A square aluminum shell solid-state battery with stable heat dissipation

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of batteries, and specifically to a square aluminum shell solid-state battery with stable heat dissipation, which includes a solid-state battery cell and a square aluminum shell wrapped around the outside of the solid-state battery cell. A side wall clamping cavity is opened inside the square aluminum shell, and both sides of the side wall clamping cavity penetrate through. A cylindrical heat conductor is integrally and fixedly arranged inside the side wall clamping cavity. The number of the cylindrical heat conductors is several groups, and they are arranged in a linear array. The square aluminum shell solid-state battery of the present invention can stably dissipate heat from the battery through the cooperation of structures such as the side wall clamping cavity, the cylindrical heat conductor, and the side blowing fan, and at the same time has a higher support and protection strength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular to a square aluminum shell solid-state battery with stable heat dissipation. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum shell solid-state battery is a battery that uses a metal aluminum shell as an outer package and a solid electrolyte inside. The aluminum shell as the outer shell of the battery has high strength and good sealing, and can provide protection for the battery cells and solid electrolyte inside the battery from the influence of the external environment. The traditional square-packaged aluminum shell solid-state battery has a large square surface that is easy to deform, which can easily squeeze the solid-state battery cell and cause the battery cell to break. In addition, heat can only be transferred to the outside through the aluminum shell. The aluminum shell cannot actively cool down the battery when the temperature rises abnormally, and the heat dissipation performance is insufficient. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a square aluminum shell solid-state battery with stable heat dissipation to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a square aluminum shell solid-state battery with stable heat dissipation, comprising a solid-state battery cell and a square aluminum shell wrapped around the outside of the solid-state battery cell, wherein a side wall cavity is provided inside the square aluminum shell, and both sides of the side wall cavity penetrate through the side wall cavity, and a cylindrical heat conductor is fixedly arranged inside the side wall cavity, and the number of the cylindrical heat conductors is several groups, and they are arranged in a linear array, and a side blowing fan is embedded and fixed on one side of the square aluminum shell, and the side blowing fan can drive the airflow to pass through the inside of the side wall cavity when running, and a gas storage cavity is correspondingly provided inside the cylindrical heat conductor, and a convex portion is fixedly provided on the surface of the square aluminum shell, and an intercommunication inner cavity is provided inside the convex portion, and the intercommunication inner cavity is connected with the gas storage cavity, and the gas storage cavity is filled with compressed gas, and an automatic valve structure is provided at the inner and outer positions of the intercommunication inner cavity, and when the abnormal temperature of the solid-state battery cell reaches a set threshold, the automatic valve structure can be opened to release the compressed gas in the gas storage cavity.

[0005] The automatic valve structure includes an inner wall matching ring, an air-sealing plug and a control top shaft. The inner wall matching ring is fixedly arranged on the inner wall surface of the interconnected inner cavity. The air-sealing plug is arranged below the inner wall matching ring. When the air-sealing plug moves upward, it can contact and cooperate with the inner wall matching ring to close the interconnected inner cavity. The air-sealing plug is fixedly installed with the control top shaft. One end of the control top shaft away from the air-sealing plug passes through the side wall of the raised part and extends to the outside of the raised part. The control top shaft is in airtight contact with the raised part.

[0006] A spring support disc is fixedly arranged on the surface of the control jackshaft. Ventilation holes are penetrated through the surface of the spring support disc. A normally closed spring is arranged below the spring support disc. The normally closed spring provides an elastic support force to make the airtight plug have an upward elastic trend of movement. One end of the control jackshaft outside the convex part is fixedly provided with an external synchronous connecting rod.

[0007] An independent closed air cavity is formed in the side wall of the square aluminum shell. A cylindrical through groove is externally communicated with the independent closed air cavity. A cylindrical piston is inserted into the cylindrical through groove. The cylindrical piston is in airtight contact with the cylindrical through groove.

[0008] One end of the external synchronous connecting rod is located below the cylindrical piston. When the solid-state battery cell abnormally heats up to the set threshold value, the gas in the independent closed air cavity will expand due to heat, push the cylindrical piston to move downward, and the cylindrical piston will push the external synchronous connecting rod to move downward, driving the airtight plug to move downward to open.

[0009] An electrode contact plate is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the square aluminum shell. The solid-state battery cell supplies power externally through the electrode contact plate. A split contact plate is arranged above the electrode contact plate. An insulating bracket is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the square aluminum shell. The insulating bracket fixedly supports the split contact plate.

