Device and method for preparing kaolin from coal gangue

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for preparing kaolin by using coal gangue, and relates to the technical field of coal gangue crushing equipment.The device comprises an operation table, a crushing bin is installed on the upper surface of the operation table, a hopper is installed on the crushing bin, a separation hopper is fixedly connected to the side close to the crushing bin, and the device further comprises an anti-jumping-off mechanism and a crushing noise reduction adjustable mechanism; through the arrangement of the anti-jumping-off mechanism, the anti-jumping-off mechanism can be automatically closed when the coal gangue is crushed, the splashing phenomenon possibly occurring in the crushing process of the coal gangue is effectively restrained, the phenomenon that the coal gangue jumps off in the crushing process is effectively prevented, the potential injury risk to surrounding personnel when the coal gangue is crushed is reduced, and the safety of the coal gangue is improved. Safety and reliability of the operation process are guaranteed, waste of coal gangue is reduced, and cleanliness and high efficiency of the production environment are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal gangue crushing equipment, in particular to a device and a method for preparing kaolin by using coal gangue. Background Art

[0002] Coal gangue, as solid waste generated during coal production and processing, has long been regarded as the source of environmental pollution. However, through technological innovation, we can convert coal gangue into kaolin, which not only realizes the reuse of resources, but also promotes the development of a circular economy. This process reduces the pollution of coal gangue to the environment and brings considerable economic benefits to the country.

[0003] However, in the existing coal gangue processing and crushing process, when the equipment crushes the coal gangue by hammering, the coal gangue fragments will splash everywhere inside the equipment, which not only causes a lot of noise from the equipment but also accelerates the damage and aging rate of the equipment. What is more serious is that some fragments will even splash into the external environment along the feed port. Since the coal gangue will generate high temperature during the crushing process, these splashing fragments once contact the operator's body, it may not only cause serious burns, but also pose a direct threat to the operator's life safety due to the high-speed impact of the fragments.

[0004] In addition, the existing gangue crushing equipment can only perform a single crushing operation, and cannot perform secondary grinding of the gangue while crushing. In order to complete the entire processing flow, we need to use two or more independent equipment, one for crushing and the other (or more) for grinding. This practice not only greatly increases the purchase and maintenance costs of the equipment, but also increases energy consumption during the entire processing process. Therefore, the market urgently needs a device that can simultaneously complete crushing and secondary grinding to reduce production costs and improve processing efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, a device and method for preparing kaolin using coal gangue are proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a device and method for preparing kaolin using coal gangue, so as to solve the problems of the prior art that coal gangue is prone to splashing during the crushing process and the coal gangue crushing equipment is single.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for preparing kaolin using coal gangue, the method for preparing kaolin using coal gangue, the specific steps of which include: Step 1: iron removal from raw ore: This step is to remove iron impurities from coal gangue. Specific methods include physical or chemical methods such as magnetic separation and flotation to improve the whiteness and purity of the final product kaolin; Step 2: Crushing and pulverizing: The gangue needs to be crushed and ground to a fineness greater than 75μm and a particle mass fraction less than 10%. In this process, different crushing methods such as extrusion, impact, grinding, stripping and splitting are used to adapt to different types of crushing equipment. The smaller the particle size of the crushed gangue, the easier it is to decarbonize, that is, easier to burn through; Step 3, ultrafine grinding: The gangue that has been initially crushed in step 2 needs to enter the ultrafine grinding stage to further reduce the particle size and improve the fineness and uniformity of the product; this step usually requires the use of professional ultrafine grinding equipment, such as a vertical wet ball mill or a jet mill; Step 4: Drying and calcining: The coal gangue slurry after grinding in step 3 needs to be dried to remove the moisture in it to facilitate the subsequent calcination operation. The selection of drying equipment should be determined according to the properties of the slurry and the drying requirements. During the calcination process, the coal gangue crystals are heated at high temperature, undergoing physical changes and rearranging their structure to form kaolin.

[0008] Crushing and pulverizing specifically include: First, initial crushing: the gangue is fed into the hopper, and falls into the crushing noise reduction adjustable mechanism through the circular discharge port at the bottom of the hopper. The crushing shaft rotates to drive the hammer to crush the gangue. The hammer can effectively crush the gangue into smaller pieces with its powerful crushing force and stable performance. Second, fine crushing: The crushed coal gangue is crushed against each other in the crushing groove in the middle of the hammer and the grinding shaft, which will crush the crushed coal gangue again; Third, separation: The finely crushed coal gangue will begin to be screened under the rotation of the screening drum, and the unevenly crushed coal gangue will begin to be diverted to the guide plate under the rotation of the two-way curved guide shaft, and then flow into the separation bucket again through the guide plate for the next processing.

