Geological mineral exploration sample crusher

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of ore sample crushing, in particular to a geological mineral exploration sample crusher, which comprises a crushing roller. The crushing roller comprises a rotating shaft, and a roller body is mounted on the periphery of the rotating shaft. A plurality of installation grooves one are formed on the periphery of the roller body. A first jacking mechanism level protruding assembly is fixedly installed at the bottom of the installation groove one. The protruding assembly comprises a protruding plate, a plurality of installation grooves two are formed on the top surface of the protruding plate, and a movable tooth is slidably installed in the installation groove two. A second jacking mechanism is arranged in the protruding plate. The roller body, the protruding assembly and the first jacking mechanism are cooperatively arranged, and the roller body surface can be flexibly switched among smooth surface, concave-convex surface and tooth surface through the cooperative arrangement of the protruding plate and the second jacking assembly. The roller body surface has three kinds of work modes which can be flexibly switched. The switchable roller surface structure breaks through the single function of the traditional crushing roller, and has significant value in cost reduction and efficiency improvement, resource intensification and environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ore sample crushing technology, specifically a geological and mineral exploration sample crusher. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of geological and mineral exploration, rock or mineral samples are usually in the form of blocks. They need to be crushed to obtain smaller particles, which facilitates subsequent separation, analysis and testing.

[0003] In existing technology, roller crushers are widely used mechanical equipment for crushing ores, rocks, and other materials. They mainly consist of crushing rollers and an adjusting device for adjusting the gap between the two rollers. Common adjustment methods include manual screw adjustment or hydraulic adjustment. During operation, ore enters the crushing chamber of the crusher through the feed inlet. The two rollers of the crusher rotate in opposite directions, forming a pinch zone when close together and a material passage zone when far apart. The roller crusher uses compression and shearing forces to crush materials through the two relatively rotating rollers.

[0004] However, existing roller crushers still have the following shortcomings in use:

[0005] Traditional roller crushers have fixed roller surface structures (such as smooth rollers, toothed rollers, or grooved rollers), and their design is usually optimized for single material characteristics (such as hardness, particle size, or moisture content). Different materials require specific roller surface structures. For example, smooth rollers are suitable for fine crushing of brittle materials, while high-hardness ores require toothed rollers for coarse crushing. This necessitates users purchasing multiple machines or frequently replacing the rollers, limiting the flexibility of crushing operations. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a geological and mineral exploration sample crusher to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A sample crusher for geological and mineral exploration includes a crushing box and crushing rollers. A feed bin is fixedly installed at the top center of the crushing box, and the bottom of the crushing box is open with a discharge funnel fixedly installed at the bottom. The crushing box is provided with an installation mechanism for symmetrically installing two crushing rollers, and the installation mechanism includes a motor for driving the crushing rollers. Each crushing roller includes a rotating shaft, and a roller body is fixedly installed at the center of the outer periphery of the rotating shaft. Multiple mounting grooves are formed on the outer periphery of the roller body. The mounting grooves are parallel to the length direction of the roller body, and the multiple mounting grooves are circumferentially arrayed about the axis of the roller body.

[0009] Both ends of the mounting groove are provided with through grooves. A first lifting mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of the mounting groove. A protruding component is also slidably installed in the mounting groove. The bottom surface of the protruding component is connected to the first lifting mechanism through a transmission.

[0010] The protruding assembly includes a protruding plate slidably installed in a mounting groove one. The bottom surface of the protruding plate is provided with inclined surfaces one at both ends for use with the first lifting mechanism. Multiple mounting grooves two are arrayed along the length direction on the top surface of the protruding plate. The multiple mounting grooves two form multiple fixed teeth on the upper part of the protruding plate. Movable teeth are slidably installed in the mounting grooves two. The movable teeth slide in contact with the inner wall of the mounting groove one and the side of the adjacent fixed teeth.

[0011] The protrusion assembly also includes a second lifting mechanism installed in the protrusion plate, the second lifting mechanism being used to simultaneously drive the lifting and lowering of multiple of the movable teeth;

[0012] One end of the outer periphery of the rotating shaft is equipped with a first adjustment mechanism for simultaneously driving multiple sets of first lifting mechanisms, and the other end of the outer periphery of the rotating shaft is equipped with a second adjustment mechanism for cooperating with the first adjustment mechanism to simultaneously control multiple sets of second lifting mechanisms.

