit in both the third and fourth states can be used to reduce the power of the card reader device. Alternatively, if the signal conditioning unit is used to increase the power of the card reader device, the resonant circuit in both the third and fourth states can be used to increase the power of the card reader device. The specific principles are similar to those in the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0118] The state control component in this embodiment can be used to control the capacitance value of the adjustable capacitor. It can be a digital signal conversion circuit or an MCU microcontroller unit. The specific working principle or processing logic can be the same or similar to the state control component in the aforementioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0119] In practical applications, the inductance, capacitance, or resistance of the load circuit can also be adjusted using a controllable switch. Optionally, the signal conditioning unit further includes a state control component. The load circuit further includes a second switching element; the third control terminal of the second switching element is connected to the state control component, and the state control component is used to control the state of the second switching element. The second capacitive element includes a first fixed capacitive element and a second fixed capacitive element; the second switching element is connected in series with the first fixed capacitive element and then in parallel with the second fixed capacitive element; the second fixed capacitive element is connected in parallel with the coil antenna.

[0120] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of a signal conditioning unit provided in the embodiment of this specification. Figure 8 As shown, the load circuit 104 may include a second switching element K2, a first fixed capacitor C21, and a second fixed capacitor C22. One end e1 of the second fixed capacitor C22 may be connected to one end A of the coil antenna, and the other end e2 may be connected to one end B of the coil antenna. One end g1 of the second switching element K2 is connected to one end f2 of the first fixed capacitor C21, and the other end g2 is connected to the other end e2 of the second fixed capacitor C22; the other end f1 of the first fixed capacitor C21 is connected to one end e1 of the second fixed capacitor C22. A third control end g3 of the second switching element K2 is connected to the state control component 106. The state control component 106 is capable of controlling the on / off state of the second switching element K2.

[0121] As an embodiment, when the second switch element is in a closed state, the resonant circuit of the signal adjustment unit can be used to make the quality factor of the card reader device conform to the preset quality factor; when the second switch element is in an open state, the resonant circuit is used to make the quality factor of the card reader device deviate from the preset quality factor.

[0122] For example, when the second switch is in a closed state, the operational elements in the resonant circuit of the signal conditioning unit include a first fixed capacitor, a second fixed capacitor, and a coil antenna. Assuming that in this state, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit is equal to the operating resonant frequency of the card reader device, and under the influence of the signal conditioning unit, the quality factor of the card reader device is equal to a preset quality factor, i.e., when the second switch is in a closed state, the signal conditioning unit can be used to make the quality factor of the card reader device conform to the preset quality factor, thereby increasing the transmission power of the card reader device. When the second switch is switched to an open state, the operational elements in the resonant circuit of the signal conditioning unit include the second fixed capacitor and the coil antenna. Compared to when the second switch is in a closed state, the capacitance value of the resonant circuit decreases, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit becomes greater than the operating resonant frequency of the card reader device, and under the influence of the signal conditioning unit, the quality factor of the card reader device becomes greater than the preset quality factor, exceeding the standard quality factor of the card reader device. i.e., when the second switch is in an open state, the signal conditioning unit can be used to make the quality factor of the card reader device deviate from the preset quality factor, thereby affecting the transmission power of the card reader device.

[0123] As another embodiment, when the second switch element is in the open state, the resonant circuit of the signal adjustment unit can be used to make the quality factor of the card reader device conform to the preset quality factor; when the second switch element is in the closed state, the resonant circuit is used to make the quality factor of the card reader device deviate from the preset quality factor.

[0124] For example, when the second switch is in an open state, the operable elements in the resonant circuit of the signal conditioning unit include the second fixed capacitor and the coil antenna. Assuming that in this state, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit is equal to the operating resonant frequency of the card reader device, and under the influence of the signal conditioning unit, the quality factor of the card reader device is equal to the preset quality factor, i.e., when the second switch is in an open state, the signal conditioning unit can be used to make the quality factor of the card reader device conform to the preset quality factor, thereby increasing the transmission power of the card reader device. After the second switch is switched to a closed state, the operable elements in the resonant circuit of the signal conditioning unit include the first fixed capacitor, the second fixed capacitor, and the coil antenna. Compared to when the second switch is in an open state, the capacitance value of the resonant circuit increases, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit becomes lower than the operating resonant frequency of the card reader device, and under the influence of the signal conditioning unit, the quality factor of the card reader device becomes lower than the preset quality factor, deviating from the standard quality factor of the card reader device. i.e., when the second switch is in a closed state, the signal conditioning unit can be used to make the quality factor of the card reader device deviate from the preset quality factor, thereby affecting the transmission power of the card reader device.

