Preparation method and application of broccoli seeds bred in space and aqueous extract freeze-dried powder thereof

Abstract

The invention provides broccoli seeds for space breeding, the preservation number of the broccoli seeds for space breeding is CCTCC (China Center for Type Culture Collection) NO: P202423, and the preservation unit is China Center for Type Culture Collection; the content of the effective component sulforaphane in the broccoli seeds bred in the space is 9.2 mg / g, meanwhile, the invention provides a preparation method of the water extract freeze-dried powder of the broccoli seeds bred in the space, and the water extract freeze-dried powder is prepared by extracting the effective component of the broccoli seeds bred in the space. According to the broccoli seeds obtained through space breeding, the content of effective components such as sulforaphane in the seeds is effectively increased, and richer raw materials are provided for subsequent extraction. Through the unique water extraction segmentation technology, the vacuum freeze-drying technology and the maltodextrin wrapping freeze-drying technology, the yield of sulforaphane is remarkably improved, a new way is opened up for comprehensive utilization of broccoli seeds, the economic value of broccoli is improved, and development of related industries is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of bioengineering technology, and in particular provides a preparation method and application of space-bred broccoli seeds and freeze-dried powder of water extracts thereof. Background Art

[0002] Broccoli is a nutritious vegetable that is widely grown around the world. Its nutrients are distributed in seeds, flower buds and sprouts, and broccoli seeds are one of the important sources of sulforaphane. However, the traditional broccoli cultivation process has serious insect pest problems and often requires the use of large amounts of pesticides, which poses a potential safety hazard to the extraction of active ingredients from other parts of broccoli. Therefore, broccoli seeds have become a better choice for extracting active ingredients.

[0003] At present, there are many methods for extracting effective ingredients from broccoli seeds, but the yield of sulforaphane is generally unsatisfactory. In addition, sulforaphane is greatly affected by temperature, pH and air during the extraction process of broccoli seeds, and has poor stability.

[0004] At the same time, broccoli seeds obtained through conventional breeding methods have certain limitations in terms of characteristics and active ingredient content. In this context, space breeding technology provides new possibilities and ideas for the improvement of broccoli seeds and the efficient extraction of active ingredients. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation method and application of space-bred broccoli seeds and freeze-dried powder of their water extracts.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] Disclosed are space-bred broccoli seeds, the space-bred broccoli seeds have a preservation number of CCTCC NO: P202423, and the preservation unit is China Center for Type Culture Collection; the space-bred broccoli seeds have a sulforaphane active ingredient content of 9.2 mg / g.

[0008] A method for preparing freeze-dried powder of water extract of space-bred broccoli seeds, which extracts sulforaphane active ingredients from the space-bred broccoli seeds to prepare freeze-dried powder of water extract, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1: Raw material preparation, remove debris from space-bred broccoli seeds and set aside;

[0010] S2: crushing, using a crusher to crush the space-bred broccoli seeds after S1 to obtain the crushed space-bred broccoli seed coarse powder, and passing it through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain space-bred broccoli seed fine powder;

[0011] S3: extraction, adding 3 times the weight of water to the fine powder of space-bred broccoli seeds and soaking it for 30 minutes, heating it to 53°C-57°C, performing the first extraction, the first extraction time is 3 hours, and collecting the extract of the first extraction; adding 3 times the weight of water of the broccoli seed fine powder filter residue, heating it to 53°C-57°C, performing the second extraction, the second extraction time is 2 hours, and collecting the extract of the second extraction; the yield of sulforaphane after the first extraction is 57%-63%, and the cumulative yield after the second extraction is 73%-80%;

[0012] S4: Combine the extracts and concentrate them, with a vacuum degree of 0.06Mpa-0.08Mpa and a temperature of 50℃-55℃. Combine the extracts from the two extractions and concentrate them. The density of the concentrate is 1.0g / cm 3 -1.2g / cm 3 , obtain one mass of concentrated liquid according to one mass of broccoli seeds, and collect the concentrated liquid;

[0013] S5: freeze-drying, adding maltodextrin to the concentrate to make freeze-drying, freezing temperature -50°C, vacuum degree 0.1Mpa, heating temperature 20°C, to obtain freeze-dried powder of water extract of space-bred broccoli seeds, the moisture content shall not exceed 8.0%, and the final recovery amount of sulforaphane is in the range of 26g / 5kg seeds to 35g / 5kg seeds

[0014] Furthermore, the debris in S1 is weeds and gravel.