[0013] Furthermore, the first lifting mechanism includes a fixed base and a reset assembly;

[0014] The mounting slot 1 has fixed seats at both ends of its top surface. A bidirectional screw is rotatably mounted between the two fixed seats. Two symmetrically arranged lifting blocks are threaded through the periphery of the bidirectional screw. The two sides of the lifting blocks slide in contact with the inner wall of the mounting slot 1, and the bottom surface of the lifting blocks slides in contact with the bottom surface of the mounting slot 1. The top surface of the lifting blocks has a second inclined surface at one end near the middle of the bidirectional screw, which works in conjunction with the first inclined surface.

[0015] The end of the bidirectional lead screw near the first adjustment mechanism rotates through the corresponding fixed seat and is then fixedly connected to a gear two.

[0016] The reset assembly is fixedly installed in the middle of the bottom surface of the mounting groove. The reset assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the convex plate, and the reset assembly is rotatably connected to the bidirectional lead screw.

[0017] Furthermore, the reset assembly includes multiple mounting blocks fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting groove, the multiple mounting blocks being arrayed along the length direction of the mounting groove, and the mounting blocks being rotatably connected to the bidirectional lead screw through the groove.

[0018] A spring is fixedly connected to the top surface of the mounting block, and the top end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the convex plate.

[0019] Furthermore, the first adjustment mechanism includes a damped rotatable gear one mounted on the periphery of the rotating shaft, the gear one meshing with multiple gears two simultaneously;

[0020] Multiple handles are fixedly mounted on the side of the gear away from the roller body, arranged in a circumferential array about the axis of rotation.

[0021] Furthermore, the second lifting mechanism includes a mounting shaft, which is rotatably mounted between the fixed teeth at both ends of the convex plate, and the mounting shaft rotatably passes through the multiple fixed teeth in the middle.

[0022] The connection position between the mounting shaft and the fixed tooth is close to the bottom of the second mounting groove. Multiple cams are fixedly installed through the periphery of the mounting shaft. The number of multiple cams is equal to the number of multiple second mounting grooves, and the multiple cams are respectively located in the multiple second mounting grooves.

[0023] The radius of the larger end of the cam is equal to the distance between the axis of the mounting shaft and the bottom surface of the mounting groove. The sides of the cam opposite to the two adjacent fixed teeth slide in contact with the fixed teeth at the corresponding positions.

[0024] The end of the mounting shaft away from the first gear rotates through the corresponding fixed tooth and is then fixedly mounted with the third gear.

[0025] Furthermore, the second lifting mechanism also includes a second spring, and the bottom surface of the movable tooth is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the mounting groove at the four corners.

[0026] Furthermore, the second adjustment mechanism includes a damped rotatable mounting plate mounted on the periphery of the rotating shaft, the mounting plate being located on the side of the gear three away from the roller body;

[0027] An internal gear and a limiting gear, coaxial with the mounting plate, are fixedly installed on the side of the mounting plate near the gear three. The internal gear surrounds the outside of the multiple gear threes, and the limiting gear is located inside the multiple gear threes.

[0028] When the convex plate is in the lifting state, multiple gears are engaged with the internal gear. When the top surface of the convex plate is aligned with the surface of the roller, multiple gears are engaged with the limiting gear.

[0029] Multiple handles are fixedly mounted on the side of the mounting plate away from gear three, arranged in a circumferential array about the axis of the mounting plate.

[0030] A positioning component is provided between the side of the mounting plate away from gear three and the periphery of the rotating shaft.

[0031] Furthermore, the positioning component includes a positioning hole one, a positioning hole two, and a positioning plate fixedly installed on the side of the mounting plate. Both the positioning hole one and the positioning hole two are opened on the rotating shaft, the axes of the positioning hole one and the positioning hole two are in the same plane, and the axes of the positioning hole one and the positioning hole two are perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft.

[0032] The bottom surface of the positioning plate is an arc surface coaxial with the rotating shaft, and the bottom surface of the positioning plate slides in contact with the outer periphery of the rotating shaft.

[0033] The top surface of the positioning plate is threaded with a locking bolt that mates with positioning hole one and positioning hole two.

[0034] When the movable tooth is in the raised state, the front end of the locking bolt is located in the second positioning hole; when the movable tooth is in the retracted state, the front end of the locking bolt is located in the first positioning hole.

[0035] Furthermore, the top surfaces of the movable teeth and the fixed teeth are arc surfaces with the same curvature, and the curvature of the top surfaces of the mounting plate and the fixed teeth is equal to the curvature of the roller surface.

[0036] Furthermore, the installation mechanism includes guide rods and hydraulic cylinders, and four guide rods are fixedly connected between two opposite sides of the crushing box, with the four guide rods arranged in a rectangular pattern.