[0125] As another embodiment, if the signal conditioning unit is a unit for reducing the power of the card reader device, the resonant circuit with the second switch element in the open state or the second switch element in the closed state can be used to reduce the power of the card reader device. Alternatively, if the signal conditioning unit is a unit for increasing the power of the card reader device, the resonant circuit with the second switch element in the open state or the second switch element in the closed state can be used to increase the power of the card reader device. The specific principles are similar to those of the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0126] The state control component in this embodiment can be used to control the switching state of the second switching element. It can be a digital signal conversion circuit, or it can be an MCU microcontroller unit. The specific working principle or processing logic can be the same or similar to the state control component in the aforementioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0127] If the signal conditioning unit further includes the first switching element, the first switching element can be connected in series between the second fixed capacitor and the coil antenna. For example, one end of the first switching element can be connected to one end A of the coil antenna 102, and the other end can be connected to the connection point between the second fixed capacitor and the first fixed capacitor.

[0128] In practical applications, a switch can also be used to control the resistance value included in the resonant circuit, thereby enabling the signal conditioning unit to have various effects on the card reader device. Optionally, the signal conditioning unit also includes a state control component. The load circuit also includes a third switching element; the fourth control terminal of the third switching element is connected to the state control component; and the third switching element is connected in series with the first resistive element.

[0129] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of a signal conditioning unit provided in the embodiment of this specification. Figure 9 As shown, the load circuit 104 may include a third switching element K3, a first resistive element R1, and a third capacitive element C3. One end d1 of the third capacitive element C3 may be connected to one end A of the coil antenna 102, and the other end d2 may be connected to the other end B of the coil antenna 102. One end e1 of the first resistive element R1 may intersect with one end d1 of the third capacitive element C3 and one end A of the coil antenna 102 at a point. The other end e2 of the first resistive element R1 may be connected to one end h1 of the third switching element K3. The other end h2 of the third switching element K3 may intersect with the other end d2 of the third capacitive element C3 and the other end B of the coil antenna 102 at a point. A fourth control end of the third switching element K3 is connected to the state control component 106.

[0130] As an embodiment, the third switch element is in an open state, and the resonant circuit of the signal adjustment unit can be used to make the quality factor of the card reader device conform to the preset quality factor; the second switch element is in a closed state, and the resonant circuit is used to make the quality factor of the card reader device deviate from the preset quality factor.

[0131] For example, when the third switch is in an open state, the operational elements in the resonant circuit of the signal conditioning circuit include the coil antenna and the third capacitor. Assuming that in this state, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit is equal to the operating resonant frequency of the card reader device, and under the influence of the signal conditioning unit, the quality factor of the card reader device is equal to the preset quality factor, i.e., when the third switch is in an open state, the signal conditioning unit can be used to make the quality factor of the card reader device conform to the preset quality factor, thereby increasing the transmission power of the card reader device. When the third switch is switched to a closed state, the operational elements in the resonant circuit of the signal conditioning unit include the coil antenna, the third capacitor, and the first resistor. Compared to when the third switch is in an open state, the resistance of the resonant circuit increases, and the first resistor can dissipate energy in the circuit. Under the influence of the signal conditioning unit, the quality factor of the card reader device becomes less than the preset quality factor, deviating from the standard quality factor of the card reader device. i.e., when the third switch is in a closed state, the signal conditioning unit can be used to make the quality factor of the card reader device deviate from the preset quality factor, thereby affecting the transmission power of the card reader device.

[0132] As another embodiment, the third switch element is in a closed state, and the resonant circuit of the signal adjustment unit can be used to make the quality factor of the card reader device conform to the preset quality factor; the second switch element is in an open state, and the resonant circuit is used to make the quality factor of the card reader device deviate from the preset quality factor.