[0009] The device for preparing kaolin using coal gangue comprises an operating table, a crushing bin is installed on the upper surface of the operating table, a hopper is installed on the crushing bin, a separation bucket is fixedly connected to the side close to the crushing bin, and also comprises an anti-bounce mechanism and a crushing noise reduction adjustable mechanism; Anti-bounce mechanism; The anti-bounce mechanism is arranged in the hopper, and is used to prevent the gangue from bouncing away when it is crushed; Adjustable mechanism for crushing noise reduction; The adjustable crushing noise reduction mechanism is arranged in the crushing bin, and the adjustable crushing noise reduction mechanism is used for rolling and crushing coal gangue; Uniform screening and anti-clogging mechanism; The uniform screening and anti-blocking mechanism is arranged below the crushing bin near the crushing noise reduction adjustable mechanism, and the uniform screening and anti-blocking mechanism is used for separation of coal gangue after crushing.

[0010] Preferably, the anti-bounce mechanism includes a curved baffle, a fixing ring passes through the middle of the upper end of the curved baffle, a circular discharge port is opened at the bottom of the hopper, and a fixing block is evenly fixedly connected to the bottom of the circular discharge port, the fixing ring is fixedly connected to the fixing block, a torsion spring is evenly sleeved on the outer surface of the fixing ring, one end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the curved baffle, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the fixing block.

[0011] Preferably, the adjustable crushing noise reduction mechanism includes a crushing shaft, both ends of which are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing bin, a hammer is evenly rotatably connected to the crushing shaft, a grinding shaft is arranged below the crushing shaft, both ends of the grinding shaft are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing bin, and rolling grooves are evenly opened in the middle of the grinding shaft, the hammer slides in the rolling groove opened on the grinding shaft away from the end of the crushing shaft for secondary grinding of coal gangue.

[0012] Preferably, the adjustable crushing noise reduction mechanism also includes a curved vibration damping plate, which is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the grinding shaft, and both sides of one end of the curved vibration damping plate are rotatably connected to rotating blocks, and both sides of the other end of the curved vibration damping plate are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing bin, and the curved vibration damping plate is evenly rotatably connected to a curved rotating plate on one side close to the grinding shaft, and the lower end of the curved vibration damping plate is rotatably connected to a sliding rod on the one side close to the grinding shaft.

[0013] Preferably, the rotating block is threadedly connected to one end away from the arc vibration damping plate with a threaded adjusting rod, and the threaded adjusting rod is sleeved with a reset spring near the middle of the crushing bin, one end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the rotating block, and the other end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the crushing bin.

[0014] Preferably, the uniform screening and anti-blocking mechanism includes a screening cylinder, both ends of which are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing bin, and two sides of the outer surface of the screening cylinder are symmetrically provided with bidirectional arc guide shafts, both ends of the bidirectional arc guide shafts are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing bin, and a gear ring is fixedly connected to the middle of one end of the screening cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the sub-screen cylinder is connected with rotating teeth near the middle of the gear ring, and the rotating teeth are all engaged with the tooth surface of the gear ring. The tooth surface of the rotating teeth away from the gear ring is engaged with a transmission gear, and the transmission gear is rotatably connected to the sub-screen cylinder.

[0016] Preferably, a cleaning rotating plate is fixedly connected to the other side of the transmission gear, and the cleaning rotating plate penetrates the middle of the sub-screen cylinder at one end away from the transmission gear and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing bin, and guide plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the crushing bin.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the device and method for preparing kaolin using coal gangue provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects: 1. The anti-bounce mechanism of the present invention can automatically close when the gangue is crushed, effectively curbing the splashing phenomenon that may occur during the crushing process of the gangue. It not only effectively prevents the gangue from bouncing off during the crushing process, but also reduces the potential risk of injury to surrounding personnel during the crushing of the gangue, ensuring the safety and reliability of the operation process, while also reducing the waste of gangue and ensuring the cleanliness and efficiency of the production environment.