[0010] A bridging spring piece is arranged between the electrode contact plate and the split contact plate. The electrode contact plate is conducted with the split contact plate through the bridging spring piece. A fixed support piece is fixedly arranged on the bridging spring piece. An insulating shaft moving plate is arranged between the electrode contact plate and the split contact plate. The fixed support piece is inserted and fixed in the insulating shaft moving plate.

[0011] A top convex seat is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the square aluminum shell. A driving cavity is formed in the top convex seat. A driving piston is slidably arranged in the driving cavity. The driving piston is in airtight contact with the driving cavity.

[0012] A connecting square rod is fixedly arranged on one side of the driving piston. The connecting square rod is fixedly connected with the insulating shaft moving plate. A return spring is arranged on one side of the driving piston facing the position where the connecting square rod is located. The return spring applies an axial return elastic force to the driving piston.

[0013] An input air flow channel is communicated with the end of the driving cavity. The other end of the input air flow channel is communicated with the intercommunicating inner cavity. A return outer tube is communicated with the side wall position of the driving cavity. The other end opening of the return outer tube is located between the side blowing fan and the square aluminum shell.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] The square aluminum shell solid-state battery of the present invention can stably dissipate heat from the battery through the cooperation of structures such as side wall clamping cavities, cylindrical heat conductors, and side blowing fans, and at the same time has higher support and protection strength.

[0016] Through the cooperation of the automatic valve structure, split contact plate, insulating shaft moving plate and other structures set in the present invention, when the battery abnormally heats up, the conductive connection between the battery and external equipment can be directly disconnected at the mechanical level, preventing the battery from continuing to charge or discharge, avoiding more energy input or output, and reducing the risk of thermal runaway; at the same time, it can forcibly reduce the temperature of the square aluminum shell, further inhibit the risk of thermal runaway through active cooling, and through the return outer tube provided, the low-temperature gas that does external work can be returned to between the side blowing fan and the square aluminum shell, so that the side blowing fan blows the low-temperature gas through the side wall clamping cavity to further achieve temperature reduction and protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is another perspective schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional semi-sectional schematic diagram of the split contact plate of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of area A in

[0021] Figure 5 It is a separation schematic diagram of the side blowing fan of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional semi-sectional schematic diagram of the independent closed air cavity of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 It is Figure 6 An enlarged schematic diagram of area B in

[0024] Figure 8 It is Figure 6 An enlarged schematic diagram of area C in

[0025] Figure 9 It is a three-dimensional semi-sectional schematic diagram of the top convex seat of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 10 It is Figure 9 An enlarged schematic diagram of area D in

[0027] Figure 11 It is a horizontal angle semi-sectional schematic diagram of the top convex seat of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 12 It is Figure 11Schematic enlarged view of the E region in China.

[0029] In the figure: 1. Solid-state battery cell; 2. Square aluminum shell; 3. Sidewall clamping cavity; 4. Cylindrical heat conductor; 5. Side-blowing fan; 6. Gas storage cavity; 7. Protrusion; 8. Interconnected inner cavity; 801. Inner wall mating ring; 802. Airtight plug; 803. Control top shaft; 804. Spring support plate; 805. Vent hole; 806. Normally closed spring; 807. External synchronous connecting rod; 808. Independent enclosed gas cavity; 809. Cylindrical through groove; 810. Cylindrical piston; 201. Electrode contact plate; 202. Split contact plate; 203. Insulating bracket; 204. Bridging spring piece; 205. Fixed support piece; 206. Insulating shaft moving plate; 207. Top convex seat; 208. Driving cavity; 209. Driving piston; 210. Connecting square rod; 211. Return spring; 212. Input air flow channel; 213. Return outer tube. Specific implementation mode

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1 to 12 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a square aluminum shell solid-state battery with stable heat dissipation, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, including a solid-state battery cell 1 and a square aluminum shell 2 covering the outside of the solid-state battery cell 1. A sidewall clamping cavity 3 is opened inside the square aluminum shell 2. Both sides of the sidewall clamping cavity 3 penetrate. A cylindrical heat conductor 4 is integrally and fixedly arranged inside the sidewall clamping cavity 3. The number of the cylindrical heat conductors 4 is several groups and is arranged in a linear array. A side-blowing fan 5 is embedded and fixed on one side of the square aluminum shell 2. When the side-blowing fan 5 operates, it can drive air flow through the inside of the sidewall clamping cavity 3. A gas storage cavity 6 is correspondingly opened inside the cylindrical heat conductor 4. A protrusion 7 is integrally and fixedly arranged on the surface of the square aluminum shell 2. An interconnected inner cavity 8 is opened inside the protrusion 7. A one-way inflation hole can be arranged outside the interconnected inner cavity 8. Compressed air can be input into the gas storage cavity 6 through the inflation hole, so that after the compressed gas in the gas storage cavity 6 is consumed, it can be recharged and recycled. The above one-way inflation hole is a common structure in the prior art and will not be elaborated in this application.