[0037] The hydraulic cylinders are fixedly installed on the two outer sides of the crushing box. The telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder slides through the crushing box to the inside of the crushing box and is fixedly connected to a U-shaped mounting seat. The crushing roller is rotatably installed in the U-shaped mounting seat. The motor for driving the crushing roller is fixedly installed on one side of the U-shaped mounting seat.

[0038] Both ends of the U-shaped mounting base are fixedly connected to sliders on the top and bottom surfaces, and the end of the slider away from the U-shaped mounting base is slidably connected to the guide rod at the corresponding position.

[0039] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0040] 1. The crushing roller is configured with a roller body, a raised assembly, a first lifting mechanism, and a first adjusting mechanism, allowing the roller body surface to flexibly switch between a smooth surface and a concave-convex surface. Furthermore, the second adjusting mechanism, in conjunction with the raised plate and the second lifting assembly, enables the roller body surface to flexibly switch between a concave-convex surface and a toothed surface. This results in three flexibly switchable working modes for the roller body surface. This switchable roller surface structure breaks through the functional limitations of traditional crushing rollers, demonstrating significant value in cost reduction, efficiency improvement, resource intensification, and environmental protection. It is particularly suitable for application scenarios with complex material types and varied process requirements.

[0041] 2. In the second adjustment mechanism of the present invention, when the surface of the roller body is smooth, the meshing of the limiting gear with multiple gears three can circumferentially limit the multiple gears three, thereby ensuring the stability of the cam position state and improving the stability of the smooth surface shape of the roller body. During the process of the convex plate being lifted, the distance between the gear three and the rotating shaft gradually increases. When the convex plate is fully lifted, the multiple gears three mesh with the internal gear. At this time, by rotating the mounting plate, the internal gear can simultaneously drive the multiple gears three to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the mounting shaft. That is, the function of quickly switching from concave-convex shape to tooth surface shape is realized, which improves the ease of use of the present invention.

[0042] 3. By setting up the positioning component, the present invention can limit the relative rotation between the mounting plate and the rotating shaft during operation, thereby improving the structural stability of the device. At the same time, by locking the bolts in conjunction with the positioning holes one and two, the driving rotation angle of the internal gear to the gear three can be precisely controlled, thereby ensuring the consistency of the cam before and after switching between concave and convex shapes and tooth surface shapes, providing convenience for the user's switching operation. Attached Figure Description

[0043] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the crushing roller in this invention;

[0046] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of section A;

[0047] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of section C;

[0048] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of section B;

[0049] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 A three-dimensional diagram from another angle;

[0050] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of section D;

[0051] Figure 8 yes Figure 7Enlarged view of section E in the middle;

[0052] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the convex plate and the roller body in this invention;

[0053] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 Enlarged view of section F in the middle;

[0054] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 Enlarged view of section G in the middle;

[0055] Figure 12 yes Figure 10 Enlarged view of section H in the middle;

[0056] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanism showing the positional state between gear three and the internal gear when the upper part of the convex plate protrudes from the surface of the roller body;

[0057] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanism showing the position of gear three and the internal gear when the upper part of the convex plate is located in the mounting groove one;

[0058] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the upper part of the convex plate is in an aligned state in this invention;

[0059] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the movable teeth and the cam when the upper part of the convex plate is in the aligned state;

[0060] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the convex plate under the tooth surface morphology;

[0061] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the movable tooth and the cam under the tooth surface morphology;

[0062] Figure 19 This is a structural diagram showing the connection between the U-shaped mounting base and the guide rod;

[0063] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0064] 1-Crushing box, 2-Feed bin, 3-Discharge hopper, 4-Hydraulic cylinder, 5-Guide rod, 6-Slider, 7-U-shaped mounting base, 8-Motor, 9-Crushing roller, 10-Roller body, 11-Protruding assembly, 12-Mounting groove one, 13-Through groove, 14-Rotating shaft, 15-Gear one, 16-Handle one, 17-Protruding plate, 18-Lifting block, 19-Gear two, 20-Double-acting screw, 21-Fixed seat, 22-Mounting plate, 23-Internal gear, 24-Gear three, 25-Mounting shaft, 26-Handle two, 27-Inclined surface one, 28-Inclined surface two, 29-Mounting block, 30-Spring one, 33-Moving gear, 34-Fixed gear, 35-Cam, 36-Spring two, 37-Mounting groove two, 38-Positioning plate, 39-Locking bolt, 40-Positioning hole one, 41-Positioning hole two, 42-Limit gear. Detailed Implementation

[0065] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] Example 1:

[0067] Please see Figures 1 to 18 In this embodiment of the invention, a sample crusher for geological and mineral exploration includes a crushing box 1 and crushing rollers 9. A feed bin 2 is fixedly installed at the middle of the top of the crushing box 1. The bottom of the crushing box 1 is open and a discharge funnel 3 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the crushing box 1. An installation mechanism for symmetrically installing two crushing rollers 9 is provided in the crushing box 1. The installation mechanism includes a motor 8 for driving the crushing rollers 9. The crushing rollers 9 include a rotating shaft 14. A roller body 10 is fixedly installed at the middle of the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 14. Multiple mounting grooves 12 are opened on the outer periphery of the roller body 10. The mounting grooves 12 are parallel to the length direction of the roller body 10, and the multiple mounting grooves 12 are circumferentially arrayed about the axis of the roller body 10.