[0018] 2. Through the setting of the crushing noise reduction adjustable mechanism, not only can the coal gangue be crushed, but also the crushed coal gangue can be ground synchronously. Compared with the traditional single crushing equipment, it can not only reduce its cost investment, but also realize one machine with multiple uses through the setting of the present invention. Moreover, the present invention can realize the precise control of the crushed particle size of the coal gangue. The particle size of the coal gangue after secondary grinding is more uniform, and the proportion of over-crushed and uncrushed particles is reduced, thereby improving the product quality; Furthermore, in the present invention, the arc-surface vibration-damping plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the grinding shaft. When the coal gangue is crushed, the initial blocking of the arc-surface vibration-damping plates can reduce the noise generated by the crushing of the coal gangue, and can reduce the damage and aging of the equipment caused by the long-term impact of the crushing coal gangue on the inner wall of the crushing bin. Moreover, the threaded adjusting rod on the rotating block can realize the gap between the arc-surface vibration-damping plates and the surface of the grinding shaft by rotating the threaded adjusting rod. The grinding of the coal gangue particles can be adjusted by adjusting the gap, thereby further improving the adaptability and flexibility of the equipment, whether it is processing coal gangue of different particle sizes or meeting the customized needs of different customers.

[0019] 3. Through the setting of uniform screening and anti-clogging mechanism, in this scheme, the crushed and polished coal gangue can be quickly screened and filtered through the setting of the screening cylinder and the two-way curved guide shaft, and the unfiltered coal gangue on the surface of the screening cylinder can be cleaned in time. Through the setting of this scheme, even in the case of materials with high water content, the scraping and rotation of the two-way curved guide shaft of the present invention can timely reduce the adhesion of coal gangue and reduce the blockage of equipment.