[0015] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the concentrate to maltodextrin in S5 is 10:1.

[0016] The invention discloses an application of freeze-dried powder of water extract of space-bred broccoli seeds, which is freeze-dried powder of water extract of space-bred broccoli seeds extracted by the method for preparing freeze-dried powder of water extract of space-bred broccoli seeds. The freeze-dried powder can be drunk alone or in combination with other products, and has a solubility of 85.

[0017] Furthermore, the preparation temperature for drinking alone or in combination with other products shall not exceed 60°C.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. The broccoli seeds obtained through space breeding effectively increased the content of effective ingredients such as sulforaphane in the seeds, providing richer raw materials for subsequent extraction.

[0020] 2. The unique water extraction process, especially the control of extraction temperature and extraction time in the staged extraction process, significantly improves the yield of sulforaphane.

[0021] 3. The vacuum freeze-drying technology is used to retain the activity and nutritional components of sulforaphane to the greatest extent, avoiding the loss and deterioration of components that may be caused by traditional drying methods.

[0022] 4. The aqueous solution of sulforaphane has poor stability at high temperature and is easy to decompose under alkaline conditions. Maltodextrin is a starch hydrolysis product with a DE value of 5-20 and low hygroscopicity. The addition of maltodextrin significantly improves the agglomeration and stratification phenomenon that common powdery substances on the market are prone to when stored in the air. With the excellent carrier properties and stability of maltodextrin, the embedding effect of sulforaphane effectively enhances the stability of sulforaphane and extends the shelf life and application range of the product.

[0023] 5. The prepared water extract freeze-dried powder has a solubility of 85 and extremely high bioavailability. It is convenient to drink alone or in combination with other products, meeting the needs of different consumers.

[0024] 6. The present invention opens up a new way for the comprehensive utilization of broccoli seeds, improves the economic value of broccoli, and helps promote the development of related industries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Picture of broccoli seeds bred for space (Broccoli seeds Shenzhou-10 XH001). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but is not limited thereto.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] A space-bred broccoli seed, the space-bred broccoli seed deposit number is: CCTCC NO: P202423, the deposit unit is: China Center for Type Culture Collection, address is Wuhan, China; the deposit date is August 29, 2024, and the classification name is broccoli seed Shenzhou XH001 Brassica L., the space-bred broccoli seed has a sulforaphane active ingredient content of 9.2 mg / g, Figure 1 Picture of broccoli seeds bred for space (Broccoli seeds Shenzhou-10 XH001).

[0029] The method for preparing freeze-dried powder of water extract of space-bred broccoli seeds specifically comprises the following steps:

[0030] S1: Raw material preparation, the mass of broccoli seeds is 5 kg. Remove the debris from the space-bred broccoli seeds and set aside; the debris includes weeds and gravel.

[0031] S2: crushing, using a crusher to crush the space-bred broccoli seeds after S1 to obtain the crushed space-bred broccoli seed coarse powder, and passing it through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain space-bred broccoli seed fine powder;

[0032] S3: extraction, adding 3 times the weight of purified water to the fine powder of space-bred broccoli seeds and soaking for 30 minutes, heating to 55°C, performing the first extraction, the first extraction time is 3 hours, and collecting the extract of the first extraction; adding 3 times the weight of purified water of the broccoli seed fine powder residue, heating to 55°C, performing the second extraction, the second extraction time is 2 hours, and collecting the extract of the second extraction; the yield of sulforaphane after the first extraction is 59%, and the cumulative yield after the second extraction is 78%;