[0068] Both ends of the mounting groove 12 are provided with through grooves 13. The bottom of the mounting groove 12 is fixedly installed with a first lifting mechanism. A protruding component 11 is also slidably installed in the mounting groove 12. The bottom surface of the protruding component 11 is connected to the first lifting mechanism through a transmission.

[0069] The protruding assembly 11 includes a protruding plate 17 that is slidably installed in the mounting groove 12. The bottom surface of the protruding plate 17 is provided with inclined surfaces 27 at both ends for use with the first lifting mechanism. Multiple mounting grooves 37 are arrayed along the length direction on the top surface of the protruding plate 17. The multiple mounting grooves 37 form multiple fixed teeth 34 on the upper part of the protruding plate 17. Movable teeth 33 are slidably installed in the mounting grooves 37. The movable teeth 33 slide in contact with the inner wall of the mounting groove 12 and the side of the adjacent fixed teeth 34.

[0070] The protrusion assembly 11 also includes a second lifting mechanism installed in the protrusion plate 17, which is used to simultaneously drive the lifting and lowering of multiple movable teeth 33;

[0071] One end of the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 14 is equipped with a first adjustment mechanism for simultaneously driving multiple sets of first lifting mechanisms, and the other end of the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 14 is equipped with a second adjustment mechanism for cooperating with the first adjustment mechanism to simultaneously control multiple sets of second lifting mechanisms.

[0072] The top surfaces of the movable tooth 33 and the fixed tooth 34 are arc surfaces with the same curvature, and the curvature of the top surfaces of the mounting plate 22 and the fixed tooth 34 is equal to the curvature of the surface of the roller body 10.

[0073] The first lifting mechanism includes a fixed base 21 and a reset assembly;

[0074] Fixed seats 21 are fixedly installed at both ends of the top surface of the mounting groove 12. A double-acting screw 20 is rotatably installed between the two fixed seats 21. Two symmetrically arranged lifting blocks 18 are installed through threads on the periphery of the double-acting screw 20. The two sides of the lifting blocks 18 slide in contact with the inner wall of the mounting groove 12, and the bottom surface of the lifting blocks 18 slides in contact with the bottom surface of the mounting groove 12. An inclined surface 28 is provided at one end of the top surface of the lifting blocks 18 near the middle of the double-acting screw 20, which is used to cooperate with the inclined surface 27.

[0075] The end of the bidirectional lead screw 20 closest to the first adjustment mechanism rotates through the corresponding fixed seat 21 and is then fixedly connected to a gear 19;

[0076] The reset assembly is fixedly installed in the middle of the bottom surface of the mounting groove 12. The reset assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the protrusion plate 17, and the reset assembly is rotatably connected to the bidirectional lead screw 20.

[0077] The reset assembly includes multiple mounting blocks 29 fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting groove 12. The multiple mounting blocks 29 are arranged in an array along the length direction of the mounting groove 12, and the mounting blocks 29 are rotatably connected to the bidirectional lead screw 20.

[0078] A spring 30 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the mounting block 29. The top end of the spring 30 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the convex plate 17. It should be noted that the spring 30 is always in a stretched state to prevent the convex plate 17 from shifting due to centrifugal force during operation.

[0079] The first adjustment mechanism includes a damped rotatable gear 15 mounted on the periphery of the rotating shaft 14, which simultaneously meshes with multiple gears 19.

[0080] A plurality of handles 16 are fixedly mounted on the side of gear 15 away from roller 10, arranged in a circumferential array about the axis of shaft 14.

[0081] The second lifting mechanism includes a mounting shaft 25, which is rotatably mounted between the fixing teeth 34 at both ends of the convex plate 17, and the mounting shaft 25 rotatably passes through the multiple fixing teeth 34 in the middle.

[0082] The connection position between the mounting shaft 25 and the fixing tooth 34 is close to the bottom of the mounting groove 37. Multiple cams 35 are fixedly installed through the periphery of the mounting shaft 25. The number of multiple cams 35 is equal to the number of multiple mounting grooves 37, and the multiple cams 35 are respectively located in the multiple mounting grooves 37.