[0133] For example, when the third switch is in a closed state, the operational elements in the resonant circuit of the signal conditioning circuit include the coil antenna, the third capacitive element, and the first resistive element. Assuming that in this state, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit is equal to the operating resonant frequency of the card reader device, and the quality factor of the card reader device under the influence of the signal conditioning unit is equal to the preset quality factor, i.e., when the third switch is in a closed state, the signal conditioning unit can be used to make the quality factor of the card reader device conform to the preset quality factor, thereby increasing the transmit power of the card reader device. When the third switch is switched to an open state, the operational elements in the resonant circuit of the signal conditioning unit include the coil antenna and the third capacitive element. Compared to when the third switch is in an open state, the resistance value of the resonant circuit decreases. Under the influence of the signal conditioning unit, the quality factor of the card reader device becomes greater than the preset quality factor, exceeding the standard quality factor of the card reader device. i.e., when the third switch is in an open state, the signal conditioning unit can be used to make the quality factor of the card reader device deviate from the preset quality factor, thereby affecting the transmit power of the card reader device.

[0134] As another embodiment, if the signal conditioning unit is a unit for reducing the power of the card reader device, the resonant circuit with the third switch element in the open state or the third switch element in the closed state can be used to reduce the power of the card reader device. Alternatively, if the signal conditioning unit is a unit for increasing the power of the card reader device, the resonant circuit with the third switch element in the open state or the third switch element in the closed state can be used to increase the power of the card reader device. The specific principles are similar to those of the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0135] The state control component in this embodiment can be used to control the switching state of the third switching element. It can be a digital signal conversion circuit, or it can be an MCU microcontroller unit. The specific working principle or processing logic can be the same or similar to the state control component in the aforementioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0136] If the signal conditioning unit further includes the first switching element, the first switching element may be connected in series between the third capacitive element and the coil antenna. For example, one end of the first switching element may be connected to end A of the coil antenna 102, and the other end may be connected to the intersection of the third capacitive element and the first resistive element.

[0137] As an embodiment, the first resistive element R1 can be an adjustable resistive element, and the control terminal of the adjustable resistive element can be connected to a state control component, which is used to adjust the resistance value of the adjustable resistive element in the circuit. This embodiment can also realize a signal conditioning unit with multiple states. It is also possible to adjust the resistance value of the resonant circuit of the signal conditioning unit without using a third switching element. The specific logic and principles are the same or similar to those of the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0138] It should be noted that the state control components used in the above embodiments can be the same or identical state control components, or different state control components, as long as they can be used to adjust components such as adjustable inductors, adjustable capacitors or switching elements, and there is no specific limitation here.

[0139] It should be understood that the connection order of some components of the signal conditioning unit described in one or more embodiments of this specification can be adjusted according to actual needs, or some components can be omitted or deleted.

[0140] Based on the same idea, an embodiment of this specification further provides a card reader device including the above-mentioned signal conditioning unit. The card reader device may include the signal conditioning unit described in at least one of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0141] Optionally, the card reader device may include a state adjustment control, which may be connected to the first switch element and / or the state control component in the signal adjustment unit to control the working state of the signal adjustment unit.

[0142] The state adjustment control may be a manually operable control or an automatically operable control, which is not specifically limited here.

[0143] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0144] It can be understood that the above embodiments describe the solutions from multiple perspectives. In actual applications, the contents described in one or more embodiments can be adopted according to actual needs, or multiple embodiments can be superimposed or adjusted and implemented according to actual needs. They will not be described one by one here.

[0145] The components in the various embodiments of this specification are merely functional descriptions, and specific parameters or quantities may be set according to actual needs. For example, an adjustable inductor element may be an inductive component capable of adjusting the inductance value, such as a single adjustable inductor, or a combination of multiple single adjustable inductors, or other inductive components. An adjustable capacitor element may be a capacitive component capable of adjusting the capacitance value, such as a single capacitor, or a combination of one or more single capacitors, or other capacitive components. For another example, the first capacitor element, the second capacitor element, the third capacitor, the fourth capacitor, etc. may be capacitive components, such as capacitors with fixed capacitance values, or capacitors with adjustable capacitance values, specifically single capacitors, or a combination of multiple single capacitors, or other capacitive components. For another example, a switch element may be a mechanical switch or an electronic switch, as long as it can realize the switching function. The specific form, type, and quantity of each electronic component are not limited here, as long as the corresponding function is realized.