[0020] Compared with traditional filtering and screening, the present invention arranges a gear ring and a cleaning rotary plate in the middle of the screening cylinder, and the meshing transmission of the rotating teeth makes the cleaning rotary plate and the screening cylinder rotate in opposite directions. At this time, the coal gangue filtered by the screening cylinder can be quickly screened under the swing of the cleaning rotary plate, thereby preventing the clogging of the filter holes on the surface of the screening cylinder again, and performing secondary filtration on the ground coal gangue, which not only increases the uniformity of the final discharge of the coal gangue, but also prevents the screening cylinder from being blocked when the coal gangue with different humidity is crushed, thereby increasing the scope of use of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a partial cutaway schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure crushing chamber of the present invention; Figure 2 It is an auxiliary schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a vertical half-cut schematic diagram of the middle part of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structural connection relationship of the uniform screening and anti-clogging mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structural connection relationship between the adjustable crushing noise reduction mechanism and the uniform screening anti-blocking mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1. Operation table; 11. Hopper; 12. Crushing bin; 13. Separation bucket; 2. Anti-bounce mechanism; 21. Arc baffle; 22. Fixed ring; 23. Fixed block; 24. Torsion spring; 3. Adjustable crushing noise reduction mechanism; 31. Crushing shaft; 32. Rotating hammer; 33. Grinding shaft; 34. Arc surface vibration reduction plate; 35. Arc surface rotating plate; 36. Rotating block; 37. Reset spring; 38. Threaded adjustment rod; 39. Sliding rod; 4. Uniform screening and anti-blocking mechanism; 41. Screening cylinder; 42. Bidirectional cambered guide shaft; 43. Gear ring; 44. Rotating gear; 45. Transmission gear; 46. Cleaning rotating plate; 47. Guide plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention; The present invention is further described in detail below based on the accompanying drawings and embodiments; First embodiment Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 As shown: In order to solve the problems mentioned in the technical solution, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing kaolin using coal gangue, and the specific steps include: Step 1: iron removal from raw ore: This step is to remove iron impurities from coal gangue. Specific methods include physical or chemical methods such as magnetic separation and flotation to improve the whiteness and purity of the final product kaolin; Step 2: Crushing and pulverizing: The gangue needs to be crushed and ground to a fineness greater than 75μm and a particle mass fraction less than 10%. In this process, different crushing methods such as extrusion, impact, grinding, stripping and splitting are used to adapt to different types of crushing equipment. The smaller the particle size of the crushed gangue, the easier it is to decarbonize, that is, easier to burn through; Step 3, ultrafine grinding: The gangue that has been initially crushed in step 2 needs to enter the ultrafine grinding stage to further reduce the particle size and improve the fineness and uniformity of the product; this step usually requires the use of professional ultrafine grinding equipment, such as a vertical wet ball mill or a jet mill; Step 4, drying and calcining: The coal gangue slurry after grinding in step 3 needs to be dried to remove the moisture in it, so as to facilitate the subsequent calcination operation. The selection of drying equipment should be determined according to the properties of the slurry and the drying requirements. During the calcination process, the coal gangue crystals are heated at high temperature, undergo physical changes, and rearrange their structures to form kaolin; Furthermore, crushing and pulverizing specifically include: First, preliminary crushing: the gangue is fed into the hopper 11, and falls into the crushing noise reduction adjustable mechanism 3 through the circular discharge port at the bottom of the hopper 11. The crushing shaft 31 rotates to drive the hammer 32 to hammer the gangue for preliminary crushing. The hammer 32 can effectively crush the gangue into smaller blocks with its powerful crushing force and stable performance. Specifically, Figures 3 to 5 As shown, first, the operator starts the motor on the surface of the operating table 1 through the controller, and then the motor rotates and is driven by the transmission system, so that the crushing shaft 31 and the grinding shaft 33 inside the crushing bin 12 rotate simultaneously, and the rotation direction is controlled by the reverse transmission device on both sides of the crushing shaft 31 so that the crushing shaft 31 and the grinding shaft 33 rotate in opposite directions; Further, the operator starts to put the coal gangue blocks to be crushed into the hopper 11. Figure 4As shown, under the action of the gravity of the coal gangue, the crushing shaft 31 will be driven to rotate on the surface of the fixed ring 22. At this time, the cambered baffle 21 begins to open and close below the circular discharge port at the bottom of the hopper 11, and the torsion spring 24 begins to twist and deform. When the coal gangue in the hopper 11 completely enters the crushing bin 12, the cambered baffle 21 is no longer squeezed by the gravity of the coal gangue. At this time, under the elastic action of the torsion spring 24, the cambered baffle 21 is fixedly connected to the torsion spring 24. Under the elastic twisting of the torsion spring 24, the cambered baffle 21 will be driven to close again at the circular discharge port at the bottom of the hopper 11, thereby preventing the coal gangue in the crushing bin 12 from splashing during the rapid crushing process, thereby protecting the safety of the operator. like Figure 5 As shown, the gangue entering the crushing bin 12 at this time is hammered by the rotary hammer 32 connected to the middle of the crushing shaft 31 while the crushing shaft 31 rotates, and the gangue above the crushing shaft 31 begins to be crushed quickly; Second, fine crushing: The crushed coal gangue is crushed against each other in the crushing grooves in the middle of the hammer 32 and the grinding shaft 33, and the crushed coal gangue is crushed again. At this time, the crushing grooves evenly opened on the grinding shaft 33 and the end of the hammer 32 squeeze each other, so that the preliminarily crushed coal gangue can be ground and refined again. Figure 5 As shown, by arranging rotatably connected arc-surface damping plates 34 on both sides of the grinding shaft 33, the splashing generated by the crushing and grinding of coal gangue can be buffered on the grinding shaft 33 and the crushing shaft 31, reducing the splashing of coal gangue on the inner wall of the crushing bin 12, which can not only reduce the noise generated by the equipment when crushing coal gangue to a certain extent, but also protect the inner wall of the crushing bin 12 from long-term crushing and wear, reduce equipment damage and aging, and the threaded adjusting rod 38 threaded on the rotating block 36 can realize the gap between the arc-surface damping plate 34 and the surface of the grinding shaft 33 by rotating the threaded adjusting rod 38, and the grinding of coal gangue particles can be adjusted by adjusting the gap, thereby further improving the adaptability and flexibility of the equipment, whether it is processing coal gangue of different particle sizes or meeting the customized needs of different customers, the configuration of the present invention can easily cope with it, showing excellent performance and quality.