[0032] The interconnected inner cavity 8 is interconnected with the gas storage cavity 6. The gas storage cavity 6 is filled with compressed gas. An automatic valve structure is arranged at the internal and external positions of the interconnected inner cavity 8. When the solid-state battery cell 1 abnormally heats up to the set threshold value, this automatic valve structure can be opened to release the compressed gas in the gas storage cavity 6.

[0033] As Figure 7 shown in the figure, the automatic valve structure includes an inner wall mating ring 801, an airtight plug 802 and a control top shaft 803. The inner wall mating ring 801 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall surface position of the interconnected inner cavity 8. The airtight plug 802 is arranged below the inner wall mating ring 801. When the airtight plug 802 moves upward, it can contact and cooperate with the inner wall mating ring 801 to seal the interconnected inner cavity 8. The airtight plug 802 is fixedly installed with the control top shaft 803. One end of the control top shaft 803 away from the airtight plug 802 penetrates through the side wall of the protrusion 7 and extends to the outside of the protrusion 7. An airtight contact is made between the control top shaft 803 and the protrusion 7.

[0034] A spring support disc 804 is fixedly arranged on the surface of the control top shaft 803. A ventilation hole 805 is penetrated through the surface of the spring support disc 804. A normally closed spring 806 is arranged below the spring support disc 804. The normally closed spring 806 provides an elastic support force to make the airtight plug 802 have an elastic tendency to move upward. An external synchronous connecting rod 807 is fixedly arranged at one end of the control top shaft 803 outside the protrusion 7.

[0035] An independent closed air cavity 808 is opened in the side wall of the square aluminum shell 2. A cylindrical through groove 809 is communicated and opened outside the independent closed air cavity 808. A cylindrical piston 810 is inserted into the cylindrical through groove 809. An airtight contact is made between the cylindrical piston 810 and the cylindrical through groove 809.

[0036] One end of the external synchronous connecting rod 807 is located below the cylindrical piston 810. When the solid-state battery cell 1 abnormally heats up to the set threshold value, the gas in the independent closed air cavity 808 will be heated and expanded, pushing the cylindrical piston 810 to move downward. The cylindrical piston 810 pushes the external synchronous connecting rod 807 to move downward, driving the airtight plug 802 to move downward to open.

[0037] An electrode contact plate 201 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the square aluminum shell 2. The solid-state battery cell 1 supplies power externally through the electrode contact plate 201. A split contact plate 202 is arranged above the electrode contact plate 201. An insulating bracket 203 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the square aluminum shell 2. The insulating bracket 203 fixedly supports the split contact plate 202.

[0038] A bridging elastic piece 204 is arranged between the electrode contact plate 201 and the split contact plate 202. The electrode contact plate 201 is electrically connected to the split contact plate 202 through the bridging elastic piece 204. A fixed support piece 205 is fixedly arranged on the bridging elastic piece 204. An insulating shaft moving plate 206 is arranged between the electrode contact plate 201 and the split contact plate 202. The fixed support piece 205 is inserted and fixed in the insulating shaft moving plate 206, as Figure 10 shown in the figure. Guide arcs are arranged at both ends of the bridging elastic piece 204, which can play a guiding and compressing role when the bridging elastic piece 204 resets and moves between the electrode contact plate 201 and the split contact plate 202.

[0039] A top convex seat 207 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the square aluminum shell 2. A driving cavity 208 is opened in the top convex seat 207. A driving piston 209 is slidably arranged in the driving cavity 208, and the driving piston 209 is in airtight contact with the driving cavity 208.

[0040] A connecting square rod 210 is fixedly arranged on one side of the driving piston 209. The connecting square rod 210 is fixedly connected to the insulating shaft moving plate 206. A return spring 211 is arranged on the side of the driving piston 209 facing the position where the connecting square rod 210 is located, and the return spring 211 applies an axial return elastic force to the driving piston 209.

