Power grid digital inspection system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a power grid digital inspection system and method, and the system comprises a control center, an inspection range determination system, an equipment data collection system, a digital self-inspection system, a communication condition monitoring system, and an equipment analysis and evaluation system. The area range, equipment or business process of the current digital patrol for the power grid is determined through a patrol range determination system; an intelligent sensor and a data acquisition instrument which are connected through the equipment data acquisition system are used for acquiring various operating parameters of the power grid equipment in real time; the method comprises the steps of determining a patrol target and range, collecting equipment operation parameters, checking a digital system, checking a network communication condition and analyzing and evaluating data. Various data of the power grid equipment can be quickly and accurately acquired through the intelligent sensors and the terminal equipment which are connected with the power grid digital patrol system, so that the data acquisition time is greatly saved, and errors and omissions possibly caused by manual recording are avoided at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of digital inspection of power grids, and in particular to a digital inspection system and method for power grids. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the economy and the continuous growth of electricity demand, the scale of the power grid continues to expand, including a large number of substations, transmission lines, distribution equipment, etc. The traditional manual inspection method is difficult to cope with such a large number of equipment inspections. There is an urgent need for more efficient inspection methods to ensure the normal operation of the equipment. For example, in the power grids of some large cities, substations and transmission lines are widely distributed. The workload of manual inspections is huge, and it is easy to have problems such as missed inspections. At the same time, due to the continuous improvement of the technical content of modern power grid equipment and the increasingly complex structure, such as smart substations, high-voltage direct current transmission equipment, etc., the operating status of these equipment requires more sophisticated monitoring and analysis. Traditional inspection methods are difficult to meet the accurate grasp of their complex technical parameters and operating characteristics. It is necessary to use digital technology to achieve in-depth inspection and fault diagnosis of equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a digital inspection method for power grids to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a digital power grid inspection system and method.

[0004] Technical solution: The digital inspection system for power grids described in the present invention includes a control center, an inspection range determination system, an equipment data acquisition system, a digital self-inspection system, a communication status monitoring system, and an equipment analysis and evaluation system; the inspection range determination system is used to determine the regional scope, equipment, or business process of the power grid for this digital inspection; the intelligent sensors and data acquisition instruments connected to the equipment data acquisition system are used to collect various operating parameters of the power grid equipment in real time; and the communication network inside the power grid is tested using a network tester through the communication status monitoring system.

[0005] Furthermore, the inspection range determination system includes an instruction editing and receiving system, a power grid equipment selection system and an equipment inspection determination system, the instruction editing and receiving system is connected to the power grid equipment selection system, and the power grid equipment selection system is connected to the equipment inspection determination system.

[0006] Furthermore, the device data acquisition system includes a device data reading system, a device data synchronization system and a synchronous data transmission system. The device data reading system is connected to the device data synchronization system, and the device data synchronization system is connected to the synchronous data transmission system.

[0007] Furthermore, the digital self-inspection system includes a power grid data inspection system, a data comparison and partitioning system and a safety factor determination system. The power grid data inspection system is connected to the data comparison and partitioning system, and the data comparison and partitioning system is connected to the safety factor determination system.

[0008] Furthermore, the communication status monitoring system includes an equipment communication monitoring system, a communication secondary recheck system and a communication abnormality alarm system. The equipment communication monitoring system is connected to the communication secondary recheck system, and the communication secondary recheck system is connected to the communication abnormality alarm system.

[0009] Furthermore, the equipment analysis and evaluation system includes an equipment data interconnection system, a power grid data analysis system and an equipment data evaluation system. The equipment data interconnection system is connected to the power grid data analysis system, and the power grid data analysis system is connected to the equipment data evaluation system.

[0010] Furthermore, the digital self-inspection system and the equipment analysis and evaluation system adopt a decision tree algorithm model to construct a tree-like decision structure by analyzing the characteristics of the data set. Each internal node is a test on an attribute, the branch is the test output, and the leaf node is a category or value. The decision tree is constructed according to different characteristics of the equipment, such as temperature, voltage, and operating time, to determine whether the equipment is in an abnormal state. The degree of uncertainty of random variables in power grid inspections is measured by information entropy.