[0024] Third, separation: the finely crushed gangue will start to be screened under the rotation of the screening drum 41, and the unevenly crushed gangue will start to be diverted to the guide plate 47 under the rotation of the bidirectional cambered guide shaft 42, and flow into the separation bucket 13 again through the guide plate 47 for the next treatment; the finely ground gangue in step 2 will quickly fall on the surface of the screening drum 41 for filtration, while the unfiltered gangue will flow to the guide plates 47 on both sides under the rotation of the bidirectional cambered guide shaft 42, and start to flow into the separation bucket 13 through the guide plate 47 for unified collection; Further Figure 7As shown, when the coal gangue is filtered on the sub-screening cylinder 41, it will quickly flow into the middle of the sub-screening cylinder 41. At this time, the sub-screening cylinder 41 will be driven by the transmission system. The rotation of the sub-screening cylinder 41 will drive the gear ring 43 to start driving the rotating gear 44 to rotate in the same direction. The engagement of the rotating gear 44 will drive the transmission gear 45 to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, the cleaning rotating plate 46 will be driven by the transmission gear 45 to clean the inner surface of the sub-screening cylinder 41. Through the setting of the sub-screening cylinder 41 in this scheme, the ground coal gangue can be filtered for the second time, which not only increases the uniformity of the final discharge of the coal gangue, but also prevents the sub-screening cylinder 41 from being blocked when the coal gangue with different humidity is crushed, thereby increasing the scope of use of the equipment.

[0025] Second embodiment Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 As shown: The device for preparing kaolin using coal gangue comprises an operating table 1, a crushing bin 12 is installed on the upper surface of the operating table 1, a hopper 11 is installed on the crushing bin 12, a separation bucket 13 is fixedly connected to one side close to the crushing bin 12, and also comprises an anti-bounce mechanism 2 and a crushing noise reduction adjustable mechanism 3; Anti-bounce mechanism 2; The anti-bounce mechanism 2 is arranged in the hopper 11, and the anti-bounce mechanism 2 is used to prevent the gangue from bouncing away when it is crushed; Crushing noise reduction adjustable mechanism 3; The crushing noise reduction adjustable mechanism 3 is arranged in the crushing bin 12, and the crushing noise reduction adjustable mechanism 3 is used for rolling and crushing coal gangue; Uniform screening and anti-blocking mechanism 4; The uniform screening and anti-blocking mechanism 4 is arranged below the crushing bin 12 and close to the crushing noise reduction adjustable mechanism 3, and the uniform screening and anti-blocking mechanism 4 is used for separation of coal gangue after crushing; Among them, a transmission system is also provided on the operating table 1, and the transmission system is arranged on the upper surface of the operating table 1, wherein the transmission system is composed of a motor, a transmission shaft and a belt. In the transmission system, the motor is installed on the crushing bin 12, and the motor drive shaft is connected to the transmission shaft through a belt. Both ends of the transmission shaft are rotatably connected to the crushing bin 12, and both ends of the transmission shaft are connected to both ends of the grinding shaft 33 through a belt. The crushing shaft 31, the grinding shaft 33 and the two ends of the two-way cambered guide shaft 42 are all mutually transmitted through the belt. At the same time, reverse transmission devices are arranged at both ends of the crushing shaft 31. When the grinding shaft 33 rotates, the reverse transmission devices on both sides of the crushing shaft 31 are driven by the belt transmission to make the crushing shaft 31 and the grinding shaft 33 rotate in opposite directions.

[0026] This solution sets an anti-bounce mechanism 2 at the bottom of the hopper 11, which can automatically close when the gangue is crushed, effectively curbing the splashing phenomenon that may occur in the crushing process of gangue, not only improving the safety of the crushing operation, but also reducing the waste of gangue, ensuring the cleanliness and efficiency of the production environment, and by setting the adjustable crushing noise reduction mechanism 3, it can achieve precise control of the crushing particle size of the gangue. The particle size of the gangue after secondary grinding is more uniform, reducing the proportion of over-crushed and uncrushed particles, thereby improving product quality. Through the setting of the uniform screening anti-blocking mechanism 4, the sieve hole design on the screening cylinder 41 can effectively screen out gangue of different particle sizes, making the product particle size more uniform, and the bidirectional arc guide shaft 42 accurately guides the unfiltered gangue to the separation bucket 13, avoiding material waste and mixing, and further improving the screening efficiency.

[0027] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, a fixing ring 22 is passed through the middle of the upper end of the arc baffle 21, a circular discharge port is opened at the bottom of the hopper 11, and a fixing block 23 is evenly fixedly connected to the bottom of the circular discharge port, the fixing ring 22 is fixedly connected to the fixing block 23, and a torsion spring 24 is evenly sleeved on the outer surface of the fixing ring 22, one end of the torsion spring 24 is fixedly connected to the arc baffle 21, and the other end of the torsion spring 24 is fixedly connected to the fixing block 23; In this solution, the arc baffles 21 are evenly arranged at the bottom of the hopper 11, and the arc baffles 21 can be automatically closed at the bottom of the hopper 11 through the torque of the torsion spring 24. When the gangue in the hopper 11 is crushed in the crushing bin 12, the arc baffles 21 are automatically closed under the elastic action of the torsion spring 24, so that a closed space is formed at the bottom of the hopper 11, which not only effectively prevents the gangue from bouncing away during the crushing process, but also reduces the potential risk of injury to surrounding personnel when the gangue is crushed, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the operation process.