[0146] In the 1990s, technological improvements could be clearly distinguished as either hardware improvements (for example, improvements to circuit structures like diodes, transistors, and switches) or software improvements (improvements to process flows). However, with the advancement of technology, many process flow improvements can now be considered direct improvements to hardware circuit structures. Designers almost always create the corresponding hardware circuit structure by programming the improved process flow into the hardware circuit. Therefore, it cannot be said that a process flow improvement cannot be implemented using physical hardware modules. For example, a programmable logic device (PLD), such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA), is an integrated circuit whose logical function is determined by user programming. Designers can "integrate" a digital system on a PLD by programming it themselves, without having to hire a chip manufacturer to design and manufacture a dedicated integrated circuit chip. Moreover, nowadays, instead of manually fabricating integrated circuit chips, this programming is mostly performed using software called a "logic compiler." This is similar to the software compilers used during program development. Before compilation, the original code must be written in a specific programming language, called a Hardware Description Language (HDL). There are many types of HDL, including ABEL (Advanced Boolean Expression Language), AHDL (Altera Hardware Description Language), Confluence, CUPL (Cornell University Programming Language), HDCal, JHDL (Java Hardware Description Language), Lava, Lola, MyHDL, PALASM, and RHDL (Ruby Hardware Description Language). Currently, the most commonly used are VHDL (Very-High-Speed ​​Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language) and Verilog. Those skilled in the art will also understand that simply by programming a method flow in one of these hardware description languages ​​and then programming it into an integrated circuit, a hardware circuit that implements the logic method flow can be easily obtained.

[0147] The controller can be implemented in any suitable manner. For example, the controller can take the form of a microprocessor or processor and a computer-readable medium storing computer-readable program code (e.g., software or firmware) executable by the (micro)processor, logic gates, switches, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic controller, and an embedded microcontroller. Examples of controllers include, but are not limited to, the following microcontrollers: ARC 625D, Atmel AT91SAM, Microchip PIC18F26K20, and Silicone Labs C8051F320. The memory controller can also be implemented as part of the memory control logic. Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that, in addition to implementing the controller purely in computer-readable program code, the controller can also be implemented in the form of logic gates, switches, an application-specific integrated circuit, a programmable logic controller, an embedded microcontroller, etc. by logically programming the method steps. Therefore, such a controller can be considered a hardware component, and the means for implementing the various functions included therein can also be considered as structures within the hardware component. Alternatively, the means for implementing the various functions can be considered both a software module implementing the method and a structure within the hardware component.

[0148] The systems, devices, modules, or units described in the above embodiments may be implemented by computer chips or entities, or by products having certain functions. A typical implementation device is a computer. Specifically, the computer may be, for example, a personal computer, a laptop computer, a cellular phone, a camera phone, a smartphone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email device, a game console, a tablet computer, a wearable device, or a combination of any of these devices.

[0149] For the convenience of description, the above devices are described as being divided into various units according to their functions. Of course, when implementing this application, the functions of each unit can be implemented in the same or multiple software and / or hardware.

[0150] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Thus, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0151] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, as well as combinations of processes and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0152] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0153] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0154] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0155] Memory may include non-permanent storage in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0156] Computer-readable media includes both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be implemented using any method or technology for information storage. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change RAM (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transitory computer-readable media such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0157] It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0158] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0159] The present application may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions executed by a computer, such as program modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. The present application may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in local and remote computer storage media, including storage devices.