[0011] For a discrete random variable X with n different values, the calculation formula of its information entropy H(X) is as follows:

[0012]

[0013] Among them, p(x i ) indicates that the random variable X takes the value x i The probability of p(x i )=0, p(x i )log2p(x i )=0.

[0014] The digital inspection method for power grid of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1: Clarify the inspection target and scope; determine the area, equipment or business process of the power grid that the digital inspection mainly targets through the inspection scope determination system, pre-select the power grid equipment to be inspected through the command editing and receiving system, and use the power grid equipment selection system and the equipment inspection determination system to select and determine the power grid equipment to be inspected;

[0016] S2: Equipment operation parameter collection: The various operation parameters of the power grid equipment are collected in real time through the intelligent sensors and data acquisition instruments connected to the equipment data collection system, and the power grid equipment is inspected and read using the equipment data reading system. The collected power grid equipment data is transmitted to the equipment analysis and evaluation system in a timely manner through the equipment data synchronization system and the synchronous data transmission system;

[0017] S3: Digital system inspection: Check whether the monitoring system is operating normally through the digital self-inspection system, check whether the images of each monitoring camera are clear and complete, and whether they can accurately reflect the real-time status of the equipment. Test the automation control system through the power grid data inspection system to verify whether its control logic is correct and whether it can accurately execute switch operations and voltage regulation control instructions. Check whether the functions of the information management system are complete through the data comparison partition system, and judge whether the data is accurate and complete through the safety factor determination system, and whether the system's safety protection mechanism is effective.

[0018] S4: Check the network communication status; check whether the network connectivity, bandwidth, and packet loss rate indicators meet the requirements through the equipment communication monitoring system in the communication status monitoring system, and use the communication secondary re-inspection system to re-check the network equipment to check whether its indicator light flashes normally and whether the port connection is stable. When an abnormality is detected, abnormal data monitoring is realized through the communication abnormality alarm system;

[0019] S5: Data analysis and evaluation; data is collated and cleaned through the equipment data interconnection system, and a large amount of data collected on site is sorted and stored according to equipment, parameter type, and time dimension. The data is cleaned to remove duplicate, erroneous, and invalid data to ensure the data quality for subsequent analysis.

[0020] Furthermore, the data analysis in step S5 includes using professional data analysis tools and methods to analyze the equipment operating parameters through the power grid data analysis system, and through comparative analysis, compare the current equipment parameters with the standard parameters and the historical optimal parameters to evaluate the equipment's operating performance, analyze the data of the digital system, and evaluate the system's effectiveness.

[0021] Furthermore, the problem diagnosis and evaluation in step S5 includes diagnosing problems existing in power grid equipment and digital systems using an equipment data evaluation system based on the results of data analysis, evaluating the diagnosed problems, and determining the severity of the problems, the scope of impact, and possible consequences.

[0022] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: the various intelligent sensors and terminal devices connected by the digital power grid inspection system can quickly and accurately collect various data of power grid equipment. Compared with the traditional manual meter reading and recording methods, it greatly saves the time of data collection and avoids the errors and omissions that may occur in manual recording; the digital power grid inspection system can standardize the inspection process, reduce unnecessary intermediate links and repetitive work, and improve the overall efficiency of the inspection work; the equipment data acquisition system can monitor the operating status of power grid equipment in real time and in an all-round manner, detect abnormal conditions of equipment in time, accurately diagnose and predict equipment failures, and avoid the occurrence and expansion of failures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the digital inspection system for the power grid;

[0024] Figure 2 Determine the system diagram for the inspection scope;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the equipment data acquisition system;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the digital self-checking system;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the communication status monitoring system;