[0033] S4: Combine the extracts and concentrate them, vacuum degree 0.07Mpa, temperature 55℃, combine the extracts from the two extractions and concentrate them, the density of the concentrate is 1.1g / cm 3 , obtain one mass of concentrated liquid according to one mass of broccoli seeds, and collect the concentrated liquid;

[0034] S5: freeze-drying, adding maltodextrin to the concentrate to make freeze-dried powder, the mass ratio of the concentrate to maltodextrin is 10:1, the freezing temperature is -50°C, the vacuum degree is 0.1Mpa, and the heating temperature is 20°C to obtain freeze-dried powder of water extract of space-bred broccoli seeds with a moisture content of 6.0%.

[0035] The freeze-dried powder can be brewed alone or mixed with other products, and the solubility is 85. The brewing temperature for brewing alone or mixed with other products does not exceed 60°C.

[0036] Comparative Example 1

[0037] A common broccoli seed, with a sulforaphane active ingredient content of 6.12 mg / g.

[0038] The method for preparing freeze-dried powder of water extract of broccoli seeds specifically comprises the following steps:

[0039] S1: Raw material preparation, the mass of broccoli seeds is 5 kg. Remove the broccoli seeds from debris, such as weeds and gravel, and set aside.

[0040] S2: crushing, using a crusher to crush the broccoli seeds after S1 to obtain crushed broccoli seed coarse powder, and passing through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain broccoli seed fine powder;

[0041] S3: extraction, adding 3 times the weight of purified water to the broccoli seed powder and soaking for 30 minutes, heating to 55°C, performing a first extraction, the first extraction time is 3 hours, and collecting the extract of the first extraction; adding 3 times the weight of purified water to the broccoli seed powder residue, heating to 55°C, performing a second extraction, the second extraction time is 2 hours, and collecting the extract of the second extraction; the yield of sulforaphane after the first extraction is 59%, and the cumulative yield after the second extraction is 77%;

[0042] S4: Combine the extracts and concentrate them, vacuum degree 0.07Mpa, temperature 55℃, combine the extracts from the two extractions and concentrate them, the density of the concentrate is 1.0g / cm 3 , obtain one mass of concentrated liquid according to one mass of broccoli seeds, and collect the concentrated liquid;

[0043] S5: freeze-drying, adding maltodextrin to the concentrate to prepare freeze-dried powder, the mass ratio of the concentrate to maltodextrin is 10:1, the freezing temperature is -50°C, the vacuum degree is 0.1 MPa, the heating temperature is 20°C, and the water extract freeze-dried powder of broccoli seeds is obtained, and the moisture content is 7.0%.

[0044] Comparative Example 2

[0045] A space-bred broccoli seed, wherein the content of the active ingredient sulforaphane in the space-bred broccoli seed is 9.2 mg / g.

[0046] The method for preparing freeze-dried powder of water extract of space-bred broccoli seeds specifically comprises the following steps:

[0047] S1: Raw material preparation, the mass of broccoli seeds is 5 kg. Remove the debris from the space-bred broccoli seeds and set aside; the debris includes weeds and gravel.

[0048] S2: crushing, using a crusher to crush the space-bred broccoli seeds after S1 to obtain the crushed space-bred broccoli seed coarse powder, and passing it through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain space-bred broccoli seed fine powder;

[0049] S3: extraction, adding 3 times the weight of purified water to the fine powder of space-bred broccoli seeds and soaking for 30 minutes, heating to 55°C, performing the first extraction, the first extraction time is 3 hours, and collecting the extract of the first extraction; adding 3 times the weight of purified water of the broccoli seed fine powder residue, heating to 54°C, performing the second extraction, the second extraction time is 2 hours, and collecting the extract of the second extraction; the yield of sulforaphane after the first extraction is 60%, and the cumulative yield after the second extraction is 77%;

[0050] S4: Combine the extracts and concentrate them, vacuum degree 0.07Mpa, temperature 55℃, combine the extracts from the two extractions and concentrate them, the density of the concentrate is 1.1g / cm 3 , obtain one mass of concentrated liquid according to one mass of broccoli seeds, and collect the concentrated liquid;

[0051] S5: Drying, the drying temperature is 100°C, and the drying time is 24h.