[0160] The foregoing is merely an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should all be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A signal conditioning unit, applied to a card reader device, comprising: MCU microcontroller unit, coil antenna and load circuit including capacitor elements; One end of the coil antenna is connected to one end of the load circuit, and the other end of the coil antenna is connected to the other end of the load circuit; The coil antenna and the load circuit are used to form a resonant circuit; The resonant circuit is used to influence the quality factor of the card reader device so that the quality factor of the card reader device meets or deviates from a preset quality factor; the preset quality factor is a preset operating quality factor of the card reader device; when the quality factor meets the preset quality factor, the power of the card reader device is increased; when the quality factor deviates from the preset quality factor, the power of the card reader device is reduced; If the device serving as the NFC tag is close to the card reader device, the device serving as the NFC tag continuously senses the card-seeking signal within a preset time period, determines that there is an interference signal, and sends an instruction to the MCU microcontroller unit for reducing the interference. The MCU microcontroller unit controls the operation of the resonant circuit based on the instruction to reduce the power of the card reader device. 2 . The signal conditioning unit according to claim 1 , wherein if the resonant circuit is used to make the quality factor of the card reader device conform to a preset quality factor, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit is equal to the operating resonant frequency of the card reader device.

3. The signal conditioning unit according to claim 1, further comprising a first switching element; The first switch element is located between the coil antenna and the load circuit, and is used to control whether the signal conditioning unit is in an operable state. The signal conditioning unit of claim 3 , wherein the first switching element comprises a light-sensitive switching element. 5 . The signal conditioning unit according to claim 1 , wherein the capacitive element comprises a first capacitive element, and the load circuit further comprises a first inductive element; the first inductive element is connected in series with the coil antenna; and the first capacitive element is connected in parallel with the coil antenna. 6 . The signal conditioning unit according to claim 1 , wherein the capacitive element comprises a second capacitive element; the second capacitive element is connected in parallel with the coil antenna.

7. The signal conditioning unit according to claim 1, wherein the load circuit comprises a third capacitive element and a first resistive element; the third capacitive element is connected in parallel with the coil antenna; and the first resistive element is connected in parallel with the third capacitive element.

8. The signal conditioning unit according to claim 5, further comprising a state control component; The first inductor element includes an adjustable inductor element; the state control component is connected to a first control terminal of the adjustable inductor element, so that the adjustable inductor element can be in a first state of a first inductance value or in a second state of a second inductance value; in, In the first state, the resonant circuit is used to make the quality factor of the card reader device conform to a preset quality factor; or, in the second state, the resonant circuit is used to make the quality factor of the card reader device deviate from the preset quality factor.

9. The signal conditioning unit according to claim 6, further comprising a state control component; The second capacitor includes an adjustable capacitor; the state control component is connected to the second control terminal of the adjustable capacitor, so that the adjustable capacitor can be in a third state of the first capacitance value or the fourth state of the second capacitance value; in, In the third state, the resonant circuit is used to make the quality factor of the card reader device conform to a preset quality factor; or, in the fourth state, the resonant circuit is used to make the quality factor of the card reader device deviate from the preset quality factor.

10. The signal conditioning unit according to claim 6, further comprising a state control component; The load circuit also includes a second switching element; the third control end of the second switching element is connected to the state control component; the second capacitor element includes a first fixed capacitor element and a second fixed capacitor element; the second switching element is connected in series with the first fixed capacitor element and then in parallel with the second fixed capacitor element; the second fixed capacitor element is connected in parallel with the coil antenna.

11. The signal conditioning unit according to claim 7, further comprising a state control component; The load circuit further includes a third switch element; a fourth control terminal of the third switch element is connected to the state control component; and the third switch element is connected in series with the first resistive element. 12 . The signal conditioning unit according to claim 8 , wherein the state control component comprises a digital signal conversion circuit, an input end of the digital signal conversion circuit being connected to the coil antenna so as to output a digital level signal.

13. The signal conditioning unit according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the state control component comprises an MCU microcontroller unit for regulating the state of the resonant circuit; If the card reader device meets the signal enhancement condition, the micro control unit controls the resonant circuit to be in a state of enhancing the power of the card reader device; Alternatively, if the card reader device meets the signal weakening condition, the micro control unit controls the resonant circuit to be in a state of weakening the power of the card reader device; in, The signal enhancement condition includes at least one of the following: the card reader device is in a working state, other entities exist within a preset range of the card reader device, and the card reader device fails to successfully obtain tag information; The signal weakening condition includes at least one of the following: the card reader device is in an idle state or a standby state, and the MCU microcontroller unit obtains an adjustment instruction sent by a device serving as an NFC tag; the adjustment instruction is generated after the device serving as an NFC tag senses a radio frequency interference signal.

14. A card reader device comprising the signal conditioning unit according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

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