[0028] Figure 6 Provide a schematic diagram of the equipment analysis and evaluation system;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the digital inspection process of the power grid. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] like Figure 1 The power grid digital inspection system 1 shown includes a control center 11, an inspection range determination system 12, an equipment data acquisition system 13, a digital self-inspection system 14, a communication status monitoring system 15 and an equipment analysis and evaluation system 16. The control center 11 is connected to the inspection range determination system 12, the equipment data acquisition system 13, the digital self-inspection system 14, the communication status monitoring system 15 and the equipment analysis and evaluation system 16. The inspection range determination system 12 is connected to the equipment data acquisition system 13, the equipment data acquisition system 13 is connected to the digital self-inspection system 14, the digital self-inspection system 14 is connected to the communication status monitoring system 15, and the communication status monitoring system 15 is connected to the equipment analysis and evaluation system 16. Figure 2As shown, the inspection range determination system 12 includes an instruction editing and receiving system 121, a power grid equipment selection system 122 and an equipment inspection determination system 123, the instruction editing and receiving system 121 is connected to the power grid equipment selection system 122, and the power grid equipment selection system 122 is connected to the equipment inspection determination system 123;

[0032] The inspection scope determination system 12 determines which areas, equipment or business processes of the power grid this digital inspection will mainly target, such as specific substations, transmission lines, or related power grid facilities and supporting systems in the entire power supply area. The command editing and receiving system 121 pre-selects the power grid equipment to be inspected, and clarifies the specific goals to be achieved through the inspection. The power grid equipment selection system 122 and the equipment inspection determination system 123 are used to select and determine the power grid equipment to be inspected, such as checking whether the equipment operating status is normal, evaluating the effectiveness of the digital system, and troubleshooting safety hazards.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, the device data acquisition system 13 includes a device data reading system 131, a device data synchronization system 132 and a synchronous data transmission system 133. The device data reading system 131 is connected to the device data synchronization system 132, and the device data synchronization system 132 is connected to the synchronous data transmission system 133.

[0034] like Figure 4 As shown, the digital self-checking system 14 includes a power grid data checking system 141, a data comparison partitioning system 142 and a safety factor determination system 143. The power grid data checking system 141 is connected to the data comparison partitioning system 142, and the data comparison partitioning system 142 is connected to the safety factor determination system 143;

[0035] The intelligent sensors and data acquisition instruments connected to the equipment data acquisition system 13 are used to collect various operating parameters of the power grid equipment in real time, such as the oil temperature, voltage, and current of the transformer, the opening and closing status of the circuit breaker, and the action time. The equipment data reading system 131 is used to inspect and read the power grid equipment. The collected power grid equipment data is timely transmitted to the equipment analysis and evaluation system 16 through the equipment data synchronization system 132 and the synchronous data transmission system 133 for subsequent analysis and processing. The digital self-inspection system 14 is used to check whether the monitoring system is operating normally, and check whether the images of each monitoring camera are clear and complete, and whether they can accurately reflect the real-time status of the equipment. The automatic control system is tested through the power grid data inspection system 141 to verify whether its control logic is correct and whether it can accurately execute control instructions such as switch operation and voltage regulation. The data comparison and partitioning system 142 is used to check whether the functions of the information management system are complete, including whether the functions of data entry, storage, query, analysis, etc. are normal. The safety factor determination system 143 is used to determine whether the data is accurate and complete, and whether the system's safety protection mechanism is effective.

[0036] like Figure 5 As shown, the communication status monitoring system 15 includes an equipment communication monitoring system 151, a communication secondary recheck system 152 and a communication abnormality alarm system 153. The equipment communication monitoring system 151 is connected to the communication secondary recheck system 152, and the communication secondary recheck system 152 is connected to the communication abnormality alarm system 153.