[0041] An input air flow channel 212 is communicated with the end of the driving cavity 208. The other end of the input air flow channel 212 is communicated with the intercommunicating inner cavity 8, as Figure 7 shown in the figure. The communication port between the input air flow channel 212 and the intercommunicating inner cavity 8 is above the inner wall fitting ring 801, so that when the airtight plug 802 cooperates with the inner wall fitting ring 801 to be closed, gas will not enter the input air flow channel 212.

[0042] A return outer tube 213 is communicated with the side wall position of the driving cavity 208. The other end opening of the return outer tube 213 is between the side blowing fan 5 and the square aluminum shell 2.

[0043] When the square aluminum shell solid-state battery of the present invention is in use, external discharge or charging connection is carried out through the split contact plate 202. The solid-state battery cell 1 is electrically connected to the split contact plate 202 through the electrode contact plate 201 and the bridging elastic piece 204.

[0044] When the battery generates heat during high-power charge and discharge, the side blowing fan 5 operates to drive air flow to dissipate heat from the square aluminum shell 2 through the side wall clamping cavity 3. At the same time, through the structural settings such as the side wall clamping cavity 3 and the cylindrical heat conductor 4, the supporting strength of the large-area square surface can be increased, the stress deformation can be reduced, and the solid-state battery cell 1 can be better protected.

[0045] When the solid-state battery cell 1 abnormally heats up to a preset threshold, heat is conducted through the square aluminum shell 2 to the independent closed air chamber 808, causing the gas in the independent closed air chamber 808 to expand due to heat, as Figure 8 shown in, driving the cylindrical piston 810 to move downward, and then pushing the external synchronous connecting rod 807 to move downward; as Figure 7 shown in, when the external synchronous connecting rod 807 moves downward, it can drive the control top shaft 803 and the airtight plug 802 to move downward. At this time, the compressed gas in the air storage chamber 6 sequentially enters the driving chamber 208 through the intercommunicating inner cavity 8, the ventilation hole 805, and the input air flow channel 212.

[0046] As Figure 10 and Figure 12 shown in, the air pressure drives the driving piston 209 to move axially, driving the insulating shaft moving plate 206 to move axially, so that the bridging elastic piece 204 moves away from between the electrode contact plate 201 and the split contact plate 202. At this time, the connection between the electrode contact plate 201 and the split contact plate 202 is cut off, directly disconnecting the conductive connection between the battery and the external device at the mechanical level, preventing the battery from continuing to charge or discharge, avoiding more energy input or output, and reducing the risk of thermal runaway; when the driving piston 209 moves to a certain position, the compressed gas in the driving chamber 208 will enter the return outer tube 213 and be ejected from the other end of the return outer tube 213, returning to between the side blowing fan 5 and the square aluminum shell 2, as Figure 6 shown in.

[0047] In the above process, the compressed gas in the air storage chamber 6 is released, the gas expands and does work externally, its internal energy decreases, and the temperature drops. As a result, the cylindrical heat conductor 4 and the square aluminum shell 2 actively cool down, providing forced cooling protection for the battery. At the same time, the low-temperature gas ejected from the return outer tube 213 intervenes between the side blowing fan 5 and the square aluminum shell 2, causing the side blowing fan 5 to blow the low-temperature gas through the side wall clamping cavity 3, further achieving cooling protection. To ensure the active cooling effect of the square aluminum shell 2, the compressed gas filled in the air storage chamber 6 has sufficient pressure. Compressed gases with a relatively large specific heat capacity, such as carbon dioxide, can be preferentially used, which can absorb more heat after expansion and have a flame retardant effect.