[0028] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, both ends of the crushing shaft 31 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing bin 12, a hammer 32 is evenly rotatably connected to the crushing shaft 31, a grinding shaft 33 is arranged below the crushing shaft 31, both ends of the grinding shaft 33 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing bin 12, a grinding groove is evenly opened in the middle of the grinding shaft 33, and the end of the hammer 32 away from the crushing shaft 31 slides in the grinding groove opened on the grinding shaft 33 for secondary grinding of coal gangue; Among them, the grinding shaft 33 can also be set as a circular disc shaft with adjustable spacing. By adjusting the disc spacing in the grinding shaft 33, a certain gap can be formed between the hammer edge of the hammer 32 and the disc shaft of the grinding shaft 33. Through this gap, the size of the secondary grinding of the crushed coal gangue can be controlled, thereby increasing the adjustability of the equipment and expanding the scope of use of the equipment.

[0029] Further, if Figure 5As shown, the arc surface vibration damping plate 34 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the grinding shaft 33, and both sides of one end of the arc surface vibration damping plate 34 are rotatably connected to the rotating block 36, and both sides of the other end of the arc surface vibration damping plate 34 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber 12, and the arc surface vibration damping plate 34 is evenly rotatably connected to the arc surface rotating plate 35 on one side close to the grinding shaft 33, and the lower end of the arc surface vibration damping plate 34 is rotatably connected to the sliding rod 39 on one side close to the grinding shaft 33; A group of rotating hammers 32 are arranged on the crushing chamber 12 to initially crush the gangue, and a group of rotating grinding shafts 33 are arranged below the hammers 32. When the hammers 32 rotate, the edges of the hammers 32 and the grinding grooves of the grinding shafts 33 are mutually rolled to grind the initially crushed gangue for a second time. Compared with the prior art, this technology can complete the crushing task of the gangue more quickly, thereby saving time cost. By adjusting the rotation speed of the crushing shaft 31 and the grinding shaft 33, the grinding speed of the gangue can be controlled. Furthermore, the arc-surface damping plates 34 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the grinding shaft 33. When the gangue is crushed, the initial main stop of the arc-surface damping plates 34 can reduce the noise generated by the crushing of the gangue. At the same time, the arc-surface rotating plate 35 is evenly rotated on the arc-surface damping plate 34, which can initially alleviate the impact vibration generated by the crushing of the gangue. The end of the rotating block 36 away from the arc-surface damping plate 34 is threadedly connected with a threaded adjustment rod 38. The threaded adjustment rod 38 is sleeved with a reset spring 37 near the middle of the crushing bin 12. One end of the reset spring 37 is fixedly connected to the rotating block 36, and the other end of the reset spring 37 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the crushing bin 12. Moreover, the threaded adjusting rod 38 on the rotating block 36 can realize the gap between the arc vibration damping plate 34 and the surface of the grinding shaft 33 by rotating the threaded adjusting rod 38. The grinding of the gangue particles can be adjusted by adjusting the gap, thereby further improving the adaptability and flexibility of the equipment. Whether it is processing gangue of different particle sizes or meeting the customized needs of different customers, the configuration of the present invention can easily cope with it and show excellent performance and quality.

[0030] Specifically, Figure 7 As shown, both ends of the sub-screen drum 41 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing bin 12, and two sides of the outer surface of the sub-screen drum 41 are symmetrically provided with bidirectional cambered guide shafts 42, and both ends of the bidirectional cambered guide shafts 42 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing bin 12, and a gear ring 43 is fixedly connected to the middle of one end of the sub-screen drum 41; The bidirectional cambered guide shaft 42 has guide vanes symmetrically arranged on both sides, and the bidirectional cambered guide shaft 42 rotates to drive the guide vanes to make the unfiltered coal gangue on the upper surface of the sub-screen cylinder 41 flow into the separation bucket 13 for unified collection.