[0037] like Figure 6 As shown, the equipment analysis and evaluation system 16 includes an equipment data interconnection system 161, a power grid data analysis system 162 and an equipment data evaluation system 163, the equipment data interconnection system 161 is connected to the power grid data analysis system 162, and the power grid data analysis system 162 is connected to the equipment data evaluation system 163;

[0038] The equipment communication monitoring system 151 in the communication status monitoring system 15 uses a network tester to detect the communication network inside the power grid to check whether the network connectivity, bandwidth, packet loss rate and other indicators meet the requirements. The communication secondary re-inspection system 152 is used to re-check the operating status of network equipment such as routers and switches to check whether their indicator lights are flashing normally and whether the port connection is stable. When an abnormality is detected, abnormal data monitoring is achieved through the communication abnormality alarm system 153. The equipment data connection system 161 can realize data sorting and cleaning, sorting a large amount of data collected on site, classifying and storing them according to dimensions such as equipment, parameter type, time, etc., cleaning the data, removing duplicate, erroneous and invalid data, and ensuring the data quality of subsequent analysis. 2. Analyze the equipment operating parameters, such as using trend analysis to view the changes in equipment parameters over time to determine whether the equipment has potential fault hazards; through comparative analysis, compare the current equipment parameters with standard parameters, historical optimal parameters, etc., evaluate the equipment's operating performance, analyze the data of the digital system, and evaluate the system's effectiveness, such as the coverage of the monitoring system, the response speed of the automation control system, the data processing efficiency of the information management system, etc. According to the results of the data analysis, use the equipment data evaluation system 163 to diagnose problems with power grid equipment and digital systems, such as whether the equipment is overheating, overloading, aging, etc., whether the digital system has functional defects, security vulnerabilities, etc., evaluate the diagnosed problems, and determine the severity of the problems, the scope of impact, and the possible consequences.

[0039] Both the digital self-inspection system 14 and the equipment analysis and evaluation system 16 use a decision tree algorithm model. By analyzing the characteristics of the data set, a tree-like decision structure is constructed. Each internal node is a test on an attribute, the branch is the test output, and the leaf node is a category or value. The decision tree is constructed based on different characteristics of the equipment, such as temperature, voltage, and operating time, to determine whether the equipment is in an abnormal state. The degree of uncertainty of random variables in power grid inspections is measured by information entropy.

[0040] For a discrete random variable X with n different values, the calculation formula of its information entropy H(X) is as follows:

[0041]

[0042] Among them, p(x i ) indicates that the random variable X takes the value x i The probability of p(x i )=0, p(x i )log2p(x i )=0.

[0043] For example, suppose there is a random variable X representing the operating status of a power grid device, which has two possible values: "normal" and "fault". If it is known that the probability of the device being in the "normal" state is p(normal) = 0.8, and the probability of the device being in the "fault" state is p(fault) = 0.0, then the information entropy of the random variable is:

[0044] H(X)=-(0.8log20.8+0.2log20.2)

[0045] The communication status monitoring system 15 uses the optical link loss formula to detect the optical link loss in the power grid optical fiber communication link. The specific formula is:

[0046]

[0047] Where L is the optical link loss unit: dB, P in is the input power of the optical signal, P out It is the output power of the optical signal. Excessive optical link loss may be caused by reasons such as optical fiber aging, small bending radius, and large connector loss.

[0048] The communication status monitoring system 15 uses the circuit transmission delay formula to detect the transmission delay data in the circuit communication link. The specific formula is: D = t2-t1

[0049] Where D is the transmission delay, t1 is the time when data is sent, and t2 is the time when data is received. If the transmission delay exceeds the maximum value allowed by the service, it may cause communication failure or affect the timeliness of power grid control instructions.

[0050] like Figure 7 As shown, the digital inspection method for power grids of the present invention comprises the following specific steps:

[0051] S1. Clarify the inspection objectives and scope;

[0052] S11, determine which areas, equipment or business processes of the power grid this digital inspection is mainly targeted at through the inspection scope determination system 12, such as specific substations, transmission lines, or related power grid facilities and supporting systems in the entire power supply area, and pre-select the power grid equipment to be inspected through the command editing and receiving system 121,

[0053] S12, clarifying the specific goals to be achieved through the inspection, using the power grid equipment selection system 122 and the equipment inspection determination system 123 to select and determine the power grid equipment to be inspected, such as checking whether the equipment is operating normally, evaluating the effectiveness of the digital system, and troubleshooting safety hazards;