[0052] Table 1: Effect of maltodextrin on sulforaphane content at high temperature (60°C)

[0053]

[0054] Table 2: Effect of maltodextrin on sulforaphane content under alkaline conditions

[0055]

[0056] Table 3: Sulforaphane content in broccoli seeds of different varieties

[0057] type Sulforaphane content (mg / g) Mandala Green 2.90 Yan Xiu 6.12 Sarea 6 4.5 Zhongqing No.2 6.17 Green Crown 303 4.05 Broccoli Seed God+XH001 9.2

[0058] Table 4: Experimental data of 5 kg broccoli seeds

[0059]

[0060] The above examples are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A space-bred broccoli seed, characterized in that: The space-bred broccoli seeds have a preservation number of CCTCC NO: P202423, and the preservation unit is China Center for Type Culture Collection. The content of the active ingredient sulforaphane in the space-bred broccoli seeds is 9.2 mg / g.

2. A method for preparing freeze-dried powder of water extract of space-bred broccoli seeds, comprising extracting the effective ingredient sulforaphane from the space-bred broccoli seeds of claim 1 to prepare freeze-dried powder of water extract, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1: Raw material preparation, remove debris from space-bred broccoli seeds and set aside; S2: crushing, using a crusher to crush the space-bred broccoli seeds after S1 to obtain the crushed space-bred broccoli seed coarse powder, and passing it through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain space-bred broccoli seed fine powder; S3: extraction, adding 3 times the weight of water to the fine powder of space-bred broccoli seeds and soaking it for 30 minutes, heating it to 53°C-57°C, performing the first extraction, the first extraction time is 3 hours, and collecting the extract of the first extraction; adding 3 times the weight of water of the broccoli seed fine powder filter residue, heating it to 53°C-57°C, performing the second extraction, the second extraction time is 2 hours, and collecting the extract of the second extraction; the yield of sulforaphane after the first extraction is 57%-63%, and the cumulative yield after the second extraction is 73%-80%; S4: Combine the extracts and concentrate them, with a vacuum degree of 0.06Mpa-0.08Mpa and a temperature of 50℃-55℃. Combine the extracts from the two extractions and concentrate them. The density of the concentrate is 1.0g / cm 3 -1.2g / cm 3 , obtain one mass of concentrated liquid according to one mass of broccoli seeds, and collect the concentrated liquid; S5: freeze-drying, adding maltodextrin to the concentrate to prepare freeze-drying, freezing temperature -50°C, vacuum degree 0.1Mpa, heating temperature 20°C, to obtain freeze-dried powder of water extract of space-bred broccoli seeds, the moisture content of which shall not exceed 8.0%, and the final recovery amount of sulforaphane is in the range of 26g / 5kg seeds to 35g / 5kg seeds.

3. The method for preparing freeze-dried powder of water extract of space-bred broccoli seeds according to claim 2, characterized in that: The debris described in S1 is weeds and gravel.

4. The method for preparing freeze-dried powder of water extract of space-bred broccoli seeds according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the concentrate to maltodextrin in S5 is 10:

1.

5. An application of a freeze-dried powder of a water extract of broccoli seeds bred in space, wherein the freeze-dried powder of a water extract of broccoli seeds bred in space is extracted by the method for preparing the freeze-dried powder of a water extract of broccoli seeds bred in space according to claim 2, characterized in that The freeze-dried powder can be consumed alone or in combination with other products, and its solubility is 85.

6. The use of the freeze-dried powder of water extract of space-bred broccoli seeds according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation temperature for drinking alone or in combination with other products should not exceed 60℃.

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