[0048] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A square aluminum shell solid-state battery with stable heat dissipation, comprising a solid-state battery cell (1) and a square aluminum shell (2) covering the outside of the solid-state battery cell (1), characterized in that: The interior of the square aluminum shell (2) is provided with a side wall clamping cavity (3) which penetrates through both sides. A cylindrical heat conductor (4) is integrally and fixedly arranged inside the side wall clamping cavity (3). The number of the cylindrical heat conductors (4) is several groups and they are arranged in a linear array. A side blowing fan (5) is embedded and fixed on one side of the square aluminum shell (2). When the side blowing fan (5) operates, it can drive air flow to pass through the interior of the side wall clamping cavity (3). A gas storage cavity (6) is correspondingly arranged inside the cylindrical heat conductor (4). A convex part (7) is integrally and fixedly arranged on the surface of the square aluminum shell (2). An intercommunicating inner cavity (8) is arranged inside the convex part (7). The intercommunicating inner cavity (8) is communicated with the gas storage cavity (6). Compressed gas is filled in the gas storage cavity (6). An automatic valve structure is arranged at the inner and outer positions of the intercommunicating inner cavity (8). When the solid-state battery cell (1) abnormally heats up to a set threshold value, the automatic valve structure can be opened to release the compressed gas in the gas storage cavity (6). An electrode contact plate (201) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the square aluminum shell (2), and a split contact plate (202) is arranged above the electrode contact plate (201). A bridging elastic sheet (204) is arranged between the electrode contact plate (201) and the split contact plate (202). The electrode contact plate (201) is conducted with the split contact plate (202) through the bridging elastic sheet (204). A fixed support piece (205) is fixedly arranged on the bridging elastic sheet (204). An insulating shaft moving plate (206) is arranged between the electrode contact plate (201) and the split contact plate (202). The fixed support piece (205) is inserted and fixed in the insulating shaft moving plate (206). A top convex seat (207) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the square aluminum shell (2). A driving cavity (208) is arranged in the top convex seat (207). A driving piston (209) is slidably arranged in the driving cavity (208), and the driving piston (209) is in airtight contact with the driving cavity (208). A connecting square rod (210) is fixedly arranged on one side of the driving piston (209), and the connecting square rod (210) is fixedly connected with the insulating shaft moving plate (206). A return spring (211) is arranged on the side of the driving piston (209) facing the position where the connecting square rod (210) is located, and the return spring (211) applies an axial return elastic force to the driving piston (209). An input air flow channel (212) is communicated at the end of the driving cavity (208), and the other end of the input air flow channel (212) is communicated with the intercommunicating inner cavity (8). A return outer pipe (213) is communicated at the side wall position of the driving cavity (208), and the other end opening of the return outer pipe (213) is located between the side blowing fan (5) and the square aluminum shell (2).

2. The square aluminum shell solid-state battery with stable heat dissipation according to claim 1, wherein: The automatic valve structure includes an inner wall mating ring (801), an airtight plug (802), and a control top shaft (803). The inner wall mating ring (801) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall surface of the interconnected inner cavity (8). The airtight plug (802) is arranged below the inner wall mating ring (801). When the airtight plug (802) moves upward, it can contact and cooperate with the inner wall mating ring (801) to close the interconnected inner cavity (8). The airtight plug (802) is fixedly installed with the control top shaft (803). One end of the control top shaft (803) away from the airtight plug (802) penetrates through the side wall of the convex portion (7) and extends to the outside of the convex portion (7). There is an airtight contact between the control top shaft (803) and the convex portion (7).

3. The square aluminum shell solid-state battery with stable heat dissipation according to claim 2, wherein: A spring support disc (804) is fixedly arranged on the surface of the control top shaft (803). Vent holes (805) are formed through the surface of the spring support disc (804). A normally closed spring (806) is arranged below the spring support disc (804). The normally closed spring (806) provides an elastic support force so that the airtight plug (802) has an elastic tendency to move upward. An external synchronous connecting rod (807) is fixedly arranged at one end of the control top shaft (803) outside the convex portion (7).

4. A square aluminum shell solid-state battery with stable heat dissipation according to claim 3, characterized in that: An independent closed air cavity (808) is formed in the side wall of the square aluminum shell (2). A cylindrical through groove (809) is externally connected to the independent closed air cavity (808). A cylindrical piston (810) is inserted into the cylindrical through groove (809). There is an airtight contact between the cylindrical piston (810) and the cylindrical through groove (809).

5. The square aluminum shell solid-state battery with stable heat dissipation according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the external synchronous connecting rod (807) is located below the cylindrical piston (810). When the solid-state battery cell (1) abnormally heats up to the set threshold, the gas in the independent closed air cavity (808) will expand due to heat, pushing the cylindrical piston (810) downward. The cylindrical piston (810) pushes the external synchronous connecting rod (807) downward, driving the airtight plug (802) to move downward to open.

6. A square aluminum shell solid-state battery with stable heat dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid-state battery cell (1) supplies power externally through an electrode contact plate (201). An insulating bracket (203) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the square aluminum shell (2). The insulating bracket (203) fixedly supports the split contact plate (202).

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