[0054] S2. Equipment operation parameter collection:

[0055] S21, through the intelligent sensors and data acquisition instruments connected to the equipment data acquisition system 13, various operating parameters of the power grid equipment are collected in real time, such as the oil temperature, voltage, current of the transformer, the opening and closing state of the circuit breaker, and the action time, and the equipment data reading system 131 is used to inspect and read the power grid equipment,

[0056] S22, timely transmitting the collected power grid equipment data to the equipment analysis and evaluation system 16 through the equipment data synchronization system 132 and the synchronous data transmission system 133 for subsequent analysis and processing;

[0057] S3, digital system inspection:

[0058] S31, check whether the monitoring system is operating normally through the digital self-checking system 14, check whether the images of each monitoring camera are clear and complete, and whether they can accurately reflect the real-time status of the equipment, and test the automatic control system through the power grid data inspection system 141 to verify whether its control logic is correct and whether it can accurately execute control instructions such as switch operation and voltage regulation.

[0059] S32, checking whether the functions of the information management system are complete through the data comparison partition system 142, including whether the functions of data entry, storage, query, analysis, etc. are normal, and judging whether the data is accurate and complete, and whether the security protection mechanism of the system is effective through the safety factor determination system 143;

[0060] S4. Check network communication status:

[0061] S41, using the equipment communication monitoring system 151 in the communication status monitoring system 15 to test the communication network inside the power grid using a network tester to check whether the network's connectivity, bandwidth, packet loss rate and other indicators meet the requirements,

[0062] S42, using the communication secondary recheck system 152 to recheck the operating status of network devices such as routers and switches, to check whether their indicator lights are flashing normally, whether the port connection is stable, etc., and when an abnormality is detected, abnormal data monitoring is implemented through the communication abnormality alarm system 153;

[0063] S5. Data analysis and evaluation:

[0064] S51. Data can be collated and cleaned through the equipment data interconnection system 161. A large amount of data collected on site can be collated and stored according to dimensions such as equipment, parameter type, and time. The data can be cleaned to remove duplicate, erroneous, and invalid data to ensure the data quality of subsequent analysis.

[0065] S52, data analysis, using professional data analysis tools and methods, analyze the equipment operating parameters through the power grid data analysis system 162, such as viewing the changes in equipment parameters over time through trend analysis to determine whether the equipment has potential fault hazards; through comparative analysis, compare the current equipment parameters with standard parameters, historical optimal parameters, etc., evaluate the equipment's operating performance, analyze the data of the digital system, and evaluate the system's effectiveness, such as the coverage of the monitoring system, the response speed of the automation control system, the data processing efficiency of the information management system, etc.

[0066] S53. Problem diagnosis and evaluation. Based on the results of data analysis, the equipment data evaluation system 163 is used to diagnose problems in power grid equipment and digital systems, such as whether the equipment is overheated, overloaded, aged, etc., whether the digital system has functional defects, security vulnerabilities, etc. The diagnosed problems are evaluated to determine the severity of the problem, the scope of impact, and the possible consequences.

[0067] Working principle:

[0068] In actual use, the inspection target and scope are first clarified, and the inspection scope determination system 12 is used to determine which areas, equipment or business processes of the power grid this digital inspection is mainly targeted at, such as specific substations, transmission lines, or related power grid facilities and supporting systems in the entire power supply area. The power grid equipment to be inspected is pre-selected through the command editing and receiving system 121, and the specific goals to be achieved through the inspection are clarified. The power grid equipment selection system 122 and the equipment inspection determination system 123 are used to select and determine the power grid equipment to be inspected, such as checking whether the equipment is operating normally, evaluating the effectiveness of the digital system, and troubleshooting safety hazards. The intelligent sensors connected to the equipment data acquisition system 13 , the data acquisition instrument collects various operating parameters of the power grid equipment in real time, such as the oil temperature, voltage, current of the transformer, the opening and closing status of the circuit breaker, and the action time. The equipment data reading system 131 is used to inspect and read the power grid equipment. The collected power grid equipment data is transmitted to the equipment analysis and evaluation system 16 in a timely manner through the equipment data synchronization system 132 and the synchronous data transmission system 133 for subsequent analysis and processing. The digital self-inspection system 14 is used to check whether the monitoring system is operating normally, and check whether the images of each monitoring camera are clear and complete, and whether they can accurately reflect the real-time status of the equipment. The automatic control system is tested through the power grid data inspection system 141 to verify its control Check whether the control logic is correct, whether it can accurately execute switch operation, voltage regulation control instructions, and whether the functions of the information management system are complete, including whether the data entry, storage, query, analysis and other functions are normal, and judge whether the data is accurate and complete, and whether the system's security protection mechanism is effective through the safety factor determination system 143. Use the network tester to test the communication network inside the power grid through the equipment communication monitoring system 151 in the communication status monitoring system 15 to check whether the network's connectivity, bandwidth, packet loss rate and other indicators meet the requirements, and use the communication secondary re-inspection system 152 to re-check the operation of network equipment such as routers and switches. Status, check whether its indicator light flashes normally, whether the port connection is stable, etc. When an abnormality is detected, abnormal data monitoring is realized through the communication abnormality alarm system 153, and data sorting and cleaning can be realized through the equipment data communication system 161. The large amount of data collected on site is sorted and stored according to the dimensions of equipment, parameter type, time, etc., and the data is cleaned to remove duplicate, erroneous, and invalid data to ensure the data quality of subsequent analysis. Professional data analysis tools and methods are used to analyze the equipment operating parameters through the power grid data analysis system 162, such as checking the changes of equipment parameters over time through trend analysis to determine whether there are potential fault hazards in the equipment;Through comparative analysis, the current equipment parameters are compared with standard parameters, historical optimal parameters, etc., to evaluate the operating performance of the equipment, analyze the data of the digital system, and evaluate the effectiveness of the system, such as the coverage of the monitoring system, the response speed of the automatic control system, the data processing efficiency of the information management system, etc. According to the results of data analysis, the equipment data evaluation system 163 is used to diagnose the problems existing in the power grid equipment and digital system, such as whether the equipment is overheated, overloaded, aging, etc., whether the digital system has functional defects and security loopholes, etc., and the diagnosed problems are evaluated to determine the severity of the problem, the scope of impact, and the possible consequences. ;

Claims

1. A digital power grid inspection system, characterized in that: The system comprises a control center (11), an inspection range determination system (12), an equipment data acquisition system (13), a digital self-inspection system (14), a communication status monitoring system (15) and an equipment analysis and evaluation system (16); the inspection range determination system (12) is used to determine the regional scope, equipment or business process of the power grid for this digital inspection; the intelligent sensors and data acquisition instruments connected to the equipment data acquisition system (13) are used to collect various operating parameters of the power grid equipment in real time; and the communication status monitoring system (15) uses a network tester to detect the communication network inside the power grid.

2. The digital power grid inspection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inspection range determination system (12) comprises an instruction editing and receiving system (121), a power grid equipment selection system (122) and an equipment inspection determination system (123); the instruction editing and receiving system (121) is connected to the power grid equipment selection system (122), and the power grid equipment selection system (122) is connected to the equipment inspection determination system (123).

3. The digital power grid inspection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device data acquisition system (13) comprises a device data reading system (131), a device data synchronization system (132) and a synchronous data transmission system (133); the device data reading system (131) is connected to the device data synchronization system (132), and the device data synchronization system (132) is connected to the synchronous data transmission system (133).

4. The digital power grid inspection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digital self-checking system (14) comprises a power grid data checking system (141), a data comparison and partitioning system (142) and a safety factor determination system (143); the power grid data checking system (141) is connected to the data comparison and partitioning system (142), and the data comparison and partitioning system (142) is connected to the safety factor determination system (143).