[0083] The radius of the larger end of the cam 35 is equal to the distance between the axis of the mounting shaft 25 and the bottom surface of the mounting groove 37. The sides of the cam 35 and the two adjacent fixed teeth 34 that are opposite to each other slide in contact with the fixed teeth 34 at the corresponding positions.

[0084] After the end of the mounting shaft 25 away from gear 15 rotates through the corresponding fixed tooth 34, gear 324 is fixedly installed.

[0085] The second lifting mechanism also includes a second spring 36. The bottom surface of the movable tooth 33 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the mounting groove 37 near each of the four corners. The second spring 36 is always under tension to prevent the movable tooth 33 from shifting due to centrifugal force during operation.

[0086] In geological and mineral exploration, rock or mineral samples are usually in block form and need to be crushed to obtain smaller particles for subsequent separation, analysis, and testing. In existing technology, roller crushers are widely used mechanical equipment for crushing ores, rocks, and other materials. However, the surface structure of existing roller crushers is fixed (such as smooth rollers, toothed rollers, or grooved rollers), and their design is usually tailored to single material characteristics (such as hardness, particle size, or moisture content). Different materials require specific roller surface structures. For example, smooth rollers are suitable for fine crushing of brittle materials, while high-hardness ores require coarse crushing with toothed rollers. This necessitates users purchasing multiple machines or frequently replacing the rollers, limiting the flexibility of the crushing operation.

[0087] When using this invention:

[0088] In this invention, the surface of the crushing roller 9 has three switchable working modes: smooth surface, concave-convex surface, and toothed surface.

[0089] I. When the surface is smooth:

[0090] When the movable tooth 33 is in the lifting state, the top surface of the movable tooth 33 is aligned with the top surface of the fixed tooth 34, and the top surface of the convex plate 17 is a continuous arc surface; at the same time, the convex plate 17 is located in the mounting groove 12, and the top surface of the convex plate 17 is in contact with the surface of the roller body 10, so that the surface of the roller body 10 is a smooth surface.

[0091] When the top surfaces of the movable tooth 33 and the fixed tooth 34 are aligned, the cam 35 is in a vertical position to lift and support the movable tooth 33, and at this time the spring 36 is stretched to a greater extent.

[0092] When the top surface of the convex plate 17 is in contact with the surface of the roller body 10, the two lifting blocks 18 are located at the two ends of the mounting groove 12, and the inclined surface 27 at the bottom of the convex plate 17 is in contact with the inclined surface 28 of the lifting block 18.

[0093] II. In the case of concave-convex shapes:

[0094] When it is necessary to switch from a smooth surface to a concave-convex surface, the handle 16 rotates the gear 15. The gear 15 simultaneously drives multiple gears 19 to rotate synchronously and in the same direction, causing the two lifting blocks 18 in the mounting groove 12 to move closer together. Then, the pressure of the inclined plane 28 and the inclined plane 27 causes the top of the convex plate 17 to be lifted to the outside of the mounting groove 12 until the top surface of the lifting block 18 contacts the bottom surface of the convex plate 17. At this time, multiple convex plates 17 form multiple strip-shaped protrusions on the surface of the roller body 10. Therefore, the multiple circumferentially arrayed strip-shaped protrusions make the surface of the roller body 10 form a concave-convex surface.

[0095] At this point, the degree of stretching of spring 30 increases;

[0096] Similarly, when it is necessary to switch from a concave-convex form to a smooth form, the gear 15 drives multiple gears 2 19 to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby causing the two lifting blocks 18 to reset in the mounting groove 12. During the process, multiple springs 30 also drive the convex plate 17 to reset in the mounting groove 12, thereby realizing the switch from a concave-convex form to a smooth form.

[0097] III. When considering tooth surface morphology:

[0098] The tooth surface shape is a change based on the concave-convex shape. Specifically, the second adjustment mechanism drives multiple gears 24 to rotate synchronously and in the same direction, so that the cam 35 gradually changes to a horizontal state. At the same time, under the elastic force of multiple springs 36, the movable tooth 33 moves down. At this time, the top surface of the movable tooth 33 is aligned with the surface of the roller body 10, so the upper part of the convex plate 17 is only the top of the fixed tooth 34 forming a protrusion on the surface of the roller body 10, thereby preventing the roller body 10 from changing from a concave-convex shape to a tooth surface shape.

[0099] Similarly, by rotating the mounting shaft 25 in the opposite direction to drive the cam 35 to reset to the position where the movable tooth 33 is lifted, the tooth surface shape can be switched to a concave-convex shape.