[0031] In this scheme, the crushed and ground coal gangue can be quickly screened and filtered through the setting of the sub-screen drum 41 and the two-way curved guide shaft 42, and the unfiltered coal gangue on the surface of the sub-screen drum 41 can be cleaned in time. Through the setting of this scheme, the material with a high water content can be scraped and rotated by the two-way curved guide shaft 42 of the present invention in time to reduce the adhesion of coal gangue and reduce the clogging of equipment.

[0032] The sub-screen cylinder 41 is evenly connected to a rotating tooth 44 near the middle of the gear ring 43, and the rotating teeth 44 are all meshed on the tooth surface of the gear ring 43. The tooth surface of the rotating tooth 44 away from the gear ring 43 is meshed with a transmission gear 45, and one side of the transmission gear 45 is rotatably connected to the sub-screen cylinder 41; the other side of the transmission gear 45 is fixedly connected to a cleaning rotating plate 46, and the end of the cleaning rotating plate 46 away from the transmission gear 45 passes through the middle of the sub-screen cylinder 41 and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber 12, and guide plates 47 are fixedly connected on both sides of the crushing chamber 12; The present invention arranges a gear ring 43 and a cleaning rotating plate 46 in the middle of the sub-screening cylinder 41, and the cleaning rotating plate 46 rotates in the opposite direction to the sub-screening cylinder 41 through the meshing transmission of the rotating teeth 44. At this time, the coal gangue filtered by the sub-screening cylinder 41 can be quickly screened under the swing of the cleaning rotating plate 46, thereby preventing the filter holes on the surface of the sub-screening cylinder 41 from being blocked again.

[0033] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "including one..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0034] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing kaolin using coal gangue, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: iron removal from raw ore: This step is to remove iron impurities from coal gangue. Specific methods include physical or chemical methods such as magnetic separation and flotation to improve the whiteness and purity of the final product kaolin; Step 2: Crushing and pulverizing: The gangue needs to be crushed and ground to a fineness greater than 75μm and a particle mass fraction less than 10%. In this process, different crushing methods such as extrusion, impact, grinding, stripping and splitting are used to adapt to different types of crushing equipment. The smaller the particle size of the crushed gangue, the easier it is to decarbonize, that is, easier to burn through; Step 3, ultrafine grinding: The gangue that has been initially crushed in step 2 needs to enter the ultrafine grinding stage to further reduce the particle size and improve the fineness and uniformity of the product; this step usually requires the use of professional ultrafine grinding equipment, such as a vertical wet ball mill or a jet mill; Step 4: Drying and calcining: The coal gangue slurry after grinding in step 3 needs to be dried to remove the moisture in it to facilitate the subsequent calcination operation. The selection of drying equipment should be determined according to the properties of the slurry and the drying requirements. During the calcination process, the coal gangue crystals are heated at high temperature, undergoing physical changes and rearranging their structure to form kaolin.

2. The method for preparing kaolin using coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing and pulverizing steps include: First, preliminary crushing: the gangue is fed into the hopper (11), and falls into the crushing noise reduction adjustable mechanism (3) through the circular discharge port at the bottom of the hopper (11). The crushing shaft (31) rotates to drive the rotary hammer (32) to hammer the gangue for preliminary crushing. The rotary hammer (32) can effectively crush the gangue into smaller pieces with its powerful crushing force and stable performance. Second, fine crushing: the crushed coal gangue is crushed against each other in the crushing groove in the middle of the rotary hammer (32) and the grinding shaft (33), and the crushed coal gangue is finely crushed again; Third, separation: the finely crushed coal gangue will begin to be screened under the rotation of the screening drum (41), wherein the finely crushed uneven coal gangue will begin to be guided to the guide plate (47) under the rotation of the bidirectional curved guide shaft (42), and then flow into the separation bucket (13) again through the guide plate (47) for the next processing.