5. The digital power grid inspection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication status monitoring system (15) comprises an equipment communication monitoring system (151), a communication secondary recheck system (152) and a communication abnormality alarm system (153); the equipment communication monitoring system (151) is connected to the communication secondary recheck system (152), and the communication secondary recheck system (152) is connected to the communication abnormality alarm system (153).

6. The digital power grid inspection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equipment analysis and evaluation system (16) comprises an equipment data interconnection system (161), a power grid data analysis system (162) and an equipment data evaluation system (163); the equipment data interconnection system (161) is connected to the power grid data analysis system (162), and the power grid data analysis system (162) is connected to the equipment data evaluation system (163).

7. The digital power grid inspection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digital self-inspection system (14) and the equipment analysis and evaluation system (16) adopt a decision tree algorithm model to construct a tree-like decision structure by analyzing the characteristics of the data set. Each internal node is a test on an attribute, the branch is the test output, and the leaf node is a category or value. The decision tree is constructed according to different characteristics of the equipment, such as temperature, voltage, and operating time, to determine whether the equipment is in an abnormal state. The degree of uncertainty of random variables in power grid inspection is measured by information entropy. For a discrete random variable X with n different values, the calculation formula of its information entropy H(X) is as follows: Among them, p(x i ) indicates that the random variable X takes the value x i The probability of p(x i )=0, p(x i )log2p(x i )=0.

8. A digital inspection method for a power grid, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Clarify the inspection target and scope; determine the area, equipment or business process of the power grid that the digital inspection mainly targets through the inspection scope determination system, pre-select the power grid equipment to be inspected through the command editing and receiving system, and use the power grid equipment selection system and the equipment inspection determination system to select and determine the power grid equipment to be inspected; S2: Equipment operation parameter collection: The various operation parameters of the power grid equipment are collected in real time through the intelligent sensors and data acquisition instruments connected to the equipment data collection system, and the power grid equipment is inspected and read using the equipment data reading system. The collected power grid equipment data is transmitted to the equipment analysis and evaluation system in a timely manner through the equipment data synchronization system and the synchronous data transmission system; S3: Digital system inspection: Check whether the monitoring system is operating normally through the digital self-inspection system, check whether the images of each monitoring camera are clear and complete, and whether they can accurately reflect the real-time status of the equipment. Test the automation control system through the power grid data inspection system to verify whether its control logic is correct and whether it can accurately execute switch operations and voltage regulation control instructions. Check whether the functions of the information management system are complete through the data comparison partition system, and judge whether the data is accurate and complete through the safety factor determination system, and whether the system's safety protection mechanism is effective. S4: Check the network communication status; check whether the network connectivity, bandwidth, and packet loss rate indicators meet the requirements through the equipment communication monitoring system in the communication status monitoring system, and use the communication secondary re-inspection system to re-check the network equipment to check whether its indicator light flashes normally and whether the port connection is stable. When an abnormality is detected, abnormal data monitoring is realized through the communication abnormality alarm system; S5: Data analysis and evaluation; data is collated and cleaned through the equipment data interconnection system, and a large amount of data collected on site is sorted and stored according to equipment, parameter type, and time dimension. The data is cleaned to remove duplicate, erroneous, and invalid data to ensure the data quality for subsequent analysis.

9. The digital inspection method for power grid according to claim 8, characterized in that: The data analysis in step S5 includes using professional data analysis tools and methods to analyze the equipment operating parameters through the power grid data analysis system, and through comparative analysis, compare the current equipment parameters with the standard parameters and the historical best parameters to evaluate the equipment's operating performance, analyze the data of the digital system, and evaluate the system's effectiveness.

10. The digital inspection method for power grid according to claim 8, characterized in that: The problem diagnosis and evaluation in step S5 includes diagnosing problems existing in power grid equipment and digital systems using the equipment data evaluation system based on the results of data analysis, evaluating the diagnosed problems, and determining the severity of the problems, the scope of impact, and possible consequences.

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