[0100] Therefore, in the crushing roller 9 of the present invention, the roller body 10, the protrusion assembly 11, the first lifting mechanism and the first adjusting mechanism are arranged in a coordinated manner, so that the surface of the roller body 10 can be flexibly switched between a smooth surface and a concave-convex surface; and the second adjusting mechanism and the protrusion assembly 11 are arranged in a coordinated manner with the protrusion plate 17 and the second lifting assembly, so that the surface of the roller body 10 can be flexibly switched between a concave-convex surface and a toothed surface, thereby giving the surface of the roller body 10 three flexibly switchable working modes. Through the switchable roller surface structure, the functional singleness of the traditional crushing roller is broken, which has significant value in terms of cost reduction and efficiency improvement, resource intensification and environmental protection, and is especially suitable for application scenarios with complex material types and varied process requirements.

[0101] Example 2:

[0102] Please see Figure 2 , Figures 5-8 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 Based on embodiment 1, the second adjustment mechanism includes a damped rotating mounting plate 22 mounted on the periphery of the rotating shaft 14, with the mounting plate 22 located on the side of the gear 3 24 away from the roller body 10;

[0103] An internal gear 23 and a limiting gear 42, which are coaxial with the mounting plate 22, are fixedly installed on the side of the mounting plate 22 near the gear 3 24. The internal gear 23 surrounds the outside of the multiple gear 3 24, and the limiting gear 42 is located inside the multiple gear 3 24.

[0104] When the convex plate 17 is in the lifting state, multiple gears 24 are engaged with the internal gear 23. When the top surface of the convex plate 17 is aligned with the surface of the roller body 10, multiple gears 24 are engaged with the limiting gear 42.

[0105] Multiple handles 26 are fixedly mounted on the side of the mounting plate 22 away from the gear 3 24, arranged in a circumferential array about the axis of the mounting plate 22;

[0106] A positioning component is provided between the side of the mounting plate 22 away from the gear 3 24 and the outer periphery of the shaft 14.

[0107] When the surface of the roller body 10 is smooth, that is, when the top surface of the convex plate 17 is aligned with the surface of the roller body 10, the meshing of the limiting gear 42 with the multiple gears 24 can circumferentially limit the multiple gears 24, thereby ensuring the stability of the position state of the cam 35 and improving the stability of the smooth surface shape of the roller body 10.

[0108] During the process of lifting the convex plate 17, the distance between the gear 24 and the rotating shaft 14 gradually increases. When the convex plate 17 is fully lifted, the multiple gears 24 mesh with the internal gear 23. At this time, by rotating the mounting plate 22, the internal gear 23 can drive the multiple gears 24 to rotate simultaneously, thereby realizing the rotation of the mounting shaft 25. This achieves the function of quickly switching from the concave-convex shape to the tooth surface shape, improving the ease of use of the present invention.

[0109] Example 3:

[0110] Please see Figure 13 and Figure 14 Based on embodiment 2, the positioning component includes positioning hole 1 40, positioning hole 2 41 and positioning plate 38 fixedly installed on the side of mounting plate 22. Positioning hole 1 40 and positioning hole 2 41 are both opened on the rotating shaft 14. The axes of positioning hole 1 40 and positioning hole 2 41 are in the same plane, and the axes of positioning hole 1 40 and positioning hole 2 41 are perpendicular to the axis of rotating shaft 14.

[0111] The bottom surface of the positioning plate 38 is an arc surface coaxial with the rotating shaft 14, and the bottom surface of the positioning plate 38 slides in contact with the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 14.

[0112] The top surface of the positioning plate 38 is threaded with a locking bolt 39 that mates with the positioning hole 40 and the positioning hole 41.

[0113] When the movable tooth 33 is in the raised state, the front end of the locking bolt 39 is located in the second positioning hole 41. When the movable tooth 33 is in the retracted state, the front end of the locking bolt 39 is located in the first positioning hole 40.

[0114] By setting the positioning components, the relative rotation between the mounting plate 22 and the rotating shaft 14 can be restricted during operation, which improves the structural stability of the device. At the same time, by locking the bolts 39 in conjunction with the positioning holes 40 and 41, the driving rotation angle of the internal gear 23 to the gear 24 can be precisely controlled, thereby ensuring the consistency of the cam 35 before and after switching between concave and convex shapes and tooth surface shapes, providing convenience for the user's switching operation.

[0115] Example 4:

[0116] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 19 Based on embodiment 3, the installation mechanism includes guide rods 5 and hydraulic cylinders 4. Four guide rods 5 are fixedly connected between two opposite sides of the crushing box 1, and the four guide rods 5 are distributed in a rectangular shape.