3. A device for preparing kaolin using coal gangue, applicable to the method for preparing kaolin using coal gangue as described in any one of claims 2 to 3, comprising an operating table (1), a crushing bin (12) being installed on the upper surface of the operating table (1), a hopper (11) being installed on the crushing bin (12), a separation hopper (13) being fixedly connected to the side close to the crushing bin (12), and characterized in that: It also includes an anti-bounce mechanism (2) and an adjustable crushing noise reduction mechanism (3); Anti-bounce mechanism (2); The anti-bounce mechanism (2) is arranged in the hopper (11), and the anti-bounce mechanism (2) is used to prevent the gangue from bouncing away when it is crushed; Adjustable crushing noise reduction mechanism (3); The adjustable crushing noise reduction mechanism (3) is arranged in the crushing bin (12), and the adjustable crushing noise reduction mechanism (3) is used for rolling and crushing coal gangue; Uniform screening and anti-clogging mechanism (4); The uniform screening anti-blocking mechanism (4) is arranged below the crushing bin (12) close to the crushing noise reduction adjustable mechanism (3), and the uniform screening anti-blocking mechanism (4) is used for separation of coal gangue after crushing.

4. The device for preparing kaolin using coal gangue according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anti-bounce mechanism (2) comprises a curved baffle (21), a fixing ring (22) penetrates the middle of the upper end of the curved baffle (21), a circular discharge port is opened at the bottom of the hopper (11), and a fixing block (23) is evenly fixedly connected to the bottom of the circular discharge port, the fixing ring (22) is fixedly connected to the fixing block (23), and a torsion spring (24) is evenly sleeved on the outer surface of the fixing ring (22), one end of the torsion spring (24) is fixedly connected to the curved baffle (21), and the other end of the torsion spring (24) is fixedly connected to the fixing block (23).

5. The device for preparing kaolin using coal gangue according to claim 3, characterized in that: The crushing noise reduction adjustable mechanism (3) comprises a crushing shaft (31), the two ends of the crushing shaft (31) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber (12), a rotary hammer (32) is evenly rotatably connected to the crushing shaft (31), a grinding shaft (33) is arranged below the crushing shaft (31), the two ends of the grinding shaft (33) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber (12), a grinding groove is evenly opened in the middle of the grinding shaft (33), and the end of the rotary hammer (32) away from the crushing shaft (31) slides in the grinding groove opened in the grinding shaft (33) for secondary grinding of coal gangue.

6. The device for preparing kaolin using coal gangue according to claim 5, characterized in that: The crushing noise reduction adjustable mechanism (3) further comprises an arc-surface vibration damping plate (34), the arc-surface vibration damping plate (34) being symmetrically arranged on both sides of the grinding shaft (33), one end of the arc-surface vibration damping plate (34) being rotatably connected to rotating blocks (36) on both sides, and the other end of the arc-surface vibration damping plate (34) being rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber (12) on both sides, the arc-surface vibration damping plate (34) being rotatably connected to a arc-surface rotating plate (35) on one side close to the grinding shaft (33), and the lower end of the arc-surface vibration damping plate (34) being rotatably connected to a sliding rod (39) on one side close to the grinding shaft (33).

7. The device for preparing kaolin using coal gangue according to claim 6, characterized in that: A threaded adjustment rod (38) is threadedly connected to one end of the rotating block (36) away from the arc-surface vibration damping plate (34); a return spring (37) is sleeved on the threaded adjustment rod (38) near the middle of the crushing bin (12); one end of the return spring (37) is fixedly connected to the rotating block (36); and the other end of the return spring (37) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the crushing bin (12).

8. The device for preparing kaolin using coal gangue according to claim 3, characterized in that: The uniform screening anti-blocking mechanism (4) comprises a screening cylinder (41), the two ends of the screening cylinder (41) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing bin (12), two sides of the outer surface of the screening cylinder (41) are symmetrically provided with bidirectional cambered guide shafts (42), the two ends of the bidirectional cambered guide shafts (42) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing bin (12), and a gear ring (43) is fixedly connected to the middle of one end of the screening cylinder (41).

9. The device for preparing kaolin using coal gangue according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sub-screen cylinder (41) is connected to a rotating tooth (44) near the middle of the gear ring (43) so as to rotate evenly. The rotating teeth (44) are all meshed on the tooth surface of the gear ring (43). The tooth surface of the rotating tooth (44) away from the gear ring (43) is meshed with a transmission gear (45). The transmission gear (45) is connected to the sub-screen cylinder (41) in a rotating manner.

10. The device for preparing kaolin using coal gangue according to claim 9, characterized in that: A cleaning rotating plate (46) is fixedly connected to the other side of the transmission gear (45); the cleaning rotating plate (46) extends through the middle of the screening cylinder (41) at one end away from the transmission gear (45) and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing bin (12); guide plates (47) are fixedly connected to both sides of the crushing bin (12).

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