[0117] Hydraulic cylinders 4 are fixedly installed on both outer sides of the crushing box 1. The telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 4 slides through the crushing box 1 to the interior of the crushing box 1 and is fixedly connected to a U-shaped mounting seat 7. A crushing roller 9 is rotatably installed in the U-shaped mounting seat 7. A motor 8 for driving the crushing roller 9 is fixedly installed on one side of the U-shaped mounting seat 7.

[0118] Both ends of the U-shaped mounting base 7 are fixedly connected to sliders 6 on the top and bottom surfaces. The end of the slider 6 away from the U-shaped mounting base 7 is slidably connected to the guide rod 5 at the corresponding position.

[0119] In the installation mechanism, the distance between the two crushing rollers 9 can be flexibly adjusted within a certain range by controlling the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 4. This not only improves the practicality of the device but also adapts to the switching requirements of the crushing mode of the crushing rollers 9.

[0120] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A sample crusher for geological and mineral exploration, comprising a crushing box (1) and crushing rollers (9), wherein a feed hopper (2) is fixedly installed at the middle position of the top of the crushing box (1), and a discharge funnel (3) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the crushing box (1); wherein the crushing box (1) is provided with an installation mechanism for symmetrically installing two crushing rollers (9), and the installation mechanism includes a motor (8) for driving the crushing rollers (9); characterized in that, The crushing roller (9) includes a rotating shaft (14), and a roller body (10) is fixedly installed at the middle position of the outer periphery of the rotating shaft (14). Multiple mounting grooves (12) are opened on the outer periphery of the roller body (10). The mounting grooves (12) are parallel to the length direction of the roller body (10), and the multiple mounting grooves (12) are arranged in a circumferential array about the axis of the roller body (10). Both ends of the mounting groove (12) are provided with through grooves (13). The bottom of the mounting groove (12) is fixedly installed with a first lifting mechanism. A protruding component (11) is also slidably installed in the mounting groove (12). The bottom surface of the protruding component (11) is connected to the first lifting mechanism through a transmission. The protruding component (11) includes a protruding plate (17) that is slidably installed in a mounting groove (12). The bottom surface of the protruding plate (17) is provided with inclined surfaces (27) at both ends. Multiple mounting grooves (37) are arrayed along the length direction on the top surface of the protruding plate (17). The multiple mounting grooves (37) form multiple fixed teeth (34). Movable teeth (33) are slidably installed in the mounting grooves (37). The protrusion assembly (11) also includes a second lifting mechanism installed in the protrusion plate (17); One end of the outer periphery of the rotating shaft (14) is equipped with a first adjustment mechanism for simultaneously driving multiple sets of first lifting mechanisms, and the other end of the outer periphery of the rotating shaft (14) is equipped with a second adjustment mechanism for simultaneously controlling multiple sets of second lifting mechanisms; the second adjustment mechanism drives the movable tooth (33) to move down, the top surface of the movable tooth (33) is aligned with the surface of the roller body (10), and the upper part of the convex plate (17) forms a protrusion on the surface of the roller body (10) only through the top end of the fixed tooth (34).

2. The geological and mineral exploration sample crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first lifting mechanism includes a fixed base (21) and a reset assembly; The mounting slot 1 (12) has fixed seats (21) at both ends of its top surface. A two-way screw (20) is rotatably mounted between the two fixed seats (21). Two symmetrically arranged lifting blocks (18) are threaded through the periphery of the two-way screw (20). The two sides of the lifting blocks (18) slide in contact with the inner wall of the mounting slot 1 (12), and the bottom surface of the lifting blocks (18) slides in contact with the bottom surface of the mounting slot 1 (12). The top surface of the lifting blocks (18) has a second inclined surface (28) at one end near the middle of the two-way screw (20) that works in conjunction with the first inclined surface (27). The two-way lead screw (20) is rotated through the fixed seat (21) at the corresponding position and then fixedly connected to the gear two (19). The reset assembly is fixedly installed in the middle of the bottom surface of the mounting groove (12), and the reset assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the protrusion plate (17), and the reset assembly is rotatably connected to the bidirectional lead screw (20).

3. The geological and mineral exploration sample crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reset assembly includes multiple mounting blocks (29) fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the mounting groove (12). The multiple mounting blocks (29) are arranged in an array along the length direction of the mounting groove (12). The mounting blocks (29) are rotatably connected to the bidirectional lead screw (20). The top surface of the mounting block (29) is fixedly connected to a spring (30), and the top end of the spring (30) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the protrusion plate (17).

4. The geological and mineral exploration sample crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first adjustment mechanism includes a damped rotatable gear one (15) mounted on the periphery of the rotating shaft (14), and the gear one (15) meshes with multiple gear twos (19) simultaneously; On the side of the gear (15) away from the roller (10), a plurality of handles (16) are fixedly mounted in a circumferential array about the axis of the rotating shaft (14).

5. A geological and mineral exploration sample crusher according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second lifting mechanism includes a mounting shaft (25), and the mounting shaft (25) is rotatably mounted between the fixing teeth (34) at both ends of the convex plate (17), and the mounting shaft (25) rotatably passes through the middle fixing teeth (34). The connection position of the mounting shaft (25) and the fixed tooth (34) is close to the bottom of the mounting groove (37). Multiple cams (35) are fixedly installed through the periphery of the mounting shaft (25). The number of multiple cams (35) is equal to the number of multiple mounting grooves (37), and the multiple cams (35) are respectively located in the multiple mounting grooves (37). The radius of the larger end of the cam (35) is equal to the distance between the axis of the mounting shaft (25) and the bottom surface of the mounting groove (37). The sides of the cam (35) opposite to the two adjacent fixed teeth (34) slide in contact with the fixed teeth (34) at the corresponding positions. After the end of the mounting shaft (25) away from the gear one (15) rotates through the corresponding fixed tooth (34), the gear three (24) is fixedly installed.

6. A sample crusher for geological and mineral exploration according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second lifting mechanism also includes a second spring (36), and the bottom surface of the movable tooth (33) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the mounting groove (37) at the four corners.

7. A geological and mineral exploration sample crusher according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second adjustment mechanism includes a damped rotating mounting plate (22) mounted on the periphery of the rotating shaft (14), the mounting plate (22) being located on the side of the gear three (24) away from the roller body (10); The mounting plate (22) is fixedly mounted with an internal gear (23) and a limiting gear (42) coaxial with the mounting plate (22) on one side near the gear three (24). The internal gear (23) surrounds the outside of the multiple gear threes (24), and the limiting gear (42) is located inside the multiple gear threes (24). When the convex plate (17) is in the lifting state, multiple gears (24) are engaged with the internal gear (23). When the top surface of the convex plate (17) is aligned with the surface of the roller body (10), multiple gears (24) are engaged with the limiting gear (42). Multiple handles (26) are fixedly mounted on the side of the mounting plate (22) away from the gear three (24). These handles are arranged in a circumferential array about the axis of the mounting plate (22). A positioning component is provided between the side of the mounting plate (22) away from the gear three (24) and the periphery of the rotating shaft (14).

8. A sample crusher for geological and mineral exploration according to claim 7, characterized in that, The positioning assembly includes a positioning hole one (40), a positioning hole two (41), and a positioning plate (38) fixedly installed on the side of the mounting plate (22). The positioning hole one (40) and the positioning hole two (41) are both opened on the rotating shaft (14). The axes of the positioning hole one (40) and the positioning hole two (41) are in the same plane, and the axes of the positioning hole one (40) and the positioning hole two (41) are perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft (14). The bottom surface of the positioning plate (38) is an arc surface coaxial with the rotating shaft (14), and the bottom surface of the positioning plate (38) slides in contact with the outer periphery of the rotating shaft (14); The top surface of the positioning plate (38) is threaded with a locking bolt (39) that works in conjunction with positioning hole one (40) and positioning hole two (41). When the movable tooth (33) is in the raised state, the front end of the locking bolt (39) is located in the second positioning hole (41). When the movable tooth (33) is in the retracted state, the front end of the locking bolt (39) is located in the first positioning hole (40).

9. A sample crusher for geological and mineral exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surfaces of the movable tooth (33) and the fixed tooth (34) are arc surfaces with the same curvature, and the curvature of the top surfaces of the movable tooth (33) and the fixed tooth (34) is equal to the curvature of the surface of the roller body (10).

10. A sample crusher for geological and mineral exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation mechanism includes guide rods (5) and hydraulic cylinders (4). Four guide rods (5) are fixedly connected between two opposite sides of the crushing box (1). The four guide rods (5) are arranged in a rectangular shape. The hydraulic cylinder (4) is fixedly installed on both outer sides of the crushing box (1). The telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder (4) slides through the crushing box (1) to the interior of the crushing box (1) and is fixedly connected to a U-shaped mounting seat (7). The crushing roller (9) is rotatably installed in the U-shaped mounting seat (7). The motor (8) for driving the crushing roller (9) is fixedly installed on one side of the U-shaped mounting seat (7). Both ends of the U-shaped mounting base (7) are fixedly connected to sliders (6) on the top and bottom surfaces. The end of the slider (6) away from the U-shaped mounting base (7) is slidably connected to the guide rod (5) at the corresponding position.

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